Class 7

SCERT AP 7th Class Maths Solutions Pdf Chapter 7 Ratio and Proportion Ex 7.1 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 7th Lesson Ratio and Proportion Ex 7.1

Question 1.
Pavan and Roshan started a business with ₹ 1,50,000 and ₹ 2,00,000 respectively. After nine months Roshan left the business. At the end of the year, they got a profit of ₹ 45,000. Then find the profits shared by Pavan and Roshafi.
Answer:
Given Pavan’s investment =₹ 150000
Pavan’s period in business = 1 year = 12 months
Roshan’s investment = ₹ 200000
Rohan’s period in business = 9 months

The ratio of investments of Pavan to Roshan = 150000 : 200000 = 3 : 4
The ratio of periods of business of Pavan to Roshan = 12 : 9 = 4 : 3
The profit should be distributed on the basis of the compound ratio of investments and period = 3 : 4 and 4 : 3 is
3 × 4 : 4 × 3 = 12 : 12

Therefore, compound Ratio =1:1 (i.e.,) they should share profit equally. Profit = ₹ 45,000
Total parts = 1 + 1 = 2
Pavan’s profit = 45000 × \(\frac{1}{2}\) = ₹ 22500
Roshan’s profit = 45000 – 22500 = ₹ 22,500

Question 2.
Salman started a hotel with an amount of ₹ 75,000. After 5 months Deepak joined with an amount of ₹ 80,000. At the end of the year they earned a profit of ₹ 73,000. How will they share their profit?
Answer:
Given Salman’s investment = ₹ 75000
Salman’s period in business = 1 year = 12 months
Deepak’s investment = ₹ 80000 Deepak’s period in business = 7 months
The ratio of investments of Salman to Deepak = 75000 : 80000 = 15 : 16
The ratio of periods of business of Salman to Deepak = 12 : 7

The profit should be distributed on the basis of compound ratio of 15 : 16 and 12 : 7 is
15 × 12 : 16 × 7 = 180 : 112
= 45 : 28
Therefore, compound ratio = 45 : 28
Profit = ₹ 73,000
Total parts = 45 + 28 = 73

∴ Salman’s profit = 73000 × \(\frac{45}{73}\)
= ₹ 45000

Deepak’s profit = 73000 × \(\frac{28}{73}\)
= ₹ 28,000

Question 3.
Ramayya took a grass field for rent for grazing his 24 cows. After 5 months, Somayya also joined with him for his 40 cows. At the end year they paid a rent of ₹ 35,500. What would be the rent paid by each of them?

Answer:
Given number of cows grazed by Ramayya = 24
Grazed months 1 year =12 months.
Number of cows grazed by Somayya = 40
Grazed months = 7 months.

The ratio number of grazed cows
= 24 : 40 = 3 : 5

The ratio of months grazed = 12 : 7
The rent should be distributed on the basis of compound ratio of 3 : 5 and 12 : 7 is
3 × 12 : 5 × 7 = 36 : 35

Therefore, compound ratio = 36 : 35
Annual Rent = ₹ 35,500
Total parts = 36 + 35 = 71

Rent paid by Rarnavya = 35,500 × \(\frac{36}{71}\)
= ₹ 18,000
Rent paid by Somaa = 35,500 × \(\frac{35}{71}\)
= ₹ 17,500

Question 4.
Ravi started a business with ₹ 2,10,000. After a few months, Prakash joined the business with an amount of ₹ 3,60,000. At the end of the year if they got a profit of ₹ 1,20,000 each, then find after how many months did Prakash join in the business?
Answer:
Given Ravi’s investment = ₹ 2,10,000
Ravi’s period in business = 1 year = 12 months
Prakash’s investment = ₹ 3,60,000

Let, Prakash’s period in business = x months
The Ratio of investments of Ravi and Prakash = 210000 : 360000 = 7 : 12
The ratio of periods of business of Ravi to Prakash = 12 : x

The profit should distributed on the basis of compound ratio of 7 : 12 and 12 : x is
7 × 12 : 12 × x = 84 : 12x
= 7 : x
Therefore, compound ratio = 7 : x
They got equal profits.

So, Total profit = 120000 + 120000 = ₹ 2,40,000
Total parts = 7 + x
So, x = 7
So Prakash joined after (12 – 7) = 5 months
Prakash’s period in business = x
= 7 months
So, Prakash joined in business after (12 – 7) = 5 months.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class English Textbook Solutions Chapter 4C The Emperor’s New Clothes Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Solutions Chapter 4C The Emperor’s New Clothes

7th Class English Chapter 4C The Emperor’s New Clothes Textbook Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Was the king wise?
Answer:
No, the king was not wise.

Question 2.
What would have happened if the old minister had told the king the truth?
Answer:
If the old minister had told the king the truth, he would have called that the minister a fool. And he would not have punished the weavers.

Question 3.
Why did everyone pretend that they could see the cloth?
Answer:
Everyone pretended that they could see the cloth because the weavers had said that fools could not see their cloth and so they did not want to be considered fools.

Question 4.
There are people who cheat as the weavers did. Share with your classmates what you know about such cheats.
Answer:
What I know about them is that they appear to be correct and our helpers. They pass nice and. sweet words which make us spell-bound. Later they cheat us. We lose something. So we should think well about what some boys say. We should analyse their words and find out the fact. We may, then, do what they say.

If everything you touched became gold, would you be happy?

King Midas was a very greedy king. Even though he was very rich, he always craved for more and more. Every day he prayed God for more and more. One day, God appeared before him and granted him a wish. Midas asked, “Give me golden touch – everything I touch should become gold.” God smiled and granted him the golden touch saying, “Anything that you touch will turn into gold.” The King was delighted with his good fortune. Everything he touched turned into gold. He turned trees, grass, tables, chairs, flowers, and vases into gold. He thought that he must be the richest man in the world.

But in the evening, when he sat down for supper, King Midas was not so happy. His food turned into gold the moment he touched it and’ he had to go to bed without any food! However, King Midas was too greedy to be sad about it.

The next morning, the King’s daughter ran to hug her father. But alas! The minute she kissed him, she turned into a gold statue! King Midas, who loved his daughter very much, was very sad and he ran to the temple for help. He cried, “God, please help me, I don’t want to be rich anymore. I only want my beloved daughter back.” God changed everything back to normal. King Midas had learnt his lesson and was never greedy again.

The Emperor’s New Clothes Summary in English

Once there lived an Emperor. He was very fond of new clothes. He spent his money on getting new clothes for himself.

One day two men came to his court. They said they could make the most beautiful cloth in the world for the Emperor. The Emperor was very much pleased with their words. They also told the Emperor that their cloth was so special that only wise people could see it, but fools could not. The Emperor thought by wearing clothes made with that cloth, he could see who were wise and who were fools in his kingdom. So the Emperor gave them a lot of money and told them to begin their work at once.

The two men were given a special room for their work. In that room, they set up two looms. They acted to be working. But there was nothing on the looms. They asked the king to give them the finest silk and the purest gold thread. The king did so. But they put those in their bags and acted working at the empty looms until late at night.

One day the king sent his old minister to the weavers to know how they were getting on with his cloth. The minister entered their room. He felt surprised to see nothing on the looms and the men doing nothing. The weavers asked the minister how the cloth they made was. The minister thought that if he said the truth, he would be treated as a fool. So, though he could see nothing there, he said that the cloth was very splendid.

Next time, the king went into the room along with his officers. Both the king and the officers could see nothing there. But they all said that the cloth was very beautiful.

At last the weavers said that the cloth was ready. They cut it with a huge pair of scissors in the air. They stitched the clothes with needles without any thread in them.

They told the Emperor that the clothes were ready. The weavers said that they made the trousers and the coat for the king. The officers said that they were beautiful though they could see nothing there. Even the king could see nothing but he could not admit it.

The two young men asked the king to put on the new clothes that they had made. The Emperor took off all his clothes and pretended to be putting on the new clothes. He knew he wore nothing but did not complain because he would thought to be a fool if he said the truth.

The Emperor walked along in the procession. People in the street cried that the Emperor’s new clothes were beautiful. But a little child said that the king had got nothing on, at all. Then all the people there cried that the king had got nothing on. The king felt greatly ashamed and unhappy. He knew that the people were right. But the procession had to go on.

The Emperor’s New Clothes Glossary

be fond of: like very much

weavers (n): people who weave cloth with thread

pretended (v): acted

foolish (n): person having no knowledge / wisdom

empty (adj): nothing

take off (v): remove

SCERT AP 7th Class Social Study Material Pdf 5th Lesson Kakatiya Kingdom Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Social 5th Lesson Questions and Answers Kakatiya Kingdom

7th Class Social 5th Lesson Kakatiya Kingdom Textbook Questions and Answers

Review Of Your Previous Knowledge

Observe the given Map and respond to the following questions.

Question 1.
Which dynasties do you observe in the given map?
Answer:

1. Rajput kingdoms
2. Delhi Sultanate
3. Eastern Gangas
4. Kakatiya kingdom
5. Hoyasalas
6. Pandyas

Question 2.
According to given map who ruled Andhra region?
Answer:
Kakatiya Kingdom.

Question 3.
Name the South Indian kingdoms in the given map?
Answer:

1. Delhi Sultanate
2. Eastern Gangas
3. Kakatiya Kingdom
4. Pandyas.

Improve Your Learning

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
How did the Kakatiyas emerge as independent rulers?
Answer:

1. Early Kakatiyas served as a feudatories to the Rashtrakutas and the Western Chalukya kings.
2. They were holding the posts of village heads called Rattadi and through their military skills became army chiefs, Samanthas, etc., and gained control over Ammakonda in Telangana.
3. The Kakatiyas emerged as independent rulers after the fall of Western Chalukyas.

Question 2.
Explain about the Kakatiya’s Administration.
Answer:
Kakatiya’s Administration :

1. The administration of the kingdom was organised on a military basis.
2. The Kakatiyas divided their territories among a number of military chiefs known as Nayankara.
3. The Nayankara had to maintain a stipulated number of troops for the services of the king.
4. The village administrative divisions were divided into two main classes, the Sthala and the Nadu.
5. The Sthala consisted of a group of villages ranging perhaps from 10 to 60 in number.
6. Nadu formed out of a combination of several Sthalas.
7. The villages were looked after by village officials called Ayagars.
8. The village was the basic unit of administration.

Question 3.
Who were Nayankara? Why were they appointed?
Answer:
Nayankara who served as a feudatory to the Kakatiyas obtained grants of lands from the Kakatiya monarchs to enable them to maintain their status.

“The skilled warriors are called Nayankar.”

They were appointed to collect the taxes and the maintain the army.

These Nayankaras were always loyal to the king or queen.

Question 4.
Describe the Kakatiya art and architecture.
Answer:
Art and Architecture of Kakatiyas :

1. The Thousand pillar temple and Ramappa temple were glorious constructions of the Kakatiya dynasty.
2. The iconic Kakatiya Toranam was built by Ganapathi Deva.
3. The scenic Pakhal Lake in Warangal is one of the famous.
4. The Thousand pillar temple has rock cut elephants and the monolithic dolerlte rock Nandi are the main attractions.
5. Ramappa temple was built with brick.
6. The carvings on them depict flowers, creepers, elephants, gandharvas, dancers, epic stories, etc.
7. Among the statues Yakshini’s and Nagini’s are most attractive.
8. Some of the pillars of that temple produce Saptaswaras.
9. Kakatiya temple architecture shows fantastic smooth carving of black-marble stone.
10. They followed Mandapa, Antaralaya and Garbha griha model with pillar sculptures. This style is called Thrikuta method.
11. UNESCO recognised this art and architecture as world heritage centres.

Question 5.
Read Introduction paragraph “During medieval period …………. art and architecture” comment.
Answer:
During the medieval period five important kingdoms are there in South India. Among them Kakatiyas are very famous.

1. Though they faced so many rampages from other kingdoms the Kakatiya’s did their best to protect their kingdoms.
2. They put more effort to promote unity among the regions which are under their control.
3. They encouraged local languages with the help of poets and scholars.
4. The protect their own architecture with the construction of temples and arches, etc.

Question 6.
Rudrama Devi, Ganapathi Deva, Prola raj II, Mahadev Rudra deva. Following rulers arrange in a chronological order.
Answer:
Kakatiya Rules:

1. Prola Raju-II : 1115-1157 C.E
2. Maha Deva : 1195-1199 C.E
3. Ganapathi Deva : 1199-1262 C.E
4. Rudramma Devi : 1262-1289 C.E

Question 7.
A European traveller visited Rudrama Devi reign. Who was he and which country did he come from?
Answer:
Marco Polo an Italian traveller visited Rudrama devi’s court.

Question 8.
Write a short note on the Economic and Social life of people in the Kakatiya reign.
Answer:
Economic Social life of people :

1. Some of the farmers get the land from the king on rent purpose these are called Artha Seeri.
2. The Kakatiyas brought large tracts of forest land under cultivation.
3. For the encouragement of agriculture rulers dug many tanks and constructured reservoirs.
4. During this period trade tax, lllari (house tax), Pullari (forest products), tax upon of flock (Addapatlu Sunkam) were imposed.
5. The imposed professional tax on artisans.
6. They appointed officials called Sunkadhikavisfor tax collection.
7. The Kakatiya kings gave much importance to foreign trade.
8. They developed Motupalli Port for this purpose.
9. In this period many women members of royal families made land grants.
10. Land, tanks, money, cattle, jewellery, etc., were donated to temple’s, brahmins and others.

Question 9.
Which regional dynasties emerged in the south India in Medieval era?
Answer:
During the medieval period five important kingdoms emerged in South India.
They are:

1. The Chalukyas of Kalyani,
2. The Yadavas,
3. The Kakatiyas,
4. The Hoyasalas and
5. The Pandyas.

Question 10.
Locate the following places in India map.
a) Godavari river b) Motupalli c) Warangal d) Devagiri
Answer:

II. Choose the correct answer.

1. Founder of the Kakatiya Dynasty was ………….
a) Gundyana
b) Recharla Rudra
c) Ganapathi deva
d) Jayapa
Answer:
a) Gundyana

2. The Kakatiyas worshipped the mother goddess ……………..
a) Ammathalli
b) Kakati
c) Tripurasundari
d) Maisamma
Answer:
b) Kakati

3. Siva tatava saaram was written by ……………..
a) Mallikharjuna Panditharadya
b) Jayapa
c) Palkurki Somanadha
d) Nanne Choda
Answer:
a) Mallikharjuna Panditharadya

4. In every village some land was kept under king’s possession it was …………….
a) Velipolam
b) Rachapolam
c) Thotapolam
d) All the above
Answer:
b) Rachapolam

5. Motupalli inscription was issued by ………………
a) Rudrama Devi
b) Rudra Deva
c) Prataparudra
d) Ganapathi Deva
Answer:
d) Ganapathi Deva

III. Match the following.

Group-A	Group-B
1. Basava puranam	a) Vidhyanadha
2. Kumara Sambhavam	b) Palkurki Somanadha
3. Nrutya Ratnavali	c) Nanne Chodudu
4. Pratapa Rudreeyamu	d) Tikkana
5. Srimadandhra Mahabharatam	e) Jayapa

Answer:

Group-A	Group-B
1. Basava puranam	b) Palkurki Somanadha
2. Kumara Sambhavam	c) Nanne Chodudu
3. Nrutya Ratnavali	e) Jayapa
4. Pratapa Rudreeyamu	a) Vidhyanadha
5. Srimadandhra Mahabharatam	d) Tikkana

IV. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. Ramappa temple is located at ………………… .
2. Vilasa Grant referred to ………………… Nayaka.
3. Rekhapalli lies in the ………………… river basin.
4. Educational institutions Ghatikas were established by ………………… kingdom.
5. Capital of Yadavas ………………… .
Answer:

1. Warangal near Palampet village.
2. Prolaya
3. Sabari
4. Chalukyas of Kalyani
5. Devagiri

Puzzle

Draw boxes with help of given clue words.

1. Early capital of Kakatiya’s (11)
2. Women ruler in Kakatiya’s (11)
3. New capital of Kakatiya’s (8)
4. Prataparudra lost his throne due to the invasion of (9)
5. Nrutya ratnavali written by (6)
6. A fortified building called (4)
7. Women ruler (5)
8. Tax on forest products (7)
9. House tax (6)
10. The place where ships are allowed (4)
11. Founder of Chalukyas (7)
Answer:

1. Hanukonda
2. Rudrama Devi
3. Orugallu
4. Ulghu Khan
5. Jayapa
6. Fort
7. Queen
8. Pullari
9. lllari
10. Port
11. Thilapa

7th Class Social 5th Lesson Kakatiya Kingdom InText Questions and Answers

7th Class Social Textbook Page No. 72

Question 1.
Have you heard any news related to ancient excavations and remains of historical monuments? Discuss in class.
Answer:
Yes, I heard some news about excavations in recent times.

Madurai: A granite plough and a tiny terracotta cubical dice have been found during the latest excavations at Keeladi ancient site in Tamilnadu.

R. Sivanatham, Deputy Director of Archaeology, State Archaeological Department, said the cubical dice has numbers one, two, three, four, five and six marked on it with depressions.

The three-sided granite plough is indicative of the fact that the people of Keeladi was indulged in farming according to him.

Think & Respond

7th Class Social Textbook Page No. 68

Question 1.
How do you think Rudrama Devi got those brave adventurous qualities?
Answer:
It was possible because that she was trained well from her childhood in the martial arts as well as in administrative skills.

They helped her to lead large armies and become a good administrator.

7th Class Social Textbook Page No. 69

Question 2.
Why did the Kakatiya rulers transfer the Nayankaras frequently?
Answer:
Nayankara were given several villages from where they could collect tax, but they did not keep the villages permanently.

They could be transferred at the will of the king to a new place.

7th Class Social Textbook Page No. 71

Question 3.
What aspects do you observe while visiting a temple?
Answer:
I observed the following aspects :

1. This temple is famous for Vishnu and Siva being combinedly worshipped in the same place.
2. Temple was built with brick.
3. The statues of this temple were made of black granite stone.
4. They used decorative art very beautifully.
5. The statue of Nandi here is very splendid.
6. Some of the pillars of that temple produce Saptaswaras.

7th Class Social Textbook Page No. 73

Question 4.
Why did all the local kings form into an alliance?
Answer:
The local kings formed an alliance to protect themselves from Muslim invasions.

Ex : Prolaya Verna Reddy and Prolaya Nayaka had joined efforts to drive the Muslim rule out from their area.

Explore

7th Class Social Textbook Page No. 64

Question 1.
Know the duration of the Medieval period with the help of your teacher.
Answer:
The Medieval period may be divided into two periods.
1. The Early Medieval period which lasted from the 6th to the 13th century and the “Late Medieval period” which lasted from the 13th to 16th century, ending with the start of the Mughal empire in 1526 A.D.

7th Class Social Textbook Page No. 67

Question 2.
Find out more details about Kakatiya Kala Thoranam from the internet.
Answer:

1. The arch was built around 12th century during the rule of Kakatiya dynasty.
2. The monument was included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage site.
3. The Warangal Fort has four Arnamental gates to the destroyed great Shiva temple which are known as Kakatiya Kala Toranam.
4. These gates or arches in the Warangal Fort are said to have similarities with the gateways of the Sanchi Stupa.

7th Class Social Textbook Page No. 73

Question 3.
Let us discuss : What do we learn from History?
a) We should know the past and act wisely in future.
b) We should learn the heritage and culture from the past
Now add your opinion ……………………
…………………………………………………..
Answer:

1. History helps us develop a better understanding of the world.
2. History teaches a working understanding of change.
3. History gives us the tools we need to be decent citizens.
4. History makes us better decision makers.

Project Work

Collect the pictures related to Kakatiya kingdom and prepare photo album.
Answer:

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 6 Ratio – Applications InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 6th Lesson Ratio – Applications InText Questions

Try This

Question
Think of some real life situations in which you have to compare quantities in the form of a ratio. (Page No. 111)
Solution:

1. Boys and girls ratio in a class.
2. Number of matches won and lost by India at World Cup.
3. Number of students come by bycycle and on foot.

Do This

Question 1.
40 benches are required to seat 160 Sfciidents. How many benches will be required to seat 240 students at the same rate ?  (Page No. 116)
Solution:
Number of benches required to seat 160 students= 40
On one bench, the number of students that can be seated = \(\frac{160}{40}\) = 4 . 40
∴ For 240 students the number of benches required = \(\frac{240}{4}\)= 60

Question 2.
When a Robin bird flies, it flaps wings 23 times in 10 sec. How many times will it flap its wings in 2 minutes ? (Page No. 116)
Solution:
In 10 sec. Robin bird flaps for 23 times.
In 1 sec Robin bird flaps \(\frac{23}{10}\) times
In 2 minutes = 2 x 60 = 120 sec Robin bird flaps for = \(\frac{23}{10}\) x 120 = 276 times

Question 3.
The average human heart beats at 72 times per minute. How maiiy times does it beat in 15 seconds ? How many in 1 hour ? How many in a day ? (Page No. 116)
Solution:
Number of beats per 1 minute (60 seconds) = 72 times
Number of beats per 1 second = \(\frac{72}{60}=\frac{6}{5}\) times
Number of beats per 15 seconds = \(\frac{6}{5}\) x 15 =18 times
∴ Number of beats per 1 hour = \(\frac{6}{5}\) x 60 x 60 = 4320 times
∴ Number of beats per 1 day = 4320 x 24 = 103680 times.

Try This

Question 1.
Population of our country as per 2011 census is about 12 x 10⁸ (120,00,00,000). If the popu-lation of our country increases by 3% every year what will be the population by 2012 ? (Page No. 126)
Solution:
Population in 2011 = 12 x 10⁸
It increases by 3%
Population in 2012 = (100 + 3) % of 2011
= 103% of 12 x 10⁸
= \(\frac{103 \times 12 \times 10^{8}}{100}\)
= \(\frac{1236 \times 10^{8}}{100}\)
= 12.36 x 10⁸ .

Question 2.
i) Can you eat 75% of a dosa ? (Page No. 126)
Solution:
Yes.

ii) Can the price of an item go up by 90% ?
Solution:
Yes.

iii) Can the price of an item go up by 100% ?
Solution:
Yes.

Do This

Question 1.
Find the interestonasum of825O for3yearsat the rate of 8%perannum. (Page No. 138)
P = ₹ 8250 R = 8% T = 3 years
Interest =P x R% x T
I = 8250 x \(\frac{8}{100}\) x 3 .
Interest = \(\frac{198000}{100}\) = 1980

Question 2.
₹ 3000 is lent out at 9% rate of interest. Find the Interest which will be reèieved at the end of 2½ years. (Page No. 138)
Sol. P = ₹3000 R = 9% T = 2½ years = \(\frac{5}{2}\),
Interest = P x R% x T
3000 x \(\frac{9}{100} \times \frac{5}{2}\) = ₹675

Do This

Question
Given below are various grids of 100 squares. Each has a different number of squares coloured.
In each case, write the coloured and white part in the form of a 1) Percentage 2) FractIon and 3) Decimal (Page No. 121)

Solution:
I) Coloured squares = 21
as a percentage 21%
as a fraction = \(\frac{21}{100}\)
asadecimal = \(\frac{21}{100}\) =0.21

ii) Coloured squares = 50
as a percentage = 50%
asafraction = \(\frac{50}{100}=\frac{1}{2}\)
as a decimal = \(\frac{50}{100}\) = 0.50

iii) Coloured squares = 69
as a percentage = 69%
as a fraction = \(\frac{69}{100}\)
as a decimal = \(\frac{69}{100}\) = 0.69

iv) Coloured squares = 8
as a percentage = 8%
as a fraction = \(\frac{8}{100}=\frac{2}{25}\)
as a decimal = \(\frac{8}{100}\) = 0.08

v) Coloured squares = 70
as a percentage = 70%
as a fraction = \(\frac{70}{100}\)
as a decimal = \(\frac{70}{100}\) = 0.70

vi) Coloured squares = 99
as a percentage = 99%
as a fraction = \(\frac{99}{100}\)
as a decimal =\(\frac{99}{100}\) = 0.99

Question 2.
Look at the grid paper given below. It Is shaded In various designs. Find the percentage of each design (Page No. 122)


Solution:
(i) 19%
(ii) 40%
(iii) 34%
(iv) 7%

Question 3.
The strength particular of a school are given below. Express the strength of each class as a fraction, percentage of total strength of the school. (Page No.122)

Solution:

Try This

Question 1.
The C.P of 12 mangoes is equal to the selling price (S.P) of 15 mangoes. Find the loss percent. (Page No. 128)
Solution:
C.P. of 12 = S.P of 15
∴ Loss = 3
Loss percentage = \(\frac{3}{15}\) x 100% = 20%

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 11 Exponents InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 11th Lesson Exponents InText Questions

Do This

Question 1.
Write the following in exponential form, (values are rounded off) (Page No. 212)
i) Total surface area of the Earth is 510,000,000 square kilometers.
Solution:
51 × 10⁷ = 3× 17 × 10⁷

ii) Population of Rajasthan is approximately 7,00,00,000.
Solution:
7 × 10⁷

iii) The approximate age of the Earth is 4550 million years.
Solution:
4550 millions = 4550 × 10,00,000 (v 1 million =10 lakhs)
= 455 × 10⁷ = 91 × 5 × 10⁷ = 5 × 7 × 13 × 10⁷

iv) 1000 km in meters.
Solution:
1 km = 1000 m
∴ 1000 km = 1000 × 1000 m = 10⁶

Question 2.
Express (i) 48951 (ii) 89325 in expanded form using exponents. (Page No. 212)
Solution:
i) 48951 = (4 × 10000) + (8 × 1000) + (9 × 100) + (5 × 10) + (1 × 1)
= (4 × 104) + (8× 103) + (9 × 102) + (5 × 1.0) + (1 × 1)

ii) 89325 = (8 × 10000) + (9 × 1000) + (3 × 100) + (2 × 10) + (5 × 1)
= (8 × 10⁴) + (9 × 10³) + (3 × 10²) + (2 × 10) + (5 × 1)

Question 3.
Is 3² equal to 2³ ? Justify. (Page No. 213)
Solution:
3² ≠ 2³
Since 3² = 3 × 3 = 9 and 2³ = 8
∴ 3² ≠ 2³

Question 4.
Write the following numbers in exponential form. Also state the
a) base b) exponent and c) how it is read.
i) 32 ii) 64 iii) 256 iv) 243 v) 49 (Page No. 213)
Solution:
i) 32 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 2⁵
Base = 2; exponent = 5; read as 2 raised to the power 5.
ii) 64 = 2 × 2× 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 2⁶
Base = 2; exponent = 6 and we read it as 2 raised to the power 6.
iii) 256 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 2⁸
Base = 2, exponent = 8 and we read it as 2 raised to the power 8.
iv) 243 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 3⁵
Base = 3; exponent = 5 and we read it as 3 raised to the power 5.
v) 49 = 7 × 7 = 7²
= 7 is the base ; exponent = 2.

Question 5.
Write the expanded form of the following. (Page No. 213)
i) p⁷ ii) l⁴ iii) s⁹ iv) d⁶ v) z⁵
Solution:
i) p⁷ = p × p × p × p × p × p × p
ii) l⁴ = l × l × l × l
iii) s⁹ = s × s × s × s × s × s × s × s × s
iv) d⁶ = d × d × d × d × d × d
v) z⁵ = z × z × z × z × z

Question 6.
Write the following in exponential form. (Page No. 213)
i) a × a × a × ………………….l’ times
ii) 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 × ……………..’n’ times
iii) q × q × q × q × q ………………….15 times
iv) r × r × r × ………………….’b’ times
Solution:
i) a × a × a × ………………….’l’ times = a^l
ii) 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 × ……………..’n’ times = 5ⁿ
iii) q × q × q × q × q …………….15 times = q¹⁵
iv) r × r × r × ……………..’b’ times = r^b

Do This

Question 1.
Find the values of 2⁴, 2³ and 2⁷ and verify whether 2⁴ × 2³ = 2⁷. (Page No. 215)
2⁴ = 2 × 2 × 2 ×2 = 16;
2³ = 2 × 2 x 2 = 8
2⁷ = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2  × 2 = 128
2⁴ × 2³ = 16 × 8 = 128 = 2⁷
2⁴ × 2³ = 2⁷

Question 2.
Find the values of 5², 5³ and 5⁵ and verify whether 5² × 5³ = 5⁵. (Page No. 215)
Solution:
5² = 5 × 5 = 25;
5³ = 5 × 5 × 5 = 125 and 5⁵ = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 = 3125
Now 52 × 53 = 25 × 125 = 3125 = 55
∴ 5² × 5³ = 5⁵

Question 3.
Simplify the following using the formula a^m × aⁿ = a^{m + n} (Page No. 216)
i) 3¹¹ × 3⁹ ii) p⁵ × p⁸
Solution:
i) 3¹¹ × 3⁹ = 3¹¹⁺⁹ = 3²⁰
ii) p⁵ × p⁸ = p⁵⁺⁸ = p¹³

Question 4.
Find the appropriate number in place of the symbol’?’in the following. (Page No. 216)
Let ‘k’ be any non-zero integer.
i) k³ × k⁴ = k^?
Solution:
i) k³ × k⁴ = k^?
as k³ × k⁴ = k³⁺⁴ = k⁷ the value of ‘?’ = 7

ii) k¹⁵ × k^? = k³¹
as k¹⁵ × k^? = k^15+?
but k^{15 + ?} = k³¹
Since bases are equal we equate the exponents
∴ 15 + ? = 31
(i.e„) ? = 31 – 15 = 16

Question 5.
Compute 3⁶, cube of 3² and verify whether (3²)³ = 3⁶. (Page No. 216)
Solution:
3⁶ = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 729.
cube of 3² = (3²)³ = 9³ = 9 × 9 × 9 = 729
Now (3²)³ = 3² × 3² × 3² = 9 × 9 × 9 = 729
3⁶ = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 9 × 9 × 9
(3²)³ = 3⁶

Question 6.
Simplify the following using the law a^m × b^m = (ab)^m  (Page No. 218)
i) (2 × 3)⁴
ii) x^p × y^p
iii) a⁸ × b⁸
iv) (5 × 4)¹¹
Solultion:
i) (2 × 3)⁴ = 2⁴ × 3 ⁴ = (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × (3 × 3 × 3 ×3) = 16 × 81 = 1296
ii) x^p × y^p = (x . y)^p
iii) a⁸ × b⁸ = (a.b)⁸
iv) (5 × 4)¹¹ = 5¹¹ × 4¹¹ = 5¹¹ × (2 × 2)¹¹
= 5¹¹ × 2¹¹ × 2¹¹ = (5 × 2)¹¹ × 2¹¹ = 10¹¹ × 2¹¹

Question 7.
Write the following, by using \(\mathbf{a}^{-n}=\frac{1}{\mathbf{a}^{n}}\) with positive exponents. (Page No. 219)
Solution:

Question 8.
Simplify and write in the form of a^m-n or \(\frac{1}{\mathbf{a}^{\mathbf{n}-\mathbf{m}}}\)
i) \(\frac{13^{8}}{13^{5}}\)
ii) \(\frac{3^{4}}{3^{14}}\)
Solution:

Question 9.
Fill the appropriate number in the box. (Page No. 222)

Solution:

Question 10.
Complete the following (Page No. 223)

Solution:

Question 11.
Write in expanded form. (Page No. 224)
i) a^-5
ii) (-a)⁴
iii) (-7)^-5
iv) (-a)^m
Solution:

Question 12.
Write in exponential form. (Page No. 224)
i) (-3) × (-3) × (-3)
ii) (-b) × (-b) × (-b) × (-b)
iii) \(\left(\frac{1}{-2}\right) \times\left(\frac{1}{-2}\right) \times\left(\frac{1}{-2}\right)\) ………………….’m’ times
Solution:
i) (-3) × (-3) × (-3) = (-3)³
ii) (-b) × (-b) × (-b) × (-b) = (-b)⁴
iii) \(\left(\frac{1}{-2}\right) \times\left(\frac{1}{-2}\right) \times\left(\frac{1}{-2}\right)\) ………………….’m’ times = \(\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{m}\) or (-2)^-m

Do This

Question 1.
Write the following in exponential form using prime factorization. (Page – 214)
i) 2500 ii) 1296 iii) 8000 iv)6300
Solution:
i) 2500 = 2 × 1250 = 2 × 2 × 625
= (2 × 2) × 5 × 125
= (2 × 2) × 5 × 5 × 25
= (2 × 2) × (5 × 5 × 5 × 5)
= 2² × 5⁴

ii) 1296 = 2 × 648 = 2 × 2 × 324 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 162
= (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × 81
= (2 × 2 × 2 × 2 ) ×  3 × 27
= (2 × 2 × 2 × 2 ) × 3 × 3 × 9
= (2 × 2 × 2 × 2 ) × ( 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 )
= 2⁴ × 3⁴

iii) 8000 = 2 × 4000 = 2 × 2 × 2000 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 1000
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 500
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 250
= (2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × 125
= (2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × 5 × 25
= (2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × ( 5 × 5 × 5)
= (2⁶ × 5³)

iv) 6300 = 2 × 3150 = 2 × 2 × 1575
= (2 × 2) × 3 × 525
= 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 175
= (2 × 2) × (3 × 3) × 5 × 35
= (2 × 2) × (3 × 3) × (5 × 5) × 7
= 2² × 3² × 5² × 7

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class English Textbook Solutions Chapter 1C The New Blue Dress Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Solutions Chapter 1C The New Blue Dress

7th Class English Chapter 1C The New Blue Dress Textbook Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What kind of street was Gates Avenue at the beginning of the story?
(Or)
What was Gates Avenue ? How was it at the beginning of the story?
Answer:
Gates Avenue was a part of the city of Cleveland. At the beginning of the story, it was dirty and ugly. It had no pavement, no running water facility and no street lighting. It was noisy also because of the nearby railway-track.

Question 2.
What happened to the Gates Avenue by the end of the story?
Answer:
By the end of the story the Gates Avenue had a good pavement, streetlight on the corner and running water facility. The houses were painted’and the surroundings were clean.

Question 3.
Why do you think the teacher gave the blue dress to the little girl?
Answer:
The teacher saw the little girl wearing the same dress over months. She understood that the little girl most probably had no other dress to wear. She was kind and sympathetic. She took pity on the little girl. So she gave her the new blue dress.

Question 4.
What change did the new blue dress bring in the little girl’s house?
Answer:
The little girl’s parents decided to keep the house and the surroundings clean. The girl’s mother put a cloth on the kitchen table. She washed the kitchen floor. Her husband repaired the fence. He made a garden with the help of the members of his family.

Question 5.
How did the change in the little girl’s house influence the neighbours?
Answer:
The neighbours watched the change in the little girl’s house. They too painted their houses and kept them clean.

The New Blue Dress Summary in English

A small good act of a person can make others good. It can change the entire complexion of the surroundings. The present story ‘The New Blue Dress” illustrates this.

Gates Avenue was a short and dirty street in Cleveland. The inhabitants of that street were poor. They never tried to improve their living conditions and better their standard of living. There was no tap water supply in Gates Avenue. There were no street lights. There was also no good pavement.

There was a little girl studying in a school in Gates Avenue. She used to wear the same dress during the spring because she had no other dress to wear. Her parents were too poor to buy a pair of new dress to her.

One day the teacher advised the little girl to keep, at least, her face clean. The girl washed her face clean and came to the class the next morning. She looked more beautiful and tidier. The teacher was pleased. She gave the girl a new blue dress. Her parents saw her in her new blue dress and they were also highly pleased. Since then the members of the family started keeping everything clean and tidy. They washed the floor, repaired the fence and made a garden. The neighbours also followed the same. The surroundings were kept clean. They painted their houses.

After a few days, a young minister of a church passed that way. With his help Gates Avenue got a good pavement, tap-water supply and a street light on the corner.

Within six months Gates Avenue was completely changed. It turned into a neat street where respectable citizens lived.

The new blue dress presented by a teacher to a poor girl could change the entire dirty street into a neat one. So we learn from this incident “A good act shall never go unrewarded”.

The New Blue Dress Glossary

running water: water coming from the main supply when taps are turned on

pavement (n): footpath

excitement (n): strong feeling

amazed (adj): filled with great wonder

decent (adj): respectable

community (n): people living in the same locality who are considered as a unit

organise (v): to arrange/to make preparation

campaigns (n): a series of planned activities to do something

spring (n): the season of flower, tender leaves and fruit

rail road (n): railway line

dirt (n): dust

probably (adv): perhaps

polite (adj): good mannered

untidy (adj): unclean

tidy (adj): neat/good looking

eagerly (adv): anxiously

rushed home: went home quickly

supper (n): night meal

watch: observe keenly

fence (n): the barrier

minister of a church (n): a priest

deserve: worthy to have

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class English Textbook Solutions Chapter 1B The Town Child & The Country Child Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Solutions Chapter 1B The Town Child & The Country Child

7th Class English Chapter 1B The Town Child & The Country Child Textbook Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Where does the town child want to live?
Answer:
The town child wants to live in a country.

Question 2.
Why is there smoke in the towns?
Answer:
There is smoke in the towns because there are buses and motors and trams, plying often.

Question 3.
There is one thing that the town child loves. What is it?
Answer:
The town child loves the sky which is far above.

Question 4.
“There is no one to play with at all”. This sentence means
a) there are no people in villages.
b) there are no players in villages.
c) the villages have lesser population than the towns.
Answer:
b) There are no players in villages.

Question 5.
What is the wish of the country child?
Answer:
The country child’s wish is that he lived in a town.

Question 6.
Which child is able to watch meadows and lambs?
Answer:
The country child is able to watch meadows and iambs.

Question 7.
Why are the lanes in the country so quiet?
Answer:
The lanes in the country are so quiet because they are not crowded with traffic and feet.

Question 8.
Why are nights colourful in towns?
Answer:
Nights are colourful in towns because of the bright and twinkling streets. There are electric lights at night in towns.

Question 9.
Pick out the rhyming words from both the poems.
The first one is done for you.

go	row
hear
bright
blue
hours
near

Answer:
The rhyming words from the poems are:

Question 10.
If you were given an option to live in a town or a country, where would you prefer to live? Give reasons for your option.
Answer:
I would prefer to live in a country. I like the greenery there. It is a pollution free place. People are innocent and courteous. It is always quiet and calm. Hence I like to live in a village.

Project

Conduct a Survey

Study the following questionnaire and discuss the points in small groups.

Contact people in your School/your locality and put these questions to them. Collect information by ticking in the relevant column.

Analyse the results in the group and write a brief report on the result of your survey.
Use phrases such as the following:
Most people think that ……………………………….
A few people think that ……………………………….
Hardly anyone thinks that ……………………………….
No one thinks that ……………………………….

THE REPORT

Most people think that home is a place where they feel secure and happy. Some people- not many-think that you can be alone at home if you choose to be. A large number of people feel that they can keep all their things at home. Almost everyone agreed that home is the place where we can bring up a family. A considerable number of persons opine that one can invite friends and relatives to home. Only a very few persons agree to the idea that one can make a noise or do whatever one likes at home. A great part of the participants are of the view that one can be at peace at home. Many people contribute to the point that home is the place where we look after parents and exchange love.

The Town Child & The Country Child Summary in English

The Town Child
The town child lives in a street full of buses, cars, producing a lot of noise and discharging smoke. The boy wishes to have meadows and lambs around. He hates those rows of houses filled with noises. He loves to have woods near. The only thing he loves in the town is the blue sky. He says the sky alone has room for him and lots of clouds.

The Country Child
The country child lives close to a wood. The streets are quiet. The lanes are not crowded. The boy wants players all around. The trees are too tall and the boy feels lonely. He has the company of just birds and flowers. He wishes to have a home in a town. He loves to watch trams all around. He longs to see colourful lights glitter at nights. He prays to have town life.

The Town Child & The Country Child Glossary

feet (n): (here) people who walk in streets

tram (s): an electric vehicle that transports people in cities

meadow (n): a field with grass and often wild flowers

castle (n): a large strong building

lane (n): a narrow road in the countryside or, in a town

twinkling (adj): shining strongly and then weakly

woods (pl.n): an area of trees, smaller than a forest

quiet (adj): silent! peaceful

lonely (adj): unhappy because you have no friends or people to talk to

wood (noun): the hard material that the trunk and branches of a tree are made of.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Triangle and Its Properties InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 5th Lesson Triangle and Its Properties InText Questions

Try This

Question 1.
The lengths of two sides of a triangle are 6 cm and 9 cpi. Write all the possible lengths of the third side. (Page No. 92)
Solution:
The possible length of the third side must greater than (9— 6) and less than (9 + 6).
∴ The third side may be 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm, 7 cm, 8 cm, 9 cm, 10 cm, 11 cm, 12 cm, 13 cm, 14 cm.

Try This

Question 1.
Uma felt that a triangle can be formed with three collinear points. Do you agree ? Why? Draw diagrams to justify your answer. (Page No. 88)
Solution:
Uma ¡s not correct.
A triangle cant be formed with three collinear points.

Do This

Question 1.
Classify the following triangles according to their (i) sides and (ii) angles. (Page No. 89)
Solution:

Two sides AC and BC are equal.
∴ ∆ABC is an isosceles triangle

As ∠E = 90°;
∆NET is a right angled triangle.

In ∆MNL,
MN = NL and ∠N = 90°
∆ MNL is right angled isosceless triangle.

Question 2.
Write the six elements (i.e., the 3 sides and 3 angles) of ∆ABC.
Solution:
The three sides \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}, \overline{\mathrm{BC}}, \overline{\mathrm{CA}}\) and the three angles ∠A, ∠B and ∠C are the six elements of ∆ABC.

Question 3.
Write the side opposite to vertex Q in ∆PQR.
Solution:
The side opposite to the vertex Q is \(\text { PR }\) .

Question 4.
Write the angle opposite to side \(\text { LM }\) in ∆LMN.
Solution:
Angle opposite to side \(\text { LM }\) is ∠N.

Question 5.
Write the vertex opposite to side \(\text { RT }\) in ∆RST.
Solution:
Vertex opposite to \(\text { RT }\) is S.

Try This

Question 1.
Rashmi claims that no triangle can have more than one right angle. Do you agree with her. Why ?
Solution:
Yes, Rashmi is correct. A triangle can’t have more than one right angle. As the sum of two right angles is 180° there will be no scope for 3rd angle.

Question 2.
Kamal claims that no triangle can have more than two acute angles. Do you agree with him. Why?
Solution:
No. Kamal is not right. A triangle can have all the three acute angles.
(60°, 60°, 60°), (30°, 70°, 80°), (40°, 60°, 80°) etc ………….

Question 3 i)
Draw altitudes from P to \(\text { QR }\) for the following triangles. Also, draw altitudes from the other vertices.

ii) Will an altitude always lie in the interior of a triangle ?
iii) Can you think of a triangle in which the two altitudes of a triangle are two of its sides ?
Solution:
i)

ii) An altitude need not necessarily be in the Interior of a triangle.
iii) Yes. In a right triangle the two sides containing the right angle are the two altitudes of it.

Do This

Question 1.
Draw ∆ABC and fofm an exterior ∠ACD. Now take a protractor and measure ∠ACD, ∠A and ∠B. Find the sum ∠A + ∠B and compare it with the measure ∠ACD. Do you observe that ZACD is equal (or nearly equal) to ∠A + ∠B ? (Page No. 102)
Solution:
For instance in the adjacent figure
∠A = 68° ; ∠B = 57°
∠A + ∠B = 68° + 57° = 125 ∠ACD = 125°
∴ ∠ACD = ∠A + ∠B

Question 2.
Copy each of the following triangles. In each case verify that an exterior angle of a triangle^ is equal to the sum of the two interior opposite angles. (Page No. 103)

Solution:
From the figures
exterior ∠B = ∠A + ∠C
∠130° = 65° + 65°
∠PQS = ∠P + ∠R also ∠YZO = ∠X
90° = 40° + 50° 120° = 90° + 30°

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class English Textbook Solutions Chapter 1A The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Solutions Chapter 1A The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse

7th Class English Chapter 1A The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse Textbook Questions and Answers

Look at these two pictures and answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
Write the differences you notice between the things you see in the two pictures.
Answer:
i) Picture-1 is the scenery of a village life.
Picture-2 is the scene of a city life.
ii) In the village we can see thatched houses.
But in the city we can see tall, multi-storeyed buildings.
iii) In the village we can see farmers, bullocks, cows and bullock carts.
But in cities we can see a lot of buses, cars and two-wheelers.
iv) The village is surrounded by beautiful fields and hills.
But the cities are surrounded by industries and workshops besides slums.
v) Villages are calm and peaceful but the cities are noisy because of heavy traffic and . industries.

Question 2.
Where would you like to live, in a town or in a village?
Answer:
I would like to live in a village.

Question 3.
Where do you think life is peaceful? Why?
Answer:
Life is peaceful in villages. The village is calm, beautiful and peaceful. It is surrounded by
pastures and fields. The people living there have cordial relations with each other.

Question 4.
Do animals feel the same like you?
Answer:
Yes. Animals also feel that life is peaceful in villages.

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Why did the town mouse want to go to the countryside?
Answer:
The town mouse wanted to go to the countryside because he had been ill with a cough and his doctor had advised him to spend a week in the countryside.

Question 2.
Describe the town mouse’s experience at the countryside.
Answer:
At the countryside, the town mouse had to drink coconut water instead of orange juice or lemonade. He did not enjoy his dinner as it consisted of the root and the sugarcane. There he had to sleep on the hard, cold ground. It was so quiet at the countryside. He felt the country a strange place. He did not like it.

Question 3.
What differences do you find between the country and the town?
Answer:
The town is full of noises. Lights are on all the time. Artificial food, cool drinks, air conditioning etc., are common. The village is quiet where clear water, fresh air and raw food greet everyone.

Question 4.
How can you say that the town mouse could not enjoy the dinner offered by the country mouse?
Answer:
The town mouse did not enjoy his dinner as it consisted of only the root and the sugarcane, instead of bread and jam, different kinds of fruit and slabs of chocolate.

Question 5.
What would happen if the person who opened the cupboard found any of the mice?
Answer:
If the person who opened the cupboard found any of the mice, the mouse that was found would be caught and killed.

Question 6.
Why did the town mouse travel in an ordinary train?
Answer:
The town mouse travelled to the countryside in an ordinary train because there was no air- conditioned coach.

Question 7.
Why did the country mouse go back to his house in the country?
Answer:
The country mouse went back to his house in the country because the town was noisy and polluted. He wanted to eat in peace but could not find that in the town.

Question 8.
How can you say the town mouse was not comfortable in the country?
Answer:
The town mouse came to the village for rest for a week. But he went back to the town the very next day. This clearly shows that the town mouse was uncomfortable in the village.

Question 9.
How are the streets of a town different from those of a village?
Answer:
There was heavy traffic of cars, buses and lorries in the streets of a town and so they were noisy and polluted. No such traffic was seen in the streets of a village and so they were quiet and unpolluted. Unlike the streets of a village, the streets of a town had many lights even in the middle of the night.

Question 10.
Describe the lifestyle of the country mouse in two or three sentences.
Answer:
The country mouse lived in a hole in a field of a village. He was in the habit of taking raw food such as roots, sugar-cane and fresh water. He lived in a peaceful and natural way.

Question 11.
“The town mouse and the country mouse did not visit each other again.” Why ? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
The town mouse did not visit the country mouse again because the country was so quiet and he had to eat only raw food there.
The country mouse did not visit the town mouse again because there the streets were noisy with the traffic of buses, lorries and cars. He could not get raw food there. He could not even eat in peace, there.

II. Choose the best answer from the choices given to complete each sentence.

1. The town mouse and the country mouse are ….
a) friends
b) cousins
c) classmates

2. The house of the town mouse was ….
a) a field in a village
b) a building in a village
c) a kitchen cupboard in a town

3. The house of the town mouse was ….
a) full of most delicious food
b) full of sugar-canes and roots
c) full of coconut water

4. At the end of the story, the country mouse ….
a) went back to his country
b) stayed in the town
c) visited the town mouse
Answer:
1. b
2. c
3. a
4. a

III. Say whether the following statements are TRUE/FALSE. Correct the wrong statements.

1. The country mouse lives in a town. ( )
2. The town mouse feels very comfortable in the train. ( )
3. It was hot when the town mouse travelled to the countryside. ( )
4. The town mouse liked to eat cooked food. ( )
5. There are more lights, cars and lorries in the town than in the’village. ( )
Answer:
1. False
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. True

Vocabulary

I. The following sentences are from your lesson. Read them carefully and tick (✓) the correct meaning of the underlined word in each sentence.

1. He has asked me to spend a week in the countryside. [ ]
(a) a land with towns and cities.
(b) a neighbouring country.
(c) a land outside towns and cities with fields, woods etc.

2. The town mouse packed his bags. [ ]
(a) put something in a container so that it can be stored
(b) put clothes etc., into a bag in preparation for a trip away from home
(c) put expensive things in a bag so as to keep them safe

3. The day was bright and sunnv. [ ]
(a) with a lot of bright light from the sun
(b) with a cool wind from the east
(c) without rain

4. He nibbled at the root and the sugar-cane. [ ]
(a) took a large quantity of food
(b) took a small quantity of food showing a slight interest
(c) took food with a great interest

5. The country mouse arrived in town. [ ]
(a) left for a place (b) got to a place (c) left a place

Answer:
1. c (✓)
2. b (✓)
3. a (✓)
4. b (✓)
5. b (✓)

II. Fill in the blanks using appropriate words/phrases given below.

Rambabu started his journey to his grandfather’s village in Prakasam District. He caught a train to reach the village. The train arrived at the station. At that time, he was hungry and thirsty. As soon as he —1— the train, he wanted to drink and eat something. So he —2— but found nothing to eat and drink. He started walking towards his grandfather’s house. On the way, he found a shop which was —3— cool drinks. He had —4— money. So he bought a cool drink and a —5— bread.
Answer:
1) got off,
2) looked around,
3) full of,
4) plenty of,
5) piece of

III. Read the following sentence from your lesson and identify the underlined expression.

He nibbled at the root and the sugar-cane. The expression sugar-cane is a compound noun. It is a combination of two nouns.
sugar + cane – sugar-cane
Now read your lesson and pick out at least two compound nouns.
cupboard, coconut water, Mouse Town, Country Mouse
Let’s form some compound nouns now.

Join each word in column-A with a suitable word in column-B to form Compound Nouns. The first one is done for you.

Grammar

I. Read the following sentences and notice the underlined words.

It’s always quiet in the country, Sometimes it is quieter than today. My grandfather says that our village is the quietest among all the villages in our district.

The underlined words are adjectives. But they are in different degrees of comparison. The first one is in positive degree: The second and the third are in comparative and superlative degrees respectively.

Positive Degree             Comparative Degree            Superlative Degree
quiet                                       quieter                                  quietest

Here is a list of adjectives. Write the other degrees of them. The first one is done for you. (Use a dictionary and check your work.)
Note: Usually short words take ‘er’ and ‘est’ as suffixes to form other degrees.

Positive degree	Comparative degree	Superlative degree
dark	darker	darkest
small	smaller	smaller
rich	richer	richest
safe	safer	safest
clever	cleverer	cleverest
tall	taller	tallest
bright	brighter	brightest
large	larger	largest
short	shorter	shortest
long	longer	longest
wise	wiser	wisest
dark	darker	darkest
hard	harder	hardest
soft	softer	softest
hot	hotter	hottest
cool	cooler	coolest
cold	colder	coldest
fast	faster	fastest
slow	slower	slowest
brave	braver	bravest

Note: Words with two or more than two syllables take ‘more’ and ‘most’ respectively in comparative degree and superlative degree.

Positive degree		Comparative degree	Superlative degree
useful		more useful	most useful
beautiful		more beautiful	most beautiful
interested		more interested	most interested
doubtful		more doubtful	most doubtful
precious		more precious	most precious
delicious		more delicious	most delicious
dreadful		more dreadful	most dreadful
cheerful		more cheerful	most cheerful
dangerous		more dangerous	most dangerous
honest		more honest	most honest
harmful		more harmful	most harmful
cunning		more cunning	most cunning
handsome		more handsome	most handsome
intelligent		more intelligent	most intelligent
industrious		more industrious	most industrious
courageous		more courageous	most courageous
famous		more famous	most famous
prestigeous		more prestigeous	most prestigeous
attractive		more attractive	most attractive
prosperous		more prosperous	most prosperous
colourful		more colourful	most colourful
poisonus		more poisonous	most poisonous
powerful		more powerful	most powerful
enjoyable		more enjoyable	most enjoyable
difficult		more difficult	most difficult
frightening		more frightening	most frightening
pleasing		more pleasing	most pleasing
wonderful		more wonderful	most wonderful
populous		more populous	most populous
remarkable		more remarkable	most remarkable
glorious		more glorious	most glorious
charming		more charming	most charming
wanted		more wanted	most wanted
injurious		more injurious	most injurious
curious		more curious	most curious

Note: Unlike the above, some words change completely in other degrees.

Positive degree	Comparative degree	Superlative degree
much	more	most
good	better	best
bad	worse	worst
far	farther	farthest
many (number)	more	most
little	less	least
few	fewer	fewest
well	better	best

Read the following sentence from your lesson and notice the underlined word.

May I stay with you?
The underlined word ‘may’ is a helping verb. It is used to take or give permission in a formal
way.
But ‘can’ is used to take or give permission in an informal way.

• Can I leave this place? ( Taking permission)
• You can go now. ( Giving permission)

‘May’ has another use also. It is used to express possibility, e.g. It may rain today.
1. May I + bare infinitive is used to ask for permissions,
e.g.: May I stay with you?
May I use your cell phone?
May I leave the class earl ?

2. Can I + bare infinitive (V1) is used to ask for permissions,
e.g.: Can I leave this place?
Can I take leave of you?
Can I use your cell phone?

3. You + may / can + bare infinitive (V1) is used to give permissions,
e.g.:
1) You may go now.
2) You may use my cell phone.
3) You may take my umbrella.
4) You can go now.
5) You can use my scooter.
6) You can lend my notebook.
4. May is used to express possibility.
e.g.:
1) It may rain today.
2) He may come tomorrow.
3) She may attend the party.

I. Read the following sentences and say what they mean. Choose the right answer from the choices given:

1. May I come in, sir? ( )
a) aiving permission
b) taking permission
c) expiring the possibility

2. Sindhu may come to India next month. ( )
a) giving permission
b) taking permission
c) expressing the possibility

3. You may use my cell phone if you need. ( )
a) giving permission
b) taking permission
c) expressing the possibility

4. Can I take leave of you? ( )
a) taking permission in a formal way
b) taking permission in an informal way
c) expressing the possibility

5. The dog may attack you if you run. ( )
a) giving permission
b) taking permission
c) expressing the possibility
Answer:
1. b
2. c
3. a
4. b
5. c

II. Rewrite the following sentences as directed.

1. The boy seems to cry if you do not buy an ice-cream for him. (Express this using ‘may’)
Answer:
The boy may cry, if you do not buy an ice-cream for him.

2. You can use my camera if you need. (Give permission using ‘may’)
Answer:
You may use my camera if you need.

3. He seems to be a nice man. (Express this possibility using ‘may’)
Answer:
He may be a nice man.

4. You want to leave the class now.
Answer:
May I leave the class, now? (Take permission using ‘may’)

5. Raju wants to use your water bottle. (Give permission using ‘may’)
Answer:
You may use my water bottle, if you need.

III. Read the following sentence from your lesson.

I wish there was an air-conditioned coach.

The above sentence expresses unreal past.
We use “ wish + subject + past tense” to express unreal past. This sentence means …. 1 am sorry there is no air-conditioned coach.
Some more examples:
1) I wish I had wings. (This means that I am sorry I don’t have wings.)
2) I wish I were a bird.
3) I wish I were the Prime Minister.
4) I wish 1 had a car.

Now express the wishes of the people mentioned below using unreal past (wish + subject + past tense). The first one is done for you.

1. Sindhu has missed her school bus. She has to go to school urgently. She wishes to have a car. How would Sindu express her wish?
Answer:
I wish I had a car.

2. Anita wants to abolish the system of exams. She wishes to be the Prime Minister. How would Anita express her wish?
Answer:
I wish I were the Prime Minister.

3. Srinu’s father has a car. He wishes to drive that car. But he doesn’t know how to drive a car. How would Srinu express his wish?
Answer:
I wish my father/I knew how to drive a car.

4. Sharmila wants to play tennis. But she doesn’t have a tennis racket. How would Sharmila express her wish?
Answer:
I wish I had a tennis racket.

5. Mahendra wants to get first rank in the class. But he can’t. How would Mahendra express his wish?
Answer:
I wish I got first rank in the class.

Writing

I. Write a letter to your friend inviting him/her to your village to spend summer holidays. Write about your family and the places where you will take him/her.

Near Ramalayam,
75 – Tyallur,
Pedakurapadu Mandal,
Guntur District.
April 18, 20xx.

My dear Guruvardhan,

I am fine and pink in health. I am doing well in my examinations. I do hope the same with you, there.

You know, our summer holidays begin on April 24. I cordially invite you to my village to spend summer holidays with me, at least for a fortnight. All the members of our family are friendly and affectionate. They treat you as one of us. You also have asked me to write to you a letter, inviting you to my house for the summer vacation. If you come over here, I can show you the beautiful locations in and around our village which you will certainly enjoy well. Besides, I can take you to Amaravathi where you can see the Amaravathi museum, the huge statue of Lord Buddha. We can also have a holy dip in the river Krishna and visit the temple of Lord Amaralingeswara.

I shall make your stay enjoyable here. Please intimate me the day when you leave for my village so that I can receive you.

Kindly express my regards to your parents and best wishes to your younger sister.

Yours lovingly,
xxx xx

Address on the envelope:

II. Imagine you were the town mouse/ country mouse and write a paragraph describing your visit.

I am a town mouse. I was born there and I spent all my life in the same town. Recently I suffered badly from cough. The doctor advised me to spend a week or two in the countryside. So I wrote a letter to my cousin who lives in a village, expressing my desire to spend a week in his village. He was very happy and invited me to his village with great pleasure. Immediately after receiving the letter I went to the village. He received me at the station. There it was very hot indeed. I was very much thirsty. I asked him for a cool drink or a lemonade. But he offered me coconut water. At dinner he offered me raw roots and sugarcane. In my town 1 usually take delicious foods such as bread and jam; cheese, and different kinds of fruits. I didn’t like the food offered to me by him. At night I had to sleep on cold and hard ground. The life at the village is very different from that of the town. There is no glitter of lights. There are no buses, cars and even two wheelers. It appears very dull when compared to the city life. There was no ready food. I had to go to nearby farms in search of food. 1 felt the village life dreadful and unpleasant. I cannot accustom with the hardships of the village life system. So I came back to the town the very next day. And I never visited the village again in my life. I thought that the city, in which I live, is the heaven on this earth.

(Or)

I am a country mouse. I live in the countryside. On receiving an invitation from my cousin, the town mouse, I went to his town. His house was at the back of a kitchen cupboard. There he received me warmly. But my head began to ache because of the noise caused by ’ the traffic of cars, buses and lorries, running in the streets of the town. They also cause air-pollution. I was also surprised to see the lights even in the middle of the night. On my asking, my cousin replied that it was common in towns. I wanted to drink some water and eat raw food like the root and the sugar-cane. But my cousin offered me ice-cold orange juice to drink. He also offered me bread and jam, different kinds of fruit and slabs of chocolate. But I could not eat any in peace because he pushed me out through a hole when somebody was opening the cupboard door. On the whole, it was not a pleasant experience and I decided not to visit the town again.

Study Skills

I. Study the table given below and observe the changing patterns of unemployment in some advanced countries. Answer the questions that follow.

1. How many countries are compared in the given table?
Answer:
Eight countries

2. What period does the table represent?
Answer:
The period from 2000 to 2006.

3. Which country has the least unemployment rate in 2005?
Answer:
Japan

4. Which country has a decrease of nearly 6% in unemployment rate between 2000 and 2006?
Answer:
Spain.

5. In the case of every country we can notice that (Choose the correct answer.)
(a) The unemployment rate is steadily increasing.
(b) The unemployment rate is steadily decreasing.
(c) The unemployment rate is fluctuating, i.e. sometimes it rises and sometimes it falls.
Answer:
(c) The unemployment rate is fluctuating i.e., sometimes it rises and sometimes it falls.

6. Which year recorded the highest unemployment rate for many countries?
Answer:
The year 2000.

7. Which country recorded the least fluctuations in the unemployment rate?
Answer:
The U.K. recorded the least fluctuations.

Listening and Speaking

I. An old student of your school visits your school. Your teacher introduces her to your class like this. (Now the teacher has to read the following information.)

My dear students! Look, who is here! This is Kumari Nithya. I am very happy to introduce her to you. She was my student; I mean, a student of this school. You know, she is now working as a software engineer in a big company. When I remember Nithya, I see a pretty little girl with two plaits sitting in the first row eagerly waiting for a chance to speak. She would answer any question at the drop of a hat.
When I talked to others, she would become restless and went on saying ma’am, ma’am, thrusting her hand into air. No wonder she passed S.S.C. in first class and scored more than 550 marks. I hope you have seen her name in our H.M.’s room, haven’t you?
Going by her marks, don’t think she is just a bookworm. She did equally well in sports and games. She led our school kabaddi team to state level competitions. There are many other things that I would like to share with you, but I’m leaving them, especially the naughty things, for her to share with you.
Now Nithya will address you. Nithya …. !

Imagine that your eldest brother has come to your school. Introduce him to your class and your teachers.
Answer:
Respected teachers ! My dear friends ! I think the person standing by my side is known to many of the teachers, here. This is Hanuman. I am very happy to introduce him to you. He is my eldest brother. He was a student of this school. He is, now, doing his engineering.
He is sharp right from the start. He has passed S.S.C. and scored more than 570 marks. I hope you have seen his name in our H.M.’s room, haven’t you? But don’t think, he is just a bookworm. He has done equally well in sports and games. If you want to know some more about him, you can talk to him. Thank you all, for giving me this opportunity.

II. Listen to the conversation between Sulochana and Madhavi.

Sulochana: Hi! Madhavi, welcome to city. How are you?
Madhavi: I am fine. Thank you. I-low about you?
Sulochana: Pretty well. Why are you waiting outside? Come in. When did you return from your village?
Madhavi: Just this morning.
Sulochana: How was Pongal?
Madhavl: It was great fun. I really enjoyed every moment in the village. I wish I could spend some more time there.
Sulochana: Oh! Did the village life impress you so much?
Madhavi: Yes, it was wonderful.
Sulochana: What fascinated you so much there?
Madhavi: Well ! It was pollution free. Fresh air, fresh water, clear sky… and what not?
Sulochana: Was there anything else?
Madhavi: Yes, I liked the green fields, strange birds, sheep, cows, bulls etc.
Sulochana: Oh! That’s interesting. Why don’t yàu take me with you the next time you go to your village?
Madhavi: Done.

Now work in pairs and talk about your experience of living in a town/village.
Answer:
Seeta: Hi, Lata! When did you return from the village?
Lata: Hi, Seeta! I came back yesterday. It was a memorable experience.
Seeta: What impressed you so much?
Lata: Everything in the village. Absolute peace, green fields, clean water, fresh air, innocent villagers and what not?
Seeta: You are carried away by your stay there it seems!
Latha: You too will feel the same way if you stay there for sometime.
Seeta: When are you, then, taking me to your grandparents’ village?
Lata: Shall go during Dasara holidays!
Seeta: Done.

(Or)

During the Pongal holidays, I visited my uncle’s village and stayed on there for a week. The celebration of Pongal in villages. I had a lot of fun and really enjoyed every moment in the village. The village life impressed me much. There is no air-pollution and sound pollution in villages. People in villages get fresh air and fresh water. There the sky is clear. I liked the green fields, the sheep, the cows and the bulls. I wish I could spend some more time there.

III. In groups, read the story once again. Decide on a scene from the story and per¬form a sport play.
(Group work – Let the students form 3 or 4 groups).

• Read the story once again.
• Identify the characters.
• Pick out the dialogues of the characters.
•  Identify the locations of the events.
• Decide scenes and setting accordingly.
• Assign roles to the members of the groups.
• Enact the drama before the whole class.

Answer:
(When the curtain rises up, the kitchen room in a rich man’s house is seen, with a cupboard. Beside it, the town-mouse (the student having this character, wears trousers with a tail hang-ing from behind it, and a shirt under a coat) appears, coughing and sniffing.)
The town mouse to himself : Oh ! I can’t bear this cough. I must phone to my family doctor for a speedy recovery.
(The town mouse makes a phone call to the doctor. After a gap of two/three minutes, the doctor (the student having the character of the doctor-mouse) comes into his room.)
Town Mouse: (seeing the doctor) Good morning doctor!
Doctor: Good morning. Why have you called me to come urgently?
Town Mouse: Doctor, I need your help, now.
Doctor: OK. What’s the problem?
Town Mouse: See, doctor, how I am coughing!
[Doctor checks his chest with a stethoscope]
Doctor: For how many days have you been suffering from cough and cold?
Town Mouse: For the last 4 days.
Doctor: Oh ! You have delayed. You should have called me as and when you were attacked with cough.
Town Mouse: Sorry doctor. I didn’t think it would last for long.
Please tell me what I should do to restore normal and good health.
Doctor: Use this medicine tonight for tomorrow, after taking a light diet.
Town Mouse: OK. Doctor.
Doctor: But one thing
Town Mouse: Tell me, doctor.
Doctor: I strongly say you need change of climate as well as change of place.
Town Mouse: You mean I need to go somewhere else.
Doctor: Yes, you have caught my point. Spend some days in a countryside where you get fresh and unpolluted air for your health. Do you have any relatives in any countryside ?
Town Mouse: Yes, I have. My cousin, country mouse lives at Mouse Cciuntry. We often write letters to each other and are affectionate to each other.
Doctor: That’s good. Then you had better leave for your cousin’s place and be there at least for a week to have a speedy recovery.
Town Mouse: OK, doctor. Tomorrow. I go there.
Doctor : OK. Now, I leave.
Town Mouse: Thank you, doctor, for your kind concern. I shall see you soon after I return from my cousin’s place.
(The doctor departs)
Town Mouse to himself: I’ll send my cousin a letter about my visiting his place and start my
journey after receiving the reply from him.
(The curtain comes down and after a gap of three/four minutes, it rises up again, showing the country mouse (the student having this character wears a white Dhoti and a white Laichi with a Kanduva on his shoulder) with a letter in his hand.)
Country Mouse to himself: Oh! This letter is from cousin, the town mouse. I shall know what he has written.
(The Country Mouse reads out the undermentioned letter, loudly)

Kitchen Cupboard,
Mouse Town.
22 March, 20xx.

Dear Cousin,
I have been ill with cough and my doctor feels I need a holiday. He has asked me to spend a week in the countryside. May I stay with you? Please give me an early reply.
With warm regards,

Yours affectionately
Town Mouse

To
Country Mouse,
The Mouse Hole,
Mouse Country.

(After reading the letter)
Country Mouse to himself: Oh ! My cousin is ill-healthy. I must send an immediate reply asking him to come over here, at once.
(The country mouse is seen writing a letter. Then the curtain begins to come down)
(Later after a gap of 3 minutes, the curtain rises up, showing the country mouse waiting for his cousin near the ‘MOUSE-COUNTRY’ board. Then comes in the town mouse)
Country Mouse: Oh, cousin! Welcome.
Town Mouse: Thank you. Sorry for keeping you waiting.
Country Mouse: No, you need not say that.
Town Mouse: Oh, cousin, I felt .rather hot and thirsty while travelling in that train. I wished I travelled in an air-conditioned coach.
Country Mouse: Are you OK now?
Town Mouse: OK. But I am rather thirsty. I hope you have something ice-cold lemonade for me to drink at home.
Country Mouse: Well, I have some water. But J can look around for some coconut water if you like.
Town Mouse (showing horror): Coconut water? Don’t you have any orange juice or lemonade?
Country Mouse: I’m afraid not. But I found a very nice piece of root toddy and a tender bit of sugar-cane. I’m sure you will enjoy that.
Town Mouse: Root? Sugar-cane? But I don’t eat raw food like that.
(Both sit under a big tree, where a large hole is seen)
Country Mouse: This is what we eat in the country. Try it. It’s not bad.
(The town mouse pretends to nibble at the root and the sugar-cane)
Town Mouse: Cousin, I want to sleep, now.
Country Mouse: You can sleep there. (showing a comer)
Town Mouse: On the ground?
Country Mouse: Yes. This is how we sleep in the country.
Town Mouse: Cousin, why is itso quiet here?
Country Mouse: You mean
Town Mouse: I mean it is rather silent here. Where are all the cars and lorries? Where are the radios and the televisions? Where are all the lights?
Country Mouse: Such things are not seen here. It is always quiet here.
(The two pretend to be asleep).
(The curtain comes down)
(When the curtain rises up, the town mouse is seen, holding a suitcase and the country mouse beside him)
Country Mouse: Cousin, today we’ll visit another farm.
Town Mouse: Sorry, cousin. But I must leave for my town, now itself.
Country Mouse: Why?
Town Mouse: I’ll catch the next train home. I have suddenly remembered that I have
forgotten something.
Country Mouse: OK. I’ll come with you to the station.
(Both pretend to be walking towards the station-side. Then the curtain comes down.)

End of the First Scene

IV. Have a discussion in the whole class on how the performance could be improved in terms of delivery of dialogues, costumes, action, settings, etc.

Teacher: Good morning, students.
Students: Good morning, sir.
Teacher: Now, we will have discussion on the first scene of our play.
Students: O.K., sir.
Teacher: Venkat, do you feel satisfied with your acting, dialogue delivery and costumes, as the Town Mouse?
Venkat: I do, sir.
Guruvandhan: Sir, I think Venkat should have been in Pyzama and Lalchi, the light clothes which may suit for an ill-healthy person.
Hanuman : He didn’t show his suffering much both in his dialogue and acting.
Teacher : Yes. T too have observed and I want to say the same.
Payan: Sir, at the countryside, we have shown only a tree.
Teacher: You mean, there should be some other. If so, what would you suggest?
Payan: I mean we should have put some grass around, making the audience feel it is a farm or field.
Teacher: Good.
Guravalah: instead of the doctor coming to the house of the town mouse, the town mouse should have gone to hospital and the discussion be seen in a hospital. Am I correct, sir?
Teacher: Chennakesava, do you agree with him?
Chennakasva: Yes, sir. I do.
Teacher: OK. You have given some suggestions for the improvement of the first scene. We’ll put them next time in the play.
Students: Thank you, sir.
Teacher: OK. Concentrate on your work, now.

V. You have already written the script for one scene. Develop the other scenes in the same manner and make it a complete script for the play.

Answer:
Script for the other (second) scene:
(When the curtain rises up, the country mouse is seen, sitting near his house, the hole at the bottom of a tree)

Country Mouse to himself: Oh ! I have hurt my cousin’s feelings and disappointed him by not pro¬viding him with what he wanted. Besides, he seemed he didn’t like qui¬etness of the countryside. That’s why he left the place the very next morning . It’s already a month since he left this place. I don’t know how he is now. I make sure he is healthy. I’ll write a letter about my visiting his place.
(After a few minutes, the curtain rises up and shows the town mouse with a letter in his hand)
Town Mouse to himself : Oh ! What a happy news it is ! My cousin wants to visit my house.
I must send him the message to come over here. I’ll send a telegram now itself.
(The curtain comes down. A few minutes later, the town mouse is seen beside a cupboard in a room. The country mouse, after a minute – time enters.)
Country Mouse: How are you, my cousin?
Town Mouse: I am fine and active now, I am very happy to see you here. How are you, cousin?
Country Mouse: I am OK. I am worried about your health. I want to make sure you are alright. That’s why I have come here.
Country Mouse: It’s already 11 p.m. Why are there lights even in the middle of the night?
Town Mouse: Oh, cousin, this is the town. Here there are lights even in the middle of the day.
Country Mouse: (closing his ears with hands)
What is this dreadful noise that never stops?
Town Mouse: That is the traffic. That is the noise made by buses, lorries, cars and aeroplanes.
Country Mouse: Oh, cousin! All this noise has made my head ache.
Town Mouse: Don’t worry. You’ll be alright soon.
Country Mouse: Could I have some water to drink?
Town Mouse: Oh, cousin, what a silly thing! You have come to my house. Then, why only water? (opens the door of the cupboard and shows the cool-drinks, juice, etc.) Look at what there is for you ice-cold lemonade, orange
juice…. Which one do you want?
Country Mouse: I don’t want those. They are not good for my health. I want just some water.
I want some water to drink and then a little bit of food to eat.
Town Mouse: OK. Have this water to quench your thirst.
(The country mouse drinks some water)
Country Mouse: Cousin, can I have some food?
Town Mouse: I have plenty of food, cousin. You can eat as much as you like.
(The town mouse shows the country mouse by opening the door of the cupboard, bread and different kinds of food items)
Town Mouse: Cousin, there are different kinds of fruits, bread and jam, slabs of chocolate and a huge piece of lovely cheese.
Eat, cousin, eat whichever you want.
(By the time the country mouse was about to take some fruits, there was a sound like thunder. The country mouse was frightened.)
Town Mouse: Run, cousin, run, run along with me into the hole.
(Later the town mouse pushed the country mouse out through the hole in the back of the cupboard. The country mouse exhibits as if his heart was beating very fast.)
Country Mouse: I am in fear, but what is it?
Town Mouse: Sssh …. Don’t say loudly. Wait here for sometime.
[A man comes into the room, opens the door of the cupboard and gets some juice. Later he goes out]
[When everything was silent again, the town mouse crept out of the hole. He was quite cheerful again]
Town Mouse: Cousin. now come out. You need not be afraid now. Come out.
[The country mouse comes to the town mouse]
Country Mouse: What was it, dear?
Town Mouse: Cousin, that was only somebody opening the cupboard. We are safe now.
[They heard the same sound and had to escape by running, two times again]
[At last, when it was completely quiet]
Town Mouse: It won’t happen again. You can eat now.
Country Mouse: (eating) But I feel I am not safe here. I am quite tired of running and hiding.
Town Mouse: I’ve also done the same, yet I am not tired.
Country Mouse: You are accustomed to doing this and living like this.
Town Mouse: Tomorrow, I’ll take you to different areas in this town.
Country Mouse: No, cousin. I want to go back to the country. I may not get much food there but at least I can eat in peace. So, please let me go there.
Town Mouse: OK. Cousin, I don’t like to trouble or pain you.
You can go there tomorrow, morning.
[The curtain comes down]

End of the play

The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse Summary in English

The town mouse lived at the back of the kitchen cupboard in a rich man’s house in a town whereas the country mouse lived in a country. They were cousins. They often wrote letters to each other.

One day the town mouse wrote a letter to his cousin saying that he was ill and wanted to stay with the country mouse in his country as he had been advised by the doctor to spend a week in the countryside. The country mouse got the letter from the town mouse. He invited the town mouse to his countryside. So he packed his bags and caught the next train to the countryside. He felt hot in train as the day was bright and sunny. He wished he was in an air- conditioned coach.

The country mouse received the town mouse at the station of the countryside. The town mouse asked the country mouse for some organge juice or lemonade saying that he was thirsty. But the country mouse offered him coconut water. The dinner that the country mouse served the town mouse at his house consisted of the root and the sugar-cane. The town mouse nibbled at the root and the sugarcane as he did not enjoy his dinner. Later he had to sleep on the hard, cold ground. The countryside was very quiet. The mouse felt it strange and did not like it. He went back to his town.

Next time, the country mouse visited the house of the town mouse. He did not like the traffic there. He felt surprised watching lights in the streets even in the midnight. The country mouse wanted some water and a little bit of food. The town mouse offered him ice-cold lemonade and orange-juice to drink. The town-mouse offered him bread and jam, different kinds of fruit, slabs of chocolate and a huge piece of lovely cheese. The country mouse had to eat and drink what the town mouse had offered. Meanwhile, they had to run for safety and hide themselves as somebody entered the room and opened the cupboard. The country mouse was tired of doing this and did not like to be there. So, he took leave of his cousin and went back to his house in the country. Since then, they did not visit each other again.

The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse Glossary

1. country (n): a village/an area outside towns or cities with fields and farms

2. affectionately (adv): lovingly/showing caring feelings and love

3. pack (v): to put clothes etc.. into a bag in preparation for a trip away from home

4. uncomfortable (adj): unpleasant

5. grumble (v): to complain about something in a bad-tempered way

6. chug (v): to move making the sound of an engine .

7. dreadful (adj): very bad / unpleasant

8. horror (n): a feeling of great shock or fear

9. lemonade (n): a sweet FIZZY drink with a lemon flavour .

10. nibbled (v): took small bites of something especially food

11. cousin (n): a child of your aunt or uncle

12. quiet (adj): making very little noise

13. strange (adj): unusual or surprising, especially in a way that is difficult to understand

14. farm (n): an area of land used for growing crops

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Lines and Angles InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 4th Lesson Lines and Angles InText Questions

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Question 1.
How many transversals can be drawn for two distinct lines? (Page No.77)
Solution:
Infinite number of transversals can be drawn for two distinct lines.

DoThis:

Question 1.
Identify the transversal in figure (1) and (ii). Identify the exterior and interior angles and fill the table given below. (Page No. 78)

Solution:

Figure	Transversal	Exterior angles	Interior angles
i)	n	∠a, ∠b, ∠g, ∠h	∠c, ∠d, ∠e, ∠f
ii)	r	∠1, ∠4, ∠5, ∠8	∠2, ∠3, ∠6, ∠7

Question 2.
Consider the following lines. Which line ¡s a transversal. Number and list all the angles formed. Which are the exterior angles and which are the interior angles (Page No.79)
Solution:

For fig. (i) P is transversal for l, m and n.
∠3, ∠4, ∠5, ∠6 are interior angles for l, m.
∠7, ∠8, ∠9, ∠10 are Interior angles for m, n.
∠1, ∠2, ∠7, ∠8 are exterior angles for l, m.
∠1, ∠2, ∠11, ∠12 are exterior angles for l, n.
for fig (ii),
line d is transversal for pair of lines b and c.
∠3, ∠4, ∠5, ∠6 are interior angles.
∠1, ∠2, ∠7, ∠8 are exterior angles.

Do This

Question 1.
Name the pairs of angles in each figure by their property. (Page no. 80)

Question 2.
Fill the table with the measures of the corresponding angles. (Page no. 83)

1. Find out in which figure the pairs of corresponding angles are equal
Answer:
In fig. (I) pairs of corresponding angles are equal. q

2. What can you say about the lines ‘1’ and ‘m’?
Answer:
l is parallel to m, fig (ii)

3. What can you say about the lines ‘p’ and ‘q’?
Answer:
In fig. (ii) pairs of corresponding angles are not equal and hence p is not parallel to q.

4. Which pair of lines are parallel?
Answer:
L and M are parallel.

Fill the table with the measures of the interior alternate angles. (Page no. 84)

Table – 2

Fig	Pairs of interior alternate angles
	1st pair	2nd pair
i)	∠3 = 105°	∠4 = 75°
	∠5 = 105°	∠6 = 75°
ii)	∠3 = 115°	∠4 = 65°
	∠5 = 105°	∠6 = 75°

1. Find out in which the pair of interior ¿ ternate angles are equal?
Answer:
In fig (i) the pairs of alternate interior angles are equal.

2. What can you say about lines ‘L’ and ‘M’?
Answer:
L||m.

3. What can you say about the lines ‘p’ and ‘q’?
Answer:
In fig (ii) the pair of alternate interior angles are not equal. Therefore p ∦ q

Try This

Question 1.
Write any five pairs of supplementary angles of your choice. (Page no 72)
Solution:
(80°, 100°), (60°, 120°), (108°, 72°) (140°, 40°). 30°, 150°)

Try This

Question 1.
Draw five pairs of complementary angles of your choice. (Page no. 71)
Solution:
The following are the pairs of complementary angles

Do This

Question 1.
Draw an angle ∠AOB = 40°. With the same vertex 0’ draw ∠BOC = 50°, taking \(\overrightarrow{\mathbf{O B}}\) Initial ray as shown In the figure. Since the sum of these angles Is 90°, they together form a right angle. Take another pair 60° and 50° and join in the same way. Do they form complementary angles? Why? Why not? (Page No. 71)
Solution:
∠AOB = 40°, ∠BOC = 50°

∠POQ = 60°
∠QOR = 50°

These two do not form pair of complementary angles since their sum is 60° + 50° = 110° ≠ 90°

Question 2.
Draw an angle ∠AOB = 100° with the same vertex O, draw ∠BOC = 80° such that \(\overline{\mathrm{OB}}\) is common to two angles. (Page No. 72)
Solution:
∠AOB = 100°
∠BOC = 80°
∠AOB +∠BOC = 180°

Question 3.
Are 130° and 70° supplementary angles? Why? Why not?
∠POQ = 130°, ∠QOR = 70°
∠POQ + ∠QOR = 130° + 70° = 200° ≠ 180°
Hence they are not supplementary angles.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 10 Algebraic Expressions InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 10th Lesson Algebraic Expressions InText Questions

Question 1.
In the expressions given below identify all the terms. (Page No. 194)
i) 5x² + 3y + 7
ii) 5x²y + 3
iii) 3x²y
iv) 5x – 7
v) 5x + 8 – 2(-y)
vi) 7x² – 2x
Solution:
i) 5x² + 3y + 7 is a trinomial
ii) 5x²y + 3 is a binomial
iii) 3x²y is a monomial
iv)  5x – 7 is a binomial
v) 5x + 8 – 2 (-y) is a trinomial
vi) 7x² – 2x is a binomial

Question 2.
Write the following expressions in statements. (Page No. 195)
12x, 12, 25x, -25, 25y, 1, x, 12y, y, 25xy, 5x²y, 7xy², 2xy, 3xy², 4x²y.
Solution:
Like terms Groups → {12x, 25x, x}
→ {-25, 12, 1}
→ {25y, 12y, 1}
→ {25xy, 2xy}
→ {5x²y,4x²y}
→ {7xy², 3xy²}

Try This 

Question 1.
i) What is the numerical coefficient of ‘x’ ? (Page No. 195)
Solution:
The numerical coefficient of ‘x’ is 1.

ii) What is the numerical coefficient of -‘y’ ?
Solution:
The numerical coefficient of -y is -1.

iii) What is the literal coefficient of ‘-3z’ ?
Solution:
z.

iv) Is a numerical coefficient a constant ?
Solution:
Yes.

v) Is a literal coefficient always a variable ?
Solution:
Yes.

Question 2.
Write 3 algebraic expressions with 3 terms each. (Page No. 196)
Solution:
i) ax² + bx + c
ii) px + qy + rz
iii) x² + y² + z²

Do This

Question 1.
State true or false and give reasons for your answer. (Page No. 195)
i) 7x² and 2x are unlike terms.
ii) pq² and – 4pq² are like terms.
iii) xy, – 12x²y and 5xy² are like terms.
Solution:
i) 7x² and 2x are unlike terms is true. Since the power of the variable x is not same in both the terms.
ii) pq² and – 4pq² are like terms is true. Since both the terms are having same variables and same exponents.
iii) xy, -12x²y and 5xy² are like terms is false. Since all the terms are not contains same exponents.

Question 2.
How many terms are there in each of the following expressions ?
i) x + y
ii) 11x – 3y – 5,
iii) 6 x² + 5x – 4
iv) x²z + 3
v) 5x²y
vi) x + 3 + y
vii) x – \(\frac{11}{3}\)
viii) \(\frac{3 x}{7 y}\)
ix) 2z – y
x) 3x + 5 (Page No. 196)
Solution:
One term – (v) 5x²y, viii) \(\frac{3 x}{7 y}\)
Two terms –  (i) x + y , (iv) x²z + 3, (vii) x – \(\frac{11}{3}\), (ix) 2z – y (x) 3x + 5
Three terms – (ii) 11x – 3y – 5, (iii) 6x² + 5x – 4, (vi) x + 3 + y

Question 3.
Give two examples for each type of algebraic expression. ( Page No. 197)
Solution:
Monomial : i) 5x²y, ii) \(\frac{3}{2}\) xyz
Binomial :i) ax + by, ii) 2z – 5
Trinomial : i) ax + by + cz, ii) p² + q² + r²
Polynomial: i) 5x⁴ – 2x² + x – 1, ii) 6 + 5x – 4x² + 3y³ – 2z⁴

Question 4.
Identify the expressions given below as monomial, binomial, trinomial, and multinomial. (Page No. 197)
i) 5x² + y + 6
ii) 3xy
iii) 5x²y + 6x
iv) a + 4x – xy + xyz
Solution:
i) 5x² + y + 6     →  is a trinomial.
ii) 3xy → is a monomial.
iii) 5x²y + 6x →  is a binomial.
iv) a + 4x – xy + xyz →  is a multinomial.

Question 5.
Find the sum of the like terms. (Page No. 200)
i) 5x, 7x
ii) 7x²y, -6x²y
iii) 2m, 11m
iv) 18ab, 5ab, 12ab
v) 3x², -7x², 8x²
vi) 4m², 3m², -6m², m²
Solution:
i) 5x + 7x = 12x

ii) 7x²y + (-6x²y) = (7 – 6) x²y = x²y

iii) 2m + 11m = (2 + 11)m = 13m
iv) 18ab + 5ab + 12ab = (18 + 5 + 12) ab
= 35ab

v) 3x + (-7x) + 8x  = (3 – 7 + 8) x²
= (11 – 7) x²
= 4x²

vi) 4m” + 3m² +(-6m²) + m² = (4 + 3 – 6 + 1) m²
= (8 – 6) m²
= 2m²

vii) 18pq + (-15 pq) + 3pq = (18 -15 + 3) pq
= (21 – 15) pq
= 6pq

Question 6.
Subtract the first term from the second term. (Page No. 200)
i) 2xy, 7xy
ii) 5a², 10a²
iii) 12y, 3y
iv) 6x²y, 4x²y
v) 6xy, -12xy
Solution:
i) 2xy, 7xy
7xy – 2xy = (7 – 2) xy = 5xy
ii) 5a², 10a²
10a -5a = (10-5) a² = 5a²

iii)  12y, 3y
3y – 12y = (3 – 12)y = -9y

iv) 6x²y, 4x²y
4x²y – 6x²y = (4 – 6) x²y = -2x²y

v) 6xy,-12xy
(-12xy) – 6xy = (-12 – 6) xy = -18xy

Question 7.
Simplify the following. (Page No. 201)
i) 3m + 12m -5m
ii) 25yz – 8yz – 6yz
iii) 10m² – 9m + 7m – 3m²
iv) 9x² – 6 + 4x + 11 – 6x² – 2x + 3x² – 2
v) 3a² – 4a²b + 7a² – b² – ab
vi) 5x² + 10 + 6x + 4 + 5x + 3x² + 8
Solution:
i) 3m + 12m -5m =(3+12-5)m
= (15 – 5) m
= 10m

ii) 25yz – 8yz – 6yz = (25 – 8 – 6) yz
= (25 – 14) yz
= 11 yz

iii) 10m² – 9m + 7m – 3m² – 5m – 8 = (10m² – 3m²) + (-9m + 7m – 5m) – 8
= (10 – 3)m² + (-9 + 7 – 5) m – 8
= 7m² + (-7m) – 8
= 7m² – 7m – 8

iv) 9x² – 6 + 4x + 11- 6x² – 2x + 3x² – 2
= (9x²-6x² + 3x²) + (4x-2x) + (-6 + 11 -2)
= (9 – 6 + 3) x² + (4 – 2) x + (11 – 8)
= (12 – 6) x² + 2x + 3
= 6x² + 2x + 3

v) 3a² + 4a²b – 7a² – b² – ab = (3a² + 7a²) – 4a²b – b² – ab
= 10a² – b² – 4a²b – ab

vi) 5x² + 10 + 6x + 4 + 5x + 3X² + 8 = (5x² + 3x²) + (6x + 5x) + (10 + 4 + 8)
= 8x² + 1 lx + 22

Question 8.
Write the following expressions in standard form. (Page No. 202)
Solution:
Expression  – Standard form
i) 3x + 18 + 4x² → 4x² + 3x + 18
ii) 8 – 3x + 4x → -3x² + 4x + 8
iii) -2m + 6 – 3m^{2 →} -3m² – 2m + 6
iv) y³ + 1 + y + 3 → y³ + 3y² + y + 1
Question 9.
Identify the expressions that are in standard form. (Page No. 202)
i) 9x² + 6x + 8
ii) 9x² + 15 + 7x
iii) 9x² + 7
iv) 9x³ + 15x + 3
v) 15x² + x³ + 3x
vi) x²y + xy + 3
vii) x³ + x²y² + 6xy
Solution:
(i), (iii), (iv), (vi) are in standard form.

Question 10.
Write 5 different expressions in standard form. (Page No. 202)
Solution:
i) ax² + bx + c
ii) ax + b
iii) 4x³ + 5x² – 6x + 2
iv) 5x⁴ – 3x³ – 2x – 2
v) px³ + qx² + r

Try This

Question 1.
Find the value of the expression ‘-9x’ if x = -3. (Page No. 203)
Solution:
The value of -9x when x = -3
-9x = -9 (-3) = + 27

Question 2.
Write an expression’ whose value is equal to -9, when x = -3. (Page No. 203)
Solution:
When x = -3, then the value of an expression 3x is -9.
∴ 3x = 3 (-3)= -9.

Do This 

Question 1.
Answer the following expressions (Page No. 206)
i) x – 2y, 3x + 4y
ii) 4m² – 7n² + 5 mil, 3m² + 5n² – 2mn
iii) 3a – 4b, 5c – 7a + 2b
Solution:
i) x – 2y, 3x + 4y = (x – 2y) + (3x + 4y)
= (x + 3x) + (-2y + 4y) = 4x + 2y

ii) 4m² – 7n² + 5mn, 3m² + 5n² – 2mn = (4m² – 7n² + 5mn) + (3m² + 5n² – 2mn)
= (4m² + 3m²) + (-7n² + 5n²) + (5mn – 2mn)
= 7 m² + (-2n²) + 3mn = 7 m² – 2n² + 3mn

iii) 3a – 4b, 5c – 7a + 2b = (3a – 4b) + (5c – 7a + 2b) = (3a – 7a) + (-4b + 2b) + 5c = -4a – 2b + 5c

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 2 Fractions, Decimals and Rational Numbers InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 2nd Lesson Fractions, Decimals and Rational Numbers InText Questions

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Question 1.
Write five examples, each of proper, improper, mixed fractions. ? (Page No. 27)
Solution:
Proper fractions
\(\frac{1}{5}, \frac{2}{3}, \frac{4}{7}, \frac{3}{8}, \frac{4}{9}\)

Improper fractions
\(\frac{7}{2}, \frac{3}{2}, \frac{9}{4}, \frac{11}{5}, \frac{8}{3}\)

Mixed fractions
\(1 \frac{2}{3}, 2 \frac{3}{5}, 4 \frac{1}{7}, 8 \frac{6}{7}\)

Question 2.
Write five equivalent fractions for. i) \(\frac{3}{5}\) ii) \(\frac{4}{7}\) (Page No. 28)
Solution:

Do This

Question 1. (Page No. 31)
i) 4 x \(\frac { 2 }{ 7 }\)
ii) 4 x \(\frac { 3 }{ 5 }\)
iii) 7 x \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 }\)
Solution:
i) 4 x \(\frac{2}{7}=\frac{4 \times 2}{7}=\frac{8}{7}\)
ii) 4 x \(\frac{3}{5}=\frac{4 \times 3}{5}=\frac{12}{5}\)
iii) 7 x \(\frac{1}{3}=\frac{7 \times 1}{3}=\frac{7}{3}\)

Question 2.
Find i) 5 x \(\frac { 3 }{ 2 }\) =
ii) 4 x \(\frac { 7 }{ 5 }\) =
iii) 7 x \(\frac { 8 }{ 3 }\) = (Page No. 31)
Solution:
i) 5 x \(\frac{3}{2}=\frac{5 \times 3}{2}=\frac{15}{2}=7 \frac{1}{2}\)
ii) 4 x \(\frac{7}{5}=\frac{4 \times 7}{5}=\frac{28}{5}=5 \frac{3}{5}\)
iii) 7 x \(\frac{8}{3}=\frac{7 \times 8}{3}=\frac{56}{3}=18 \frac{2}{3}\)

Question 3.
Find the following: (Page No. 32)
i) 3 x 2 \(\frac{2}{7}\)
ii) 5 x 2\(\frac{1}{3}\)
iii) 8 x 4\(\frac{1}{7}\)
iv) 4 x 1\(\frac{2}{9}\)
v) 5 x 1\(\frac{1}{3}\)
Solution:

Do These

Question 1.
Fill in these boxes. (Page No. 35)
i) \(\frac{1}{5} \times \frac{1}{7}=\frac{1 \times 1}{5 \times 7}\) = ……………
ii) \(\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{6}=\frac{1 \times 1}{2 \times 6}=\) = …………………
Solution:
i) \(\frac{1}{5} \times \frac{1}{7}=\frac{1 \times 1}{5 \times 7}=\frac{1}{35}\)
ii) \(\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{6}=\frac{1 \times 1}{2 \times 6}=\frac{1}{12}\)

Do This

Question 1.
Find (Page No. 39)
i) 2 ÷ \(\frac{1}{4}\)
ii) 7 ÷ \(\frac{1}{2}\)
iii) 3 ÷ \(\frac{1}{5}\) (Page No. 39)
Solution:
i) 2 ÷ \(\frac{1}{4}=2 \times \frac{4}{1}=\frac{8}{1}\) = 8
ii) 7 ÷ \(\frac{1}{2}=7 \times \frac{2}{1}\) = 14
iii) 3 ÷ \(\frac{1}{5}=3 \times \frac{5}{1}\) = 15

Question 2.
Find (Page No. 41)
i) 9 ÷ \(\frac{2}{5}\)
ii) 3 ÷ \(\frac{4}{7}\)
iii) 2 ÷ \(\frac{8}{9}\)
Solution:
i) 9 ÷ \(\frac{2}{5}\) = \(9 \times \frac{5}{2}=\frac{45}{2}\)
ii) 3 ÷ \(\frac{4}{7}\) = \(3 \times \frac{7}{4}=\frac{21}{4}\)
iii) 2 ÷ \(\frac{8}{9}\) = \(2 \times \frac{9}{8}=\frac{9}{4}\)

Question 3.
Find (Page No. 41)
i) 7 ÷ 5\(\frac{1}{3}\)
ii) 5 ÷ 2\(\frac{4}{7}\)
Solution:
i) 7 ÷ 5\(\frac{1}{3}\) = \(7 \div \frac{16}{3}=7 \times \frac{3}{16}=\frac{21}{16}\)
ii) 5 ÷ 2\(\frac{4}{7}\) = \(5 \div \frac{18}{7}=5 \times \frac{7}{18}=\frac{35}{18}\)

Question 4.
Find (Page No. 42)
i) \(\frac{3}{5} \div \frac{1}{2}\)
ii) \(\frac{1}{2} \div \frac{3}{5}\)
iii) \(2 \frac{1}{2} \div \frac{3}{5}\)
iv) \(5 \frac{1}{6} \div \frac{9}{2}\)
Solution:

Do This

Question
Find (Page No. 45)
i) 0.25 + 5.30
ii) 29.75 – 25.97
Solution:
i) 0.25 + 5.30

ii) 29.75 – 25.97

Do These

Question 1.
Find (Page No. 48)
i) 1.7 x 3
ii)2.0 x 1.5
iii) 2.3 x 4.35
Solution:
i)1.7 x 3 = 5.1
ii) 2.0 x 1.5 = 3.00
iii) 2.3 x 4.35 = 10.005

Question 2.
Arrange the products obtained in (I) In descending order.
Solution:
Arranging above answers in descending order 10.005 > 5.1 > 3.00

Question 3.
Find (Page No. 50)
i) 35.7 ÷ 3
ii) 25.5 ÷ 3
Solution:

Do These

Question 1.
Find the greatest and the smallest numbers among the following groups. (Page No. 52)
i) 2, -2, -3, 4, 0, -5
ii) -3, -7, -8,0,-5,-2
Solution:
i) 2, -2, -3, 4, 0, -5 : greatest number = 4; smallest number = -5
ii) -3, -7, -8, 0, -5, -2: greatest number = 0; smallest number = -8

Question 2.
Write the following numbers In ascending order. (Page No. 52)
i) -5,-75,3,-2,4, \(\frac{3}{2}\)
ii) \(\frac{2}{3}, \frac{3}{2}\), 0, -1, -2, 5
Solution:
i) -5, -75, 3, -2, 4, \(\frac{3}{2}\)
Ascending order = -75 <-5 <-2 < \(\frac{3}{2}\) <3 < 4 or -75, -5, -2, \(\frac{3}{2}\), 3, 4

ii) \(\frac{2}{3}\),\(\frac{3}{2}\), 0, -1, -2, 5
Ascending order = -2, -1, 0, \(\frac{2}{3}\), \(\frac{3}{2}\), 5

Question 3.
Write 5 equlvalent rational numbers to (i) \(\frac{5}{2}\) (Page No. 56)
(ii) \(\frac{-7}{8}\)
(iii) \(\frac{-3}{7}\)
Solution:

Do These

Question 1.
Which is bigger \(\frac{5}{8}\) or \(\frac{3}{5}\) ? (PageNo.28)
Solution:
\(\frac{5}{8} \times \frac{5}{5}=\frac{25}{40}\) and \(\frac{3}{5} \times \frac{8}{8}=\frac{24}{40}\)
As \(\frac{24}{40}<\frac{25}{40}\) \(\frac{5}{8}\) is bigger than \(\frac{3}{5}\)

Question 2.
Determine if the following pairs are equal by writing each in their simplest form. (Page No. 28)
i) \(\frac{3}{8}\) and \(\frac{375}{1000}\)
Solution:

ii) \(\frac{18}{54}\) and \(\frac{23}{69}\)
Solution:

iii) \(\frac{6}{10}\) and \(\frac{600}{1000}\)
Solution:

iv) \(\frac{17}{27}\) and \(\frac{25}{45}\)
Solution”

Do These

Question 1.
Identify the equivalent rational number is each question
i) \(\frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-3}{4}, \frac{-2}{4}, \frac{-4}{8}\)
Solution:
\(\frac{-1}{2}=\frac{-2}{4}=\frac{-4}{8}\)

ii) \(\frac{1}{4}, \frac{3}{4}, \frac{5}{3}, \frac{10}{6}, \frac{2}{4}, \frac{20}{12}\)
Solution:
\(\frac{5}{3}=\frac{20}{12}=\frac{10}{6}\)

Try This

Question 1.
You have seen that the product of two natural numbers is one or more than one is bigger than each of the two natural numbers. For example 3 x 4 = 12; 12 > 4 and 12 > 3. What happens to the value of the product when we multiply two proper fractions? (Page No.37)
Fill the following table and conclude your observations.

Solution:

Question 2.
Will the reciprocal of a proper fraction be a proper fraction? (Page No. 40)
Solution:
No. Reciprocal of a proper fraction is always an improper fraction.

Question 3.
Will the reciprocal of an Improper fraction be an Improper fraction?
Solution:
No. The reciprocal of an improper fraction is always a proper fraction.

Question 4.
Look at the following table and fill up the blank spaces. (Page No. 44)

Solution:

Question 5.
WrIte the following numbers in their expanded form. (Page No.44)
i) 30.807
ii) 968.038
iii) 8370. 705
Solution:
i) 30.8O7 = 10 x 3 + 1 x 0 + \(\frac{1}{10}\) x 8 +\(\frac{1}{100}\) x 0 + \(\frac{1}{1000}\) x 7 = 30 + \(\frac{8}{10}+\frac{7}{1000}\)

ii) 968.038 = 100 x 9 + 10 x 6 + 1 x 8 + \(\frac{1}{10}\) x 0 + \(\frac{1}{100}\) x 3 + \(\frac{1}{1000}\) x 8 = 900 + 60 + 8 + \(\frac{3}{100}+\frac{8}{1000}\)

iii) 8370.705 = 1000 x 8 + 100 x 3 + 10 x 7 + \(\frac{1}{10}\) x 7 + \(\frac{1}{1000}\) x 5 = 8000 + 300 + 70 + \(\frac{7}{10}+\frac{5}{1000}\)

Question 6.
Take any5 Integers and make all possible rational numbrs with them. (Page No. 54)
Solution:
Consider 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7
Ratlonalnumberare \(\frac{2}{3}, \frac{2}{4}, \frac{2}{5}, \frac{2}{7}, \frac{3}{4}, \frac{3}{5}, \frac{3}{7}, \frac{3}{2}, \frac{4}{2}, \frac{4}{3}, \frac{4}{5}, \frac{4}{7}, \frac{5}{2}, \frac{5}{3}, \frac{5}{4}, \frac{5}{7}, \frac{7}{2}, \frac{7}{3}, \frac{7}{4}, \frac{7}{5}\)

Question 7.
Consider any 5 rational numbers. Find out which itegers constitute them? (Page No.54)
Solution:
Take \(\frac{3}{4}, \frac{5}{8}, \frac{6}{11}, \frac{2}{7}\) and \(\frac{1}{5}\).
The integers are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 11.

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Question 1.
Find (i) 50 paise = ₹………….. (ii) 22 g = ………….. kg (iii) 80 cm = ………………m (Page No. 44)
Solution:
(i) 50 paise =₹\(\frac{50}{100}\) = ₹ 0.5
(ii) 22 g = \(\frac{22}{1000}\) kg = 0.022 kg
(iii) 80 cm = \(\frac{80}{100}\) m = 0.8 m

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Question 1.
Represent \(\frac{3}{4}\) and \(\frac{1}{4}\) in different ways using different figures. Justify your representation. Share, and check it with your friends. (Page No.27)
Solution:

Question 2.
Represents 2 1/4 pictorially. How many units are needed for this. (Page No. 27)
Solution:

We need 3 units to represent 2½

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Question 1.
Represent pictorially 2 x \(\frac{1}{5}=\frac{2}{5}\) (Page No. 32)
Solution:

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Question 1.
Find \(\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{5}\) and \(\frac{1}{5} \times \frac{1}{2}\) using diagram check whether \(\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{5}=\frac{1}{5} \times \frac{1}{2}\) (Page No. 35)
Solution:

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Question 1.
Write 5 more fractions between (i) 0 and 1 (ii) 1 and 2. (Page No. 52)
Solution:
i) Fractions between 0 and 1 are \(\frac{1}{7}, \frac{2}{7}, \frac{3}{7}, \frac{4}{7}, \frac{5}{7}, \frac{6}{7}\)
ii) Fractions between land 2 are \(\frac{8}{7}, \frac{9}{7}, \frac{10}{7}, \frac{11}{7}, \frac{12}{7}, \frac{13}{7}\)

Question 2.
Where does 4\(\frac{3}{5}\) lie on the number line? (Page No. 52)
Solution:
4\(\frac{3}{5}\) lies between 4 and 5 on the number line.

Question 3.
On the number line given below represent the following numbei. (Page No.53)
i) \(\frac{-7}{2}\)
ii) \(\frac{3}{2}\)
iii) \(\frac{7}{4}\)
iv) \(\frac{-7}{4}\)
v) \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
vi) \(\frac{1}{4}\)

Solution:

Question 4.
Consider the following numbers on a number line. (Page No. 53)
27, \(\frac{-7}{8}, \frac{11}{943}, \frac{54}{17}\), -68, -3, \(\frac{-9}{6}, \frac{7}{2}\)
i) Which of these are to the left of a) 0
Solution:
Left to zero are negative numbers
∴ \(\frac{-7}{8}\), -68, -3, \(\frac{-9}{6}\)

b) -2
Left to – 2 are less than – 2.
∴ -3, -68

c) 4
Left to 4 are less than 4.

d) 2
Left to 2 are less than 2.
∴ \(\frac{-7}{8}, \frac{11}{943}-68,-3, \frac{-9}{6}\)

ii) Which of these would be to the right of
a) 0
Right to zero are positive number.
∴ \(27, \frac{11}{943}, \frac{54}{17}, \frac{7}{2}\)

b) -5
Right to -5 are greater than -5.
\(27, \frac{-7}{8}, \frac{11}{943}, \frac{54}{17}-3, \frac{-9}{6}, \frac{7}{2}\)

c) 3\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Right to 3\(\frac{1}{2}\) are more than 3\(\frac{1}{2}\).
∴ 27

d) \(\frac{-5}{2}\)
Right to \(\frac{-5}{2}\) are more than \(\frac{-5}{2}\)
∴ \(-27, \frac{-7}{8}, \frac{11}{943}, \frac{54}{17} \frac{-9}{6}, \frac{7}{2}\)

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Question 1.
Write three more equivalent fractions of \(\frac{3}{4}\) and mark them on the number line. What do you observe? (Page No. 55)
Solution:
Equivalent fractions of \(\frac{3}{4}\) lie on the same mark.

Question 2.
Do all equivalent fractions of \(\frac{6}{7}\) represent the same point on the number line.
(Page No. 55)
Solution:
Yes.

Question 3.
Are \(\frac{-1}{2}\) and \(\frac{-3}{6}\) represent same point on the number line? (Page No. 55)
Solution:
Yes.

Question 4.
Are \(\frac{-2}{3}\) and \(\frac{-4}{6}\) equivalent? . (Page No. 55)
Solution:
Yes.

Question 5.
Mark the following rational numbers on the number line. (In Ex 7,3)
(i) \(\frac{1}{2}\)
(ii) \(\frac{3}{4}\)
(iii) \(\frac{3}{2}\)
(iv) \(\frac{10}{3}\)
Solution: