Students can go through AP State Board 10th Class Social Studies Notes Chapter 9 Rampur: A Village Economy to understand and remember the concept easily.
AP State Board Syllabus 10th Class Social Studies Notes Chapter 9 Rampur: A Village Economy
→ In villages across India farming is the main production activity.
→ Non-farm activities include small manufacturing, transport, shopkeeping, etc.
→ The land is the most crucial factor necessary for farm production.
→ In Rampur, three crops are grown every year
→ They are two main crops, Jowar and Bajra are one and what is the other; the third crop is the potato.
→ They have got a well-developed irrigation system.
→ The use of natural resources has not always been judicious.
→ In Rampur, about l/3rd of the population, i.e., 150 families are landless. About 240 families cultivate small plots of land less than 2 hectares in size and the remaining families are medium and large farmers.
→ Every production is organised by people or entrepreneurs combining the elements of land, labour and physical capital. These are known as factors of production
→ Farming requires a great deal of hard work.
→ Small farmers along with their families mostly cultivate their own fields.
→ There is wide variation in the duration of employment and in wages.
→ Most small farmers have to borrow money to arrange for the working capital.
→ The medium and large farmers generally have their own savings from farming.
→ Small farmers keep a substantial share of production for their own family needs.
→ The medium and large farmers usually supply the surplus to Market Yard
→ Only 25% of the people working in Rampur are engaged in activities other than agriculture.
→ They are like dairy farming, small scale manufacturing, shopkeepers and transport.
→ Factors of production: Land, labour, physical capital, working capital and entrepreneurs cause the production of goods or services are called Factors of Production
→ Land: An area of ground, especially when used for a particular purpose such as farming or building; A necessary factor for Production.
→ Labour: Workers especially people who do practical work with their hands
→ Working capital: The requirement of raw material and money which are used up in the production cycle
→ Fixed capital: Physical Capital = Tools, machines and buildings, which are not used up or consumed immediately in the production process
→ Surplus: More than is needed
→ Farm activities: The works done in agricultural fields to produce goods
→ Non-farm activities: The production activities other than agriculture, like transport, shop-keeping, etc.
→ Multiple cropping: To grow more than one crop on the same piece of land
→ Water table: The level of groundwater
→ Wages: Remuneration for labour
→ MNREGA: Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
→ Modem farming method: Involves high yielding variety seeds, assured irrigation, fertilizers and pesticides.
→ Trade: Exchange of goods
→ Production activity: The work wherein a good or service is produced
→ Natural resources: Resources available from nature like land, water and minerals, etc.
→ Skilled workers: Highly educated and trained workers
→ Unskilled workers: Not educated and non-trained workers
→ Farm labourers: Those who do not have a right over the crops grown on the land but are paid wages
→ Inputs for: Farm instruments, seeds, fertilisers, pesticides and payments cultivation to labourers, etc.
