Class 8

AP State Syllabus AP Board 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions Chapter 13 The Indian Constitution.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions 13th Lesson The Indian Constitution

Question 1.
Write some of the inequalities prevalent in our society at the time of Independence.
Answer:

1. Economic inequalities
2. Social inequalities

Question 2.
Write some of the discriminations prevalent in our society at the time of Independence.
Answer:

1. Racial discrimination
2. Gender discrimination

Question 3.
“A Constitution is a set of rule. ” Write any two rules.
Answer:

1. How the country should be governed,
2. How the government should be formed.

Question 4.
Why do you think the kings were allowed to nominate members to the Constitutent Assembly?
Answer:
The kings were familiar with the ideas of their people. They could integrate the ideas of their people. So the kings were allowed to nominate members to the Constituent Assembly.

Question 5.
Why do you think there were so few women members? Do you think it would have been better if there had been more women members?
Answer:
At that time the educated women and the women politicians were very less in number. Even today we are fighting for 33% of women reservations. So there were so few women members. Yes, I think it would have been better if there had been more women members.

Question 6.
Which of the guiding principles in the Objective Resolution, do you think is the most important?
Answer:
“Welfare of all mankind” – This guiding principle in the Objective Resolution is the most important.

Question 7.
Why is it necessary for an elected parliament to make laws?
Answer:
Our constitution provides us a parliamentary form of government. The Parliament, consisting of representatives of the people makes laws. These laws are according to the needs and views of the citizens/people. Judiciary comments on this.

Question 8.
Why do you think the Prime Minister and his Cabinet should get their decisions and actions approved by the Parliament and answer the questions raised by the members of Parliament?
Answer:
The Prime Minister and the Cabinet are answerable to the Parliament. The members of Parliament are the representatives elected by the civilians directly. So they are answerable to them.

Question 9.
Some countries have a different structure, in which there is only a central government which makes laws for the entire country and governs all the provinces or states. Do you think such a system is suited for India?
Answer:
India is a land of many diversities. Different regions have different cultures. All these things should be taken into consideration to make laws. So such system is not suited for India.

Question 10.
Discuss why the courts and judges should be independent of the state and central government authorities.
Answer:
To safeguard the Constitution, the courts and judges should be independent. Otherwise there is a chance of sidetrack. So they should be independent.

Question 11.
Why should the Election Commission be autonomous?
Answer:
The Election Commission should be autonomous to conduct free and fair elections.

Question 12.
Read the section ‘Dream and Promise’ again. Draw a table with statements that you consider as dream in the first column and promise in second column.
Answer:

Dream	Promise
1) Release India from all thraldom and patronage.	1) No room for the curse of untouchability.
2) Land of no classes.	2) Or the curse of intoxicating drinks and drugs.
3) Perfect harmony.	3) Women will enjoy the same rights as men.
4) One man, one vote and one vote, one value.	4) Political equality.
5) Service of India, never ending work.	5) The ending of inequalities, to wipe every tear from every eye.

Question 13.
Observe the following picture and write your comments.

Answer:
This picture belongs to the celebrations of 26th January, the Republic Day. These are NCC students/cadets. They are marching in daylight without gender discrimination. Their faces are bright with self-reliance.

Question 14.
Match the names of the leaders with their photos.

Answer:
1) D,
2) C,
3) A,
4) B

Question 15.
Which aspects of the dreams and promises can you identify in the words used in preamble? Create a chart to show the relationships.
Answer:

Question 16.
Read the following passage.
When India gained its freedom from colonial rule it was decided to put together basic principles for which we stood and principles and procedures by which our country would be ruled. These were written down in a book called the ‘Constitution of India’.

A Constitution is a set of rules about how the country should be governed- how the laws that run it would be made or changed, how the government should be formed, what would be the role of the citizens, what would be their rights, etc. Above all, the Constitution sets before the country the goals for which the country has to strive.

Now answer the following questions:
1. From whom did India gain freedom?
Answer:
India gained its freedom from colonial rule.

2. Where were the basic principles and procedures written?
Answer:
These were written in a book called The Indian Constitution’.

3. “A Constitution is a set of rule.” Write any two rules.
Answer:

1. How the country should be governed?
2. How the government should be formed?

4. Above all the Constitution sets before the country ———– the for which the has to strive.
Answer:
goals.

Question 17.
Read the following passages.

Some of you may have noticed a name missing from the sketches of the makers of the Constitution: Mahatma Gandhi. He was not a member of the Constituent Assembly. Yet there were many members who followed his vision. Writing in the magazine Young India in 1931, he had spelt out what he wanted the Constitution to do:
I shall strive for a Constitution which will release India from all thraldom and patronage… I shall work for an India in which the poorest shall feel that it is their country in whose making they have an effective voice; an India in which there shall be no high class and low class of people; an India in which all communities shall live in perfect harmony. There can be no room in such an India for the curse of untouchability or the curse of the intoxicating drinks and drugs. Women will enjoy the same rights as men… I shall be satisfied with nothing else. – Mahatma Gandhi
Now answer the following questions :
1. Whose name was missing from the sketches of the making of the Constitution?
Answer:
The sketch of Mahatma Gandhi.

2. Where was the dream written?
Answer:
In a magazine called ‘Young India’.

3. Whose dream was this?
Answer:
This was the dream of Mahatma Gandhiji.

4. There can be no room in such an India for the curse of ———–, ———– and ———–.
Answer:
Untouchability, drinks, drugs

5. ———– will enjoy the same rights as men.
Answer:
Women.

Question 18.
Locate the following in the given World map.

1. India
2. South Africa
3. U.S.A.

Answer:

AP State Syllabus AP Board 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions Chapter 12 Freedom Movement in Hyderabad State.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions 12th Lesson Freedom Movement in Hyderabad State

Question 1.
Was there any difference between the attitude of the British and the Nizams when it came to democracy?
Answer:
No. Both suppressed the people.

Question 2.
Write any two demands of Andhra Maha Sabha in 1935.
Answer:
The demands of Andhra Maha Sabha in 1935:

1. Compulsory primary education should be implemented.
2. Mother tongue (Telugu) should be the medium of instruction.

Question 3.
What are the languages spoken in your area?
Answer:
Telugu, Urdu and Hindi are the languages mostly spoken in our area.

Question 4.
What is the medium of teaching in schools and colleges today in our state?
Answer:
The mediums of teaching in schools and colleges today are Telugu and Urdu. There are many schools also which teach in other statutory languages.

Question 5.
Do you think all teaching should be done in one’s mother tongue?
Answer:
No. I don’t think so. The teaching should be in their own mother tongue.

Question 6.
Why do you think it is important to publish books in mother tongues?
Answer:
Books are knowledge giving ones. If they are in other languages, nobody can read them. So to attain knowledge it is important to publish in mother tongues.

Question 7.
Why do you think the doras who were Hindus helped the Razakars?
Answer:
Doras, who were Hindus, ruled as dictators. Razakars also had anti-democratic views and they fought the democratic political parties and communist led peasants. Hence, Doras supported and helped the Razakars.

Question 8.
Why do you think the Nizam rule ended on 26th January 1950?
Answer:
The Constitution of India came into force on that day. So we can say that the Nizam rule ended on 26th January, 1950.

Question 9.
What was the role of women in Telangana Armed struggle?
Answer:
Women in the Telangana Struggle:
Women suffered most under the rule of Nizams and doras. They were constantly harassed. They not only had to work for the landlords but also to serve the visiting officials. Many women were made slaves of the landlords. Such women attended the night schools of Andhra Maha Sabha and decided to join the Sanghams and the Communist Party. Some of them took arms and fought the Razakars, some of them sang songs and inspired people, some of them acted as doctors and nurses. But they had to make supreme sacrifices for the sake of the movement.

Question 10.
What were the demands of the Andhra Maha Sabha in 1935?
Answer:
The demands of Andhra Maha Sabha in 1935:

1. Compulsory primary education should be implemented.
2. Mother tongue (Telugu) should be the medium of instruction.
3. The legitimate rights of the people in Jagirs should be protected.
4. Child marriages should be discouraged.
5. Local Self Government should be introduced.
6. Untouchability should be eradicated and the untouchables should be given due place in the society.

Question 11.
How was the Telangana Armed Struggle in 1947-48?
Answer:
The movement was transformed in 1947-48 into a broad anti-Nizam and anti-feudal struggle demanding merging of Hyderabad with independent India. The people burnt the records of the village officials and moneylenders and seized the grains hoarded by the landlords and the merchants. To broaden the scope of the movement and integrate various sections into it, the demand was raised to merge Telangana with the other Telugu speaking regions to create Vishal Andhra.

Question 12.
How was the Hyderabad state merged in India?
Answer:
When India became independent in 1947, Osman Ali Khan, the Nizam wanted Hyderabad to remain as an independent kingdom. The common people of the state wanted to join Independent India and a large campaign was organized by the Hyderabad State Congress led by Ramananda Theertha. The Razakars attacked them too. Then the Indian government decided to end this anarchy and sent armed forces to Hyderabad. Hyderabad was finally integrated into Indian Union in September 1948.

Question 13.
You read about the demands of Andhra Maha Sabha (1935). Explain in what way the demands are being implemented now.
Answer:

1. Compulsory Primary Education is implemented (RTE Act)
2. Telugu Medium schools are established.
3. All people have legitimate rights irrespective of caste, race, religion and region.
4. Child marriages are banned.
5. Now untouchability is a crime. They are given due place in the society.

Question 14.
Observe the map and fill in the blanks.

1. Hyderabad was in ———–.
2. ———– Green colour (Refer to textbook on P.No. 140) indicates
3. Aurangabad is present in ———–.
4. The Presidency on West side was ———–.
5. The South-west part was ———–.

Answer:

1. Surf-e-Khas
2. Samsthanas
3. Maharashtra
4. Bombay Presidency
5. Jagir.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions Chapter 11B National Movement: The Last Phase 1919-1947.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions 11th Lesson National Movement: The Last Phase 1919-1947

Question 1.
Do you think it is right to give the police such powers to suppress revolts?
Answer:
Terrorism and showing anger through demonstrations are two delicate issues. The police should recognize the tenderness and difference between these two. Then only it is right to give such powers.

Question 2.
“On August 23rd, 1945, Subhash Chandra Bose is reported to have lost his life in an air crash while going from Bangkok to Tokyo,”
Why is the death of Subhash Chandra Bose not confirmed?
Answer:
The death of Subhash Chandra Bose is a puzzle till today. Many people believe that he died on that day. The Indian government appointed 3 commissions on this issue. But it is not yet decided and confirmed.

Question 3.
Who was Subhash Chandra Bose?
Answer:
He was a Swarajist and a radical nationalist.

Question 4.
What is the meaning of ‘Azad Hind‘?
Answer:
Independent Bharath.

Question 5.
When was the Indian flag hoisted in Kohima?
Answer:
It was hoisted in March, 1944.

Question 6.
What are the names of two cities that affected with Atom Bombs in World War II?
Answer:
Hiroshima and Nagasaki are the two cities that affected with Atom Bombs in World War II.

Question 7.
Why do you think people were so much against such laws during the freedom movement?
Answer:

1. Most of the police and higher officials were Britishers at that time.
2. It was most difficult for the people to been the dictatorship.
3. Introducing such laws at that time was like pouring ghee into the fire.

So they were against such laws.

Question 8.
Describe communalism and secularism.
Answer:
Communalism believes in the promotion of the interest of a particular religious community and not the general interests of all. It also believes that the state and government should be run keeping in mind the interest of that particular religious group. This is in contrast to nationalism which believes that the nation is above individual communities and represents the interests of all people including those who may not have any religion at all. This view is also called ‘Secular’ as it holds that the government should neither interfere in the affairs of a religion nor allow any religion to interfere with the government.

Question 9.
Write about Subhash Chandra Bose and INA.
Answer:
Subhash Chandra Bose had been a Swarajist and a radical nationalist. He organized the Indian National Army (INA) with the cooperation of Rash Bihari Bose in Burma and Andamans. The INA consisted of more than sixty thousand soldiers. He received the help of the Japanese in this fight. On 21 st October 1943, the provisional Government of Independent India (Azad Hind) was set up in Singapore. On March 18th, 1944 the INA crossed the frontiers of Burma and entered India with a slogan “Dilli Chalo” – (on to Delhi).
In March 1944, the Indian Flag was hoisted in Kohima. But with the change of fortunes in the war, the launching of a counter-offensive by the British in the winter of 1944-45 and the final defeat of Japan in the Second World War the INA movement collapsed. On August 23rd, 1945, Subhash Chandra Bose is reported to have lost his life in an air crash while going from Bangkok to Tokyo.

Question 10.
The radicals and radical organizations helped the freedom struggle to attain freedom. Explain it.
Answer:
The period after 1940 was characterised by intensive activities of radical organisations like the Communist party, trade unions, women’s organisations, kisan sabhas and dalit organisations. They mobilised the poor and marginalized peasants and workers, tribals and dalits not only against the British but also against the local exploiters like moneylenders, factory owners and upper caste landlords. They were keen that in the new independent India their interests should be properly represented and their long years of suffering should end and they should get equal rights and opportunities. The national movement which was till then dominated by upper class people gained a new dimension and energy which eventually helped to throw out the British rule.

Question 11.
Read the following passages and answer the questions.
Subhash Chandra Bose and INA
Subhash Chandra Bose had been a Swarajist and a radical nationalist. He organized the Indian National Army (INA) with the cooperation of Rash Bihari Bose in Burma and Andamans. The INA consisted of more than sixty thousand soldiers. He received the help of the Japanese in this fight. On 21st October 1943, the provisional Government of Independent India (Azad Hind) was set up in Singapore. On March 18th 1944 the INA crossed the frontiers of Burma and entered India with a slogan “Dilli Chalo” – (on to Delhi).
In March 1944, the Indian Flag was hoisted in Kohima. But with the change of fortunes in the war, the launching of a counter-offensive by the British in the winter of 1944-45 and the final defeat of Japan in the Second World War the INA movement collapsed.
1. Who was Subhash Chandra Bose?
Answer:
He was a Swarajist and a radical nationalist.

2. Whose cooperation was taken to organise INA?
Answer:
The cooperation of Rash Bihari Bose was taken.

3. Who helped Bose in this fight?
Answer:
Japan helped Bose in this fight.

4. What is the meaning of ‘Azad Hind’?
Answer:
Independent Bharath

5. When was the Indian flag hoisted in Kohima?
Answer:
It was hoisted in March, 1944.

Question 12.
Read the following passage and answer the questions.
Germany led by Hitler and his Nazi party wanted to gain control over the whole world and declared war on Britain, France, USSR, and other countries. USA joined on the side of England, France and USSR (called Allied Countries). Germany was supported by Japan and Italy. One of the worst wars in human history broke out in 1939 and lasted till 1945 when USSR’s armies captured Berlin and the USA dropped atom bomb over Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan. Most people who cherished the values of democracy and freedom op-posed Hitler and supported the Allied Countries in the war. However, in India it created a dilemma as Indians were at the same time fighting the British.
1. The party of Hitler was
Answer:
Nazi Party.

2. What were the Allied countries?
Answer:
England, France, Russia and USA.

3. Italy supported to
Answer:
Germany.

4. What are the names of two cities that affected with Atom Bombs?
Answer:
Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

5. Was Hitler a democratic personality or a dictator?
Answer:
Hitler was a dictator.

Question 13.
Collect the details of Bhagat Singh and write an essay on it.
Answer:

Bhagat Singh ….
Born on 28-9-1907
Died on 23-3-1931
He was an Indian Nationalist and influential revolutionist.
He is often referred to as Shaheed. He was born in a Sikh family.
He studied European revolutions, movements and attached to anarchist and Marxist ideologies.
Seeking revenge for the death of Lala Lajapathi Roy at the hands of the police, Singh was involved in the assassination of British police officer John Saunders. Together with Bhatukeshwar Dutt, he undertook a successful effort to throw two bombs and leaflets inside the Central Legislative Assembly while shouting slogans of “Inquilab Zindabad”.

Subsequently, they volunteered to surrender and be arrested. Held on this charge he gained widespread national support. When he underwent a 116 day fast in jail, demanding equal rights for British and Indian political prisoners.
During this time, sufficient evidence was brought against him for a conviction in Saunders case.
A trial was orchestrated by a special tribunal and appeal at the Privy Council in England. He was convicted and subsequently hanged for his participation in the assassination of John Saunders.
He is one of the Heroes of our Nation.

Question 14.
The disparities between Hindu and Muslim ¡n our country were raised in 1906? Were they disappeared after independence? Write the reasons for your answers.
Answer:
No, they were not disappeared even after independence, those the present today also. Pak occupied Kashmir, Kargil war, Parliament attack, Mumbai attacks, Hyderabad attacks — Lumbini park, Gokulchat and Dilsukh Nagar reveal this issue.
Reasons:

1. Because of partition of India associated with Pakistan.
2. There was no way that the communal tensions were going to subside.
3. Sensationalism I vote bank over humanism are also other reasons.

Question 15.
Why did World War — II create a dilemma in Indians?
Answer:
The countries in the world joined the two groups in the war.
The people who supported democratic ideas and opposed dictatorship fought against Hitler and supported the allied countries in war. But at the same time India was against the British n our country. So there was a dilemma.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions Chapter 11A National Movement: The Early Phase 1885-1919.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions 11th Lesson National Movement: The Early Phase 1885-1919

Question 1.
What do you understand by Swadeshi?
Answer:
I understood Swadeshi ‘as goods produced in our own country’.

Question 2.
If authorities do not agree to the just requests of people, what do you think the people should do?
Answer:
The requests should be not only just but also legal. If the authorities do not agree, one should oppose them democratically and attain them.

Question 3.
What were the major areas of swadeshi’s impact?
Answer:

1. Political
2. Social
3. Industrial
4. Foreign trade
5. Spiritual
6. Business (National trade)
7. Education
8. Cultural
9. Judicial.

Question 4.
What is meant by ‘Swaraj’?
Answer:
Swaraj means complete independence.

Question 5.
What is the slogan of Tilak?
Answer:
“Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it”.

Question 6.
A few leaders like Gandhiji, Tilak, Subhash Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh sacrified their lives for the sake of our nation.
What would have happened, if they did not do so?
Answer:
The British would have plundered our nation’s wealth more and more. The people of our country would have been suffered as slaves under the British rule and India would have become a very poor country.

Question 7.
Read the following passage and answer the questions.
In the next Congress session (1905), the extremist Nationalists led by Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pai and Lala Lajapat Rai were in favour of extending the movement to the rest of India and to demand for full fledged freedom or ‘Swaraj’. Bal Gangadhar Tilak gave the famous slogan, “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it.” They wanted to move away from the earlier strategy of submitting petitions to government to mobilising the masses against the British rule and forcing the British to give up and go. They called the earlier strategy as ‘mendicancy’ (or begging for alms). The old leaders, called ‘Moderate nationalists’.

1) Name any two extremists.
Answer:
Tilak, Bipin Chandrapal.

2) What is meant by ‘Swaraj’?
Answer:
Swaraj means complete independence.

3) What is the slogan of Tilak?
Answer:
Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it.

4) How did they call the policy of moderates?
Answer:
They called it ‘mendicancy’.

5) What did the moderates do?
Answer:
The moderates tried with petitions.

Question 8.
Read the following passage and write a meaningful question.
In Class VII, you had read about the revolt of 1857 in which the soldiers, ordinary peasants, artisans and landlords and even princes joined the struggle against the British rule. While the movement was opposed to the British, it did not have any new vision of the country. It in fact wanted to restore the rule of the old kings and queens and also the same caste based society.
Answer:
“Why did the 1857 revolution fail?”

AP State Syllabus AP Board 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions Chapter 10 Landlords and Tenants under the British and the Nizam.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions 10th Lesson Landlords and Tenants under the British and the Nizam

Question 1.
Did the Zamindar own all the lands of the villages in the Mughal times?
Answer:
No. They owned some of the village lands. They had the power to collect revenue from the villagers. Rest of the land was owned by peasants and others.

Question 2.
What did the Zamindars do for the Mughal government and what did they get in return?
Answer:
The Zamindars collected the revenue from the peasantry on behalf of Mughal emperors. In return they received a share of revenue collected. Sometimes they also had right to collect some small local taxes.

Question 3.
How would the changes have affected the position of the farmers who tilled the land for several generations?
Answer:

1. This settlement inadvertently converted all the peasants into the tenants.
2. Since rent collected was much higher than the revenue, the cultivators could not pay and sometimes deserted the lands. These were the affects.

Question 4.
What is the difference between revenue and rent?
Answer:
Revenue: Tax on land which is paid to the Zamindars or government.
Rent: Amount paid to the owners of the land for using and cultivating it.

Question 5.
In what ways did the government invest in agriculture during the early British rule? Do you think it could have been done by farmers themselves?
Answer:

1. The Britishers made necessary advances to the ryots to purchase seeds, implements, bullocks and to repair old wells or dig new ones,
2. They constructed anicuts & canals. It could not have been done by farmers themselves.

Question 6.
How was a ‘dora’ different from an ordinary landlord?
Answer:
The large landlords were called Doras. They had a large retinue of servants and soldiers. Ordinary landlords were under the control of these ‘doras’. Landlords should follow the orders of ‘Doras’. This is the difference between them.

Question 7.
How do you think it was possible for the zamindars to keep increasing their incomes without increasing investment in the land?
Answer:
The prices of grains in the market rose and cultivation slowly expanded. So there was an increase in the income of Zamindars without increasing investment in the land.

Question 8.
Who do you think would have benefited from the Ryotwari Settlement – the farmers, the landlords or the British? Give reasons.
Answer:
The landlords would have benefited from the Ryotwari settlement.
Reasons:

1. There was an increase in the number of landlords in the Ryotwari area.
2. They showed much interest in giving their lands on rents rather than cultivation.

Question 9.
Why do you think the ryots did not invest in improving agriculture or extending agriculture?
Answer:
The prices rose faster than the land revenue and the ryots found it more profitable to employ tenants to cultivate their lands and receive rent from them. So they did not invest in improving agriculture or extending agriculture.

Question 10.
Who ultimately profited from production for export market and why?
Answer:
Moneylenders profited ultimately from production for export market. They lent more and more money to farmers on high-interest rates and profited.

Question 11.
Discuss the changes in the lives of traditional crafts persons and village artists.
Answer:
Traditional crafts persons are adding technology to their tradition. As the prices are high, there is no demand for their products. Village artists had enjoyed the encouragement of the Kings and Zamindars. Now they lack it. So their lives are in worse condition.

Question 12.
How are we paying the taxes nowadays?
Answer:
At present revenue is paid in the form of money.

Question 13.
Have you heard of any similar rapid rise or decline in prices of any agricultural produce in our own times? Find out about its impact on the farmers.
Answer:
In recent past, there was an increase in the prices of rice and red gram. Later they were reduced by the government. Peasants grew some crops thinking of high profits. If the demand fell, they would get losses that year.

Question 14.
Why do you think the Zamindars kept the soldiers and small forts?
Answer:
Zamindars had some villages under their control. They were the mediators between the rulers and the ruled. They had much income also. So they lived in small forts.
To protect their people from thefts and attacks, to collect revenues they needed soldiers. So they maintained them.

Question 15.
Why did the high revenue rates prevent zamindars and farmers from improving agriculture?
Answer:
As they paid heavy rates of rents and revenue from their income, they were not able to improve agriculture. They used the remaining amounts for their household purposes.

Question 16.
During the freedom movement the Zamindars normally supported the British. Can you explain why?
Answer:
The policies of Zamindars created a gap between them and their people. They earned more assets in the British reign. So they normally supported the British during the freedom movement.

Question 17.
Who introduced the Permanent Settlement of Tax and when?
Answer:
Cornwallis introduced this in 1793.

Question 18.
Why did the war in America lead to increase in prices of cotton in India?
Answer:
In 1861, there was Civil war in America and British factories turned to India for supply of cotton. As a result cotton prices soared high.

Question 19.
Why were famines caused under British rule? Do you think it was because of failure of rains or floods?
Answer:
The rains and floods caused one or two famines during the British rule. Most of the famines occurred due to their dictatorial rule. They exported food grains in the famines. They had no interference when the merchants created artificial scarcity by hoarding food grains. They didn’t work for the welfare of the people in India. So the famines were caused.

Question 20.
Write the names of any two peasant movements.
Answer:
The Deccan riots of 1860s, Rampa fituries, Moppila agitations etc.

Question 21.
Match the following.
1) 1865/66 ( ) A) Dhawaleshwaram anicut
2) 1860      ( ) B) Anicut over the Krishna river at Vijayawada
3) 1793      ( ) C) Ganjam famine
4) f1849     ( ) D) Permanent settlement
5) 1854      ( ) E) The Deccan riots
Answer:
1) C
2) E
3) D
4) A
5) B

Question 22.
Imagine that you live in the ‘Ceded Districts’, find put about the Palegars who fought with the British.
Answer:
Many wars were broken out between Palegars and the British from 1798 to 1805. First war was fought between Veerapandya and the British in 1799. Second main war was fought between a group of Palegars and the British. After a long and expensive campaign the British finally defeated the revolting Palegars of whom many were beheaded and hanged while others were deported to the Andaman Islands. Of the Palegars who submitted to the British some of them granted Zamindari status, which had only tax collection rights and disarmed them completely.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions Chapter 9 Public Health and the Government.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions 9th Lesson Public Health and the Government

Question 1.
Why are children given food in the anganwadis?
Answer:
In Andhra Pradesh about 33% of children below 5 years of age were characterised as under weight. This is due to hunger and malnutrition. So the government decided to feed these children through Anganwadis.

Question 2.
What problems do we face in private hospitals?
Answer:
Problems in private hospitals : We should pay more money here. Medicines also cost very high. Some may cause unnecessary tensions to the patient families.

Question 3.
What should be available in every village as part of the public health system?
Answer:
Asha worker, nutrition, immunisation facilities, weighing machine etc., should be available in every village as part of the public health system.

Question 4.
List some public health centres or hospitals near your place.
Answer:
We have public health centre in Vadali. In a short distance we have P.H.C. at Mudinepalli. We have a centre of R.M.P. in our village.

Question 5.
Is the water you drink at school clean?
Answer:
Yes, the water at our school is clean.

Question 6.
In your opinion, what is one most important improvement that should be made for the mid-day meal being served at your school?
Answer:
The quality of rice should be changed. Better quality should be maintained.

Question 7.
Write any two reasons for doctors not accepting rural posting?
Answer:

1. Rural backwardness,
2. Lack of modern facilities.

Question 8.
Why are people approaching private hospitals though the government hospitals are functioning?
Answer:
The state government is issuing ‘Aarogya Sri’ cards to people even though the government hospitals are functioning. The people also may take this as ideal.

Question 9.
Read the first paragraph under the heading ‘Basic Public Facilities’ (Textbook page No. 105) and answer the question:
Is there any provision of safe drinking water in your area? Explain.
Answer:
Ours is Singarayapalem village in Mudinepalli Mandal. We have two tanks in our village. Water in one tank is purified and lifted to another water tank. From there it is supplied to the whole village. So we are all protected from many diseases. Our Panchayat looks after all these works.

Question 10.
1. Let us examine the situation through the AP Human Development Report, 2007 which states: “Freedom from hunger and malnutrition is a basic human right and a fundamental prerequisite for human and national development. Better nutrition means stronger Immunity systems, less illness and better health. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), poor nutrition contributes to 1 out of 2 deaths (53 percent) associated with infectious diseases among children below five in developing countries. In Andhra Pradesh, about 33 per cent of children below 5 years of age were characterised as underweight. About 31 percent of women and 25 per cent of men are undernourished.”
Read the above para and prepare a question.
Answer:
“What is useful for the development of humankind?”

2. Why are people approaching private hospitals though the government hospitals are functioning ? Write your opinion on this issue.
Answer:
The state government is issuing ‘Aarogya Sri’ cards to people even though the government hospitals are functioning. The people also may take this as ideal.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions Chapter 8 Impact of Technology on Livelihoods.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions 8th Lesson Impact of Technology on Livelihoods

Question 1.
What happens when Combined Harvesters are used?
Answer:
Agricultural labourers lose the jobs of harvesting the crop, threshing and cleaning the grains from chaff when Combined Harvesters are used.

Question 2.
Why do farmers use Combined Harvesters?
Answer:
Due to excess benefits by using Combined Harvesters, the farmers are using these Combined Harvesters.

Question 3.
What happened with the invention of steam engine?
Answer:
The steam engine changed many production processes in factories.

Question 4.
What is called an invention?
Answer:
When a new machine or method of production is created for the first time, it is called an invention.

Question 5.
Write the names of any two machines.
Answer:
X-ray machines and power looms.

Question 6.
What can we use instead of rubber?
Answer:
We can use plastic instead of rubber.

Question 7.
Write any two advantages of Mobile phones.
Answer:

1. They reduce the distances between people.
2. Emergency messages can be conveyed within seconds.

Question 8.
Write any two disadvantages of Mobile phones.
Answer:

1. They pollute the minds of children.
2. They cause disturbance in the circulation of electro-magnetic waves of one’s body, who uses it.

Question 9.
What comes under service sectors? What is the technological change in it?
Answer:

1. Services include activities that support agriculture and industries. All the trading activities are also services.
2. Technological changes also affect service activities.
3. Due to this there is a rapid change in communications. They are available at the lowest rates.

Question 10.
Write any two advantages and two disadvantages of Mobile phones.
Answer:
Advantages:

1. They reduce the distances between people.
2. Emergency messages can be conveyed within seconds.

Disadvantages:

1. They pollute the minds of children.
2. They cause a disturbance in the circulation of electro-magnetic waves of one’s body, who uses it.

Question 11.
Appreciate the ladies ¡n the following figures.

Answer:
The women in the left side picture are in their traditional dress and repairing community radio. They are caring their children also. They are very conscious in their work.
The women in the right side picture are like white flowers. They are also repairing Telephone assembly line. The way they sit discloses their dedication to the work.

Question 12.
Observe the following table and answer the given questions.

State	1988	2009
Telangana & A.P.	5,29,000	1,24,700
Gujarat	24,000	3,900
Karnataka	1,03,000	40,500
Maharashtra	80,000	4,500
Madhya Pradesh	43,000	3,600
Punjab	22,000	300
Tamil Nadu	5,56,000	1,55,000

a) What was the change in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana?
Answer:
There was a decline in handloom units.

b) Of all the states, which had more decline?
Answer:
Punjab state.

c) Of all the states, which two states were having more units in 2009?
Answer:
Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Tamilnadu

d) Where did most of the changes take place either in Northern India or in Southern India?
Answer:
In Northern India.

e) Which units is this table related to?
Answer:
This table is related to handloom units.

Question 13.
Read the following passage and answer the questions.
The steam engine changed many production processes in factories. Later on with a new source of energy such as electricity, factories that we see them today emerged. When a new machine or method of production is created for the first time, it is called an invention. However, practical application of these ideas takes a long time and depends on many factors. These could be improvements to make the technology effective, reducing cost of new techniques, acceptance of a new way or product. Technical developments or technical improvements can be due to completely new types of machinery (X ray machines and power looms), or changes in the types of raw materials used (plastic instead of rubber), or reorganisation of production processes.

a) What happened with the invention of steam engine?
Answer:
The steam engine changed many production processes in factories.

b) Why were the factories emerged?
Answer:
New sources of energy such as electricity etc., emerged the factories.

c) What is called an invention?
Answer:
When a new machine or method of production is created for the first time,it is called an invention.

d) Write the names of any two machines.
Answer:
X-ray machines and powerlooms.

e) What can we use instead of rubber?
Answer:
We can use plastic instead of rubber.

AP State Syllabus AP Board 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions Chapter 15 Law and Justice: A Case Study.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions 15th Lesson Law and Justice: A Case Study

Question 1.
What is meant by ‘an accused’? In this story who is the accused?
Answer:
‘Someone that has done something wrong or taken part in illegal activity is known as accused. In this story ‘Ravi’ is accused.

Question 2.
What were the charges levelled against the accused?
Answer:
Cheating, causing grievous injury to another person – were the charges levelled against the accused.

Question 3.
What is an independent judiciary?
Answer:
The Legislature and the Executive cannot interfere in the work of the judiciary. The courts are not under the government and do not act on behalf of government. The polices also not part of judiciary.
In this way the judiciary works independently. This is known as independent judiciary.

Question 4.
If someone is not satisfied with the decision of a Session’s court, what can he/she do? If she/he is dissatisfied with the decision of High Court, what can be done?
Answer:
If someone is not satisfied with the decision of a Session’s court, he/she can appeal to the High Court.
If she/he is dissatisfied with the decision of High Court, she/he can appeal to the Supreme Court.

Question 5.
What are the differences between the role of the S.H.O. and the magistrate?
Answer:
S.H.O is the officer at P.S. level. Magistrate is still higher level.
S.l. should present the arrested person before the Magistrate before 24 hours.

Question 6.
Write any one of the central features of the Constitution.
Answer:
One of the central features of the Constitution is to separate the powers of Executive, Judiciary and Legislature.

Question 7.
Why do you think it is important for the person who makes an FIR to take a copy of the report?
Answer:
The complaint should have the acknowledgement for his complaint. After the F.I.R. is filed it becomes the duty of the police to investigate and solve the problem.

Question 8.
Discuss why it is necessary to hear the evidences given by the witnesses in any case.
Answer:
In any case the victims and the accused, support their own words in the court. So the truth may be under cover. Being third person, the witnesses uncover these truths. So it is necessary to hear the evidences given by them in any case.

Question 9.
High Court does not summon the accused or witnesses before it. Why?
Answer:
The accused and witnesses are all appeared before the court at lower level. So it is not necessary to attend before the High Court. So it does not summon them.

Question 10.
Can you identify different roles of the Executive and Judiciary given in this chapter?
Answer:
The police comes under the Executive. They register cases and conduct enquiry in the initial stage. Trials, evidences of witnesses, judgement all these are the duties of Judiciary. These will not interfere in each other’s matter.

Question 11.
Why are there disputes in villages/families. What are the reasons for that? What sort of change in behaviour is necessary to avoid them?
Answer:
Villagers feel intimacy between them. They interfere in other’s matters without their permission. They give no value to ‘privacy’. So disputes arise.
The villagers should adopt the town/city culture.

Question 12.
Discuss on the conditions of the families related to the criminals who experienced Jail life. Invite such persons and talk to them on Jail life and freedom.
Answer:
Students: Good morning sir.
Ashok: Good morning children.
Students: Sir, I would like to know about your life in the prison.
Ashok: Why not, sure.
Students: Sir, are you a criminal?
Ashok: No, really I am not a criminal.
Students: But you got 6 months imprisonment.
Ashok: By Accidentally in one property issue I hit my brother but he was died.
Students: That’s why I am imprisoned.
Ashok: How is your life in the prison?
Students: Really it is a horrible situation.
Ashok: Is there any freeness in the prison?
Freedom is there, but everyone will look us as a criminal. Life is in systematic manner. We did not know about anything what happened in the society.
Students: What did you do sir in the prison?
Ashok: I pour water to the plants. If any small work is there, everyone sould participate in that work.
Students: What is the difference between Jail life and freedom ?
Ashok: Lot of difference is there. I feel always I am loosing my family & friends. In the prison we saw some one and speak with some one and always feel lonelyness.
Students: Now I think you are so happy because your are with your family.
Ashok: Yes I felt very happy. Now I am doing my job. And I am living with my family members happily.

Conditions of the families:
They have no income. They are in poverty. People of the society also blame the family members. No one is allowed to join them in any work. Their economic and social condition is worse.

Question 13.
Invite either a Police officer or an Advocate to your classroom and conduct a discussion on different crimes and their punishments and how to get on without committing crimes.
Answer:
Students: Good morning sir.
Police Officer: Good morning children.
Students: Sir today we would like to know about different crimes and punishments.
Police Officer: Children, crimes are two kinds. 1. Criminal crime 2. Civil cnme.
Students: Which issues are comes under criminal offence?
Police Officer: A criminal offence includes theft, decoit, adulteration, bribery, preparation of dangerous drugs, etc.
Students: What type of punishments are there for criminal case?
Police Officer: In criminal cases punishments are in severe means 10 years imprisonment.
Students: Which issues comes under civil offence?
Police Officer: Civil offence includes.
1. Peoples rights regarding land
2. Property
3. Income and people’s relationship with each other.
Students: What type of punishments are there for civil cases?
Police Officer: Generally in civil cases penalities are there but imprisonment is not there.
Students: Sir, sometimes some persons get punishments without committing crime also? Why?
Police Officer: In sometimes, due to false witness some innocent people also got punishment.
Students: On that time what did you do?
Police Officer: In that cases, department people will continue proper investigation and find out the real persons who committed in that crime and punish them.
Students: Thank you sir. Today we know about more information about crimes & punishments.

Question 14.
Read the following passage and answer the following questions.

Bail

Since Ravi’s case is a criminal case, after being chargesheeted, Ravi was put in lockup. In criminal cases, an accused is kept in jail. But this is not a punishment. This is only to help the investigation as well as to prevent him or her from tampering with evidence or threaten¬ing the witness etc. After some days in judicial custody, his family appeared in the court to get for him a bail. A person who is accused of serious crimes like murder, bribery, dacoity etc. may not get a bail. To get bail, certain sureties are to be given in the court. These sureties can be property or a person who will stand as guarantee or bond. The bond is a promise that offender will appear before the Court whenever asked for. The judge in the court can decide whether to give bail or refuse it.

1. Where was Ravi put in?
Answer:
He was put in lockup.

2. In criminal cases an accused is kept in ———–.
Answer:
jail.

3. After some days in judicial custody, his family appeared in the court to get him a ———–.
Answer:
bail.

4. To get bail certain sureties are to be given in the ———–.
Answer:
court

5. The ———– in the court can decide whether to give bail or refuse it.
Answer:
judge

Question 15.
Read the following passage and answer the following questions.

Separation of powers and independence

One of the central features of the Constitution is to separate the powers of Executive, Judiciary and Legislative. This means other branches – like the Legislature and the Execu¬tive – cannot interfere in the work of the judiciary. The courts are not come under the govern¬ment and do not act on behalf of the government.
The police is also not a part of Judiciary, they are part of the Executive. During the last year you had read about the district administration. At district level, just like the Collector, there is also a government police officer who is responsible for maintaining law and order in k the district. Police department is under the ministry of Home of the state government.

1. Write any one of the central features of the Constitution.
Answer:
One of the central features of the Constitution is to separate the powers of Executive, Judiciary and Legislature.

2. The courts are not under the ———–.
Answer:
Government.

3. The police is the part of ———–.
Answer:
Executive

4. Police department is under the ministry of ———– government.
Answer:
Home of the state

5. Collector is at ———– level.
Answer:
District

AP State Syllabus AP Board 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions Chapter 14 Parliament and Central Government.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Important Questions 14th Lesson Parliament and Central Government

Question 1.
What is meant by candidate?
Answer:
The person who contests in the election.

Question 2.
What is meant by Ballot?
Answer:
The paper which is used in election for voting. It contains the symbols of the contestants.

Question 3.
Expand EVM.
Answer:
Electronic Voting Machine.

Question 4.
What is Election campaign?
Answer:
The contestants request the voters to vote for them. This procedure is called election campaign.

Question 5.
Why do you think elections need to be free and fair?
Answer:
The winners in the elections are the writers of our future. So the elections should not be
influenced by any issue. They should be free and fair.

Question 6.
Who is responsible for making the laws that are applicable for the entire country?
Answer:
Parliament is responsible for making the laws that are applicable for the entire country.

Question 7.
Observe the following map.

State	No.	State	No.	State	No.
Andhra Pradesh	25	Jammu & Kashmir	6	Nagaland	1
Arunachal Pradesh	2	Jharkhand	14	Odisa	21
Assom	14	Karnataka	28	Punjab	13
Bihar	40	Kerala	20	Rajasthan Sikkim	25 1
Chhattisgarh	11	Madhya Pradesh	29	Tamilnadu	39
Goa	2	Maharashtra	48	Telangana	17
Gujarat	26	Manipur	2	Tripura	2
Haryana	10	Meghalaya	2	Uttarakhand	2
Himachal Pradesh	4	Mizoram	1	Uttar Pradesh	80
				West Bengal	42

Union Territories
Andaman and Nicobar Islands	1	Daman and Diu	1	Delhi(the NCT of Delhi)	7
Chandigarh	1	Lakshadweep	1	Nominated by the President of India
Dadra and Nagar Haveli	1	Pondicherry	1	Anglo Indians	2

Now answer the following questions:
1. How many general Constituencies are there?
Answer:
423

2. Which reserved are higher in SC/ST?
Answer:
S.C. reserved are higher.

3. Where can we say that SC reserved are less?
Answer:
In North Eastern region.

4. Where can we not find ST reserved?
Answer:
In Tamilnadu, Kerala and Karnataka.

SCERT AP Board 8th Class Social Solutions 23rd Lesson Sports: Nationalism and Commerce Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Solutions 23rd Lesson Sports: Nationalism and Commerce

8th Class Social Studies 23rd Lesson Sports: Nationalism and Commerce Textbook Questions and Answers

Improve your learning

Question 1.
Correct the false statements:

1. Colonial rulers promoted Cricket to be played between nations that were under their power.
2. People adopted the game to become westernised.
3. Indian villagers played cricket.
4. Cricket was introduced in schools to bring good manners.

Answer:

1. Correct.
2. False.
3. False.
4. Correct.

Correction of False statements:
2. People loved this game and adopted.
3. England villagers played cricket.

Question 2.
Give brief explanations for the following by reading the lesson:
a) The Parsis were the first Indian community to set up a cricket club in India.
b) The significance of the shift of the ICC head quarters from London to Dubai.
Answer:
a) The origins of Indian cricket, that is, cricket played by Indians are to be found in Bombay and the first Indian community to start playing the game was the small community of Parsis. Brought into close contact with the British because of their interest in trade and the first Indian community to westernise, the Parsis founded the first Indian cricket club, the Oriental Cricket Club in Bombay in 1848. Parsi clubs were funded and sponsored by Parsi businessmen like the Tatas and the Wadias. The white cricket elite in India offered no help to the enthusiastic Parsis. In fact, there was a quarrel between the Bombay Gymkhana, a whites-only club, and Parsi cricketers over the use of a public park.

When it became clear that the colonial authorities were prejudiced in favour of English¬men, the Parsis built their own gymkhana to play cricket in. The rivalry between the Parsis and the racist Bombay Gymkhana had a happy ending for these pioneers of Indian cricket. A Parsi team beat the Bombay Gymkhana at cricket in 1889, just four years after the foundation
of the Indian National Congress in 1885.

b) Matches in Sydney could now be watched live in Surat. This simple fact shifted the balance of power in cricket: a process that had begun by the break-up of the British Empire was taken to its logical conclusion by globalisation. Since India had the largest viewership for the game amongst the cricket-playing nations and the largest market in the cricketing world, the game’s centre of gravity shifted to South Asia. This shift was symbolised by the shifting of the ICC headquarters from London to tax-free Dubai.

Question 3.
Find out the history of any one local sport. Ask your parents or grandparents about how this game was played in their childhood. See whether it is played in the same way now. Try and think of the historical forces that might account for the changes.
Answer:
‘Kabaddi’ is our game. This was played by the Kouravas and Pandavas also. Kabaddi means ‘Continous sounding’. This is called ‘Chik-Chik’ in some areas, ‘Chedugudu’ in some areas. In our region we call it ‘Kabaddi’. This is a game between two groups. Each group has 12 members – 7 out of them will be in the court.
Some rules of the game:

1. This is Time based game.
   15 mts – 5 mts rest – 15 mts.
2. The persons who are ‘out’ should leave the court.
3. They can enter the court after getting a point.
4. If all the 7 members are ‘Out’, it is called ‘Lona’.
5. ‘2’ points will be awarded for ‘Lona’.

The rules will be framed and changed by the ‘Kabaddi Federation of India’. We have also such federation in our state.
This game had many changes. A change is introduced recently i.e., ‘Bonus Line Point’. When the 6 to 7 members are in the court, the opposite group person touches the bonus line, they get one additional point.
The player should not stop the ‘Sounding’.

Question 4.
How have advances in technology, especially television technology, influenced the development of contemporary cricket?
Answer:
Coloured dress, protective helmets, field restrictions, cricket under lights, became a standard part of the post-Packer game. Crucially, Packer drove home the lesson that cricket was a marketable game, which could generate huge revenues. Cricket boards became rich by selling television rights to television companies. Television channels made money by selling television spots to companies who were happy to pay large sums of money to advertise their products to cricket’s captive television audience. Continuous television coverage made cricketers celebrities who, besides being paid better by their cricket boards, now made even larger sums of money by making commercials for a wide range of products, from tyres to colas. Television coverage changed cricket. It expanded the spectators for the game by beaming cricket into small towns and villages. It also broadened cricket’s social base. Children who had never previously had the chance to watch international cricket because they lived outside the big cities, could now watch and learn by imitating their heroes. The technology of satellite television and the world wide reach of multi-national television companies created a global market for cricket.
Thus the advances in TV technology influenced the development of contemporary cricket.

Question 5.
Prepare a pamphlet on the consequences of commercialisation of cricket.
Answer:

The commercialisation of Cricket – Its Consequences

Matches in Sydney could now be watched live in Surat. This simple fact shifted the balance of power in cricket: a process that had begun by the break-up of the British Empire was taken to its logical conclusion by globalisation. Since India had the largest viewership for the game amongst the cricket-playing nations and the largest market in the cricketing world, the game’s centre of gravity shifted to South Asia. This shift was symbolised by the shifting of the ICC headquarters from London to tax-free Dubai.

A more important sign that the centre of gravity in cricket had shifted away from the old, Anglo – Australian axis is that innovations in cricket technique in recent years have mainly come from the practice of subcontinental teams in countries like India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Pakistan has pioneered two great advances in bowling: the ‘doosra’ and the ‘reverse swing’. Both skills were developed in response to subcontinental conditions: the doosra to counter aggressive batsmen with heavy modern bats who were threatening to make finger-spin obsolete and ‘reverse swing’ to move the ball in on dusty, unresponsive wickets under clear skies. Initially, both innovations were greeted with great suspicion by countries like Britain and Australia which saw them as an underhanded, illegal bending of the laws of cricket. In time, it came to be accepted that the laws of cricket could not continue to be framed for British or Australian conditions of play, and they became part of the technique of all bowlers, everywhere in the world.

One hundred and fifty years ago, the first Indian cricketers, the Parsis, had to struggle to find an open space to play in. Today, the global marketplace has made Indian players the best-paid, most famous and for whom the world is a stage. The history that brought about this transformation was made up of many smaller changes: the replacement of the gentlemanly amateur by the paid professional, the triumph of the one-day game and twenty twenty as it overshadowed Test cricket in terms of popularity, and the remarkable changes in global commerce and technology. The business of history is to make sense of change overtime.

Question 6.
Point out any five cricket playing countries on world map.
Answer:

1. South Africa
2. Zimbabwe
3. Australia
4. New Zealand
5. West Indies

Project
Collect information about any one game. Write the history of the game in the form of a report.
Answer:

Kabaddi

Kabaddi originated in the Southern Indian state of Tamilnadu, where it is derived from group hunting and village defence. Other forms of Kabaddi originated in Northern parts of India. Kabaddi is a concept sport that originated in ancient India.

Kabaddi also encompasses similar sports known by their regional names such as
Hududu – in Bangladesh
Baibalaa – in Maldieves
Chedugudu – in Andhra Pradesh
Sadugudu – in Tamilnadu and
Hututu – in Maharashtra

Kabaddi is the state game of Indian states of Tamilnadu, Maharashtra, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Punjab.
Kabaddi received international exposure during 1936 Berlin Olympics, demonstrated by India.
The game was introduced in the Indian National Games at Calcutta in 1938.

In 1950 All India Kabaddi Federation came into existence and framed the rules.
The AIKF was reconstituted as the Amateur Kabaddi Federation of India in 1972 and the First National Tournament for men was held in Chennai.

Kabaddi was popularised by Indians in Japan also. Nowadays Women Kabaddi National Tournment were also conducting in India. It was included in Asian games also.

8th Class Social Studies 23rd Lesson Sports: Nationalism and Commerce InText Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What has been the relationship between the cricket and the idea of developing western culture? (Textbook Page No. 249)
Answer:
Cricket was invented in western country England. It was made popular in its colonial countries. Most of the changes were made by them only. So encouraging the cricket means the idea of developing western culture. This has been the relation.

Question 2.
List the changes that occurred with end of dominance of Test cricket. (Textbook Page No. 250)
Answer:

1. The 1970s was the decade in which cricket was transformed.
2. The dominance of test cricket was ended and one day internationals gained much popularity.
3. ‘Packer’s circus’ was run for 2 years.
4. Coloured dress, protective helmets, field restrictions, cricket under lights became a standard part of the post – Packer game.
5. Cricket was made a marketable game, which could generate huge revenues.
6. Cricket boards became rich by selling television rights to television companies.
7. Many companies spent large amount for advertisements.
8. Continuous television coverage made cricketers celebrities who, besides being paid better by their cricket boards, now made even larger sums of money by making commercials for a wide range of products.
9. Television coverage changed cricket. It expanded the spectators for the game by beaming cricket into small towns and villages.
10. A global market for cricket is created.

Question 3.
Answer the following questions. (Textbook Page No. 246)
1. Do you like to play games?
Answer:
Yes.

2. What games do you play?
Answer:
Khokho – Volleyball, Badminton.

3. Which game do you like best?
Answer:
Badminton.

4. Think of some sports which only girls or only boys participate.
Answer:

1. Sport of only girls: Thokkudu billa
2. Sport of only boys: Marbles.

5. Are some games played only in the villages?
Answer:
Yes, Chedugudu.

6. Are some games played only by very rich people?
Answer:
Yes, Golf.

Question 4.
Why do you play? (Textbook Page No. 246)
Put a (✓) if you agree with the reason given. Put (✕) if you disagree. If you find other reasons add them to the list.
Collect the views of all the students in the class and find out which reason is considered most important.
Answer:

Playing games is easy	✓
It is fun to play games	✓
Parents, teachers, friends appreciate	✓
Games are challenging	✓
Games keep the body healthy	✓
Lot of scope to imitate their favourites like Sachin, Sania	✓
Games are easier than studies	✕
Appear on the television	✕
No written tests and examinations in games	✕
Win medals in international games	✓
To bring glory to the country	✓
Win name, money and fame	✓

The following reason is considered most important.
“Games keep the body healthy”.

Question 5.
Did you notice that there is no single country called West Indies? Identify one of these islands that has the best athletes in running. (Textbook Page No. 247)
Answer:
West Indies are the Carribean Islands. They were present from 1958 to 1962 only on that name. At present some of them were sovereign islands, some are parts of St. Kitts and Nevis, some are dependable on UK and some on Dutch and one on U.S. So there is no single country called West Indies.
“USIAN BOLT’ is the best Athlete in running. He is from Jamaica Islands.

Question 6.
There are different sports equipments to play games as you can see here. You may notice that they are of very different quality than the one’s available in your local market. Do you think such equipments will be affordable for children to play for fun as against professional adults playing game for making money? (Textbook Page No. 249)
Answer:
These all are very costly equipments. No common man or player can buy these.

Professional adults earn money by playing with these equipments. In addition to this many big companies sponsor them. So they can buy.

Question 7.
After thinking about cricket for sometime Vinayak listed a few words that are only in English language – ‘boundary’, ‘over’, ‘wicket’. Can you explain to him why there are no Telugu words for it? (Textbook Page No. 251)
Answer:
Yes, I think I can explain. Cricket was invented in England. So the related words are all in English. It is not so easy to translate the words into Telugu. So they are not in Telugu.
For example, we have ‘Kabaddi’ –
We cannot translate this into English. We pronounce it as same in any language. (Textbook Page No. 247)

Question 8.
Locate the cricket playing nations in your atlas.
Answer:
Self exercise.

SCERT AP Board 8th Class Social Solutions 17th Lesson Understanding Poverty Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Solutions 17th Lesson Understanding Poverty

8th Class Social Studies 17th Lesson Understanding Poverty Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Which of the following statement/statements in the context of poverty as chronic hunger is true?
a. Having food only once a day
b. Having food below the required calorie
c. The person driving the harvester and person ploughing the field requires the same calorie of food
d. Person ploughing the field requires more calories than shop owner
e. Hunger also affects the person’s immune system
Answer:
a) True
b) True
c) False
d) True
e) True

Question 2.
Identify the major reasons for poverty described in the chapter.
Answer:
Big families, lack of chances according to capacity or eligibility, less wages/salaries, change in agricultural operations, crop failure and usage of machines etc., are the major reasons for poverty described in the chapter. The most important contributor to poverty is the lack of regular employment.

Question 3.
A) What have been the major features in programmes like MNREGA and PDS?
B) Which aspects of poverty do they try to address?
C) Why are ration shops necessary?
Answer:
A) Major features:
(i) MNREGA
MNREGA lays down that any adult member willing to do unskilled manual work and who is looking for work must be given work by the government. A rural household can demand at least one hundred days of employment in a year for which they would be paid not below the minimum wages. The following are some sample activities taken up under MNREGA.

• water conservation and water harvesting
• drought-proofing (including afforestation and tree plantation)
• provisions of irrigation facility to land owned by households belonging to the SCs and STs
• renovation of traditional water bodies including desilting of tanks.

(ii) The system of ration shops distributing foodgrains and other essential items is known as the Public Distribution System (or PDS in short). PDS has existed in India right from the time of independence and has played a crucial role in reaching food to everyone both in the rural and urban areas. There were of course problems of functioning. At places, the ration shops would not open regularly or on time. The foodgrain stocks would be adulterated with the intention that no one buys. Ration shop owners would be found selling foodgrains to other shops rather than to the public. Many people including the poor would not receive ration. Performance of ration shops was not so good as expected in the poorest states and the poorest regions of India.

B) Alongside employment, the government ensured that everyone has access to affordable food. They tried to address these aspects of poverty.

C) Employment and income cannot do much, if the prices of essential items are very high. So the government supplies the basic needs at fair price. So the ration shops are needed.

Question 4.
Why are people without employment also often without assets, such as land, cattle, shops, etc.?
Answer:
The people those who have no employment cannot save their earnings. Without savings they cannot purchase assets. So they do not have assets.

Question 5.
Read the first two paragraphs under the title “The Struggle towards ‘the Right to Life” on page 201 and 202 and comment on them.

The Struggle towards “The Right to Life”: The new policy on PDS has been in the center of much debate. We know that about 4 out of 5 people in the rural areas consume less than the minimum required calories. And yet, not even 3 out of 10 families in the rural areas in India possessed BPL and Antyodaya cards, as per the National Sample Survey of 2004. Thus, a large number of people who earlier benefited from the PDS were no longer convered by it. Many families of landless labourers did not have BPL cards. Whereas, there were some reports of well-off families with BPL cards.

There are other contradictions too in the new PDS (Public Distribution System) Policy. The government of India often has huge piles of food stocks (i.e. foodgrains that it bought from farmers). There have been times when foodgrains rot in godowns and are eaten by rats. Since the ration shops sell foodgrains at a fair price only to BPL, Antyodaya and Annapurna card holders, there are unsold stocks at the ration shop too. And yet, there is a feeling that we are not able to provide food to all.

Answer:

1. Today in India 4 out of 5 people in the rural areas consume less than the minimum required calories.
2. But our government especially for rural areas they introduced Antyodaya cards for BPL people.
3. According to national sample survey many families of landless labourers did not have BPL cards. Whereas there were some reports of well of families with BPL cards.
4. There are so many problems with new PDS systems.
5. Even though the government has more food grains stock, but ration shops provide food grains to only card holders and not for other people.
6. That’s why in our country majority of landless poor people did not get even one meal for a day. Still so many families fight for “Right to life”.

Question 6.
Write a letter to your District Collector on the functioning of P.D.S programme in your village.
Answer:
To
The District Collector,
Machilipatnam,
Krishna District.

From
A. Suneeta, Class : VIII,
M.P. Ele. School, Nunna.
Sir,

We are residing in Nunna in Vijayawada Rural. We have white card for our family. We are receiving 20kgs of rice from the ration shop. From the last two months we are receiving spoiled rice from the dealer. I came to know that all the villagers are receiving rice in less quantity also. So I request you to look into the matter and to enquire the issue. This is for kind information and necessary favourable action.

Thanking you sir,
Yours faithfully
xx xxx

Address:
A. Suneeta
D/o. A. Narasayya
Nunna; Vijayawada Rural,
Krishna District.

Question 7.
Visit the ration shop in your neighborhood and look for the following:
1. When does the ration shop open?
Answer:
The ration shop is open from 8 am to 12 am and from 4 pm to 8 pm.

2. What are the items sold at the ration shop?
Answer:
Rice, wheat, sugar, tamarind, red gram and palmolive oil are sold in ration shops.

3. Do you find the system of different card-holders?
Answer:
Yes, I find white and pink cards.

4. Can you compare the prices of rice and sugar from the ration shop (for families below poverty line) with the prices at any other grocery store? [Important: Ask for the ordinary variety rates at the grocery shop.]
Answer:

Prices in Ration Shops		Prices in Kirana Shops
1) Rice	1 kg Re. 1/-	1) Same quality	Rs. 25/-
2) Red gram	1 kg Rs. 130/-	2) Same quality	Rs. 160/-
3) Sugar	1 kg Rs. 14/-	3) Same quality	Rs. 40/-
4) Tamarind	1 kg Rs. 65/-	4) Same quality	Rs. 90/-
5) Palmolive oil	1 Itr Rs. 55/-	5) Same quality	Rs. 68/-

8th Class Social Studies 17th Lesson Understanding Poverty InText Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Discuss what is common about Chandraiah’s and Ramachari’s lives. (Textbook Page No. 193)
Answer:

1. Both are economically poor.
2. Both are the sufferers of hunger.
3. Both persons’ wives are staying in other places due to their works.
4. Both have illhealth.
5. Both look like elders.

Question 2.
What is the average calorie intake of persons in the top quarter in the country? (Textbook Page No. 194)
Answer:
The average calorie intake of persons in the top quarter in the country is 2521.

Question 3.
By what percentage does the calorie intake of persons in the bottom quarter fall short of the daily calorie standard? (Textbook Page No. 194)
Answer:
23% of the calorie intake of persons in the bottom quarter fall short of the daily calorie standard.

Question 4.
Do you find any relationship between the economic background of person and his/her nutritional status? (Textbook Page No. 196)
Answer:
Yes, I find the relationship between economic background of person and his/her nutritional status. If the economic standard is less, the nutritional status is also low and vice versa.

Question 5.
Do you think that cash transfer scheme is an alternative to the PDS? (Textbook Page No. 201)
Answer:
I do not think so.
Reason:
e.g.: Through PDS the government is supplying 1 kg of rice for Re. 1/-. For this the government is bearing the subsidy of Rs, 19/-.
In the cash transfer scheme the government transfers these Rs. 20/- directly to the beneficiary’s account. If the price of rice in the market is high, this would not be successful.

Question 6.
In what way, was Ramachari’s livelihood related to agriculture in the village? (Textbook Page No. 293)
Answer:
Till a few years back, Ramachari would get around 40 clients, most of them farmers. They paid for his services with paddy. Each gave him 70 kilograms a year. Of the 2800 kg he got this way, he kept what his family needed and sold the rest in the market. He could get around Rs.375 for 70 kg of paddy. This was some years ago. After retaining what his family required, he could make Rs. 8000 in a year this way. With that, he looked for the family. Thus the livelihood of Ramachari was related to agriculture.
Then the poor may lose their food security. So I think this is not the right scheme.

Question 7.
Do you think the hardships that the family faces were because of:
(a) Ramachari’s lack of awareness and effort (OR)
(b) the livelihood situation in the village. (Textbook Page No. 193)
Answer:
(b) the livelihood situation in the village.

Question 8.
What do you think can be done so that Ramachari and his family get two square meals a day? (Textbook Page No. 193)
Answer:
Ramachari should also go to the nearest town with his wife for daily works. Then only he and his family can get two square meals a day.

Question 9.
How would you describe the exchange between Ramachari and the farmers in the village? (Textbook Page No. 193)
Answer:
I describe the exchange between Ramachari and the farmers in the village as follows:
“One for all and all for one”.

Question 10.
How many kilograms of paddy would Ramachari retain for the family in normal years? (Textbook Page No. 193)
Answer:
1300 kgs of rice approximately.

Question 11.
Can we consider Rs. 8000 a year sufficient to cover the family’s expenses (other than foodgrains)? (Textbook Page No. 193)
Answer:
Rs. 8000 per year means Rs. 667 per month. We cannot consider it sufficient to cover the family’s expenses.

Question 12.
Discuss the different living standards in the following urban picture. (Textbook Page No. 193)

Answer:

People in building	People in tents
1) They spend luxurious life.	1) They spend miserable life.
2) They are rich.	2) They are poor.
3) They have better facilities.	3) They have no common facilities.

Question 13.
Here are a few steps that the government must undertake to support agricultural growth and those dependent on agriculture. Can you write a few lines on each? Why is it important? You could give examples from your own context.
i) Timely provision of seed, fertilizer, pesticides by the government such that the farmer does not have to depend on middlemen/ traders. The government must ensure that these products are of standard quality and reasonably priced.
ii) Small irrigation projects
iii) Timely availability of bank loans at reasonable interest rate
iv) Outlets or marketing the crops at a fair price for producers
v) Development of roads, transport systems in the countryside
vi) Assistance to farmers in case of crop failure . (Textbook Page No. 197)
Answer:
i) The farmers earn least income on agriculture. They cannot purchase seeds etc., from dealers for more rates.
e.g.: In recent period, the low quality cotton seeds were supplied to the farmers in some districts. They met heavy losses due to this.

ii) In India agriculture depends on monsoons which are indefinite. So the small irrigation projects should be encouraged.
e.g.: Ten years back there were no rains. So the farmers did not sow the seeds. But suddenly there were heavy rains in the months of July and August. They bought the sprouts for heavy rates and sowed them. The crops grew well. At the end of November there was a heavy cyclone. All the fields were drowned. So there should be small irrigation projects.

iii) If the loans are not available in time, the farmers would approach the money lenders or other landlords. They collect heavy interests on the loans. The farmers will become .permanent debtors.

(v) e.g.: In recent past the lorry owners announced and conducted a strike for many days. At that time some farmers failed to carry the sugarcane to the factory. They incurred heavy losses as it got dried.

vi) In case of crop failure, the banks should lend additional loans and should write off the interests. Otherwise the farmers cannot cultivate in the next crop season. They cannot repay the loan. Today many farmers are committing suicides due to these reasons.

Question 14.
Read the following and answer the following questions.
MNREGA lays down that any adult member willing to do unskilled manual work and who is looking for work must be given work by the government. A rural household can demand at least one hundred days of employment in a year for which they would be paid not below the minimum wages. The following are some sample activities taken up under MNREGA.

• water conservation and water harvesting
• drought proofing (including afforestation and tree plantation)
• provisions of irrigation facility to land owned by households belonging to the SCs and STs
• renovation of traditional water bodies including desilting of tanks.

(i) With the help of your teacher, find out what the above works (given in Italics) mean.
Answer:
The above mentioned works fulfil the needs of agriculture. This enables the villages to arrange their resources. This indicates the development of villages.

(ii) Plan a visit to one of the sites in your village/ town where you can see public works in progress. Record your conversations.
In our village ‘Nunna’, the canal banks are repaired under this scheme. The roads are cleaned and the tanks are desilted.
Due to this scheme, the people are getting works in summer season also. This controls their migrations.

(iii) Why do you think the MNREGA places priority on provision of irrigation facility to land owned by households belonging to the SCs and STs?
Answer:
The government sanctioned some funds for the development of SCs and STs from many years. These funds were remained unused. So these are used for irrigation and drinking water facilities to them only. With this they feel self-reliance.

Question 15.
Why do you think is the calorie intakes of the people so low? (Textbook Page No. 194)
Answer:
As they have low earnings, they cannot purchase costly foods which have high calories. They cannot eat and cannot work. So they are habituated to eat stomachful of food, e.g.: Rice & chutney / rice & curry or rice & sambar.
So they are taking so low calories.

Question 14.
Do you think the poor will be served better now with new policy? Provide reasons in favour of your answer. (Textbook Page No. 201)
Answer:
I think that the poor will be served better now with new policy.
Reasons:

1. The government takes back the white cards from ineligibles.
2. So the provisions are supplied only to the poor and the poorest.

Question 15.
Ration shops are also called fair price shops. Can you guess why? (Textbook Page No. 202)
Answer:
The provisions in ration shops are available at low prices when compared to open market. So they are called fair price shops.

Question 16.
Could you suggest some more ways of improving the PDS? (Textbook Page No. 201)
Answer:
Some suggestions:

1. The beneficiaries should be selected confidentially.
2. Middle class also should be taken into consideration with BPL families.
3. Standard weights should be measured in these ration shops.
4. Dealers should be selected on a particular basis.

SCERT AP Board 8th Class Social Solutions 22nd Lesson Film and Print Media Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 8th Class Social Studies Solutions 22nd Lesson Film and Print Media

8th Class Social Studies 22nd Lesson Film and Print Media Textbook Questions and Answers

Improve your learning

Question 1.
Write any three differences between drama and film.
Answer:

Cinemas	Stage plays
1. More expensive.	1. Less expensive.
2. They can be projected in several places at one time.	2. This can be played in one place at one time only.
3. These can be shot In several places.	3. These can be presented on one stage.

Question 2.
Do you think any story or poem in your language textbook could be made into a small film? Can you think of various people you will need in making a film based on that?
Answer:
Yes. It could be made into a small film.
Producer, Director, Editor, Cameraman, Actors, Actresses, Junior artists, Singers, Musicians and other technicians are needed for this.

Question 3.
Some people argue “Cinema is a powerful tool to transform the society”. Others argue that “It has a negative impact”. Whom do you agree with and why?
Answer:
“I think that cinema is a powerful tool to transform the society with positive or negative impact”. Whatever may be the change, the cinemas have that power.
Reason:
The influence that the cinema exerts on the minds of those who visit it is at once beneficial and harmful.
The films shown in the cinema are often very instructive and informative. Almost every film shows something about the activities and customs of the people in other lands. By seeing such films, one learns a lot about human activities. One also gains a better understanding of people of the world.

Further, some films show the battles that were fought in the past. They also sometimes show very vividly how man has struggled through the centuries to remove discomfort from his life. In this way, some films have given many people an insight into the past. Even illiterate people have benefited from such films. What they cannot acquire from books owing to their inability to read, they can acquire from films. School students, too, often benefit from a visit to the cinema. What they see and hear in the cinema makes a better impression on their minds than only the spoken words of their teachers. For all these reasons, the cinema is often regarded as an important means of spreading knowledge.

It must be admitted, however, that some films have exerted an evil influence on many people. Films which show the activities of criminals have encouraged many youths to commit acts of crime. Other films, too, such as those dealing with sex and other natural weaknesses of man, have corrupted the morals of many people. As a result, the governments of many countries have been compelled to interfere in the display and production of certain films. Yet, the cinema continues to retain its popularity.

Question 4.
What were the major themes discussed in early films? How is it similar or different from the films you have seen?
Answer:
Similarities:

1. Both are mostly family type pictures.
2. Both have pictures of puranas.
3. Both have efficient artistes.

Differences:

Cinemas I have seen	Early Cinemas
1) These are fighting oriented.	1) These were melodious.
2) These are high budget pictures.	2) These were low budget pictures.
3) Most of the pictures are based on love.	3) Most of the pictures were based on values.
4) Some pictures have scenes of objection.	4) These were accepted by all.
5) Comedy is turned as worst.	5) Comedy was fine and moderate.

Question 5.
How did newspapers play a major role in the freedom movement?
Answer:
Role of Newspapers in Cultural Awakening and Freedom Movement
During the British period, Social reformers began actively campaigning for radical changes in the society. The reformation of Hinduism, the move for abolition of ‘Sat! and efforts to encourage widow re-marriage were some of the major reforms. Inspired by these great leaders, many newspapers were started in different parts of the country.
Many freedom fighters of Indian Independence were the editors of newspapers. Amrit Bazar Patrika (started in 1868) was edited by Sisir Kumar Ghosh, Bengalee (started in 1833) was edited by Surendranadh Banerjee, ‘The Hindu’ (started in 1878) was edited by G. Subramaniya Iyer, ‘Kesari’ (started in 1881) was edited by Balagangadhara Tilak.

The editors expressed their views through these newspapers. These papers played a prominent role in arousing national consciousness among Indians. The Krishna Patrika was edited by Mutnuri Krishna Rao. Nilagiripathrika, edited by S.V. Narasimha Rao of Nalgonda. Tenugu pathrika by Vaddiraju brothers from Inugurthi in Warangal. Golkonda, edited by Suravaram Pratapa Reddy. Urdu magazine Rayyat, edited by Mandumula Narasing Rao,
Mahatma Gandhi wrote profusely. He took over the ‘Young India’ in 1918 and started another journal ‘Navjeevan’ in Gujarati. He wrote extensively in ‘Harijan’ under the editorship of Mahadev Desai.
Thus the newspapers played an important role in Freedom movement.

Question 6.
Collect the newspaper clippings that depict latest issues. Exhibit them in your classroom.
Answer:
Students Activity.

Question 7.
What are the reasons for the disappearance of dramas now-a-days.
Answer:

1. Nowadays television sets are attracting the people. All are simply sitting infront of TV sets and enjoying their leisure time.
2. Cinema industry is also attracting the people of all ages.
3. Computers & internet are keeping the world in front of the people etc.

Project

Prepare the script for a drama. Perform the drama in your class. (Class Activity)
Answer:
” A woman, June, Screams! She is on the ground holding her feet. She shakes her leg and screens some more.
June: “AH!”
Hank runs out to see what’s wrong.
Hank: “What happened ?”
June: “I got strong by a bee …. on the foot”.
Hank: “Let me see”.
June flops down and holds up her foot.
Hank: “Okay, let me get the stinger out. I hear if you can get it out without squeezing the
little venom bag then it won’t hurt as much.
June: “Ow ! Ow ! Ow ! Get it out”.
June is shaking her foot.
Hank: Hold still: June tries to stop struggling.
Hank carefully gets it with one finger.
Hank: “There ”
June: “Still hurts”
She shakes her foot at him. Hank struggles and then holds her leg still again and looks.
Hank: “Look like there is a bit of stinger is there still.”
June: “Get it out”
Hank: “I’m going to need to tweezers or something”
June: “Get some tweezers”
Hank: “Okay Okay”.

8th Class Social Studies 22nd Lesson Film and Print Media InText Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What are differences in a stage play and a film? Make a comparative table. (Textbook Page No. 240)
Answer:
Similarities:

1. Both give entertainment.
2. Both have actors.
3. Both are encouraged by the people.

Differences:
Stage play: A stage play is performed live. There is the possibility that there will be mistakes during the performance. The actors have to project their voice and make their movements and facial expressions big and obvious enough for the audience to be able to hear/see them. The cast of a stage play will rehearse the show for months before the first performance and the performance dates can go on for months as well. Auditions for a role in stage play usually only take a couple of weeks.

Film: A film is recorded. You are allowed to make some mistakes because you can just start over and film it again. The actors have to be realistic and believable. The cast of a film will usually only have several minutes to rehearse the scene before filming it, and this applies to each scene filmed. It can take a few weeks just to film on scene. Filming can take as long as a month to a year or more. Auditions for a role in a film can take months.

Question 2.
With the help of your teacher, discuss the changes in the livelihood opportunities from play to films. (Textbook Page No. 240)
Answer:
The persons who have good voice were encouraged as stage artists. But in films, their physical beauty was also taken for consideration. The stage artists made a beeline to the studios for a chance in films. Those who have chances in this field are settled well. Some have lost their wealth also.

Question 3.
Bring to the classroom various newspapers available in your area. Form as many teams. Now analyse the papers for the way the news is organised. (Textbook Page No. 244)
Answer:
In our village we receive two papers – Eenadu and Sakshi dailies.
In my class we form as two teams.

1. Eenadu team: National and International and other main news in first page, later editorial. ‘Vasundhara’ 4 pages special for ladies and sports page, business affairs, advertisements, cinema page/celiuloid page, TV screen details etc. In district edition all the news relating to the district is given.
2. Sakshf Team: 14 pages main edition and district edition; Main national or international news in the first page. The news is continued in the second page. Advertisement about tenders, 4 pages edition ‘family’. An interview with a great personality, stories to children, strange issues in subjects, Bhakthi News, Cinema news, Job opportunities, Business page. District paper with all the news related to the district.

Question 4.
Form two groups and have a debate on pros and cons of fan clubs. (Textbook Page No. 242)
Answer:
Pros: They praise their artists. They give free advertisement for their pictures. They support the film for 100 days functions. In addition to this, they conduct social service activities on the name of organization.
e.g.: Blood donation camps, Eye camps etc.
Cons: There will be severe competition between these organisations. Sometimes they give wrong statements about the picture. These opinions discourage the cine fans.

Question 5.
Ask your parents about the plays they had seen during their childhood. (Textbook Page No. 239)
Answer:
Bhuvana Vijayam, Chintamani, Kanyashulkam, Rakta Kanneeru etc., are the most popular plays in those days.

Question 6.
What changes have occurred in drama over the period? (Textbook Page No. 239)
Answer:
In those days there were the dramas of epic stories. Nowadays social dramas are popular. The stage decoration is also changed. Now it is in modern ways. The artists were selected on the basis of voice and its modulation, but now it is based on physique and other things. Mikes are also useful to those who have small voices. But there is no encouragement for these dramas.

Question 7.
Make a mime presentation of five minutes and a play for five minutes. Compare the ease of performance, the themes that can be presented and the communication to the audience. (Textbook Page No. 240)
Answer:
Students should present the activity.
Comparison:

Issues	Mime	Drama
1) The ease of performance.	This is very tough task.	Somehow easy.
2) The themes that can be presented.	Small issues, comedy themes social issues can be opted for presentation.	Social and stories of epics, comedy themes can be opted.
3) The communication to the audience.	The audience can understand the theme easily in such a resonable time.	The audience can understand after hearing the dialogue.

Question 8.
Make a list of sources of entertainment in your village or town. How will you assess their popularity? What changes are occurring over time? (Textbook Page No. 241)
Answer:
There are cinema halls, ‘Kshethrayya Kalakshetram’, Sibar Disney Land and Rajiv Gandhi Park in our city. Out of these cinema halls are always full. Kalakshetram is popular for dramas and other stage programmes. Many people visit Hailand, Disneyland. Rajiv Gandhi Park on Sundays, holidays and summer weekends.
Nowadays people are very crazy about TVs and Cricket Matches. Elders in the families and girls are watching TVs, boys are interested in cricket.

Question 9.
Select some popular TV channels. Form a team of 4 to 5 children. Each team should assess the proportion of time allocated by a channel to various themes like religion, News, films, serials, etc. Share your findings with other teams in the class. (Textbook Page No. 241)
Answer:
Group – A:
Selected: ETV Channel.
The following ETV channel allocated the proportion of time to various programmes.

Morning	Noon		Night
6.00    – Aradhana 6.30 – Annadhata 7.00   – ETV News 7.30 – Subhamastu 8.30 – Tollywood Time 9.00    – Paduta Teeyaga	12.00   – D Juniors 1.30 – Jayapradam 3.00    – Alito jalliga	4.30 – Extra Jabardast 6.00 – ETV @ 20	9.00 – ETV News 9.30 – Reas Dectective 10.45 – Eenadu Cinema

Group – B:
Selected: Maa TV Channel.
Hence there is variation in programmes of various channels selected by different groups.

Morning	Noon	Evening	Night
7.30 – Raasi Phalam	12.30 – Cinema	6.30 – Cinema	8.30 – Cinema
8.30- Vehari	3.30 – Cinema
10.00- Mahabharat

Question 10.
List at least two more films which tell about the freedom struggle. (Textbook Page No. 242)
Answer:
Bharatheeyudu, Mangal Pandey and Bhagath Singh.

Question 11.
Collect patriotic songs from the Telugu movies. (Textbook Page No. 242)
Answer:

1. Bharatha yuvatha kadalira,
   Navayuva Bharatha vidhayaka Bharatha yuvatha kadaliraa!
2. Jananee janmabhoomischa Swargadapi gareeyasi
3. Naa janmabhoomi entha andamaina desamu Naa lllu Andulona Kammani Pradesamu
4. Punyabhoomi naa desam namo namami Dhanyabhoomi naa desam sada smarami.

Question 12.
Analyse the latest movie that you saw for its content and influence on children like you. (Textbook Page No. 243)
Answer:
Sreemanthudu was the latest movie which I saw. In this picture hero was much interested in rural development programme. In order to develop a village he adopts the whole village. In this regard he faces some consequences with villains and finally he implements some programmes for the development of the village people. This movie mobilises each and every person towards development, of the society.

Question 13.
Make a list of movies that various students in the class have seen during the month.
Rank them on a scale of 0 to 5 for violence; where 5 is for films with no violence and f for films with repulsive violence. (Student Activity) (Textbook Page No. 243)
Answer:

1. Sri Rama Rajyam – 5
2. Baadshah – 1
3. Mirchi – 2
4. Greeku Veerudu – 3
5. Swamy Raa Raa – 3
6. Aravind – II – 2

Question 14.
Collect one week issues of the (Eenadu, Sakshi) newspapers. In the above teams make a list of special features and the days on which they appear and present it to the class. Give your reasons why such features are published by the newspaper. (Textbook Page No. 244)
Answer:
I divided my class into three different, groups and given work to all of them to gather information on what issues are presented from one week onwards.

First group: Read Eenadu.
In this newspaper they mention about burning topic of construction of dams. Why the newspapers are presented that issues means, to explain the people what programmes are implemented by the government and how far they are completed and reached to people.

Second group: Andhra Jyothi newspaper they mentioned about A.P special status issue in the Parliament.
In this newspaper they are presenting what are the demands of A.P people and how far central government fulfill these. Due to this people known about what’s going on in our country and state.

Third group: The Hindu newspaper.
It is publishing the news about NEET Exam.
Because lakhs of science students are waiting for what judgement is going to be given by Supreme Court. Is it beneficial to them or not?
Like this, the newspapers are presenting the burning issues and brought to the common people to know what’s going on in our country And made them to alert about their future.

Question 15.
There are also journals on various purposes. Collect a cover page of old issues of various magazines available in your village/ town and classify them according to the subject. Are there any other ways of classifying these journals? (Textbook Page No. 244)
Answer:

1. Swathi – Weekly – Entertainment
2. Navya – Weekly – Entertainment
3. India Today – Weekly – Politics
4. Sitara – Weekly – Cine Magazine
5. Vipula – Story book – Monthly
6. Chathura – Novel – Monthly

Many magazines are there like this.
These can be classified in many ways like periodicity, subjects, language etc.