AP SSC 10th Class Social Studies Solutions Chapter 11 Food Security

SCERT AP Board 10th Class Social Solutions 11th Lesson Food Security Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus SSC 10th Class Social Studies Solutions 11th Lesson Food Security

10th Class Social Studies 11th Lesson Food Security Textbook Questions and Answers

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Question 1.
Correct the false statements.
(a) Increase in food production alone ensures food security.
Answer:
It is not sufficient that there is increase in food production. Everyone should be able to buy them for consumption.

(b) It is important to encourage mono-crop cultivation to ensure food security.
Answer:
Encouraging mono-crops will not serve the purpose of food secuirty. It makes the soil lose its ife&ility. Care must be taken to encourage farmers to go for agricultural diversification.

(c)
Low-calorie intake is higher among people with low income.
Answer:
It is correct.

(d) Legislations have an important role to play in ensuring food security.
Answer:
It is correct. Those legislations are needed to be executed in a heartful manner.

(e) PDS system could be used to address the issue of child nutrition.
Answer:
To address the issue of child nutrition PDS could be used. Anganwadis and Mid-day meals are. serving the needs of children. Their parents shall be made to have the purchasing power to sufficient food with secured access.

Question 2.
The consumption of calories has consistently ——– in rural areas. The average per capita calorie consumption in 2004-05 is ——– than the required calories. The minimum calorie consumption for persons living in urban areas is 2100 calories. The difference between actual calorie consumption in 2004-05 and the required calorie consumption in urban areas is ——–.
Answer:
(i) decreased
(ii) less
(iii) 300 calories

Question 3.
Supposing the foodgrain production has been affected in a particular year, because of a natural calamity. In what ways can the government ensure higher availability of foodgrains for the year?
Answer:

1. The food production has been affected in a particular year, because of natural calamity.
2. The government ensures higher availability of foodgrains for the year in different ways.
3. It could arrange from stocks with it.
4. It could arrange from imports i.e., increasing the amount of foodgrains compared to the exports.
5. Encouraging the farmers who suffered in calamity with waiver of taxes and providing free inputs.
6. Insuring the crops all the time by paying the premium by government itself.

Question 4.
Use an imaginary example from your context to describe the relationship between underweight
and access to food.
Answer:

1. There is some relationship between underweight and access to food.
2. If we have access to sufficient food with required calorific values, there is no question of underweight.
3. No one would have a lower weight if he/she had access to adequate food.
4. The purchasing power of people is also related with weight.
5. Madhavaiah and his family earns monthly Rs. 6000 and with a rented house and medication to parents, he can only afford less amount on food apart from educating his children.
6. Thus, all his family members do not consume sufficient calories food, which resulted in underweight.
7. They are even prone to diseases.

Question 5.
Analyse a week’s food habit of your family. Create a table to explain nutrition elements included in it.
Answer:

Question 6.
Describe the relationship between increase in food production and food security.
Answer:

1. Producing a sufficient amount of foodgrains is an important requirement of food security.
2. The government creates conditions so that farmers are able to produce an increasing amount of foodgrains.
3. The necessary inputs to agriculture are to be provided in a judicious manner.
4. To expand the irrigation and water is to be made available to all.
5. It is not sufficient to produce food grains and other items.
6. Everyone should be able to buy them for consumption.

Question 7.
Give reasons to argue for the following statement “Public Distribution system can ensure better food security for people”.
(OR)
“Central and State Governments purchase one-third of food grains from farmers. Through different programmes, these food grains are distributed to people.”
Do you think that the public distribution system managed by the government is providing proper food security? Express your opinion in an elaborate manner.
Answer:

1. The Indian government came out with a new law in 2013 called the National Food Security Act to legalise peoples’ Right to Food.
2. This food security bill covers nearly 70% of people of the country.
3. They will be given rice, wheat and millets at subsidised prices of Rs. 3. Rs. 2 and Rs. 1 respectively.
4. Every person of low income families is entitled to 5 kg of foodgrains at subsidised price.
5. Among poor families, the poorest ones are entitled to 35 kilograms of foodgrains.
6. 75% of rural population and 50% of urban population will be covered under this scheme.
7. It will provide cooked meals for pregnant women, lactating mothers, children between 1-6 years and mid-day meals to children of 6-14 years.
8. If the government is not able to arrange foodgrains, it will give cash for the people to buy food grains. Thus, public food distribution can ensure better food security for people.

Question 8.
Below poster what indicates about food security.
Answer:
The above poster indicates :

1. Every night one in seven of us goes to bed with hungry.
2. We know that it doesn’t have to be happend in this way.
3. We wake up with this situation.
4. So food security is very important in our life.

Question 9.
Make similar posters about food security.
Answer:

10th Class Social Studies 11th Lesson Food Security InText Questions and Answers

10th Class Social Textbook Page No. 146

Question 1.
Examine the given graph and fill in the blanks.
The food grains production has grown over the period 1970-71 to ——–. Paddy production increased from about 40 million tonnes in 1970-71 to about ——– million tonnes in 2010-11. Another important food crop that witnessed rapid increase in production during this 40 years period was ——–. Compared to paddy and wheat the production of ——– did not increase during 1970-2011. This could be due to ——–.
Answer:
The food grains production has grown over the period of 1970-71 to 2010-11. Paddy production increased from about 40 million tonnes in 1970-71 to about 96 million tonnes in 2010-11. Another important food crop that witnessed rapid increase in production during this 40 years period was wheat. Compared to paddy and wheat the production of jowar did not increase during 1976-2011. This could be due to dry land agriculture.

Question 2.
Read again the section on “Land and other natural resources” In chapter 9, What are the possible ways of increasing production of crops from land?
Answer:

1. After going through “Land and other natural resources” in chapter 9, there are a few possible ways of increasing production of crops from land.
2. One way is to grow more than one crop on the same piece of land.
3. It is the most common way of increasing production from land.
4. The other way is to grow three different crops in a year due to the well-developed irrigation system.
5. Electric tubewells could irrigate much larger area of land easily.
6. Increasing the production with intensive use of natural resources like land and water.

(OR)
The possible ways of increasing production of crops from land.

1. Mechanization
2. High yield varieties, which were the basis of the green revolution.
3. Fertilizers
4. HW of seeds
5. Increased plant density.
6. Growing three different crops in a year due to the well developed irrigation system.
7. Electric tube wells could irrigate much larger area of land easily.

10th Class Social Textbook Page No. 147

Question 3.
Describe the per hectare yield of paddy and wheat by filling the following passage.
Two crops ——– and ——– always had low yield when compared with paddy and wheat. Yet both these crops have shown slow increase in yield in recent years.
Answer:
Two crops jowar and oil seeds always had low yield when compared with paddy and wheat. Yet both these crops have shown slow increase in yield in recent years.

Question 4.
Why should attention be given to increase the yield of jowar? Discuss.
Answer:

1. Jowar is the poor man’s food.
2. It is the third most important food crop ranking next to rice and wheat in both area and production.
3. It is a rainfed crop mostly grown in moist areas which hardly need irrigation.
4. Maharashtra is the largest producer of jowar, followed by Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Madhya Pradesh.
5. Only half of the jowar crop area is being cultivated with High Yielding Varieties seeds.
6. As it does not need irrigation, use of HYVs can be increased, thus we should give attention to increase the yield of jowar.

(OR)

1. Jowar is a highly nutritious food.
2. To increase the availability of food grains, and food security.
3. Not necessary to use of pesticides, fertilizers and insecticides.
4. Even though where the water availability is very low this crop is also suitable.
5. Jowar has more demand in the market.

Question 5.
What factors have contributed to the high growth of paddy and wheat yields over a long period?
Answer:

1. Many factors have contributed to the growth of paddy and wheat yields over the long period.
2. The rice and wheat are cultivated in India by intensive and unscientific application of chemical fertilizers and insecticides have led to the continuous increase in the yield levels.
3. Development of a dense network of canal irrigation and tubewells helped the growth in yieds of rice and wheat.
4. The use of High Yielding Varieties of seeds under Green Revolution helped the growth in yields of rice and wheat.
5. They provide for larger amounts of grains as the stalks are short and a short period of maturity of the crop in most cases.

10th Class Social Textbook Page No. 148

Question 6.
Complete the following table.
Answer:

Question 7.
Based on your calculations, fill in the blanks:
The per person availability of food grains _____ (increased/decreased) between 1971 and 1991 but was _____ lower/higher) in 2011. This happened despite shown in population growth in recent decades. In the future, the government must ensure higher availability through _____.
Answer:
The per person availability of food grains increased between 1971 and 1991 but was lower in 2011. This happened despite slowdown in population growth in the recent decades. In future, the government must ensure higher availability through selling from its existing stocks.

10th Class Social Textbook Page No. 150

Question 8.
Underline words and sentences that deal with agricultural diversification and explain why are these essential for Indian farmers.
Answer:
Water development – technology – cash crops – vegetables – dairying – best pulse seeds – second crop – yields – a plan and government effort.

• The bank gave credit to them for water development.
• The technology is fairly good.
• They take more money from cash crops and it is vegetables all the way.
• A great thing that happened on the way was dairying.
• Farmers know the best pulse seeds come from Maharashtra.
• The second crop, if any, depending on the rains.
• Yields are low.
• Without a plan and government effort it would be a cruel joke to talk about diversification to them.

Question 9.
Write a description about agricultural diversification for your own village or any village that you know about.
Answer:
Velpur has most of the lands with black cotton soils. There are a few rainfed streams for irrigation water. Rice is cultivated as the primary crop. Cotton is cultivated as the second crop. The seeds for these crops are collected from corporate seed companies. Most of the villagers own few buffaloes. They are much interested in dairying. Some part of the land is used to keep grass which is to be used as the fodder to the cattle.
When there was a shortage of rainfall, the crops are damaged and they do not yield good crop. Along with cotton, chillies are also grown in large scale. People are taking up the works of agriculture with much of the usage of technology. A proper plan from the government and its efforts are enabling this village to experience the agricultural diversification.

10th Class Social Textbook Page No. 151

Question 10.
Recall the discussion on Public Distribution System in Class VIII. How is PDS related to food security of the people in the country ?
Answer:

1. PDS has played a crucial role in reaching food to everyone both in the rural and urban areas.
2. Around 1997, government decided that ration shops should cater mainly to the poor.
3. Governments buy foodgrains from farmers and supply these to the ration shops.
4. Ration shops keep stocks of foodgrains and these items are then sold to people.
5. Prices at the ration shops are meant to be lower than the prices in the market.
6. The government is trying to provide food to all.
7. The government stakes a lot of amount in purchasing food from farmers and wholesalers and selling them at subsidised prices.
8. Thus, PDS is thriving for food security of the people in the country.

Question 11.
Observe the following graph and fill in the blanks.
Percentage Share of Purchases from PDS, rice and wheat, 2009-10.

(a) Fill in the blanks.
For all India, —— percent of peoples’ total consumption of rice and —— percent of peoples total consumption of wheat are purchased from the ration shops. This shows that people have to buy most of their foodgrain requirements from ——. However, there are several well-performing states like —— and ——. And some states like ——, ——, —— where PDS hardly seems to be fulfilling peoples’ needs for food grains.
Answer:
For all India, 39 percent of peoples’ total consumption of rice and 28 percent of people’s consumption of wheat are purchased from the ration shops. This shows that people have to buy most of their food grain requirements from market. However, there are several well-performing states like Tamil Nadu and combined Andhra Pradesh. And some states like Bihar, Rajasthan and Punjab where PDS hardly seems to be fulfilling peoples’ needs for food- grains.

10th Class Social Textbook Page No. 155

Question 12.
How can an effective Anganwadi center deal with such a situation for a locality? Discuss.
Answer:

1. Out of 7000 children, in the age group of 1 – 5 years, examined in the survey of NIN (National Institute of Nutrition) from many states in the country, 45% of children are underweight.
2. Their weight was less than what is expected by normal standards.
3. These children are in fact hungry and not getting adequate food.
4. Unless they are severely underweight it may not be easily visible or identifiable.
5. In such circumstances an effective anganwadi center in such locality would provide the children nutritious food.
6. Its teachers are supposed to go to every household where children are present and supply them this food.
7. Make their parents to know about the losses of sustained underweight of children and educate them to provide their children with nutritious food.

Question 13.
What overall conclusions can you draw from these statistics? Write a paragraph.

Answer:
When weight is plotted against age nearly 45% of children in the country are under weight. It means that they cannot study, work or perform physical activities. They do not grow as quickly as healthy children. Their immune system is weakened. When height is plotted against age 41% of children not up to the height they have to be. It seems their growth is affected and short for their age. They are difficult to cover this. When weight is plotted against height 21% children are not with weight they are supposed to be. With sufficient food they can cover this up.

Project work

Read the following poem, Aai. Can you write a poem relating to any aspect of food security?

Answer:
Some Quotes on Food Security: