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AP State Syllabus AP Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 7 Introduction to Algebra InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 6th Class Maths Solutions 7th Lesson Introduction to Algebra InText Questions

Let’s Explore (Page No. 102)

Question 1.
Arrange 2 matchsticks to form the shape Continue the same shape for 2 times, 3 times and 4 times. Frame the rule for repeating the pattern.
Solution:
To make the given shape 2 matchsticks are needed.
To make the given 2 shapes 4 matchsticks are needed.
To make the given 3 shapes 6 matchsticks are needed.
To make the given 4 shapes 8 matchsticks are needed.
Continue and arrange the information in the following table.

Number of matchsticks required = 2 × Number of shapes to be formed
= 2 × x = 2x

Question 2.
Rita took matchsticks to form the shape
She repeated the pattern and gave a rule.
Number of matchsticks needed = 6.y, where y is the number of shapes to be formed. Is it correct ? Explain.
What is the number of sticks needed to form 5 such shapes ?
Solution:

To make the given shape 6 matchsticks are needed.
To make the given 2 shapes 12 matchsticks are needed.
To make the given 3 shapes 18 matchsticks are needed.
Continue and arrange the information in the following table.

Yes, it is correct.
Number of matchsticks required = 2 × Number of shapes to be formed
= 2 × y = 2y
Number of matchsticks needed to form 5 such shapes = 6 × 5 = 30

Let’s Explore (Page No. 103)

Question 1.
A line of shapes is constructed using matchsticks.

Shape-1 Shape-2 Shape-3 Shape-4
i) Find the rule that shows how many sticks are needed to make a line of such shapes ?
ii) How many matchsticks are needed to form shape -12 ?
Solution:

Number of matchsticks 3 5 7 9
i) Let us know the pattern
S₁ = 3 = 2 + 1 = (1 × 2) + 1
S₂ = 5 = 4 + 1 = (2 × 2) + 1
S₃ = 7 = 6 + 1 = (3 × 2) + 1
S₄ – 9 = 8 + 1 = (4 × 2) + 1
Now the rule for this pattern is number of matchsticks.

ii) Used to make ‘n’ number of shapes is Sn = (n × 2) + 1 = 2n + 1
Number of matchsticks needed to form shape – 12 is
S₁₂ = 2(12) + 1 = 24 + 1 = 25 sticks.

Check Your Progress (Page No. 105)

Question 1.
Fill the following table as instructed. One is shown for you.

Solution:

Let’s Explore ? (Page No. 106)

Question 1.
Find the general rule for the perimeter of a rectangle. Use variables T and ‘b’ for length and breadth of the rectangle respectively.
Solution:
Given length of rectangle = l
breadth of rectangle = b
We know that the perimeter of rectangle is twice the sum of its length and breadth.
Sum of length and breadth = l + b
Twice the sum of length and breadth = 2 × (l + b)
Rule for the perimeter of a rectangle = 2(l + b)

Question 2.
Find the general rule for the area of a square by using the variable ‘s’ for the side of a square.
Answer:
Given side of a square = s
We know that the area of a square is the product of side and side.
Area of a square = side × side
Rule for the area of a square = s.s

(Page No. 107)

Question 1.
Find the nth term in the following sequences.
0 3, 6, 9, 12, ii) 2, 5, 8, 11, iii) 1, 4, 9, 16,
Solution:
i) Given number pattern is 3, 6, 9, 12,……………..
To find the nth term in the given pattern, we put the sequence in a table.

First number = 3 × 1
Second number = 3 × 2
nth number = 3 × n = 3n
So, the nth term of the pattern 3, 6, 9, 12, is 3n.

ii) Given number pattern is 2, 5, 8, 11,
To find the nth term in the given pattern, we put the sequence in a table.

First number = 2 = 3 × 1 – 1
Second number = 5 = 3 × 2 – 1
Third number = 8 = 3 × 3 – 1
nth number = 3 × n – 1 = 3n – 1
So, the nth term of the pattern 2, 5, 8, 11 is 3n – 1.

iii) Given number pattern is 1, 4, 9, 16,
To find the nth term in the given pattern, we put the sequence in a table.

First number =1 = 1 × 1
Second number = 4 = 2 × 2
Third number =9 = 3 × 3
nth number = n × n = n²
So, the nth term of the pattern 1, 4, 9, 16 is n².

Check Your Progress (Page No. 108)

Question 1.
Complete the table and find the value of ‘p’ for the equation \(\frac{\mathbf{p}}{\mathbf{3}}\) = 4

Solution:

Question 2.
Write LHS and RHS of following simple equations.
i) 2x + 1 = 10
ii) 9 = y – 2
iii) 3p + 5 = 2p + 10
Solution;
i) 2x+ 1 = 10
Given equation is 2x + 1 = 10
L.H.S = 2x + 1
R.H.S = 10

ii) 9 = y – 2
Given equation is 9 = y – 2
LHS = 9
RHS = y – 2

iii) 3p + 5 = 2p + 10
Given equation is 3p + 5 = 2p + 10
LHS = 3p + 5
RHS = 2p + 10

Question 3.
Write any two simple equations and write their LHS and RHS.
Solution:
i) Consider 8x + 3 = 4 is a simple equation.
L.H.S = 8x + 3
RHS = 4

ii) Consider 5a + 6 = 8a – 3 is a simple equation.
LHS = 5a + 6
RHS = 8a – 3

Let’s Explore (Page No. 109)

Observe for what value of m, the equation 3m = 15 has both LHS and RHS become equal.
Solution:
Given equation is 3m = 15
If m = 1, then the value of 3m = 3(1) = 3≠15 ∴ LHS ≠RHS
If m = 2, then the value of 3m = 3(2) = 6 ≠ 15 ∴ LHS ≠ RHS
If m = 3, then the value of 3m = 3(3) = 9≠15 ∴ LHS ≠ RHS
If m = 4, then the value of 3m = 3(4) = 12 ≠ 15 ∴ LHS ≠ RHS
If m = 5, then the value of 3m = 3(5) = 15 = 15 ∴ LHS = RHS
From the above when m = 5 the both LHS and RHS are equal

AP State Syllabus AP Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Basic Geometric Concepts Unit Exercise Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 6th Class Maths Solutions 8th Lesson Basic Geometric Concepts Unit Exercise

Question 1.
In the given figure, measure the length of AC. Check whether
i) AB + AC > AC
ii) AC > AD – DC
Solution:
In the given figure, AB = 4.2 cm; BC = 5.5 cm
AC = 5.4 cm; CD = 3 cm; AD = 4 cm.
i) AB + AC = 4.2 + 5.4 = 9.6 cm > 5.4 cm
AB + AC > AC
ii) AD – DC = 4 – 3 = 1 cm < 5.4 cm
AD – DC < AC (or) AC > AD – DC

Question 2.
Draw a line segment \(\overline{\mathbf{A B}}\). Put a point C in between \(\overline{\mathbf{A B}}\). Extend \(\overline{\mathbf{C B}}\) upio D such that CD > AB. Now check whether AC and BD are equal length.
Solution:

Let draw a line \(\overline{\mathbf{A B}}\) = 5 cm and mark a point C on \(\overline{\mathbf{A B}}\) such that \(\overline{\mathbf{A C}}\) = 3 cm (or) \(\overline{\mathbf{BC}}\) = 2 cm Extend \(\overline{\mathbf{C B}}\) up to D such that \(\overline{\mathbf{C D}}\) = 5 cm (\(\overline{\mathbf{C B}}\) = 2 cm, \(\overline{\mathbf{B D}}\) = 3 cm)
∴ \(\overline{\mathbf{A C}}\) = 3cm, \(\overline{\mathbf{C B}}\) = 2cm, \(\overline{\mathbf{B D}}\) = 3cm
∴ \(\overline{\mathrm{AC}}=\overline{\mathrm{BD}}\) = 3cm.

Question 3.
Draw an angle ∠AOB as m∠AOB = 40°. Draw an angle ∠BOC such that ∠AOC = 90°
Check whether m∠AOB + m∠BOC = m∠AOC.
Sol. Draw an angle ∠AOB = 40° and ∠AOC = 90° on the same ray \(\overrightarrow{\mathrm{OA}}\)
Now, measure ∠AOB = 40° and ∠BOC = 50°
∴ m∠AOB + m∠BOC = 40° + 50 = 90°
m∠AOB + m∠BOC = 90° = m∠AOC
∴ m∠AOB + m∠BOC = m∠AOC.

Question 4.
Draw an angle ∠XYZ as m∠XYZ = 62°. Measure the exterior angle ∠XYZ.
Solution:

Draw angle ∠XYZ = 62° (Interior)
Now, measure the exterior angle ∠XYZ.
∴ Exterior angle of ∠XYZ = 298°

Question 5.
Match the following.
1. Set square — A) to measure angles
2. Protractor — B) to measure the lengths of line segments
3. Divider — C) to draw parallel lines
Sol. 1) Set square — C) to draw parallel lines
2) Protractor — A) to measure angles
3) Divider — B) to measure the lengths of line segments

Question 6.
List out the letters of English alphabet (capital letters) which consist of right angles.
Solution:
The letters which consists of right angles in English alphabet are

Question 7.
Measure the angles ∠AQP, ∠CPR, ∠BRQ.

Find m∠AQP, m∠CPR, m∠BRQ.
Solution:
In the given figure, measure the angles ∠AQR, ∠CPR, ∠BRQ
∠AQP = 120°
∠CPR = 120°
and ∠BRQ = 120°
∴ m∠AQP = 120°; m∠CPR = 120°; m∠BRQ = 120°

AP State Syllabus AP Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Basic Geometric Concepts Ex 8.4 Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 6th Class Maths Solutions 8th Lesson Basic Geometric Concepts Ex 8.4

Question 1.

Measure all the angles in the above figures.

∠1 = 70°
∠3 = 70°
∠5 = 70°
∠7 = 70°

∠2 = 110°
∠4 = 110°
∠6 = 110°
∠8= 110°

∠a = 60°
∠c = 60°
∠e = 50°
∠g = 50°

∠b = 120°
∠d = 120°
∠f = 130°
∠h = 130°

Question 2.
Sum of which two angles is 180° in each figure ?
Solution:
From above question,
i) ∠1 + ∠2 = 180°

i) ∠1 + ∠2 = 180°
∠2 + ∠3 = 180°
∠1 + ∠4 = 180°
∠3 + ∠4 = 180°

∠5 + ∠6 = 180°
∠6 + ∠7 = 180°
∠7 + ∠8 = 180°
∠5 + ∠8 = 180°

∠1 + ∠8 = 180°
∠4 + ∠5 = 180°
∠2 + ∠7 = 180°
∠3 + ∠6 = 180°

ii) ∠a + ∠b = 180°
∠b + ∠c = 180°
∠c + ∠d = 180°
∠a + ∠d = 180°

∠e + ∠f = 180°
∠f + ∠g = 180°
∠g + ∠h = 180°
∠e + ∠h = 180°

Question 3.
In the given figure measure ∠FOG and draw the same in your note book.

Solution:

Question 4.
In the given figure measure the angles ∠AOB, ∠BOC.

Solution:

∠AOB = 110°
∠BOC = 60°
∠AOC = 50°

Question 5.
Write some acute, obtuse and reflexive angles atleast 2 for each.
Solution:
Acute angles : 10°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 89° (< 90°)
Obtuse angles : 110°, 150°, 160°, 172°, 178° (90° < obtuse < 180°) Reflex angles : 210°, 270°, 300°, 345°, 359° (reflex > 180°)

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class English Textbook Solutions Chapter 3A Puru, the Brave Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Solutions Chapter 3A Puru, the Brave

7th Class English Chapter 3A Puru, the Brave Textbook Questions and Answers

Look at the picture and answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
Talk about what is happening in the picture.
Answer:
It is the scene of a fierce battle of ancient times. It appears to be completely an Indian battle. The soldiers of both the sides of the battle are using the old instruments of warfare – swords, daggers and spears. Battle is going on fiercely. The soldiers are slashing their swords with lightning speed. Though they are well armoured the soldiers of both sides are wounded seriously. Their heads are cut off. Some lost their limbs. The battle field must have become red with the bloodshed.

Question 2.
What do you think may be the cause of the war?
Answer:
The thirst of conquering the other’s kingdom.

Question 3.
Who is Puru? What do you know about him?
Answer:
Puru is a brave king. He fights bravely. He is patriotic and a man of self-respect.

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Who is Alexander?
Answer:
Alexander is the King of Macedonia.

Question 2.
Why did the generals and Alexander think that the battle of Jhelum would go down in the history of the world?
Answer:
They thought that it would go down in the history of the world because they had never fought such a battle before. Every Indian soldier fought like a hungry tiger. The Greeks had to fight hard until Puru was injured and captured.

Question 3.
What do you think is the reason for Indian soldiers’ defeat?
Answer:
Indian soldiers fought bravely like tigers. But the generals were not so skilful as the Greek generals. They followed the old methods of warfare. They depended more upon their elephants. So they were defeated.

Question 4.
Do you think that Indian generals were not as brave as the Greek generals?
Answer:
No, I don’t hink so. Our Indian generals were braver than the Greek generals. Even Alexander himself admitted this fact and said he had the highest respect for them.

Question 5.
Do you believe that Puru was really proud ? Give reasons. Do you justify his pride? How?
Answer:
No. Puru was not really proud. He was a man of self-respect. He showed how a king should behave with another king. He did not misbehave with Alexander. Moreover he greeted Alexander when he entered the court. Thus his pride was justifiable.

Question 6.
If you were Alexander, what would you do with Puru?
Answer:
If I were Alexander, I too would behave like Alexander. I mean that Alexander respected and honoured Puru in apt way 1 too would like to have friendship with Puru.

II. Tick (✓) the correct answers.

1. Alexander asked his soldiers to remove the chains of Puru because ( )
a) he was sympathetic to Puru.
b) he did not like a brave man like Puru in chains.
c) Puru requested Alexander to remove his chains.
d) Alexander did not dare see Puru in chains.
Answer:
b) he did not like a brave man like Puru in chains.

2. Puru did not accept Alexander’s proposal to be a vassal because ( )
a) he was very proud.
b) he was very brave and patriotic,
c) he was not very wise.
d) he did not have respect for Alexander.
Answer:
b) he was very brave and patriotic

3. Alexander made friends with Puru because, ( )
a) Puru accepted that Alexander was really great.
b) Alexander wanted to make use of Puru’s services.
c) Alexander liked Puru’s bravery and self-respect.
d) Alexander was very kind.
Answer:
c) Alexander liked Puru’s bravery and self-respect.

4. Alexander was really great because, ( )
a) he defeated Puru.
b) he made friends with a brave king like Puru. .
c) he defeated Puru, set him free, respected, and made friends with him.
d) he was the conqueror of the world.
Answer:
c) he defeated Puru, set him free, respected, and made friends with him.

I. Pick out the antonyms from the text for the words given below.

Answer:
1) defeat
2) brave
3) proud
4) reject
5) independent

II. Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph with the words given in the box.

I know that you are very ……………………… and ………………………. of the position you hold. But I am really ………………….. to know that you feel as though you have ……………… the world. These days nobody is being …………………. by the other. I would like to make a ……………………. so that you will ……………………. humble and ………………… I hope my words …………………. your imagination and you ………………….. me as your teacher.
Answer:
1) skilful
2) worthy
3) amazed
4) conquered
5) frightened
6) proposal
7) remain
8) lawful
9) capture
10) respect

III. Look at the following words from the text: 1. independent 2. difference

The word ‘precaution’ consists of two parts – ‘in-’ and ‘dependent’ (prefix+root).
The word ‘dangerous’ consists of two parts ‘differ’ and ‘-ence’ (root+suffix).
Add appropriate prefixes / suffixes to the following roots to make new words. The first one is done for you

Answer:

Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with suitable forms (after adding a prefix/suffix) of the words in brackets.
1. He was acting in a very ——– way. (child)
2. This word is very difficult to spell, and even worse, its ——–. (pronounce)
3. You shouldn’t have done that! It was very ——– of you. (think)
4. He didn’t pass his exam. He was ——– in the second attempt. (succeed)
5. Some of the Indian cities are dreadfully ——–.(crowd)
6. The team won the ——–. (champion)
7. There is a very high ——– that they will be late, (likely)
8. I couldn’t find any ——– in his theory, (weak)
9. There was a three-hour ——– because of the strike, (stop)
10. You need a ——– of motivation, organization and revision to learn English.(combine)
Answer:
1) childish
2) pronunication
3) ill thinking
4) successful
5) crowdy
6) championship
7) likelihood
8) weakness
9) stoppage
10) combination

Grammar

I. Let’s have a look at the following sentences from the text.

1. My kingdom should remain independent.
2. You should treat me as your equal.
3. I must say every Indian soldier fought like a tiger.
In sentence 1, should indicates obligation whereas in 2, it indicates condition.
In sentence 3, “must’ is used to indicate insistence on the part of the speaker / necessity.
It is also used when the speaker has authority over the listener.
It is important to understand how the modals ‘should’ and ‘must’ are used.
(People sometimes use should to indicate something that is desirable and must to indicate obligation. However, some people use them interchangeably.)

Now fill in the blanks in the following paragraph with ‘should or ‘must’.

I –(1)– say that you –(2)– come to school regularly because you cannot miss important lessons. You –(3)– attend extra classes in time tomorrow. Otherwise I will punish you. You –(4)– return my book which I gave you month ago. You –(5)– change your habits otherwise you will not come up in life.
Answer:
1) should
2) must
3) must
4) must
5) should

Now read the conversation between a doctor and a patient and fill in the blanks with should (should not) and must (must not).

Doctor: Mr. Rao, what exactly is your problem?
Patient: I’ve been suffering from gastric problem for a long time.
Doctor: Mr. Rao, I (1)………. say you (2)………. eat non-vegetarian or spicy food for sometime.
Patient: Can I eat boiled eggs or omelette, doctor?
Doctor: Isn’t an egg non-vegetarian ? You (3)………. eat any non-vegetarian food for quite some time. In fact, you (4)………. have stopped eating it long ago. You (5)……….. consult me in a week.
Patient: I am sorry, doctor. I won’t eat non-vegetarian food any longer. You are quite correct, doctor. I (6)………. take your advice and (7)………. avoid eating non-vegetarian and spicy food. Thank you very much, doctor.
Doctor: You are welcome. In think you (8)………. remember my advice.
Answer:
1) must
2) should not
3) must hot
4) should
5) must
6) must
7) must
8) should

II. Look at the following sentences from the text:

1. But their generals are not so good as ours.
2. The Indian generals are not so skillful as the Greek generals.
3. It has been a great battle – perhaps the greatest of my life.

In the above sentences 1&2, the Indian generals are compared with Greek generals. The third sentence means that it was the greatest or the best battle of all his (Alexander’s) battles. When we want to compare one thing with the other, we use degrees of comparison – positive, comparative and superlative forms of adjectives.

If we compare two things or two sets of things, we use positive or comparative forms of adjectives. If we compare more than two things or two sets of things, we use the superlative form of adjectives. We can transform positive, (comparative and superlative degrees) into comparative and superlative and vice versa.

Let us observe the sentences 1 and 2 above.
1. Their generals are not so good as ours.
2. Indian generals are not so skillful as the Greek generals.

The underlined words in the above sentences are adjectives. These are the positive forms of adjectives. The other forms of these adjectives are given below.
Positive              Comparative                   Superlative
good                     better                               best
skillful                 more skillful                   most skillful

The two sentences are said to be in the positive degree since the adjectives are in the positive degree.
They can be transformed into comparative degree by changing the adjectives into comparative degree and making certain other changes.
Sentences 1 and 2 can be changed into comparative forms as shown below:
1. Our generals are better than their generals.
2. The Greek generals are more skillful than Indian generals.

Now look at the third sentence.
It is the greatest battle of my life.
The above sentence can be turned into the comparative and positive degrees as shown below.
It is greater than any other battle of my life.
No other battle of my life is so great as this.

Now look at the following sentence in the superlative degree of comparison:
Puru is one of the bravest kings in the world.
This sentence means that there are a few kings in the world who are as brave as Puru. It also means that Puru is not the only bravest king in the world. Let’s see how the above sentence can be transformed into comparative and positive degrees of comparison.

Puru is braver than many other/ most of the other kings in the world (Comparative)
Very few kings in the world are as brave as Puru. (Positive Degree)

Observe the following forms of comparison of some adjectives.

Change the following sentences into other forms of comparison as indicated in brackets.

1. Rahul Dravid is one of the greatest batsmen in the world. (comparative degree)
Answer:
Rahul Dravid is greater than many other batsmen in the world.

2. Alexander was the greatest soldier in the world. (positive degree)
Answer:
No other soldier in the world was as great as Alexander.

3. India is one of the fastest developing countries in the world. (comparative degree)
Answer:
India is developing faster than many other countries in the world.

4. No other river in the world is so long as the Nile. (superlative degree)
Answer:
The Nile is the longest river in the world.

5. Hindi is one of the most popular languages in India. (positive degree)
Answer:
Very few languages in India are as popular as Hindi.

6. Lara is not so great as Tendulkar. (comparative degree)
Answer:
Tendulkar is greater than Lara.

7. Rekha is one of the most beautiful girls in the class. (positive degree)
Answer:
Very few girls in the class are as beautiful as Rekha.

8. Very few metals are as expensive as platinum. (comparative degree)
Answer:
Platinum is more expensive than many other metals.

9. Shimla is colder than all other hill stations in the Himachal Pradesh. (superlative degree)
Answer:
Shimla is the coldest hill station in Himachal Pradesh.

10. Delhi is one of the most crowded cities of India. (positive degree)
Answer:
Very few cities of India are as crowded as Delhi.

Writing

I. Given below are some jumbled sentences. Rearrange them in the right order and write a meaningful paragraph by using appropriate connectives.

1. Alexander asked Puru why he had rejected his offer.
2. Alexander defeated many kings besides Puru, became the world conqueror, and was called Alexander the Great.
3. Alexander was born in Greek and he was the disciple of the greatest Greek philosopher, Aristotle.
4. Puru lost the battle though his generals and soldiers fought very bravely.
5. Alexander asked his generals to remove the chains and bring Puru to him.
6. Puru killed more than one hundred soldiers but he was gravely injured and chained in the battle.
7. Puru lost the battle as he had used the oldest methods of warfare and elephants.
8. Puru said that he was the lawful owner of his kingdom.
9. Puru was a brave king and a great soldier of Northern India.
10. Alexander liked Puru’s bravery and self-respect , so he became his best friend.
11. There was a great battle between Alexander and Puru on the banks of Jhelum.
12. Alexander asked Puru to be his vassal but he refused.
Answer:
1. Alexander was born in Greek and he was the disciple of the greatest Greek philosopher, Aristotle. (3)
2. Puru was a brave king and a great soldier of Northern India. (9)
3. Alexander asked Puru to be his vassal but he refused. (12)
4. There was a great battle between Alexander and Puru on the banks of Jhelum. (11)
5. Puru killed more than one hundred soldiers but he was gravely injured and chained in the battle. (6)
6. Puru lost the battle though his generals and soldiers fought very bravely. (4)
7. Puru lost the battle as he had used the oldest methods of warfare and elephants. (7)
8. Alexander asked his generals to remove the chains and bring Puru to him. (5)
9. Alexander asked Puru why he had rejected his offer. (1)
10. Puru said that he was the lawful owner of his kingdom. (8)
11. Alexander liked Puru’s bravery and self-respect, so he became his best friend. (10)
12. Alexander defeated many kings besides Puru, became the world conqueror, and was called Alexander the Great. (2)

Forming a paragraph by placing the jumbled sentences in the right order:

Alexander was born in Greek and he was the disciple of the greatest Greek philosopher, Aristotle. Puru was a brave king and a great soldier of Northern India. Alexander asked Puru to be his vassal but refused. So there was a great battle between Alexander and Puru on the banks of Jhelum. Puru killed more than one hundred soldiers but he was gravely injured and chained in the battle. Puru lost the battle though his generals and soldiers fought very bravely. He lost the battle because he had used the oldest methods of warfare and elephants Alexander asked his generals to remove the chains and bring Puru to him. He asked Puru why he had rejected his offer. Puru said that he was the lawful owner of his kingdom. So he rejected the offer of being his vassal. Alexander liked Puru’s bravery and self respect, so he became his best friend Alexander defeated many Kings besides Puru, became the world conqueror, and was called Alexander the great.

II. Rewrite the playlet as a short story. You may follow the steps given below :
Read the drama script as many times as necessary.

Answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
Identify the major events depicted in the drama.
Answer:
Alexander asked Puru to be his vassal – great battle between Puru and Alexander – Puru lost the battle – Puru refused to be a vassal – Puru greatly injured, captured – chained – Puru used the oldest methods of warfare – Puru’s generals and soldiers fought bravely – Puru was / brought before Alexander – Alexander liked Puru’s bravery and self-respect – made friends with Puru.

Question 2.
Take turns and share the major events in the order they occur.
Answer:

1. Alexander asked Puru to be his vassal.
2. Puru refused to be a vassal.
3. Great battle between Puru and Alexander.
4. Puru’s generals and his soldiers fought bravely.
5. Puru used the oldest methods of warfare.
6. Puru lost the battle.
7. Puru greatly injured, captured and chained.
8. Puru was brought before Alexander.
9. Alexander liked Puru’s bravery and self-respect.
10. Made friends with Puru.

Question 3.
Expand each event in terms of:
a) the location where it takes place
b) the characters involved
c) what they say / think / involved
Answer:
a) Expanding the events in terms of the location where its takes place:
3. There was a great battle between Puru and Alexander on the banks of the river Jhelum:
4. Puru’s generals and soldiers fought bravely in the battle field.
8. Puru was brought before Alexander where he was conducting his camp court.

b) Expanding the events in terms of the characters involved:
1. Alexander was the king of Macedonia. His aim was to conquer the whole world.
2. Puru was a king of Northern India.

c) Expanding the events in terms of the characters what they say / think / feel.
At the camp court of Alexander, Alexander and his generals were discussing how bravely Puru and his soldiers fought. Generals said that the battle of Jhelum went down in the history of the world. Alexander admitted that it was the greatest battle he had ever fought. Alexander thought Puru’s faulty battle plans, using old methods of warfare and depending too much on elephants were the causes for Puru’s defeat.

Meanwhile Puru was brought before Alexander. Alexander asked him why he had rejected his offer to be his vassal while all the other kings gladly agreed to do so. Then Puru told that none of them was Puru.
Alexander asked Puru how he’ should treat him. Puru aksed him to treat him as a king should treat another king. .

Question 4.
Write the first draft.
Answer:
Alexander was the king of Macedonia. His aim was to conquer the whole world. Puru was a king of Northern India. Alexander asked Puru to be his vassal. Puru refused Alexander’s offer.

1. There was a battle between Alexander and Puru on the banks of the river Jhelum. Puru and his generals fought bravely at the battle field. Puru was greatly injured.
2. He was captured and he was chained. He lost the battle. At the camp court of Alexander, Alexander and his generals were discussing how bravely Puru and his soldiers fought. The generals opined that the battle of Jhelum would go down in the history of the world. Alexander admitted that it was the greatest battle he had ever fought. He thought that Puru’s faulty battle plans, his using of other oldest methods of warfare and depending too much on elephants were the causes for Puru’s defeat.
3. Puru was brought before Alexander. Alexander asked his soldiers to remove his chains. He asked Puru why he had refused to be his vassal, while all other kings gladly agreed to so. Then Puru told that he was not a traitor like them. Alexander liked Puru’s bravery and self respect.
   He asked Puru how he should treat him. Puru asked him to treat him as a king should treat another king. Alexander asked him whether he would be a friend to him. Puru agreed to be his friend only when Alexander agreed to keep his kingdom independent.
4. Conclusion to be added.

Question 5.
Edit and refine the draft.
Answer:

1. So there was a great battle between Alexander and Puru on the banks of the river Jhelum.
2. Puru was greatly injured, captured and chained.
3. Meanwhile Puru was brought before Alexander after removing his chains.
4. Thus the battle of Jhelum really went down in the history of the world. And Puru was remembered for his bravery, and for his sense of patriotism and self-respect.

Final draft:
Alexander was the king of Macedonia. His aim was to conquer the whole world. Puru was a king of Northern India. Alexander asked Puru to be his vassal. Puru refused Alexander’s offer. So there was a great battle between Alexander and Puru on the banks of the river Jhelum. Puru and his generals fought bravely at the battle field.

Puru was greatly injured, captured and chained. He lost the battle. At the camp court of Alexander, Alexander and his generals were discussing how bravely Puru and his soldiers fought. The generals opined that the battle of Jhelum would go down in the history of the world. Alexander admitted that it was the greatest battle he had ever fought. He thought that Puru’s faulty battle plans, his using of the oldest methods of warfare and depending too much on elephants were the causes for Puru’s defeat.

Meanwhile Puru was brought before Alexander after removing his chains. He asked Puru why he had refused to be his vassal, while all other kings gladly agreed to do so. Then Puru told that he was not a traitor like them. Alexander liked Puru’s bravery and self-respect.

He asked Puru how he should treat him. Puru asked him to treat him as a king should treat another king. Alexander asked him whether he would be a friend of him. Puru agreed to be his friend only when Alexander agreed to keep his kingdom independent.

Thus the battle of Jhelum really went down in the history of the world and Puru was remembered for his bravery, and for his sense of patriotism and self-respect.

Study Skills

There are many words which can function as more than one part of speech. For instance ‘talk’ can be used as a verb as well as a noun.
She talks at length about her dress.
Her talk is boring.

I. Refer to the dictionary and say whether the following words can be used as different parts of speech like a noun, a verb, an adjective, etc. The first one is done for you.

Answer:

Usage:
1. battle (n): The battle of Waterloo took place in 1815.
battle (v): She is still battling with her knee injury.
battle (adj): He ran away from the battle field.
2. chain (n): She wore a heavy gold chain.
chain (v): She chained the dog and welcomed us in.
3. conquer (v): Ashoka conquered Kalinga.
4. fight (v): We must fight against corruption.
fight (n): He put up a fight when the police tried to arrest him.
5. like (n): We all have different likes and dislikes.
like (prep): She is wearing a dress like mine.
like (v): I like sweets.
like (adj): She responded in like manner.
like (adv): it’s really hard. Like I have no time for my own mork.
like (conj): It didnt turn out like I intended.
6. refuse (v): She refused to accept that there was aproblem.
refuse (n): Municipal authorities asked the people to keep their domestic refuse in the
bins provided by the Municipality.
7. reject (v): The proposa! was firmly rejected.
reject (n): Mother Teresa used to serve the family rejects and the society rejects.
8. respect (n): 1 have the greatest respect for your brother.
respect (v): She had always been honest with me and I respect her for that.
9. talk (v): She talks at length about her dress.
talk (n): Her talk is boring.
10. treat (v): My parents still treat me like a child.
treat (n): We took the kids to the zoo as a special treat.

Listening and Speaking

Your teacher will read the passage “Nepal and the Himalayas”. Listen carefully and answer the questions given below:

Nepal lies between India and Tibet, among the Himalayan mountains. It is a country of mountains and valleys. The tallest mountain in the world, Mount Everest, is in Nepal. And there are several other mountains nearly as high. When mountaineers try to climb Mount Everest, they take the help of the Sherpas, who live in these mountains, to carry heavy loads and to act as guides.

A long time ago, the Sherpas crossed over the mountains from Tibet and made their homes along the slopes of the Himalayas in Nepal. So, they are rather like the people of Tibet to look at. Here, life is hard, and the entire family, including the children, have to work to get enough to eat.

The Sherpas grow potatoes, barley, garlic, and other vegetables. They also graze their yaks on the higher mountain slopes in the summer and on the lower slopes in the winter. The Sherpas use them for almost everything they need. They ride them, plough with them, and use them to carry their goods. The hairy wool of these animals is made into cloth and their skins into leather boots and tents. The yaks also provide milk, fat and meat. Their dung is dried and used as a fuel instead of wood or coal.

There are hardly any roads in the Himalayas, and everything has to be carried either on animals like yaks and donkeys or on human backs. Even children learn to carry heavy loads in large baskets which are tied to them. The baskets are big enough to carry a person.

The highest mountain tops of the Himalayas are cold, cheerless and covered with snow, but lower down one can find flowers in the spring and summer, and fir trees too. There are colourful butterflies, kites and eagles in the skies, and black and red Himalayan bears hiding in the rocks.

Though the Sherpas lead a tough life in their beautiful country, these small, dark haired people are always cheerful, and like most Buddhist people, they are friendly and kind.

Choose the right answer from the choices given below:

1. The passage is about . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( )
a) Nepal
b) the Himalayas
c) the Himalayas and the Sherpas
d) none of these
Answer:
c) the Himalayas and the Sherpas

2. The Sherpas came from . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( )
a) Nepal
b) Tibet
c) China
d) none of these
Answer:
b) Tibet

3. Lower down the Himalayas we can see . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( )
a) colourful butterflies
b) kites
c) eagles
d) all of these
Answer:
d) all of these

4. The most useful animals for Sherpas are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( )
a) cows
b) buffaloes
c) yaks
d) none of these
Answer:
c) yaks

II. Read the following sentences and say whether they are true or false.

1. Mount Everest is iri India. ( )
2. There are many roads in the Himalayas. ( )
3. Even the children of Sherpas carry heavy loads. ( )
4. One can find flowers on the tops of the Himalayas. ( )
Answer:
1) False
2) False
3) True
4) False

Work in groups. Ask and answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What are the modes of transport in the Himalayas?
Answer:
Animals like yaks and donkeys or on human backs.

Question 2.
Why do Sherpas look like the people of Tibet?
Answer:
A long time ago, the Sherpas crossed over the mountains from Tibet and made their homes along with the slopes of the Himalayas in Nepal. So they look the people of Tibet.

Question 3.
What interesting things would you find in the Himalayas?
Answer:
There are hardly any roads in the Himalayas. Everything has to be carried either on animals like yaks and donkeys or on human backs. The highest mountain tops of the Himalayas are a cold, cheerless and covered with snow, but lower down one can find colourful butterflies, kites and eagles in the skies.
Listen to the following conversation:
Teacher: Meghana! Have you ever been to the Himalayas?
Meghana: No, Sir. I have never been to the Himalayas.
Teacher: Do you have any idea about the Himalayas?
Meghana: Yes, I do.
Teacher: Tell me whatever you know about it.
Meghana: Sir, the Himalayas are the highest mountains in the world.
Teacher: Oh! Are they? Then tell me which is the highest peak among them?
Meghana: Mount Everest, Sir.
Teacher: What sort of help is available to the climbers in the Himalayas?
Meghana: Sir, there are plenty of Sherpas.
Teacher: Who are these Sherpas?
Meghana: Sir, they are helpers in the mountains.
They carry our luggage to earn their living.
Teacher: Good. Meghana.
Meghana: Thank you, sir.

Work in groups and share your experiences about the place you have visited. You may talk about the following:

• The hill station you visited
• How you travelled
• When was it? Where did you stay?
• Who went with you?
• The places you visited. The places you liked and disliked.
• Any memorable experience or anecdote.

Answer:
A: Let’s talk about the places we visited.
B: Yes. To start with, I visited Lakshmi Narasimha Swami temple in Antharvedhi.
C: I had been to Papikondalu.
D: We once went to Ooty.
A: Shall we talk about our mode of travel?
B: Yes, of course! We travelled by a taxi.
C: I went there partly by bus and partly by boat.
D: Our journey was by train and car.
A: May I ask you where you stayed?
B: We stayed in a hotel.
C: We didn’t stay overnight. Our visit was of a few hours.
D: We booked accommodation in a private guest house.
A: Who accompanied you?
B: We all went with the members of our family.
C: We all went with the members of our family.
D: We all went with the members of our family.
A: What places did you see there?
B: M the important.places like lakes, temples, etc. we covered
C: All the important places like lakes, temples, gardens, hill stations we covered …
D: All the important places like lakes, temples, gardens, hill stations we covered …

Puru, the Brave Summary in English

Alexander was the King of Macedon. He conquered Greece, Persia etc. He also made several Indian kings his vassals.
Puru was a king of northern India. He was a brave soldier and a true patriot.

Alexander wanted to make Puru his vassal. So he sent Puru an offer that he would not fight a battle with Puru if he agreed to be his vassal. But Puru rejected his offer. So a great battle occurred between Alexander’s army and Puru’s army. It was such a great battle that Alexander’s army had to sweat a lot and strive their best to defeat Puru’s army. Every Indian soldier fought like a tiger in the battle. The Indian soldiers and generals fought more bravely than the Greek soldiers and generals. Bu the Indian generals were less skilful than the Greek generals. They followed the old methods of warfare. They depended too much on their elephants. At last the Greek were able to defeat Puru’s army.

Puru continued to fight even when others had left the field. Puru killed at least a hundred Greek soldiers with his sword. But he was injured badly and so the Greek generals were able to capture him. Puru was chained and brought to the camp of Alexander, on the banks of the Jhelum.

Alexander in his camp was discussing with his Greek generals how the battle of Jhelum went on. Alexander and the generals admitted that the battle of Jhelum would go down not only in the history of their country but also in the history of the world. Everone praised the Indian army for their bravery and great fight but pitied them for their poor, old methods of warfare.

Meanwhile, a soldier came there and said that Puru had been brought to the camp, in chains. Then Alexander said that Puru was a king and a king should not be brought, in chains. So he ordered them to remove the chains and bring him there. Pure came.

Alexander asked Puru why he had rejected his offer. Puru replied that he was a lawful king and so he would never like to be a vassal. Puru said that a patriotic king ought to be proud of being a king otherwise he could not be a king. Alexander admired Puru’s bravery and self-respect. So he said that he wanted to make friends with Puru. Puru said that he would agree to be so provided his kingdom remained independent and Alexander treated him as his equal. Alexander gave him back his kingdom and made friends with Puru. Puru admired the personality of Alexander and called him, Alexander the Great.

Puru, the Brave Glossary

go down (phr.v): to be recorded

Your Highness (n): a title of respect used when talking to or about a member of the Royal family

warfare (n): the act of fighting a war

Your Majesty: the way of addressing Roya’ people

vassal (n): a man promising to fight for a king in return for the right to hold land

conquered (v): captured

battle (n): war

believe (v): think something is true

perhaps (adv): probably

brave (adj): courageous / bold / dare

faulty (adj): wrong

amazed (v): wondered / astonished

injured (v): hurt badly / wounded badly

besides (prep): in addition to

return (v): give back

softly (adv): gently

AP State Syllabus AP Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Basic Geometric Concepts Ex 8.3 Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 6th Class Maths Solutions 8th Lesson Basic Geometric Concepts Ex 8.3

Question 1.
Given ” \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}} / / \overline{\mathrm{CD}}\), l ⊥ m”. Which are perpendicular? Which are parallel?
Solution:
are parallel lines (// is the symbol for parallel),
l, m are perpendicular lines (⊥ is the symbol for perpendicular).

Question 2.
Write the set of parallels and perpendiculars in the given by using symbols.

Solution:
a) \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}, \overline{\mathrm{DC}}\) are parallel lines, we denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}} / / \overline{\mathrm{DC}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) is parallel to \(\overline{\mathrm{DC}}\)
b) \(\overline{\mathrm{AD}}, \overline{\mathrm{BC}}\) are parallel lines. We denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{AD}} / / \overline{\mathrm{BC}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{AD}}\) is parallel to \(\overline{\mathrm{BC}}\)
c) \(\overline{\mathrm{AQ}}, \overline{\mathrm{PC}}\) are parallel lines. We denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{AQ}} / / \overline{\mathrm{PC}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{AQ}}\) is parallel to \(\overline{\mathrm{PC}}\).
d) \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}, \overline{\mathrm{AD}}\) are perpendicular lines. We denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}} \perp \overline{\mathrm{AD}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) is perpendicular to \(\overline{\mathrm{AD}}\).
e) \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}, \overline{\mathrm{BC}}\) are perpendicular lines. We denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}} \perp \overline{\mathrm{BC}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}[latex] is perpendicular to [latex]\overline{\mathrm{BC}}\) .
f) \(\overline{\mathrm{BC}}, \overline{\mathrm{CD}}\) are perpendicular lines, we denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{BC}} \perp \overline{\mathrm{CD}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{BC}}\) is perpendicular to \(\overline{\mathrm{CD}}\).
g) \(\overline{\mathrm{CD}}, \overline{\mathrm{AD}}\) are perpendicular lines, we denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{CD}} \perp \overline{\mathrm{AD}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{CD}}\) is perpendicular to \(\overline{\mathrm{AD}}\).

ii) \(\overline{\mathrm{PX}}, \overline{\mathrm{QR}}\) are perpendicular lines, we denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{PX}} \perp \overline{\mathrm{QR}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{PX}}\) is perpendicular to \(\overline{\mathrm{QR}}\).

iii) a) \(\overline{\mathrm{LM}}, \overline{\mathrm{KN}}\) are parallel lines. We denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{LM}} / / \overline{\mathrm{KN}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{LM}}\) is parallel to \(\overline{\mathrm{KN}}\).
b) \(\overline{\mathrm{MN}}, \overline{\mathrm{LK}}\) are parallel lines. We denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{MN}} / / \overline{\mathrm{LK}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{MN}}\) is parallel to \(\overline{\mathrm{LK}}\).
c) \(\overline{\mathrm{ON}}, \overline{\mathrm{LP}}\) are parallel lines. We denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{ON}} / / \overline{\mathrm{LP}}\) and can be read
as \(\overline{\mathrm{ON}}\) is parallel to \(\overline{\mathrm{LP}}\)
d) \(\overline{\mathrm{LM}}, \overline{\mathrm{ON}}\) are perpendicular lines, we denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{ON}} \perp \overline{\mathrm{LM}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{ON}}\) is perpendicular to \(\overline{\mathrm{LM}}\).
e) \(\overline{\mathrm{LP}}, \overline{\mathrm{KN}}\) are perpendicular lines, we denote this by writing \(\overline{\mathrm{LP}} \perp \overline{\mathrm{KN}}\) and can be read as \(\overline{\mathrm{LP}}\) is perpendicular to \(\overline{\mathrm{KN}}\).

Question 3.
From the given figure find out the Intersecting lines and concurrent lines.

Solution:
i) Intersecting lines : (l, m); (l, n); (n, o); (m, o); (l, o); (m, n)
ii) Intersecting lines: (p, q); (p, r); (p, s); (q, r); (q, s)
Concurrent lines : (p, q, s)

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class English Textbook Solutions Chapter 5C Sindbad, the Sailor Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Solutions Chapter 5C Sindbad, the Sailor

7th Class English Chapter 5C Sindbad, the Sailor Textbook Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Who changed the fate of Sindbad? How?
Answer:
The huge mighty birds, the rocs changed Sindbad’s fate as they dropped him in the valley of diamonds and later dropped him in one of their nests where the local merchants were. They helped Sindbad go home safely with the diamonds.

Question 2.
What would you want to become in your life? Would you like to become a sailor? Why/Why not?
Answer:
I would like to become an engineer in my life. I would not like to be a sailor»because the job of a sailor is rather risky.

Question 3.
How would you have handled the encounter with a roc?
Answer:
I would have not lost my courage when I faced a roc. I would have used my brain sharply and do what Sindbad had done as it would be the only possible thing to get on to a safer place.

Question 4.
What factors would you change to make the story more adventurous and thrilling?
Answer:
Unlike what was said in the story that Sindbad was dropped into a nest by a roc, and helped by the local merchants, the roc should have dropped him onto the land where wild and uncultured humans inhabited. Then how Sindbad would tackle with them and reach home would be more adventurous and thrilling.

Question 5.
Describe Sindbad’s preparations for his journey.
Answer:
To make his journey peaceful and comfortable, Sindbad bought a substantial stock of goods to trade and packed some food and got water-stored cans. He kept all these in the ship and sailed with a large number of his merchant friends.

What is a palindrome?
Answer:
A palindrome is a word (or a number), phrase or sentence which reads the same backwards or forwards. Look at the following examples and try to discover some more palindromes.
WORDS: madam, bib, level, Malayalam
PHRASES: dog’s god, lion oil, too hot to hoot
SENTENCES: Madam, I’m Adam; Was it a cat I saw? Rise to vote, Sir.

Sindbad, the Sailor Summary in English

Sindbad was sailing along with many other merchants on a ship with his stock of goods to trade. Soon they reached an island. All his friends went to gather fruits and flowers there. But Sindbad went to a shady place and there he had his meal. Later he slept under the trees. When he woke up, he found that the ship had gone and he was alone there. Then he went to something which appeared like a huge white ball. It was so high and so smooth that he could not climb to the top of it. Later he saw a great, huge and wonderful bird called ‘roc’ coming towards the ball- like object. Then he realized that it was the egg of the ‘roc’ and the bird was coming for it. When the bird came there, he quickly tied himself with his turban to one of the legs of the huge bird. Then the bird flew away, carrying Sindbad. It landed on the ground among huge and great mountains. At once Sindbad untied the turban. The bird caught up a snake and flew away.

Sindbad could not know what to do. The sides of the valley looked so steep that there was no possibility of climbing them. Sindbad looked around the valley. He found large diamonds lying on the ground. All around the valley, there were huge snakes which could eat even an elephant. At nightfall, they came out of their holes. During the day, the snakes hid themselves from the huge mighty birds, the rocs.

Sindbad found a small cave and decided to spend the night in it. He put a large stone at the entrance of the cave so as to prevent the snakes from entering it. But he could not sleep well because of the hissing sound outside the cave. As day light came on, all the snakes went into their holes. Sindbad came out of the cave. He walked upon the diamonds. He ate food and slept for a while. Suddenly Sindbad woke up as a huge piece of meat had fallen near him. Some more pieces of meat fell down. He remembered how the local merchants would use huge eagles (rocs) to carry up the diamonds for them, and how they would throw huge pieces of meat into the valley as food for them, etc.

At once, Sindbad collected a large number of diamonds. He put them in his wallet and tied it to his waist. Next he tied one large piece of meat to the middle of his back with his turban. He lay down with his face to the ground. Then a huge roc flew down and picked up the piece of meat along with Sindbad and flew away to the top of the rocky walls of the valley. He was dropped into a nest. There were already some local merchants in that nest. They heard the story of Sindbad. So they helped him to find a ship to go home. Thus Sindbad got back to Baghdad. He became very rich. He gave money to the poor and lived peacefully in his home.

Sindbad, the Sailor Glossary

sailor (n): a person who works on a ship as a member

crept (v): moved slowly, quietly and carefully

day break: dawn or the time of sun rising

immense (adj): very large or huge

steep (adj): a slope on which rising/falling ¡s quick

frightened (v): made somebody suddenly feel afraid

serpents (n): snakes

suppose (v): guess/think/imagine

hissing (n): sound produced by the snakes

huge (adj): very large/big

believed (v): thought something to be true

merchants (n): people doing some trade

consider (u): think about something carefully

wallet (n): a small flat folding casa of leather/plastic used for keeping paper/money in

wealthy (adj): rich

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class English Textbook Solutions Chapter 5B My Trip to the Moon Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Solutions Chapter 5B My Trip to the Moon

7th Class English Chapter 5B My Trip to the Moon Textbook Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Do you think the: child really went to the moon?
Answer:
No, I don’t think so. It’s only the imagination of the child.

Question 2.
What was the child’s feeling about his trip to the moon?
Answer:
The child felt very happy, and amused. It was a lot of fun to the child.

Question 3.
Why couldn’t the astronaut and the. child walk on the moon?
Answer:
The astronaut and the child could not walk on the moon because the gravitational force of the moon is much less than that of the earth. A person becomes lighter in terms of weight, on the moon.

Question 4.
How would you feel if you were in the child’s place?
Answer:
If I were in the child’s place, I would feel even more amused and very happy.

Question 5.
If you were given a chance, which planet would you visit?
Answer:
If I were given a chance, I would visit the planet Mars, as there are guessings of the presence of water on that planet.

Question 6.
Can you guess the secret that dwells inside the child’s mind?
Answer:
I think the secret that dwells inside the child’s mind is the unexpected happiness in the mind of the child because of the dream he had about his trip to the moon.

Project

Take a few important tourist places in your district / state, collect a few pictures and paste them on a big chart with a small write up under each picture. Display this in your classroom. The write up should include the following.

• The name of the place
• Its importance
• Salient features of the place

1. THE TAJ MAHAL: The Taj Mahal looms fairytale-like from the banks of the Yamuna River. It’s actually a tomb that contains the body of Mumtaz Mahal – the wife of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. He had it built as an ode to his love for her. Dating back to 1630 AD, the Taj Mahal is made out of marble and took 22 years and 20,000 workers to complete. One of the most captivating things about it is the way its colour appears to gradually alter in the changing light of the day.

2. HAMPI: Now a relegated village, Hampi was once the last capital of Vijayanagar, one of the greatest Hindu empires in India’s history. It has some extremely captivating ruins, intriguingly intermingled with large boulders that rear up all over the landscape. The ruins, which date back to the 14th century, stretch for just over 25 kilometers (10 miles) and comprise more than 500 monuments.

3. AJANTA AND ELLORA CAVES:
Astonishingly carved into hillside rock in the middle of nowhere are the Ajanta and Ellora caves. There are 34 caves at Ellora dating from between the 6th and 11th centuries AD, and 29 caves at Ajanta dating back to between the 2nd century BC and 6th century AD. While the Ajanta caves are rich in paintings and sculpture, the Ellora caves are renowned for their extraordinary architecture. The most incredible thing about these caves is that they were crafted by hand, with only a hammer and chisel.

4. FATEHPUR SIKRI: A city that was once the proud capital of the Mughal Empire in the 16th century, Fatehpur Sikri
now stands deserted as a well preserved ghost town. It was abandoned by its occupants after only 15 years due to insufficient water supply. Constructed out of red sandstone, Fatehphur Sikri is full of regal palaces and courtyards.

My Trip to the Moon Summary in English

The poem was an imagination by the poet of his trip to the moon. The writer was a student appearing for his exams. He had already taken exams in four subjects. Now he is to study for and write the science examination, going to be held the very next day.

The writer was sitting alone in his house. He was studying the structure of a mouse. Suddenly the lights went out. Then he heard a loud burst. He thought that someone was there outside. So he went out, full of fright. There he saw a big rocket. An astronaut was there inside the rocket. He invited the writer on a flight to the moon. The writer readily agreed. He went in and sat by his side.

The writer along with the astronaut reached the moon by afternoon. But they could not walk on the ground of the moon as the gravitational force of the moon is much less than that of the moon. So they jumped around. It was a lot of fun to the writer. The writer along with the astronaut started their return journey.

The writer reached home before the setting sun. To his surprise and also to the surprise of his parents, the writer fared his science test very well. But no one knew the secret as to how his science test had gone very well. The secret still dwelled inside the writer.

My Trip to the Moon Glossary

structure (n): a particular arrangement of the parts

a loud burst: a huge/big sound

full of fright: full of fear caused by something

huge (adj): very big/large

astronaut (n): a person whose job involves travelling and working in a spacecraft.

fun (n): enjoyment/pleasure

dwells (v): lives

AP State Syllabus AP Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 6 Basic Arithmetic InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 6th Class Maths Solutions 6th Lesson Basic Arithmetic InText Questions

Check Your Progress (Page No. 84)

Question 1.
Express the terms 45 and 70 by using ratio symbol.
Solution:
Given terms are 45 and 70
Ratio = 45 : 70
It can be read as 45 is to 70.

Question 2.
Write antecedent in the ratio 7:15.
Solution:
Given ratio 7 : 15
In the ratio first term is called antecedent.
In 7 : 15 antecedent is 7.

Question 3.
Write the consequent in the ratio 8 : 13.
Solution:
Given ratio 8 : 13
In the ratio second term is called consequent.
In 8 : 13 consequent is 13.

Question 4.
Express the ratio 35 : 55 in the simplest form.
Solution:
Given ratio 35 : 55 (or)
To write the ratio in the simplest form we have to divide by the common factor of two terms 35 and 55.
Common factor is 5.
Now divide by 5,
\(\frac{35}{55}=\frac{35 \div 5}{55 \div 5}=\frac{7}{11}\)
Simplest form of \(\) is \(\frac{7}{11}\)

Question 5.
In the given figure, find the ratio of
i) Shaded part to unshaded parts.
ii) Shaded part to total parts,
iii) Unshaded parts to total parts.

Solution:
i) In the given figur.e,
Number of shaded parts = 1
Number of unshaded parts = 3
Ratio = shaded parts : unshaded parts = 1:3

ii) Number of shaded parts = 1
Total parts = 4
Ratio = shaded parts : total parts = 1:4

iii) Number of unshaded parts = 3
Total parts = 4
Ratio = unshaded parts : total parts = 3:4

Question 6.
Express the following in the form of ratio.
a) The length of a rectangle is triple its breadth. ‘
b) In a school, the workload of teaching 19 sections has been assigned to 38 teachers.
Solution:
a) Let breadth of rectangle = x or one part = 1 part
length of rectangle = triple the breadth
= 3 x x = 3x = 3 parts
Ratio = l : b = x : 3x =\(\frac{1 x}{3 x}=\frac{1}{3}\) = 1:3

b) Given number of sections = 19
Number of teachers = 38
Ratio = 19 : 38 = \(\frac{19}{38}=\frac{1}{2}\) = 1 : 2

(Page No. 88)

Question 1.
Which ratio is larger in the following pairs ?
(a) 5 : 4 or 9 : 8
(b) 12 : 14 or 16 : 18
(c) 8: 20 or 12: 15
(d)4:7 or 7:11
Solution:
a) 5 : 4 or 9 : 8
Write the given ratios as fractions, we have 5 : 4 = \(\frac{5}{4}\) and 9 : 8 = \(\frac{9}{8}\)
Now find the LCM of the denominators of 4 and 8 is 8.
Make the denominator of the each fraction equal to 8.
We have \(\frac{5}{4} \times \frac{2}{2}=\frac{10}{8}\) and \(\frac{9}{8} \times \frac{1}{1}=\frac{9}{8}\)
Clearly we know that 10 > 9
∴ \(\frac{10}{8}>\frac{9}{8}\) (or) 10 : 8 > 9 : 8
10 : 8 is equal to 5 : 4
Therefore the larger ratio is 5 : 4.

b) 12 : 14 or 16:18
12 : 14 = \(\frac{12}{14}=\frac{6}{7}\) and 16 : 18 = \(\frac{16}{18}=\frac{8}{9}\)
Now find the LCM of the denominators of 7 and 9 is 63.
Make the denominator of the each fraction equal to 63.
we have \(\frac{6}{7} \times \frac{9}{9}=\frac{54}{63}\) and \(\frac{8}{9} \times \frac{7}{7}=\frac{56}{63}\)
Clearly, we know that 54 < 56
∴ \(\frac{54}{63}<\frac{56}{63}\) (or) 54:63 < 56:63
56 : 63 is equal to 16 : 18 (or) 8 : 9
∴ The larger ratio is 16 : 18.

c) 8 : 20 or 12 : 15
Write the given ratios as fractions we have
8:20 = \(\frac{8}{20}=\frac{2}{5}\) and 12:15 = \(\frac{12}{15}=\frac{4}{5}\)
\(\frac{2}{5}\) and \(\frac{4}{5}\)

Clearly \(\frac{2}{5}\) < \(\frac{4}{5}\)
i.e., 2:5 < 4 : 5 (or) 8: 20 < 12: 15
Therefore the larger ratio is 12 : 15.

d) 4: 7 or 7: 11
Write the given ratios as fractions, we have 4 7
4 : 7 = \(\frac{4}{7}\) and 7:11 = \(\frac{7}{11}\) .
Now find the LCM of the denominators of 7 and 11 is 77.
Make the denominators of the each fraction equal to 77.
We have \(\frac{4}{7} \times \frac{11}{11}=\frac{44}{77}\) and \(\frac{7}{11} \times \frac{7}{7}=\frac{49}{77}\)
\(\frac{44}{7}\) and \(\frac{49}{77}\)
Clearly we know that 44 < 49
∴ \(\frac{44}{77}<\frac{49}{77}\) (or) 44 : 77 < 49 : 77
i.e.,4: 7 < 7 : 11
Therefore the larger ratio is 7 : 11

Question 2.
Find three equivalent ratios of 12 : 16.
Solution:
Given ratio is 12 : 16
Write the given ratio as fraction we have 12:16= \(\frac{12}{16}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Now, write equivalent fractions of \(\frac{3}{4}\)

i. e., 6 : 8 = 9 : 12 = 12 : 16 = 15 : 20 = 18 : 24
∴ Equivalent ratios of 12 : 16 are 6 : 8, 9 : 12, 12 : 16, 15 : 20 and 18 : 24.

(Page No. 90)

Question 1.
Check whether the following terms are in proportion ?
1) 5,6,7,8
2) 3,5,6,10
3) 4,8,7,14
4) 2,12,3,18
Solution:
1) Given, 5, 6, 7, 8
If a, b, c, d are in proportion i.e., a : b :: c : d
If 5, 6, 7, 8 are in proportion i.e., 5 : 6 : : 7 : 8
We know that, product of extremes = Product of means [a x d : b x c]
5 x 8 = 6 x 7
40 ≠ 42
So, 5, 6, 7, 8 are not in proportion.

2) Given, 3, 5, 6, 10
If a, b, c, d are in proportion i.e., a : b :: c : d
If 3, 5, 6, 10 are in proportion i.e., 3 : 5 :: 6 : 10
We know that, product of extremes = Product of means a x d = b x c
3 x 10 = 5 x 6
30 = 30
So, 3, 5, 6, 10 are in proportion.

3) Given, 4, 8, 7, 14.
If a, b, c, d are in proportion i.e., a : b : : c : d
If 4, 8, 7, 14 are in proportion i.e., 4 : 8 : : 7 : 14
We know that, product of extremes = Product of means a x d = b x c
4 x 14 = 8 x 7
56 = 56
So, 4, 8, 7, 14 are in proportion.

4) Given, 2, 12, 3, 18
If a, b, c, d are in proportion i.e., a : b :: c : d
If 2, 12, 3, 18 are in proportion i.e., 2 : 12 : : 3 : 18
We know that, product of extremes = Product of means [ a x d = b x c ]
2 x 18 = 12 x 3
36 = 36
So, 2, 12, 3, 18 are in proportion.

Let’s Explore (Page No. 92)

Question 1.
Read the table and fill in the boxes.

Prepare two similar problems and ask your friend to solve them
Solution:

(Page. No. 94)

Question 1.
Represent the following in other forms.

Solution:

AP State Syllabus AP Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Basic Geometric Concepts Ex 8.2 Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 6th Class Maths Solutions 8th Lesson Basic Geometric Concepts Ex 8.2

Question 1.
Measure the lengths of the given line segments.

Solution:
i) \(\overline{\mathrm{AB}}\) = 2.4 cm
ii) \(\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}\) = 1.5 cm
iii) \(\overline{\mathrm{KL}}\) = 1cm, \(\overline{\mathrm{LM}}\) = 1 cm
\(\overline{\mathrm{KM}}=\overline{\mathrm{KL}}+\overline{\mathrm{LM}}\) =1 + 1 = 2 cm

Question 2.
Draw the following line segments.
i) AB = 6.3 centimeters ii) MN = 3.6 centimeters

Question 3.
Draw PQ = 4.6 cm and extend upto R such that PR = 6 cm.
Solution:

\(\overline{\mathrm{PR}}=\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}+\overline{\mathrm{QR}}\) = 4.6 + 1.4 = 6 cm

Question 4.
Draw a line segment \(\overline{\mathrm{OP}}\) with certain length and mark a point Q on it.
Check whether \(\overline{\mathrm{OP}}-\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}=\overline{\mathrm{OQ}}\)
Solution:

Given, \(\overline{\mathrm{OP}}\) = 8 cm; \(\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}\) = 3 cm
\(\overline{\mathrm{OP}}-\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}\) = 8cm – 3cm = 5 cm = \(\overline{\mathrm{OQ}}\)
∴ \(\overline{\mathrm{OP}}-\overline{\mathrm{PQ}}=\overline{\mathrm{OQ}}\) = 5cm

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class English Textbook Solutions Chapter 5A A Trip to Andaman Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Solutions Chapter 5A A Trip to Andaman

7th Class English Chapter 5A A Trip to Andaman Textbook Questions and Answers

Look at the picture and answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What do you see in the picture?
Answer:
We see several people enjoying themselves at the beach.

Question 2.
Have you ever been to a sea beach ? If yes, which beach did you go to?
Answer:
Yes, I have. It is Marina beach in Chennai.

Question 3.
What do you guess this lesson is going to talk about?
Answer:
I guess, it is going to talk about some islands.

Question 4.
What does the word Andaman bring to your mind ? Share your thoughts with your classmates.
Answer:
It brings to my mind curiosity of knowing about Andaman. Andaman and Nicobar Islands lie between India’s coast and Myanmar. They belong to India.

I. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Based on your reading of the passage, list the tourist attractions of Andaman Island. Which one of them has fascinated you the most? Why?
Answer:
List of some tourist attractions of Andaman Island:

1. The Cellular Jail built by the British at Port Blair.
2. The Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park.
3. The Havelock Island
4. The majestic lighthouse at Havelock Island.
5. Elephant beach.
6. Scuba diving at Elephant beach.
7. Radhanagar beach.

The most fascinating is the Elephant beach where swimmers take up Scuba diving into the sea.

Question 2.
Would you like to go to Andaman during holidays ? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
Yes, I would like to go to Andaman during holidays because after going through the passage on ’A Trip to Andaman’ and being fascinated by the places visited by the writer, 1 feel like visiting the tourist attractions of Andaman Island.

Question 3.
Which means of transport is, in your opinion, more enjoyable for visiting a place like Andaman? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
Mostly by ship and sometimes by ferry. Because in a big ship, we will be safe and happy and can get what we want. Besides, we can watch dolphins moving along the ship. We can also see coral reefs, beautiful fishes of different colours and sea turtles through glass-bottomed boats.

Question 4.
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands have been called a miniature India. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
I agree with this view. It’s because each of the islands is very small. Only 37 islands of the total 600 islands are inhabited. Like in India, these islands have people of different languages, cultures and faiths. Yet they live happily together. They are the very small copies of India. So they are called miniature India.

Question 5.
Who does T refer to in the passage?
Answer:
T refers to the writer.

Question 6.
The writer saw many interesting things on the ship. But which one surprised him the most? Why?
Answer:
The writer saw many interesting things on the ship. But, the most interesting thing that surprised him was that some people were sitting in a saloon getting their hair cut. It was interesting because he felt it strange to observe such thing on the ship.

Question 7.
How did the tourists enjoy on the beach?
Answer:
Some foreign tourists on the beach were basking in the sun and enjoying themselves. The tourists enjoyed swimming in the sea and riding on elephants. At the Elephant beach, some swimmers have undertaken ‘Scuba diving’.

Question 8.
Who guided the family on the Islands?
Answer:
No special guide was hired. Since the writer’s father had a little knowledge of the islands he managed to guide his family during their tour to the islands.

Question 9.
Why do you think the Scuba divers need air cylinders?
Answer:
The Scuba divers need air cylinders because they go to the bottom of the sea to watch the coral reefs, beautiful fishes and sea turtles. Besides, they stay for a long time beneath the sea and swim along with them.

Question 10.
Have you ever visited any tourist place? Share your experience.
Answer:
Yes, I have. I have visited Nagarjuna sagar and Ethipothala (waterfall). Nagarjuna sagar dam is very huge and it’s really thrilling to watch the water-fall when the dam was full and the gates are opened to release the water. Visiting Nagarjuna Konda by boat is also amusing. Later I have visited Ethipothala where water falls down from a very high-level place. It has filled my heart with joy and happiness.

II. Tick the correct answer.

1. How did the author feel, when the windows and doors of their cabin were closed?
A) The author felt the ship sinking. ( )
B) The author felt uncomfortable. ( )
C) The author did not feel the movement of the ship. ( )
D) The author felt the fast movement of the ship. ( )

2. The most favourable time to visit Andaman is the
A) winter. ( )
B) spring. ( )
C) summer. ( )
D) monsoon. ( )

3. Why did the family go to Andaman?
A) to learn about the aboriginals ( )
B) to watch how foreigners enjoy themselves ( )
C) to explore a tourist spot ( )
D) to view only the sea beaches ( )

Answer:
1. C ( ✓ )
2. C ( ✓ )
3. C ( ✓ )

Vocabulary

I. Find the antonyms of the following words from the text and write them in your notebooks. Also, write one sentence each for the word and its antonym.

1. impossible × possible
2. suddenly × gradually
3. ugly × beautiful
4. bright × dim
5. tasteless × tasty
6. dim × bright
7. above × below
8. hostile × friendly
9. cloudy × clear
10. notorious × famous

Writing own sentences using the above antonyms:

1. You think it is possible to change his mind. But I feel it impossible as he is like a rock.
2. Changes come suddenly by revolution but gradually by evolution.
3. This painting is ugly but that is beautiful.
4. This light is too dim to read by.
It’s a bright morning.
5. I have already tasted it. It is not tasty but tasteless. So, please don’t taste it.
6. This light is too dim to read by.
Marriage hall is decorated with full of bright and colourful lights.
7. There’s a mirror above the washbasin. The author’s name was printed below the title,
8. She was openly hostile towards her parents. I don’t know why she was not friendly towards them.
9. The sky is cloudy. It is not clear.
10. The bar has become notorious as a meeting place for drug dealers.
One day I’ll be rich and famous.

II. Read the following sentences and notice how the word ‘wave’ has been used differently:

1. My sister Amala and I too waved our hands while Mom and Dad smiled at us.
2. Silky sands, foaming waves and cool breeze of the sea attracted us very much.
In Sentence I ‘wave’ is used as a verb in the past tense and in Sentence 2, it is used as a noun in its plural form. As a verb, it means ‘to move hand or arm from side to side’ and as a noun, it refers to ‘raised lines of water that move across the surface of the sea or ocean.’

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the words given in the brackets.
They can be used both as nouns and verbs.
1. Our volleyball team of our school ——– four matches. The fourth day ——– was excellent. (play)
2. Latha is ——– a lot of problems. I am sorry to see tears on her lovely ——–. {face)
3. My grand-daughter said, “Grandpa, you look very sweet when I see a on your face.” On hearing this Grandpa ——– at once.(smile)
4. Suresh ——– that he would pass the examination. But his disappeared when he saw the question paper. (hope)
5. When I answered a question correctly, the English teacher ——– me on my back arid said, “Well done, smarty.” Her ——– made me feel happy and proud. (pat)
Answer:
1. played (v), play (n)
2. facing (v), face (n)
3. smile (n), smiled (v)
4. hoped (v), hope (n)
5. patted (v), pat (n)

III. Read the following sentences from the passage.

1. The ship set out after sounding a loud horn.
2. People who came to see off their friends and relatives cheered them up by waving their hands.
The sets of words underlined are‘phrasal verbs’.

Pick out from a dictionary more phrasal verbs beginning with the word ‘set’, find out their meanings, and use them in sentences of your own.
Answer:
Phrasal verbs with the word ‘Set’:
1. set about (something) = start doing something
Ex: She set about the business of cleaning the house.
2. set (somebody) against = make somebody oppose a friend or relative or someone else
Ex: She accused her husband of setting the children against her.
3. set out = start
Ex: Tomorrow he will set out for Mumbai.
4. set (somebody/something) apart from (somebody / something) = make (somebody/ something) different.
Ex: Her elegant style sets her apart from other journalists.

Grammar

Simple Past Tense

Read the following lines taken from the lesson:
Soon after the examinations were over, Mom made preparations for the trip. On the 25th of April, we took the Pinakini Express from Vijayawada and reached Chennai at 1 p.m.

The underlined words are verbs in the simple past tense and refer to actions that took place in the past. The Simple Past Tense is used here to talk of completed actions in the past.

Given below is the action plan prepared by the Headmaster of Mahatma Gandhi Zilla Parishad High School, Dosakayalapalli for a tour to Nagarjuna Sagar Project. They finished the tour on 15-10-2011. Describe the tour in the past tense by making appropriate changes in the verbs given in the action plan.

6.00 a.m.                       board the bus at the school
8.30 a.m.                       stop at Eluru for breakfast
12.00 noon                   reach the spot
1.00 p.m.                       take lunch
1.30 to 3.30 p.m.           visit the Nagarjuna Sagar project
3.30 to 4.30 p.m.           visit the museum
4.40 p.m.                       visit Ettipothala falls
5.00 p.m.                       board the bus
8.30 p.m.                       take supper at Eluru
10.30 p.m.                     reach the school

You can start like this:
On 15-10-2011, the students of MGZPH school, Dosakayalapalli started their tour to Nagarjuna Sagar Project. They boarded the bus at the school at 6.00 a.m…

II. Past Continuous Tense

Read the following lines taken from the lesson:
Some foreign tourists on the beaches were basking in the sun and enjoying themselves. The underlined verbs ‘were basking’ and ‘(were) enjoying’ are in the Past Continuous Tense. The Past Continuous Tense is used to talk about or describe an action which someone was doing or an event which was happening at a particular time in the past.

I. Fill in the blanks with appropriate forms of the verbs given in the brackets.

1. They ________ with each other when the police______. ( fight, arrive)
2. When Rajesh _______, he _______down and______ his leg. ( run, fall, injure)
3. While he ______ it_______ to rain. ( play, begin)
4. The children_________a film when the lights ________ off. (watch, go off)
5. My mother was _______ when the guests __________. (still cook, arrive)
6. The teacher _________ when the principal ________ the room. ( teach, enter)
7. Father was _________ the T.V. when the telephone bell ______. (watch, ring)
8. We ________ready for our journey when the power _____________ off. (get, go)
Answer:
1. were fighting; arrived
2. was running, fell, injured
3. was playing; began
4. were watching; went
5. still cooking; arrived
6. was teaching; entered
7. watching; rang
8. were getting; went

Work in pairs

II. Narrate what your family members were doing yesterday when you reached home after school.
Answer:
When I reached home after school yesterday, mother was preparing snacks for us, father was talking to his colleague over phone, sister was practising music lessons and brother was getting ready to go to the playground. Grandparents were chatting with some villagers in the front yard.

Writing

I. Arrange the following sentences in proper sequence using appropriate connectors and replacing ‘we’ with ‘they’. You can add some more information you may have liked in the passage.

1. We visited a beach called Elephant beach.
2. We reached Port Blair.
3. We travelled by a ferry from Port Blair to a place called Havelock island.
4. In the evening we boarded’a ship for Port Blair.
5. We visited Radha nagar beach.
6. After a while, we reached an exciting place, the Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park.
7. We had been longing to make a trip to Andaman.
8. We visited a famous national monument, the Cellular jail.
Answer:
The writer and the members of his family had been longing for long to make a trip to Andaman. At last, they visited the place last summer. They travelled from. Vijayawada to Chennai by train, and in the evening they boarded a ship for Port Blair. From there, they sailed in the ship ‘ for five days and reached Port Blair. At Port Blair, they visited a famous national monument, the Cellular Jail (now converted into a hospital). After a while they reached an exciting place, the Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park. Then they travelled by a ferry from Port Blair to a place called Havelock Island. On the ferry they enjoyed snacks like panipuri, samosa. There they visited a beach called Elephant beach. They were also thrilled to watch Scuba diving. Finally, they visited Radha nagar beach. There they had jolly elephant rides and relished delicious sea food. It was a memorable trip for them.

II. Describing a place

You have read about a famous tourist place, Andaman. After reading the description don’t you feel that you have actually visited the place? This is because the author has given a vivid picture of the place through the description of the place and the activities. When you want to describe a place you need to find answers for the following questions:

1. Where is the place located? What is it famous for?
2. How can one reach there? How is the weather during the time of the visit? What is the best time to visit? What things are to be carried? What sort of accommodations available?
3. What places and things can be seen on the way to the place?
4. What are the major tourist attractions?

One of your friends wishes to visit the place you have visited recently. Write a letter to your friend describing the details mentioned above to help him make his/ her trip successful.
Answer:

5-23-13/B,
6/18 Brodipet, GUNTUR.
6th June, 20xx.

My dear Guruvardhan,

I am fine and pink in health. I hope the same with you there.

I would like to describe the place, Hyderabad which I have visited recently. Hyderabad is the capital of Telangana. It is a big cosmopolitan city. People of different languages, cultures and traditions live harmoniously together. There are many places worth-seeing in Hyderabad. Some of them are – 1) the Charminar 2) the Salaijung Museum 3) the Legislative Assembly 4) the Birla Mandir 5) Nehru Zoological Park 6) Planetarium 7) The Tank Bund 8) Rajiv International Airport 8) Ramoji Film City 9) Hussain Sagar and the Buddha Statue.

It is a lovely city. The climate is fine. The Hussain Sagar joins the twin cities namely Hyderabad and Secunderabad. You should visit it soon.

Please convey my regards to your parents.

Yours lovingly,
Hanuman.

Study Skills

This table shows the climate of Port Blair.

Write briefly in your own words the best and the most uncomfortable time to visit Port Blair. Give reasons.
Answer:
The best comfortable time to visit Port Blair, the capital of Andaman and Nicobar Islands is the month of April. In April, the maximum temperature is 30°C and the minimum temperature is 26°C. It is neither hot nor cold there in that month. The precipitation is 69.

The most uncomfortable time is the month of September because it is somewhat cold then. The sun is not so bright then. Above all, the precipitation is rather high. It is 463. The maximum temperature is 27°C and the minimum temperature is 25°C We feel uncomfortable then.

Listening and Speaking

I. Your teacher will read the story ‘Gulliver in Lilliput’. Listen carefully and answer the following questions:

GULLIVER IN LILLIPUT

Gulliver was a doctor on a ship. He was an Englishman. There was a bad storm and the ship hit a rock and broke into two pieces. It was night time. However, Gulliver swam forward and at last reached an island called Lilliput. The people were called Lilliputians. Gulliver was too tired. He could not open his eyes. He soon went to sleep. Next morning when he woke up he could not move. He was held down by some ropes. His long hair was also pinned to the ground. Then something climbed on to his leg and came up to his chin. It was a little mar. about fifteen centimetres high. He carried a bow and an arrow in his hand.

Then forty more little people climbed onto Gulliver’s body. He was very surprised and gave a loud shout. Immediately all the little men ran away. But they came back soon.

At first the ropes were too strong for him to break. But somehow, after a long struggle Gulliver broke some of them. He could move one of his arms. When they saw this, the little people shouted and shot their little arrows into him. But the arrows did not hurt Gulliver very much. They were like little pins.

Gulliver lay still. He did not move. After some time the little people stopped shooting arrows at him. Gulliver asked for some food. Over a hundred people brought baskets full of meat and loaves of bread. Gulliver ate them and fell asleep.

The little men took Gulliver to their king. The king liked Gulliver very much. He told his officers to take Gulliver to the biggest building in the land. No house was big enough for Gulliver to live in, but he was able to creep inside the building and lie down. The beds were too small for Gulliver, so they took hundreds of beds and joined them together!

Gulliver lived among the little people for some time. He wanted to go home. Fortunately, one day Gulliver found a boat floating near the seashore. He sailed out to sea in that boat. Later a big ship found him and took him back to England.

1. Why did Gulliver go to Lilliput?
Answer:
There was a bad storm and the ship in which Gulliver was sailing hit a rock and broke into two pieces. It was night time. So, Gulliver swam forward and reached Lilliput.

2. Why did the little people shoot arrows at Gulliver?
Answer:
He appeared like a huge living structure. They feared he had come to harm them. So they shot arrows at him.

3. What do you think is the size of the Lilliputian’s house?
Answer:
The house was too small for Gulliver to live in.

4. How many Lilliputians can you carry in your bag?
Answer:
I can carry at least a hundred Lilliputians, in my bag.

5. Would you like to live among such strange people?
Answer:
No, I would not.

6. Pigmies are also very small people. Find out who is smaller ? A pygmy or a Lilliputian?
Answer:
A Liliputian.

7. Why did the King like Gulliver?
Answer:
Because Gulliver had not hurt any of his men.

II. Work in pairs.

Ask and answer the following questions:

1. If you were the King, how would you use Gulliver?
Answer:
I would use him as the protector of my kingdom.

2. If you lived in Lilliput, what problems would you face?
Answer:
I couldn’t walk in the streets well. I couldn’t live in a house. I couldn’t get enough food.

3. In stories, we often come across very small people like elves and dwarfs.
How are they different from Lilliputians?
Answer:
Lilliputians are much smaller than elves and dwarfs.

III. Here is a list of places of South India Tourism. Tell your group about the city you would like to visit and why. What is special about the city? What should visitors do there?

Answer:
Amaravathi is a historical place. It is the Mandal headquarters. It fs in Guntur district of the state Andhra Pradesh. It is on the bank of the river Krishna. From the other side of the river, you can reach Kanchikacharla in Krishna district. There is a direct and clear way from Guntur to Amaravathi (a distance of 34 kms) from Sattenapalli to Amaravathi (a distance of 34 kms) from Vijayawada (a distance of 47 kms) and from Mangalagiri (a distance of 34 kms). There is also a clear way from Krosuru and Atchampet to Amaravcithi. There is a great temple of Lord Siva. The Sivalingam here is very high. You can also see the huge statue of Lord Buddha. You can visit the Amaravathi Museum. Pilgrims round the state pay a visit to Amaravathi.

A Trip to Andaman Summary in English

The writer had been longing to make ci trip to Andaman. His father fulfilled his desire during the last summer holidays. After the examinations were over, the writer’s family took the Pinakini Express on the 25th of April from Vijayawada and reached Chennai Central by 1 p.m. Later they reached the port. In the evening, they boarded a ship for Port Blair, the capital of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Sitting in the ship, the writer and his sister Amalai waved their hands to the people who cheered the travellers. The writer could not feel. the movement of the ship when the doors and the windows of the cabin were closed. When the ship was going, they saw dolphins swimming along the ship to know. Dolphins sprang and dived again and again. If was very amusing to the writer. Later, the writer went around the ship to know what other people were d oing in the ship. He saw some people eating and drinking in the restaurant. He was surprised to see some people in a saloon getting their hair cut. The medical staff was busy treating the patients suffering from sea-sickness. The sanitary workers were doing their work. The crew of the ship gladly answered all the queries of the writer about the ship.

After two days, they reached Port Blair. The writer learnt that there are about six hundred islands between India’s coast and Myanmar. Only 37 of them were inhabited. The inhabitants were the aboriginal tribes. Some of them lived far away from the civilized society. Despite this, the islands look today like a miniature India. There are people of different languages, cultures and faiths. Yet they all live happily together.

The writer’s family visited the Cellular jail, built by the British. But now it is not a jail. It is now used as a big hospital. Next, they visited the Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park. There one can find open creeks running through the park area. There they watched coral reefs, fishes of different colours and sea turtles through glass-bottomed boats.

Later they travelled by a ferry from Port Blair to Havelock island where they saw a majestic lighthouse. They saw tourists enjoying swimming in the sea and riding on elephants. They took lots of pictures of the beautiful scenery.

Next, they visited Elephant beach. They watched Scuba’diving in which the swimmers dive into the sea from the motor boats and I stay for a long time beneath the sea. They swim along with beautiful fishes and sea turtles. Scuba diving filled the writer’s heart with a spirit of adventure.

Lastly, they visited Radhanagar beach. There the writer and his sister Amala enjoyed a jolly ride on the elephant. There they tasted Tandoori fish and other sea foods. The writer felt he could never forget his trip to Andaman.

A Trip to Andaman Glossary

1. longing (n): strong feeling or desire

2. vanish (v): disappear

3. treating (v): curing an illness or injury

4. inhabited (v): lived

5. aboriginal (adj): original people belonging to a place .

6. creek (n): a narrow area of water where the sea flows into the land.

7. ferry (n): a boat or a ship that carries people, goods, vehicles across a river.

8. coral reefs (n): a hard substance that is red, pink or white in colour and that forms on the bottom of the sea.

9. miniature (n): very small copy/model of something or very small detailed painting.

10. cherish (v): love sb/sth very much and want to. protect them or it

11. majestic (adj): impressive because of size or beauty

12. basking (v): enjoying sitting/lying in the heat/light of the sun

13. breeze (n): a light wind

14. amazement: great surprise or wonder

15. monument (n): a building built to remind people of a famous person or event

16. spectacle (n): a performance/an event that is impressive to look at

17. bade (v): (V₂ form of bid) said farewell/good-bye

18. boarded (v): got on a ship/train/plane/bus

AP State Syllabus AP Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Fractions and Decimals InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 6th Class Maths Solutions 5th Lesson Fractions and Decimals InText Questions

(Page No. 63)

Question 1.
Is it true to say that 3 × \(\frac{1}{5}=\frac{1}{5}\) x 3?
Solution:
3 × \(\frac{1}{5}=\frac{1}{5}\) × 3. Yes, it is true.
By using commutative property over multiplication a × b = b × a
3 × \(\frac{1}{5}=\frac{1}{5}\) × 3 = \(\frac{3}{5}\)

Check Your Progress (Page No. 63)

Find :
i) \(5 \times 3 \frac{2}{7}\)
ii) \(2 \frac{5}{9} \times 3\)
iii) \(2 \frac{4}{7} \times 3\)
iv) \(3 \times 1 \frac{3}{4}\)
Solution:

Let’s Explore (Page No. 64)

Question 1.
Observe the products of fractions.
Have you observed the products of any two fractions is always lesser or greater than each of its fraction, write conclusion.
\(\frac{1}{5} \times \frac{2}{3}=\frac{2}{15}\) (Product of two proper fractions)
Solution:
Product of any two proper fractions is always less than each of its fraction.
i. e., \(\frac{2}{15}<\frac{1}{5} \text { and } \frac{2}{15}<\frac{2}{3}\)

ii) \(\frac{3}{2} \times \frac{5}{4}=\frac{15}{8}\) (Product of two improper fractions) •
Solution:
The product of any two improper fractions is always greater than each of its fraction.
i.e, \(\frac{3}{2}<\frac{15}{8} \text { and } \frac{5}{4}<\frac{15}{8}\)

iii) \(\frac{2}{3} \times \frac{5}{3}=\frac{10}{9}\) (Product of proper and improper fractions)
Solution:
The product of a proper fraction and an improper fraction is always greater than its proper fraction and less than its improper fraction.
i.e., \(\frac{2}{3}<\frac{10}{9} \text { and } \frac{5}{3}>\frac{10}{9}\)

(Pg. No. 66)

Question 1.
i) 4 ÷ \(\frac{1}{8}\)
ii) 9 ÷ \(\frac{3}{4}\)
iii) 7 ÷ \(\frac{2}{3}\)
iv) 35 ÷ \(\frac{7}{3}\)
v) 4 ÷ \(\frac{15}{8}\)
Solution:

(Pg. No. 67)

Question 1.
Observation these products and fill in the blanks.

Solution:

Check Your Progress (Page No. 68)

Question 1.
Write the reciprocal of fractions in the given table.

Solution:

(Reciprocal of a fraction \(\frac{\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{b}}\) is \(\frac{\mathrm{b}}{\mathrm{a}}\))

(Page No. 69)

Question 1.
Find
i) \(\frac{7}{9}\) ÷ 4
ii) \(\frac{3}{4}\) ÷ 9
iii) 4\(\frac{1}{2}\) ÷ 6
iv) \(\frac{1}{5}\) ÷ 3
Solution:

Check Your Progress (Page No. 73, 74 & 75)

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks.

Solution:

Question 2.
Write the place value of the circled digits.

Solution:

Question 3.
a) 700 + 40 + 2 + \(\frac{1}{10}+\frac{3}{100}+\frac{6}{1000}\)
Solution:
700 + 40 + 2 + 0.1 + 0.03 + 0.006 = 742.136

b) 9000 + 800 + 3 + 0.2 + 0.05 + 0.007
Solution:
9000 + 800 + 3 + 0.2 + 0.05 + 0.007 = 983.257

c) 6000 + 400 + 20 + 1 + \(\frac{2}{10}+\frac{5}{100}+\frac{9}{1000}\)
Solution:
6000 + 400 + 20 + 1 + 0.2 + 0.05 + 0.009 = 6421. 259

d) 400 + 5+ \(\frac{1}{10}+\frac{8}{100}\)
Solution:
400 + 5 + 0.1 +0.08 = 405.18

Question 4.
Expand the following into decimals and fractional forms,
a) 164.238
b) 968.054
Solution:
a) 164.238 = 100 + 60 + 4 + 0.2 + 0.03 + 0.008
= 100 + 60 + 4 + \(\frac{2}{10}+\frac{3}{100}+\frac{8}{1000}\)

b) 968.054
Solution:
= 900 + 60 + 8 + 0.0 + 0.05 + 0.004
= 900 + 60 + 8 + 0 + \(\frac{5}{100}+\frac{4}{1000}\)
= 900 + 60 + 8 + \(\frac{5}{100}+\frac{4}{1000}\)

Question 5.
Write fractions as decimals.
1. \(\frac{23}{10}\) = ………..
2. \(\frac{6}{100}\) = ………..
3. \(\frac{3}{8}\) = ………..
4. \(\frac{2}{25}\) = ………..
Solution:
1. \(\frac{23}{10}\) = 2.3
2. \(\frac{6}{100}\) = 0.06
3. \(\frac{3}{8}\) = 0.375
4. \(\frac{2}{25}\) = 0.08

Question 6.
Write decimals as fractions in simplest form.
1. 0.2 = ……………
2. 0.38 = ……………
3. 1.62 = ……………
4. 8.1 = ……………
Solution:
1. 0.2 = \(\frac{2}{10}\)
2. 0.38 = \(\frac{38}{100}\)
3. 1.62 = \(\frac{162}{100}\)
4. 8.1 = \(\frac{81}{10}\)

AP State Syllabus AP Board 6th Class Science Important Questions Chapter 8 How Fabrics are Made

AP State Syllabus 6th Class Science Important Questions 8th Lesson How Fabrics are Made

6th Class Science 8th Lesson How Fabrics are Made 2 Mark Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What are natural fibres? Give examples?
Answer:
The fibres which are deriving from plants and animals are called natural fibres.
Ex: cotton, wool, silk, jute, coir, etc.

Question 2.
What are Artificial fibres? Give examples?
Answer:
The fibres which are deriving from chemicals are artificial fibres or synthetic fibres. Ex : – Polyester, polythene, Nylon, Rayon, etc.

Question 3.
What is fibre?
Answer:
Small strand-like structures are called fibres.

Question 4.
What is weaving?
Answer:
Making fabric from yarn is called weaving.

Question 5.
How can you remove wrinkles from our dress?
Answer:
By ironing, we can remove wrinkles from our dress.

Question 6.
How are clothes useful to us?
Answer:
1) The clothes are used as a shield to protect ourselves from different weather conditions.
2) Along with protection, clothes can also be a symbol of beauty and status.

Question 7.
Which fabric is used in making banners and book bindings?
Answer:
Calico is a type of fabric used in making banners and book bindings.

Question 8.
Which fibre is known as golden fibres?
Answer:
Jute.

Question 9.
Which state is the highest produces of Jute in India?
Answer:
West Bengal.

Question 10.
Why should we use cloth bags instead of polythene bags?
Answer:
To protect our environment we should use cloth bags instead of polythene bags.

Question 11.
Which type of fabrics dries in a short time?
Answer:
Artificial fabrics dry in a short time.

Question 12.
Why seeds are removing from cotton balls?
Answer:
Cotton seeds are removing from cotton balls to make an even and uniform fabric.

Question 13.
Why we spin the fibres in order to make yarn?
Answer:
Fibres are very thin and weak we twist them together to make them strong thick and long.

Question 14.
Which material is used for making gunny bags and why?
Answer:
Jute fibres are used for making gunny bags. Because they are strong and can hold heavy loads.

Question 15.
Name the two types of looms?
Answer:
Handlooms and power loom.

Question 16.
Name the two simple devices used for spinning?
Answer:
Spindle (Takli) and Charaka.

Question 17.
Name the person who made the Charaka popular during the Independence movement?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi.

Question 18.
Where is the coconut industry well developed in India?
Answer:
The coconut industry is mainly well developed in the states of Kerala* Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha.

Question 19.
Which area is famous for Kalamkari Textiles?
Answer:
Machilipatnam and Pedana are famous for Kalamkari textiles.

Question 20.
Which city is famous for the carpet industry?
Answer:
Machilipatnam.

6th Class Science 8th Lesson How Fabrics are Made 4 Mark Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
While purchasing your dress what doubts would you want to clarify from the shopkeepers?
Answer:

• What type of washing does it need?
• Will it absorb the sweat of the body?
• Does the cloth provide free airflow to the body?
• What is the durability of cloth?

Question 2.
How can different fabrics be used?
Answer:

• Our purpose and the priority of fabric together determine which type of fabric to be used.
• Coarse fabrics can be used for mopping and making gunny bags but not for making clothes.
• Some fabrics have to be considered for choosing curtain fabrics.
• The calico fabric used to make banners and bookbinding.

Question 3.
Where is the handloom industry well developed in our state?
Answer:

• The handloom industry is very well developed in our state.
• Places like Venkatagiri, Narayanapeta, Dharmavaram, Mangalagiri and Kothakota are famous for handloom industries.
• Pedana and Machilipatnam are famous for kalamkari.
• Machilipatnam is also famous for the carpet industry.

Question 4.
Where is child labour working? Why are they forced into labour? How can you eradicate child labour?
Answer:

• In agricultural works, where cotton is widely grown, their child labourers are working.
• To pick up maturing cotton bolls from cotton plants, children work in field as child labourers.
• Some parents to get additional income through their children are putting them as child labourers.
• Some organizations are working against child labourers and sending them back to schools.

Question 5.
What are the uses of coir?
Answer:

• The coconut coir industry is one of the rural industry in India.
• The coir is still used for agricultural and domestic purposes, and controlling landslide or soil erosion.
• Brown coir is used in brushes, doormats, mattresses and for making sacks.

Question 6.
What are different clothes used in ancient times by human beings?
Answer:

• Human beings in ancient times use leaves and skins of animals as clothes.
• Clothes were also made from metal Warriors used to wear a metal jacket during wars.
• You can see clothes like these in historical museums are in television shows.

Question 7.
What are the uses of the gunny bags?
Answer:

• Paddy, Chilli and other commercial crops are packed in gunny bags.
• All bags of those types are made up of coarse Jute fabric.
• These bags are suitable for carrying heavy materials.

Question 8.
How do you prepare strong yarn from cotton boll? Describe the activity yam perform?
Answer:

• The yarn that we make from cotton wool is not strong enough to be used for weaving.
• To get strong yarn from fibre, a spindle (takli) an instrument for spinning has been used since olden days.
• Charaka is also used to make yarn.
• The process of making yarn from fibre is called spinning.
  

Question 9.
How yarn is used to make fabric?
Answer:

• The yarn that is prepared from the fibre is used to make fabric.
• Strands of yarn are arranged in vertical and horizontal rows in a Loom to weave fabric.
• The spinning of yarn on large scale is now done by using machines.
• Two sets of yarn arranged together to make the fabric is called weaving.
• Weaving is done on looms, the looms that work with the help of man are called Handlooms. Power looms are run by a machine.
  

Question 10.
How do you make cotton yarn?
Answer:

1. Cotton is usually picked by hands. Cotton wool is separated from seeds. This process is called ginning.
2. Cotton fibre is collected after removing the seeds from the cotton boll.
3. This cotton fibre is cleaned, washed and combed.
4. After combed its is spun to make cotton yarn.

Question 11.
How do you get jute yarn?
Answer:

1. Jute fibre is obtained from the stem of the jute plant.
2. The stem of the harvested plant is cut and immersed in water for some days.
3. When the stem is soaked in water it becomes rotten and easy to peel.
4. Then the fibres are separated from the stem to get jute yarn.

Question 12.
Where do we use jute yarn?
Answer:

1. Paddy, chilli and other commercial crops are packed in gunny bags.
2. All bags of these types are made up of coarse jute fabric.
3. These bags are suitable for carrying heavy material.
4. Jute fibre is obtained from stem of jute plant.

Question 13.
Where do we find the handloom industry in our state?
Answer:

1. The handloom industry is well developed in our state.
2. Places like Uppftda, Venkatagiri, Dharmavaram, Pondhuru, Chirala and Mangalagiri are famous for the handloom industry.
3. Kalamkari is a type of hand-printed cotton textile.
4. Machilipatnam, Pedana are famous for Kalamkari. Machilipatnam is also famous for its carpet industry.

Question 14.
Draw a flow chart to explain the process from fiber to fabric?
Answer:

Question 15.
Write about the coconut industry?
Answer:

1. The coconut coir industry is one of the rural industry in India.
2. It is located mainly in the states like Kerala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha.
3. It provides a source of income to about 5 lakhs of artisans in rural areas.
4. Women constitute about 80% of the workforce in coir industry.

Question 16.
Draw a flow chart about coconut products?
Answer:

Question 17.
Write the uses of coir?
Answer:

1. Coir has come a long way from the ancient uses.
2. It is still used for agricultural and domestic purposes and to control landslide or soil erosion.
3. Coir is also used as a substrate to grow mushrooms.
4. Brown coir is used in brushes, doormats, mattresses and for making sacks.

Question 18.
What are the types of fibres?
Answer:

1. The fibres of some fabrics such as cotton, jute are obtained from plants. Silk and wool are obtained from animals. The fibres that are derived from plants and animals are natural fibres.
2. Nowadays, clothes are also made up of chemically developed yarn like polyester, terylene, nylon, acrylic etc. These are all called artificial fibres.

Question 19.
Why should we use cloth bags instead of plastic bags?
Answer:
We all use polythene bags for different purposes. Polythene is very difficult to decompose. To protect our environment. We should use cloth bags instead of polythene bags.

6th Class Science 8th Lesson How Fabrics are Made 8 Mark Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
How do you make cotton yarn and fibres?
Answer:

• Collect some cotton balls from nearby houses or cotton fields.
• Remove the seeds from cotton balls and separate cotton.
• Take a small piece of cotton and observe it under a microscope.
• We will observe small tiny hairy structures called fibres.
• Removing of seeds from cotton is called ginning.
• These fibres are cleaned, washed and combed.
• These fibres are twisted together to make yarn.
• Now these yarns are dyed and coated with chemicals.
• Then they become strong enough to make fabrics.
  

Question 2.
How do you identify the fibres in fabric? Describe the procedure.
Answer:

• Take a fabric piece. With the help of a magnifying lense, observe how the fabric is
• Pull out threads one by one from the fabric.
  
• Take one thread, scratch its end and observe it through a magnifying lens.
• We can observe small tiny long structures called fibres.
• These fibres are twisted together to form yarn
• By using of these yarn on handlooms or powerlooms the workers are making the cotton fabrics.
  Fibre → Yarn → Fabric

Question 3.
What are the factors involved in the selection of a fabric?
Answer:

• The fabrics protect us from different weather conditions.
• Along with protection clothes are also be a symbol of beauty and status.
• Choice of fabric may vary from person to person.
• Some may like to wear clothes made up of light, thin, shiny fabrics.
• Another person may like to wear clothes that are brightly coloured and made of coarse fabrics.
• Fabrics for casual and formal wear may be different.
• Personal choice, the personality of the owner and the cost of the fabric are all important factors in the selection of perfect fabric.

Question 4.
How do you make a mat with coconut leaves?
Answer:

• Take coconut leaves or two colour paper strips.
• Cut and remove the middle vein of the leaf to get two halves.
• Now put these strips parallel to each other.
• Take one more strips and insert horizontally and alternately between the vertical strips.
• Finally, you will get a sheet-like structure. This is the way a mat is prepared.

Question 5.
What do you observe in gunny yarn? Compare Jute yarn with other yarns?
Answer:

• Collect gunny bags, pull out the threads from the bag and observe under magnifying lens.
• We will see strands of yarn.
• We can compare these fibres with cotton fibres.
• In the same way fibre is made from Red sorrel (Gongura) and bamboo.
• Hemp and flax also plant fibres that are used in making clothes but in smaller quantities as compared to cotton.
• Like cotton, jute yarn is also useful in making fabric.
• It is also called Golden fabric.
• Jute fabrics is not the same as cotton fabric. It is harder, stronger and rougher.

Question 6.
People dress up according to the season. The earth’s revolution is responsible for the changing seasons. Complete the following table.

Answer: