AP Board 7th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Exponents and Powers InText Questions

SCERT AP 7th Class Maths Solutions Pdf Chapter 78 Exponents and Powers InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 8th Lesson Exponents and Powers InText Questions

Check Your Progress [Page No. 28]

Question 1.
Write the following in exponential form by using 10 as the base number :
(i) 10,00,00,000
(ii) 100,00,00,000
Answer:

Number	Expanded form	Exponential
(i) 10,00,00,000	10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10	108
(ii) 100,00,00,000	10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10	109

Let’s Explore [Page No. 29]

Question 1.
Observe and complete the following table. First one is done for you.

Answer:

Question 2.
Write the following numbers in exponential form. Also state the base, exponent and how to read. .
(i) 16
(ii) 49
(iii) 512
(iv) 243
Answer:

Question 3.
Compute the following and write the greater one.
(i) 4³ or 3⁴
Answer:
4³ = 4 × 4 × 4 = 64
3⁴ = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 81 is greater.
64 < 81 (or) 81 > 64
So, 4³ < 3⁴ (or) 3⁴ > 4³

(ii) 5³ or 3⁵
Answer:
5³ = 5 × 5 × 5 = 125
3⁵ = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 243 is greater.
125 < 243 (or) 243 > 125
So, 5³ < 3⁵ (or) 3⁵ > 5³

Question 4.
Is 32 equal to 23 ? Justify your answer.
Answer:
3² = 3 × 3 = 9
23 = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8
9 ≠ 8
3² ≠ 2³
So, a^b ≠ b^a unless a = b

Check Your Progress [Page No. 30]

Express the following number in exponential form using prime factorisation:
(i) 432
Answer:

432 = 2 × 216
= 2 × 2 × 108
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 54
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 27
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 9
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3
∴ 432 = 2⁴ × 3³

(ii) 1296
Answer:
1296 = 2 × 648
= 2 × 2 × 324
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 162
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 81
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 27
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 9
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3

∴ 1296 = 2⁴ × 3⁴

(iii) 729
Answer:

729 = 3 × 243
= 3 × 3 × 81
= 3 × 3 × 3 × 27
= 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 9
= 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
729 = 3⁶

(iv) 1600
Answer:

1600 = 2 × 800
= 2 × 2 × 400
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 200
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 100
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 50
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 25
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5
1600 = 2⁶ × 5²

Let’s Explore [Page No. 32]

Question 1.
Write the appropriate number in place of ▢ in the following.
Let ‘b’ be any non-zero integer.

Answer:

= b² × b³
= b × b × b × b × b = b⁵

Answer:

then b¹⁰ × b¹ = b¹⁴
b¹⁰⁺¹ = b¹⁴
b¹¹ ≠ b¹⁴

then b¹⁰ × b² = b¹⁴
b¹⁰⁺² = b¹⁴
b¹² ≠ b¹⁴

then b¹⁰ × b³ = b¹⁴
b¹⁰⁺³ = b¹⁴
b¹³ ≠ b¹⁴

then b¹⁰ × b⁴ = b¹⁴
b¹⁰⁺⁴ = b¹⁴
∴ b¹⁴ = b¹⁴

Question 2.
Simplify the following using the formula a^m × aⁿ = a^m+n
(i) 5⁷ × 5⁴
Answer:
5⁷ × 5⁴
We know that a^m × aⁿ = a^m+n;
5⁷ × 5⁴ = 5⁷⁺⁴ = 5¹¹
∴ 5⁷ × 5⁴ = 5¹¹

(ii) p³ × p²
Answer:
p³ × p²
We know that a^m × aⁿ = a^m+n
p³ × p² = p³⁺² = p⁵
∴ p³ × p² = p⁵

(iii) (-4)¹⁰ × (-4)³ × (-4)²
Answer:
(-4)¹⁰ × (-4)³ × (-4)²
We know that a^m × aⁿ = a^m+n
(- 4)¹⁰⁺³⁺² = (- 4)¹⁵
∴ (-4)¹⁰ × (-4)³ × (-4)² = (- 4)¹⁵

Let’s Explore [Page No. 33]

Question 1.
Write the following in exponential form using the formula (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn.
(i) (6²)⁴
Answer:
(6²)⁴
We know (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn
(6²)⁴ = 6^2×4 = 6⁸
∴ (6²)⁴ = 6⁸

(ii) (2²)¹⁰⁰
Answer:
(2²)¹⁰⁰
We know (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn
(2²)¹⁰⁰ = 2^2×100 = 2²⁰⁰
∴ (2²)¹⁰⁰ = 2²⁰⁰

(iii) (20⁶)²
Answer:
(20⁶)²
We know (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn
(20⁶)² = 20^6×2 = 20¹²
∴ (20⁶)² = 20¹²

(iv) [(-10)³]⁵
Answer:
[(-10)³]⁵
We know (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn
[(-10)³]⁵ =(-10)^3×5 = (-10)¹⁵
∴ [(- 10)³]⁵ = (- 10)¹⁵

Check Your Progress [Page No. 34]

Simplify the following by using the law , a^m × b^m = (ab)^m.
(i) 7⁶ × 3⁶
Answer:
7⁶ × 3⁶
We know, a^m × b^m = (ab)^m
7⁶ × 3⁶ = (7 × 3)⁶ = (21)⁶
∴ 7⁶ × 3⁶ = 21⁶

(ii) (3 × 5)⁴
Answer:
(3 × 5)⁴
We know, (ab)^m = a^m × b^m
(3 × 5)⁴ = 3⁴ × 5⁴
∴ (3 × 5)⁴ = 3⁴ × 5⁴

(iii) a⁴ × b⁴
Answer:
a⁴ × b⁴
We know, a^m × b^m = (ab)^m
a⁴ × b⁴ = (a . b)⁴
∴ a⁴ × b⁴ = (a . b)⁴

(iv) 3² × a²
Answer:
3² × a²
We know, a^m × b^m = (ab)^m
3² × a² = (3 × a)² = (3a)²
∴ 3² × a² = (3a)²

Let’s Explore [Page No. 37]

Question 1.
Simplify and write In the form of a^m-n Or \(\frac{1}{\mathbf{a}^{\mathbf{n}-\mathbf{m}}}\)
(i) \(\frac{10^{8}}{10^{4}}\)
Answer:
We Know \(\frac{10^{8}}{10^{4}}\) = a^m-n
\(\frac{10^{8}}{10^{4}}\) = 10^8-4 = 10⁴
∴\(\frac{10^{8}}{10^{4}}\) = 10⁴

(ii) \(\frac{(-7)^{13}}{(-7)^{10}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{(-7)^{13}}{(-7)^{10}}\)
We Know \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^m-n (m > n)
\(\frac{(-7)^{13}}{(-7)^{10}}\) = (-7)^13-10
= (-7)³ = -7 × -7 × -7 = – 343
∴\(\frac{(-7)^{13}}{(-7)^{10}}\) = – 343

(iii) \(\frac{12^{5}}{12^{8}}\)
Answer:

(iv) \(\frac{3^{4}}{3^{7}}\)
Answer:

Question 2.
Fill the appropriate number In the box


Answer:

We Know \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^m-n (m > n)
\(\frac{7^{12}}{7^{7}}\) = 7^12-7 = 7⁵
∴ \(\frac{7^{12}}{7^{7}}\) = 7⁵

Answer:

Answer:

Answer:

Question 3.
Simplify the following :
(i) \(\frac{6^{8}}{6^{8}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{6^{8}}{6^{8}}\)
We Know \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^m-n
\(\frac{6^{8}}{6^{8}}\) = 6^8-8 = 6⁰ = 1 (∵ a⁰ = 1)

(ii) \(\frac{t^{10}}{t^{10}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{t^{10}}{t^{10}}\)
We Know \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^m-n
\(\frac{t^{10}}{t^{10}}\) = t^10-10 = t⁰ = 1 (∵ a⁰ = 1)

(iii) \(\frac{12^{7}}{12^{7}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{12^{7}}{12^{7}}\)
We Know \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^m-n
\(\frac{12^{7}}{12^{7}}\) = 12^7-7 = 12⁰ = 1 (∵ a⁰ = 1)

(iv) \(\frac{p^{5}}{p^{5}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{p^{5}}{p^{5}}\)
We Know \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^m-n
\(\frac{p^{5}}{p^{5}}\) = p^10-10 = p⁰ = 1 (∵ a⁰ = 1)

Check Your Progress [Page No. 38]

Question 1.
Complete the following boxes .

Answer:

Answer:

Answer:

Answer:

Check Your Progress [Page No. 39]

Question 1.
Express the following in exponential form.
(i) \(\frac{-27}{125}\)
Answer:

(ii) \(\frac{-32}{243}\)
Answer:

(iii) \(\frac{-125}{1000}\)
Answer:

(iv) \(\frac{-1}{625}\)
Answer:

Let’s Think [Page No. 39]

Question 1.
Deekshltha and Harsha computed 4(3)² in different ways.
Deeksbitha did it like this
4(3)² = (4 × 3)²
= 12²
= 144

Harsha did it like this
4(3)² = 4 × (3 × 3)
= 4 × 9
= 36
Who has done the problem Incorrectly?
Discuss the reason for the mistake with your friends.
Answer:
In 4(3)² square only belongs to 3, but not 4.
So, Deekshitha did wrong and Harsha did correct.

Let’s Do Activity [Page No. 40]

Finding the pair : Divide the classroom into two groups. Each group has a set of cards. Each student of group 1 has to pair with one suitable student of group 2 by stating in the reason.

Answer:

Note : This activity can be extended till all the children in the class are familiarised with the laws of exponents.

Project Work [Page No. 42]

Collect the annual income of 5 families in your location by observing their ration card and rounded into the nearest thousand / Lakh and express in the exponential form. One done for you.

Answer:

Examples:

Question 1.
Which one is greater 8² or 2⁸? Justify.
Answer:
8² = 8 × 8 = 64
2⁸ = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 256
256 >64
Therefore, 2⁸ > 8².

Question 2.
Simplify the following using the formula a^m × aⁿ = a^m+n
(i) (- 5)⁷ × (- 5)⁴
Answer:
(- 5)⁷ × (- 5)⁴ = (- 5)⁷⁺⁴
(∵ a^m × aⁿ = a^m+n)
= (- 5)¹¹
∴ (- 5)⁷ × (- 5)⁴ = (- 5)¹¹

(ii) 3³ × 3² × 3⁴
Answer:
3³ × 3² × 3⁴ = 3³⁺²⁺⁴
(∵ a^m × aⁿ = a^m+n)
= 3⁹
∴ 3³ × 3² × 3⁴ = 3⁹

Question 3.
Simplify the following using the formula (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn
(i) (8³)⁴
Answer:
(8³)⁴ = 8^3×4
= 8¹²
∴ (8³)⁴ = 8¹²

(ii) [(-11)⁵]²
Answer:
[(-11)⁵]² = (- 11)^5×2
= (- 11)¹⁰
∴ [(-11)⁵]² = (- 11)¹⁰

(iii) (7⁵⁰)²
Answer:
(7⁵⁰)²= 7^50×2 = 7¹⁰⁰
∴ (7⁵⁰)² = 7¹⁰⁰

Question 4.
Simplify the following using the expo-nential law a^m × b^m = (ab)^m
(i) 5² × 3²
Answer:
5² × 3² = (5 × 3)² [∵ a^m × b^m = (ab)^m]

(ii) p³ × q³
Answer:
p³ × q³ = (p × q)³

(iii) (7 × 8)⁴
Answer:
(7 × 8)⁴ = 7⁴ × 8⁴ [∵ (ab)^m = a^m × b^m]

Question 5.
Simplify the following and write in the form of \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^m-n or \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}=\frac{1}{a^{n-m}}\)
(i) \(\frac{2^{9}}{2^{3}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{2^{9}}{2^{3}}\) = 2^9-3 [∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^m-n]
= 2⁶

(ii) \(\frac{(-9)^{11}}{(-9)^{7}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{(-9)^{11}}{(-9)^{7}}\) = (- 9)^11-7 = (-9)⁴

(iii) \(\frac{7^{10}}{7^{13}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{7^{10}}{7^{13}}=\frac{1}{7^{13-10}}\)
[∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}=\frac{1}{a^{n-m}}\)]
= \(\frac{1}{7^{3}}\)

(iv) \(\frac{6^{2}}{6^{5}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{6^{2}}{6^{5}}=\frac{1}{6^{5-2}}=\frac{1}{6^{3}}\)

Question 6.
Simplify the following by using formula \(\frac{a^{m}}{b^{m}}=\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^{m}\).
(i) \(\frac{5^{3}}{2^{3}}\)
Answer:
\(\frac{5^{3}}{2^{3}}=\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^{3}\) [∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{b^{m}}=\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^{m}\)]

(ii) \(\left(\frac{8}{5}\right)^{4}\)
Answer:
\(\left(\frac{8}{5}\right)^{4}=\frac{8^{4}}{5^{4}}\)
[∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{b^{m}}=\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^{m}\)]

Question 7.
Evaluate:
(1)⁴, (1)⁵, (1)⁷, (- 1)², (- 1)³, (- 1)⁴, (- 1)⁵
Answer:
(1)⁴ = 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 = 1
(1)⁵ = 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 = 1
(1)⁷ = 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 = 1
(- 1)²= (-1) × (-1) = 1
(- 1)³ = (-1) × (1) × (-1) = – 1
(- 1)⁴ =(-1) × (-1) × (-1) × (-1) = 1
(- 1)⁵ = (-1) × (-1) × (-1) × (-1) × (- 1) = – 1

From the above illustrations,
(i) It raised. to any power is 1.
(ii) (-1) raised to even power is (- 1) and
(-1) raised to an odd power is (-1).

Thus (- 1)^m = 1 if ’m’ is even
(- 1)^m 1 if ‘m’ is odd

Question 8.
Express \(\) In exponential form.
Answer:
-8 = (-2) × (-2) × (-2) = (-2)³
27 = 3 × 3 × 3 = (3)³
∴ \(\frac{-8}{27}: \frac{(-2)^{3}}{3^{3}}=\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)^{3}\)

Question 9.
Abhllash computed a³. a² as a⁶. Is it correct?
Answer:
Abhilash has done it incorrectly.
Bcause a³. a² = a³⁺² = a⁵ [∵ a^m . aⁿ = a^mn]
Therefore, a³. a² = a⁵ is correct answer.

Question 10.
Riyaz computed \(\frac{a^{8}}{a^{2}}\) as a⁴. Has he done It correctly? Justify your answer.
Answer:
Riyaz has done it incorrectly.
Because \(\frac{a^{8}}{a^{2}}\) = a^8-2
= a⁶ [∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^m-n]
∴ \(\frac{a^{8}}{a^{2}}\) = a⁶ is correct answer.

Question 11.
Write the following into standard form.
(i) 7465
Answer:
7465 = 7.465 × 1000 (Decimal is shifted three places to the left)
= 7.465 × 10³

(ii) The height of Mount Everest is 8848 m.
Answer:
The height of Mount Everest
= 8848 m
= 8.848 × 1000 m (Decimal is shifted three places to the left)
= 8.848 × 10³m

(iii) The distance from the Sun to Earth is 149,600,000,000 m.
Answer:
The distance from the Sun to Earth
= 149,600,000,000 m
= 1.496 × 100000000000 m
= 1.496 × 10¹¹ m

Reasoning Corner [Page No. 45: Odd one out in numbers]

In each of the following questions, there are 4 numbers. Three of them are similar in a certain way but one is not like the other three. One has to identify the similarity and then strike the odd one out as answer option.
The number can be odd/ even /consecutive, prime numbers, multiple of some number, single, square or cubes of different numbers, plus/minus of some other number or combinations of any mathematical calculation.
Question 1.
(a) 12
(b) 25
(c) 37
(d) 49
Answer:
(c) 37

Hint:
Prime number

Question 2.
(a) 13
(b) 63
(c) 83
(d) 43
Answer:
(b) 63

Hint:
Not a prime number

Question 3.
(a) 21
(b) 49
(c) 56
(d) 36
Answer:
(d) 36

Hint:
Not divisible by 7

Question 4.
(a) 112
(b) 256
(c) 118
(d) 214
Answer:
(b) 256

Hint:
Square number

Question 5.
(a) 42
(b) 21
(c) 84
(d) 35
Answer:
(d) 35

Hint:
Not divisible by 3

Question 6.
(a) 11
(b) 13
(c) 15
(d) 17
Answer:
(c) 15

Hint:
Not a prime number

Question 7.
(a) 10
(b) 11
(c) 15
(d) 16
Answer:
(b) 11

Hint:
Prime number

Question 8.
(a) 49
(b) 63
(c) 77
(d) 81
Answer:
(d) 81

Hint:
Not divisible by 7

Question 9.
(a) 28
(b) 65
(c) 129
(d) 215
Answer:
(a) 28

Hint:
Even number

Question 10.
(a) 51
(b) 144
(c) 64
(d) 121
Answer:
(a) 51

Hint:
Not square number

Practice Questions [Page No. 46]

Question 1.
(a) 3
(b) 9
(c) 5
(d) 7
Answer:
(b) 9

Explanation:
9 is composite number. The remaining numbers are primes.

Question 2.
(a) 6450
(b) 1776
(c) 2392
(d) 3815
Answer:
(d) 3815

Explanation:
All others are even numbers.

Question 3.
(a) 24
(b) 48
(c) 42
(d) 12
Answer:
(c) 42

Explanation:
12, 24 and 48 are multiples of 12.

Question 4.
(a) 616
(b) 252
(c) 311
(d) 707
Answer:
(c) 311

Explanation:
616, 252 and 707 are Palindromes.

Question 5.
(a) 18
(b) 12
(c) 30
(d) 20
Answer:
(d) 20

Explanation:
12, 18 and 30 are 3 (or) 6 multiples. But, 20 is not 3 (or) 6 multiple.

Question 6.
Find the odd one from the given
(a) 3730
(b) 6820
(c) 5568
(d) 4604
Answer:
(a) 3730

Explanation:
3730, All others are divisible by 4.

Question 7.
(a) 2587
(b) 7628
(c) 8726
(d) 2867
Answer:
(a) 2587

Explanation:
All others are formed by 2, 6, 7 and 8.

Question 8.
(a) 63
(b) 29
(c) 27
(d) 25
Answer:
(d) 25

Explanation:
63, 29 and 27 are not squares. 25 only the square.

Question 9.
(a) 23
(b) 37
(c) 21
(d) 31
Answer:
(c) 21

Explanation:
23,37 and 31 are prime numbers.
21 only the composite number.

Question 10.
(a) 18
(b) 9
(c) 21
(d) 7
Answer:
(d) 7

Explanation:
18, 9, 21 are composite numbers.
7 only the prime number.