AP Board 4th Class English Solutions 8th Lesson The Tree and the River

Andhra Pradesh AP Board 4th Class English Solutions 8th Lesson The Tree and the River Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 4th Class English Solutions Chapter 8 The Tree and the River

Textbook Page No. 102

Observe the pictures given below carefully.

Activity – 1

Work in pairs. Think and share your responses for the following questions.

Question 1.
What is the first picture about ?
Answer:
It is about planting trees and protecting them.

Question 2.
What are the people doing ?
Answer:
They are planting plants.

Question 3.
Who are green volunteers ?
Answer:
They are the ones who keep the environment clean and green.

Question 4.
What do you observe in the second picture? Why is the place beautiful?
Answer:
We see beautiful nature, Because it has trees and river.

Question 5.
Tell some differences between the two pictures.
Answer:
1^st picture :
– There are no plants and animals.
– It looks like drought area.
2^nd picture :
– There are plants and animals,
– This area has all the resources,

Question 6.
What will happen if there are no trees and rivers on earth?
Answer:
There would be no life on the earth.

Textbook Page No. 105

Comprehension :

Activity-2

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Who are the two characters talking to each other?
Answer:
Tree and the River are taking to each other.

Question 2.
What does the expression “the waste is choking around me” mean in the story?
Answer:
The river in the story feeling that, all the waste is dumping in it.

Question 3.
Why did they comfort each other ?
Answer:
Because they were good friends.

Question 4.
How did they convey the problem to the green club?
Answer:
They conveyed the problem by writing a letter.

Question 5.
How was their problem solved?
Answer:
Through the Green volunteers.

Question 6.
What do you do to make your school “clean and green”?
Answer:
Planting plants and keeping surroundings clean.

II. Sequence the following jumbled sentences as they occur in the story.

a. The tree and the river were very good friends.
b. They wrote aletter to the Green Club volunteers to solve their problem.
c. One day, they met each other and discussed the problem of dying soon.
d. The Green Club Volunteers took all the steps to save the river and the tree.
e. The tree and the river thanked them for saving their lives.
Answer :
a,
c,
b,
d,
e

Vocabulary

A. Dictionary Reference
Look at the picture given below carefully.

Let us understand what a dictionary is. A dictionary is a reference book that has a list of words arranged alphabetically with their meanings.

* A dictionary entry will have the word.
* Its parts of speech and meaning.
* Example sentence / sample sentence, etc.

Read the following sentence. Observe the underlined word.

They wrote a letter to the Green Club volunteers.
What is the meaning of the underlined word ? Well, if you can’t guess its meaning from the sentence clue, we generally refer to a dictonary in order to know its meaning.
Let us know how to refer to a dictionary for a meaning.

Observe the following dicionary entry of the word ‘volunteer’.

Notice the arrows in four colours. The red arrow indicates the word ‘volunteer’ entry. The blue one indicates its parts of speech. The green arrow indicates a meaning of the word and the pink one indicates a sample/ example sentence.
From the above dictionary entry, it is clear that the meaning of the word volunteer is ‘a person who does a job without being paid for it.’
Likewise, we can refer to the dictionary and understand word meanings, spellings and any other related information which we do not know.

Activity-2

A. Arrange the following words in alphabtical order.

1. tree, river, volunteer, letter, _____________
Answer:
letter, river, tree, volunteer

2. cool, care, cut, clean _____________
Answer:
care, clean, cool, cut

3. green, garden, grass, guava _____________
Answer:
garden, grass, green, guava

4. water, waste, weather, wave _____________
Answer:
waste, water, wave, weather

5. friend, flow, fun, faith _____________
Answer:
faith, flow friend, fun

B. Look up these words in your dictionary.

1) sorrow: _____________
Answer: sadness

2) dump: _____________
Answer: throw down

3) club: _____________
Answer: society

4) choke : _____________
Answer: suffocate

Anagrams

Example 1: Look at the underlined words in the following sentence.
The waste is choking me.
We can make a new word by rearranging the letters of the word ‘waste’. The new word is ‘SWEAT’. Here SWEAT is called an anagram of ‘WASTE’.

Example 2 observe the words ‘earth’ and ‘heart’carefully to understand the anagrams clearly.
The word ‘heart’ is an anagram of the word ‘earth’.

So an anagram is a word formed by rearranging all the letters of another word / given word. The new word gets formed by using each letter only once.
e.g. care — race, live — evil, tea — eat

Textbook Page No. 109

Activity – 3

Write anagrams of the following words. Use the hints given in brackets. The beginning letter of the is also given a clue. One is done for you.

1. finder: friend (one who helps when we face problems)
Answer:
2. swing: w ____ (things that help birds to fly)
Answer: ings
3. garden: d___(another word for ‘unsafe’)
Answer: anger
4. dusty: s____(you go to school to do this)
Answer: tudy
5. arts: s_____ (we see them in night sky)
Answer: tar

One-word substitution.

Look at the following group of underlined words given below.
A written message from one person to another person can be sub-stituted with one word: ‘letter’.
In the above example, the underlined part is replaced / substituted with a single word : ‘letter’. A single word substitutes the other group of words / sentence. This is called one-word substitution. This is one of the important components of word building and will help us to be precise in our speech/writing.

Examples :

1. a continuous dry weather period without rain fall: ‘drought’
2. an act of growing plants and tress in large farm: ‘plantation’

Word partners : (Collocations)

Read the following sentence. Observe the underlined words.
Wiping the tears, the tree said.
In the above sentence, the word ‘WIPE’ goes well with the word ‘TEARS’. These natural word combinations are called ‘collocations’. It sounds natural to say ‘wipe your tears’. It does not sound good or natural to say ‘clean your tears or ‘remove your tears’.

Examples:

1. save time, save money, save energy, save electricity, etc.
2. tell a story, tell the truth, tell a lie, tell a secret, tell the difference, etc.
3. say hello, say yes/no, say goodbye, say thank you, say sorry, etc.

Grammar

Let’s Know and Do
Adverbs of Place
Read the following sentences taken from the story. Notice the underlined words.
1. Everything there was so lively.
2. Look here.
What do the words ‘there’ and ‘here’ refer to in the above sentences? These two words refer to some place.
In the above sentences, the underlined words are called adverbs of place as they indicate place. They simply answer an important question word ‘where’.

Textbook Page No. 111

Activity-4

A. Read the following song and underline the adverbs of place, one is done for you.
(clue : They answer the question word ‘where’)

Sock Song
Upstairs
Downstairs
Where can they be ?
I can’t find my socks anywhere
and they can find me nowhere!
I look here.
I look there.
Where have they gone?
I can’t find my socks
and I need to put them on!
Inside
Outside
Hanging on the line ?
I can find my socks somewhere.
I look all around
and when I’ve found my socks ………..
I’ll be hunting for my shoes!
Now, let us look at some other adverbs of places and the contexts / situations where we use them.

1. Adverbs of place referring to distances.
Examples : nearby, far, away, etc.
2. Adverbs indicating places.
Examples : up, down, inside, outside, here, there, anywhere, nowhere, upstairs, downstairs, back, around, away, north, etc.
3. Adverbs of place indicating object’s position.
Examples: behind, above, through, between, below, underneath, etc.
4. Adverbs of place indicating movement in particular direction.
Examples : forward, backward, towards, westward, eastward, onwards….

Textbook Page No. 112

Activity-5

B : Choose the suitable adverbs from the given options to complete each sentence.

1. The children are playing cricket ____ (somewhere/outside) the school.
Answer: outside
2. Let us go _____ and watch the stars, (inside / upstairs)
Answer: upstairs
3. Is there any post office _____ (away / nearby)?
Answer: nearby
4. Lock the door when you go _____ (nowhere / out)
Answer: out
5. My grandfather searched for glasses ______ (anywhere / everywhere)
Answer: everywhere

Conventions of writing : Use of full stop / period (.), question mark (?) and exclamatory mark (!)

Look at the following sentences. Notice the underlined punctuation marks.

1. The river was crying
2. What is the matter
3. Look at me
4. What a big change

* The second sentence is a question (for information). A question mark (?) comes at the end to indicate a question.
* The third sentence contains a simple instruction / command. This sentence is complete in its meaning. A full stop (.) is used at the end.
* The fourth sentence contains a feeling / emotion. Such sentences always end with an exclamatory mark (!).

Textbook Page No. 113

Activity-6

A. Complete the blanks in the table given below.

Answer:

B. Use a fulstop (.), question (?) or an exclamatory mark (!) wherever necessary in the following sentences.

1. Ramu waters the plants.
Answer:
Ramu waters the plants

2. Do you keep your surroundings clean.
Answer:
Do you keep your surroundings clean

3. Don’t throw the papers. Put them in the bin.
Answer:
Don’t throw the papers Put them in the bin.

4. What a beautiful garden! So nice to see
Answer:
What a beautiful garden! So nice to see.

Textbook Page No. 114

Writing

Activity-7

I. Read the following and complete the letter.

Here is the letter written on behalf of the tree and the river expressing thanks to the Green Club of Andhra Pradesh. Fill in the blanks to complete the letter.
You may choose the words from those given in brackets.

(faithfully, Guntur, happily, volunteers, Andhra Pradesh, saved, thankful, you, Tree and River)

Answer:

Reply Letter           Date : 30-12-2020 To The Green Volunteers, Green Club, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. Dear Green Volunteers, We are very thankful to you. You saved our lives. Hope we will live happily. Thank you once again. Yours faithfully, Tree and River

II. Linkers or connecting words.

Read the following lines to understand the sequence of actions that take place in planting a sapling. Pay attention to the words underlined.
First, dig a large hole in the soil. Make sure there is a plenty of space for the roots. Next, put some manure at the bottom of the hole. Then, place the sapling gently in the hole. After that place some extra soil and dry leaves around the plant to hold water in the soil. Finally, pour some water around the sapling and give the follow up care.

We use the words ‘first’, next, and ‘then’ and ‘finally’ in the above text to sequence the steps involved in planting a sapling.
From the above, we understand that we use some linkers to indicate connection among sentences / order the steps for the smooth flow of ideas or processes.

Activity-8

Write a recipe to prepare lemon juice (lemonade). Use the words and linkers given in the boxes.

First, take two lemons, water, sugar and knife. Next cut the lemons into two pieces and squeeze them in a glass. Thee add some water to the glass.


After that put some sugar and mix. Finally stir it and have a drink. The lemon juice is ready now.

Listening and Responding

Listen to the news and respond to the questions.

P L. N. Zilla Parishad High School, Kinthali.
News from 4 ndhra Pradesh

The P. L. N. Zilla Parishad high school has brought big change in the surrounding schools of Andhra Pradesh. It has now become a role model school for the entire district.

This school has achieved 100% cleanliness condition. The cleanliness drive was started by the Headmaster and the students. Every saturday they use to do ‘Shramdaan The students and the teachers use to pick up plastic and other
waste materials in and around the school and put them in wet waste and dry waste pits for compost preparation. By doing so they keep their school and their environment clean and healthy.

Activity-9

Tick (✓) the correct choice as you listen.

Question 1.
The programme started by the government.
a) Vriksha Bharath Abhiyan
b) Swachh Bharath Adbhiyan
c) Role model programme
d) Helping villagers programme
Answer:
b) Swachh Bharath Abhiyan

Question 2.
In which district of A.P. is Challapalli village located ?
a) Anantapuram
b) Srikakulam
c) Guntur
d) Krishna
Answer:
d) Krishna

Question 3.
Who started the ‘Swachh Challapalli’ drive’?
a) Dr. Hari Krishna & Dr. Leelavathi
b) Dr. Radha Krishna & Dr. Revathi
c) Dr. Rama Krishna & Dr. Padmavathi
d) Dr. Jaya krishna & Dr. Jayalalitha
Answer:
c) Dr. Rama Krishna & Dr. Padmavathi

Question 4.
What time does the ‘cleanliness drive’ start every day?
a) 6:00 am
b) 4:30 am
c) 5:00 am
d) 6:30 am
Answer:
b) 4:30 am

Question 5.
Why did Swachh Challapalli became a Role model village for the entire country?
a) caring trees and plants
b) The doctors’ active role
c) use of plastic in the village
d) 100% cleanliness
Answer:
d) 100% cleanliness

Textbook Page No. 117

Activity-10

Speaking : Role play : Look at the following speaking cards. Work in pairs and do a Role-Play by using the cards.

Speaking Card- 1
Kaya: What do you do to make the earth ‘green?
Nithya: I don’t eut trees. I grow them more.

Spcakin Card- 2
Akhil: What do you do to keep the atmosphere cool?
Mukesh: I ride a bicycle more. I don’t use a car.

Speaking Card – 3
Swathi: What do you do to keep your surroundings clean?
Lahari: I always use dust bins. I don’t throw away the waste anywhere.

Textbook Page No. 118

Activity-11

Language function:

A. Look at the following sentences.

1. Please’ use the dustbin. Don’t throw the waste anywhere.
2. ‘Please do not’ cut down the trees. They give us rain.

From the above sentences, it is clear that we use the word ‘please’ in the beginning of the sentence to request/persuade someone to do/not to do something.

B. Read the following. Write the sentences using Please or ‘please do not’. One is done for you.

1. I advise you to be regular to school.
Answer:
Please, come to school regularly.

2. You should not waste water. Water is so precious.
Answer:
Please, don’t waste water

3. I advise you not to use car to take you everywhere.
Answer:
Please, do not use car to everywhere.

4. I advise you not to pluck flowers from the plants.
Answer:
Please, do not pluck flowers from the plants.

The Rainbow

Boats sail on the rivers,
And ships sail on the seas;
But clouds that sail across the šky
Are prettier than these.
There are bridges on the rivers.
As pretty as you please;
But the bow that bridges heaven,
And overtops the trees,
And builds a road from earth to sky,
Is prettier far than these.
– Christina Rosetti

sail : to float/travel on watêr; పడవ ప్రయాణము
prettier : very attractivë / lovely to look at; ముచ్చటైన
please : to make feel happy or satisfied; సంతోషకరమైన

Textbook Page No. 120

Comprehension

Answer the following questions :

Question 1.
What sail bn the river ?
Answer:
Ships sail on the river.

Question 2.
Clouds are prettier than ‘these’. What does the word ‘these’ refer to in the poem?
Answer:
‘These’ refer to ships and boats,

Question 3.
In the poet’s opinion, what is far prettier than all other things mentioned in the poem?
Answer:
The Rainbow is far prettier than all other things.

Question 4.
When does the rainbow appear ?
Answer:
It appears on sunny and rainy.

Question 5.
Describe the rainbow in your own words?
Answer:
Rainbow has 7 colours and it is beautiful to see.

Activity-12

A. Say aloud the following words. Write the words that sound different from the rest of the words.

1. star, car, far, here ____
Answer: here
2. lot, hot, boat, cot ______
Answer: boat
3. tough, puff, bluff, cough ______
Answer: cough
4. šky, tree, fly, cry ______
Answer: tree
5. sail, tail, tale, nail ______
Answer: tale

The Tree and the River

Summary :

A tree and a river were good friends. They shared their happiness and sorrow. They helped the wildlife. The tree kept the river water cool. They lived happily. Suddenly, once there was a severe drought. Tree saw the river crying. Then the river told that it will die soon because everyone is dumping waste in it. Then, the tree said that it is also bad because people are cutting it. Both of them went to the Green Club for help. They wrote a letter to the Green Club. They explained their problem and asked them to save them from danger. The Green Club volunteers took it seriously. They started planting trees and took different steps to save trees and keep rivers clean. After a few months, the river and tree were happy. They felt happy for the change and thanked the Green Volunteers.

సారాంశము

ఒక చెట్టు మరియు నది మంచి స్నేహితులు. అవి తమ సంతోషాలను బాధలను పంచుకునేవి. ఆ చెట్టు నదిలోని నీటిని చల్లగా ఉంచేది. ఎంతో ఆనందంగా జీవితాన్ని గడిపేవారు. ఒకసారి తీవ్రమైన కరువు వచ్చింది. చెట్టు, నదిని ఏడవడం చూసి ఎందుకు అని అడుగుతుంది. అప్పుడు ఆ నది, అందరూ చెత్తను వేసి తనకు అడ్డుకట్ట వేస్తున్నారని చెప్పింది. అప్పుడు ఆ చెట్టు తనకి కూడా పెరగడానికి నీళ్ళు లేవని అందరూ నరికివేస్తున్నారని చెప్తుంది.

దాంతో రెండు కలిసి గ్రీన్ క్లబ్ ను సహాయం కోరదామని నిర్ణయించుకుంటాయి. తమ కష్టాలను గ్రీన్ క్లబ్ వారికి ఒక లేఖ ద్వారా తెలియజేస్తాయి. తమను రక్షించమని వేడుకుంటాయి. ఈ విషయాన్ని గ్రీన్ క్లబ్ సభ్యులు తీసుకొని మొక్కలు నాటడం మొదలు పెడతారు. చెట్లను, నదులను స్వచ్ఛంగా, శుభ్రంగా ఉ౦చడానికి గల మార్గాలు అనుసరించారు. కొన్ని నెలల తర్వాత, ఆ చెట్లు మరియు నది సంతోషించాయి. ఈ సంతోషానికి కారణం అయిన గ్రీన్ క్లబ్ వారికి ధన్యవాదాలు తెలుపుకున్నాయి. ఆనందంగా జీవించసాగాయి.

Glossary :-

drought = long period with no rain; కరువు
wiping = clearing / removing ; తుడుచు
choking = fill a space to make movement difficult / have trouble breathing; అడ్డంపడు
comfort = make someone feel better from worries or problems; సుఖం
volunteers = people who work for an organization without money ; స్వచ్ఛ౦ద సేవకులు
mercy = kindness; జాలి
seriously = importantly and carefully; నిజముగా
mass = a large number of; విస్తారము
planting = an act of growing plants and trees; మొక్కలు నాటు