AP State Important Questions

These AP 8th Class Biology Important Questions 3rd Lesson సూక్ష్మజీవుల ప్రపంచం 2 will help students prepare well for the exams.

AP Board 8th Class Biology 3rd Lesson Important Questions and Answers సూక్ష్మజీవుల ప్రపంచం 2

ప్రశ్న 1.
మైదాపిండికి ఈస్టు ఎందుకు కలుపుతారు ?
జవాబు:

• బ్రెడ్ ను తయారుచేయటానికి మైదాపిండికి ఈస్ట్ ను కలుపుతారు.
• ఈస్ట్ కిణ్వనం ద్వారా ఇథైల్ ఆల్కహాలు, కార్బన్ డై ఆక్సైడ్ లను ఏర్పరుస్తుంది.
• ఈ వాయువు మైదాపిండిలో చేరటం వల్ల దీని పరిమాణం పెరిగి స్పాంజి లాగా అవుతుంది.
• దీనివల్ల బ్రెడ్ / కేక్ అతి మెత్తగా వుంటాయి.

ప్రశ్న 2.
సూక్ష్మజీవుల వల్ల ఉపయోగాలు తెలపండి.
జవాబు:

• ఈ సూక్ష్మజీవుల వల్ల మనకు అనేక ఉపయోగాలు వున్నాయి.
• ఈస్ట్ అనే బాక్టీరియా చక్కెరను ఆల్కహాలుగా మారుస్తుంది.
• పెన్సిలిన్, టెట్రామైసిన్, ఎరిత్రోమైసిన్ లాంటి సూక్ష్మజీవ నాశకాలను మనం వీటితో తయారుచేయవచ్చు.
• వీటితో కుక్కలలో, జంతువులలో వచ్చు వ్యాధులను నివారించవచ్చును.
• ఇవి నత్రజని స్థాపనకు ఉపయోగపడతాయి. దీనివల్ల మృత్తిక ఆరోగ్యంగా వుండి అధిక దిగుబడులను ఇస్తుంది.
• ఇవి నేల సారాన్ని పెంచుతాయి.
• వ్యర్థ పదార్థాలను కుళ్ళింపచేసి నేలలో కలసిపోయేట్లు చేస్తాయి.
• జంతు మృత కళేబరాలను కుళ్ళింపచేస్తాయి.
• పర్యావరణాన్ని పరిశుభ్రంగా వుంచటంలో సహాయపడతాయి.
• ఆహారం, పాలు, వైన్ మొదలగు వాటిని నిల్వచేయటానికి సహాయపడతాయి.

ప్రశ్న 3.
సూక్ష్మ జీవనాశకాలు ఫ్లో చార్టును గీయండి.
జవాబు:

ప్రశ్న 4.
‘పెన్సిలిన్ ఆవిష్కరణ’ గురించి క్లుప్తంగా వివరించండి.
జవాబు:

• మొదటి ప్రపంచ యుద్ధకాలంలో అలెగ్జాండర్ ఫ్లెమింగ్ సైన్యంలో డాక్టరుగా పనిచేసేవాడు.
• యుద్ధంలో గాయపడిన సైనికులు బాక్టీరియా ఇన్ ఫెక్షన్ బారినపడి చనిపోవడం చూశాడు.
• దీనికి గల కారణాలను అన్వేషించటానికి ఆయన తన ప్రయోగశాలలో పరిశోధనలు చేయసాగాడు.
• దీనిలో భాగంలో ఫ్లెమింగ్, బాక్టీరియా సమూహాలను పెట్టాడిలో పెంచాడు.
• ఒక రోజు ఒక పెట్రెడిష్ లో ఒక రకమైన శిలీంధ్రం (బూజు) దానిలో వున్న బాక్టీరియా పెరుగుదలను నిరోధించటం గమనించాడు.
• ఆ శిలీంధ్రం ‘పెన్సీలియం నోటాటం’ అని గుర్తించాడు.
• ఇది ఉత్పత్తి చేసిన పదార్థం ‘పెన్సిలిన్’ అని నామకరణం చేశాడు.
• 1945లో దీనికి గౌరవంగా ఫ్లెమింగ్ కు నోబెల్ బహుమతి ఇచ్చారు.

ప్రశ్న 5.
‘సహజీవనం’ అంటే ఏమిటి ?
జవాబు:

• రైజోబియం బాక్టీరియా చిక్కుడు జాతి వేర్ల బొడిపెలలో వుంటాయి.
• ఇది వాతావరణంలోని నత్రజనిని, నత్రితాల రూపంలోకి మార్చి వేర్లతో నిల్వ చేస్తాయి.
• మొక్కలు బాక్టీరియాకు ఆవాసం ఇస్తే, బాక్టీరియా మొక్కకు నత్రితాలను తయారుచేయటంలో సాయపడింది.
• దీనినే Symboisis లేదా ‘సహజీవనం’ అంటారు.

ప్రశ్న 6.
అంటువ్యాధులు అంటే ఏమిటి ?
జవాబు:
ఒకరి నుండి మరొకరికి సంక్రమించే వ్యాధులను అంటువ్యాధులు అంటారు.
ఉదా : జలుబు, కండ్ల కలక, మశూచి, స్వైన్ ఫ్లూ, క్షయ, చికున్ గున్యా మొ॥నవి.

ప్రశ్న 7.
వాహకాలు అనగానేమి ?
జవాబు:
వ్యాధికారక సూక్ష్మజీవులను ఒక చోటి నుండి మరొక చోటికి తీసుకువెళ్ళే జంతువులను, కీటకాలను వాహకాలు అంటారు.
ఉదా : దోమలు (జ్వరాలు), ఈగలు (కలరా), మానవుడు (ఎయిడ్స్)

ప్రశ్న 8.
సూక్ష్మజీవులు మొక్కలలో కలుగచేసే వ్యాధుల వివరాలు పట్టిక రూపంలో రాయండి.
జవాబు:

ప్రశ్న 9.
ఆహార పదార్థాలను సరైన విధానంలో నిల్వచేసి ప్యాకింగ్ చేయటం వల్ల ఉపయోగాలు ఉన్నాయా ? ఉంటే అవి ఏవి ?
జవాబు:
ఆహార పదార్థాలను నిల్వ లేదా ప్యాకింగ్ చేయటం ద్వారా

• ఆహారం పాడవకుండా నిరోధించవచ్చు.
• ఆహారాన్ని ఎక్కువ కాలం నిల్వచేయవచ్చు.
• నాణ్యతను ఎక్కువ కాలం కాపాడవచ్చు.
• దూర ప్రాంతాలకు ఎగుమతి చేయవచ్చు.
• అన్ని కాలాలలో అన్ని కాయలు, పండ్లు, పాలను అందుబాటులో ఉంచవచ్చు.

ప్రశ్న 10.
యాంటిబయాటిక్స్ విచక్షణా రహితంగా వాడటం వలన వచ్చే నష్టము ఏమిటి ?
జవాబు:
యాంటిబయాటిక్స్ ఎప్పుడంటే అప్పుడు ఇష్టం వచ్చినట్లు ఉపయోగించరాదు. అర్హత కలిగిన డాక్టరు ఇచ్చిన సూచనల ప్రకారమే ఉపయోగించాలి. లేకపోతే వాటివల్ల మనకు హాని కలగవచ్చు. అవసరం లేకుండా, ఎక్కువ మోతాదులో యాంటిబయాటిక్స్ ఉపయోగించటం వల్ల జీర్ణ వ్యవస్థలో మేలు చేసే బాక్టీరియా నశించిపోతుంది మరియు రోగకారక బాక్టీరియా నిరోధకతను (Resistance power) పెంచుకుంటాయి.

ప్రశ్న 11.
ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్ టీకాను కనుగొన్న విధానం తెలపండి.
జవాబు:

• ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్ ఒక గ్రామీణ వైద్యుడు.
• ఇతని వద్దకు మశూచి సోకిన వారితోపాటు కౌపాక్స్ సోకిన రైతులు కూడా వచ్చేవారు.
• ఎవరికైతే కౌపాక్స్ సోకుతుందో వారికి మశూచి (smallpox) సోకకపోవడాన్ని ఆయన గమనించాడు.
• అంటే కౌపాక్స్ సోకిన వారిలో వ్యాధి నిరోధకశక్తి (immunity) అభివృద్ధి చెంది అది వారిలో మశూచి వ్యాధి రాకుండా కాపాడుతోందని గుర్తించాడు.
• 1796లో ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్ పాల డెయిరీలో పనిచేసే కౌపాక్స్ సోకిన వ్యక్తి శరీరం మీద ఉన్న బొబ్బ నుండి స్రావాన్ని (రసి) తీసి ఆరోగ్యంగా ఉన్న 8 సంవత్సరాల బాలునికి ఇచ్చాడు.
• ఆరు వారాల తరువాత ఆ బాలుడిని మశూచికి గురి చేశాడు.
• కానీ ఆ బాలునిలో ఎటువంటి మశూచి లక్షణాలూ కనపడలేదు.
• అంటే కౌపాక్స్ బొబ్బ స్రావంలో ఉండే పదార్థం మశూచి వ్యాధి రాకుండా వాక్సిన్ గా పనిచేసిందన్నమాట.
• ఈ మశూచి వాక్సిన్ లక్షలాది మందిని ఈ భయంకరమైన రోగం నుండి కాపాడింది.

ప్రశ్న 12.
ఈ క్రింది పదాలు నిర్వచించండి.
ఎ) వ్యాధి జనకాలు
బి) వ్యాధి వ్యాప్తి
సి) వాహకాలు
డి) అంటువ్యాధులు
జవాబు:
ఎ) వ్యాధి జనకాలు : వ్యాధిని కలిగించే సూక్ష్మజీవులను వ్యాధి జనకాలు అంటారు.
బి) వ్యాధి వ్యాప్తి : వ్యాధి ఒక వ్యక్తి నుండి మరొక వ్యక్తికి విస్తరించటాన్ని వ్యాధి వ్యాప్తి అంటారు.
సి) వాహకాలు : వ్యాధి జనకాలను మోసుకెళ్ళే జంతువులను వాహకాలు అంటారు.
డి) అంటువ్యాధులు : ఒకరి నుండి ఒకరికి సంక్రమించే వ్యాధులను అంటువ్యాధులు అంటారు.

ప్రశ్న 13.
ఒకవేళ మన పరిసరాలలో సూక్ష్మజీవులు లేకపోతే ఏమి జరుగుతుందో ఊహించండి.
జవాబు:

• సూక్ష్మజీవులు మనచుట్టూ ఉండే పరిసరాలను శుభ్రం చేయుట ద్వారా మనకు సహాయం చేస్తాయి.
• మన పరిసరాలలో సూక్ష్మజీవులు లేకపోతే పరిసరాలు పరిశుభ్రంగా ఉండవు.
• మనచుట్టూ ఉన్న పరిసరాలు వృక్ష, జంతు వ్యర్థాలతో నిండిపోతాయి.
• చనిపోయిన కళేబరాలు భూమిలో కుళ్ళిపోవు. .
• అందువలన భూమిమీద నివసించటానికి స్థలం కొరవడుతుంది.

ప్రశ్న 14.
పాశ్చరైజేషన్ విధానం కనిపెట్టకపోతే ఏమి జరిగి ఉండేదో ఆలోచించండి.
జవాబు:

• పాశ్చరైజేషన్ పద్ధతిలో పాలను నిల్వ చేస్తాము.
• దీనివలన పాలను ఎక్కువకాలం ఉంచి దూరప్రాంతాలకు రవాణా చేయగలుగుతున్నాము.
• అన్ని ప్రాంతాలవారికి పాలు అందించగలుగుతున్నాము.
• పాశ్చరైజేషన్ విధానం లేకపోతే మనకు తీవ్రమైన పాల కొరత ఏర్పడేది.
• మనకు ఇన్ని రకాల పాల ఉత్పత్తులు లభించేవి కావు.
• ఎదిగే పిల్లలు పోషకాహార లోపంతో బాధపడేవారు.

ప్రశ్న 15.
మానవునిలో సూక్ష్మజీవుల వలన కలిగే సాధారణ వ్యాధులు, వాటి నివారణ పద్ధతులను సేకరించి పట్టిక రూపొందించండి.
జవాబు:

ప్రశ్న 16.
నాస్టాక్, అనబినా బొమ్మలు గీయండి.
జవాబు:

ప్రశ్న 17.
ఒక కాలనీలో అనేకమంది కలరాతో బాధపడుతున్నారు. కారణమేమైవుంటుందో ఊహించండి.
జవాబు:

• కలరా వ్యాధి కారక క్రిములు కలుషిత నీరు, కలుషిత ఆహారాన్ని స్వీకరించడం వలన వ్యాపిస్తాయి.
• అందువలన, కాలనీలోని ప్రజలు బహుశా కలుషిత నీటిని, ఆహారాన్ని సేవించడం వలన కలరా వ్యాధికి గురి అయి ఉండవచ్చు.

ప్రశ్న 18.
చేపలను నిల్వ చేసే ఏవైనా రెండు పద్ధతులను సూచించండి.
జవాబు:

• ఎండబెట్టడం
• పొగపెట్టడం
• క్యానింగ్
• శీతలీకరించడం

ప్రశ్న 19.
సహజీవనం అంటే ఏమిటి ? రెండు ఉదాహరణలివ్వండి.
జవాబు:

• రైజోబియం బాక్టీరియా చిక్కుడు జాతి వేర్ల బొడిపెలలో వుంటాయి.
• ఇది వాతావరణంలోని నత్రజనిని, నత్రితాల రూపంలోకి మార్చి వేర్లతో నిల్వ చేస్తాయి.
• మొక్కలు బాక్టీరియాకు ఆవాసం ఇస్తే, బాక్టీరియా మొక్కకు నత్రితాలను తయారుచేయటంలో సాయపడింది.
• దీనినే Symboisis లేదా ‘సహజీవనం’ అంటారు.

ఉదాహరణ 1 : లెగ్యుమినేసి మొక్కల వేర్ల బుడిపెలలో సహజీవనం చేయు రైజోబియం బ్యా క్టీరియా
ఉదాహరణ 2 : శైవలాలు, శిలీంధ్రాలు లైకెన్లలో జరుపు సహజీవనం.

ప్రశ్న 20.
చేపలను నిల్వ చేసే ఏవైనా రెండు పద్ధతులను సూచించండి.
జవాబు:

• ఎండబెట్టడం
• పొగపెట్టడం
• క్యానింగ్
• శీతలీకరించడం

ప్రశ్న 21.
ఒక ప్రయోగంలో బాసిల్లస్ రహిత వాతావరణంలో దోశపిండిని ఉంచారనుకుందాం. ఒక రోజు తరువాత పిండిలో ఏమి మార్పు జరుగుతుందో రాయండి ?
జవాబు:

• దోశపిండి పులియదు.
• దోశపిండి పరిమాణంలో ఎటువంటి మార్పు ఉండదు.

ప్రశ్న 22.
క్రింది ఇవ్వబడిన సూక్ష్మజీవులను ఉపయోగకరమైన మరియు హానికరమైన సూక్ష్మజీవులుగా వర్గీకరించండి.
ప్లాస్మోడియం, లాక్టోబాసిల్లస్, రైజోబియం, పెన్సీలియం, ఈస్ట్, వైరస్
జవాబు:
ఉపయోగకరమైన సూక్ష్మజీవులు :

• లాక్టోబాసిల్లస్రై
• జోబియం
• పెన్సీలియం
• ఈస్ట్

హానికర సూక్షజీవులు :

• ప్లాస్మోడియం
• వైరస్

ప్రశ్న 23.
చల్లటి పాలకు మజ్జిగ కలిపితే ఏమౌతుంది ?
జవాబు:
పాలు పెరుగుగా మారవు. ఎందుకంటే చల్లని పాలలో లాక్టోబాసిల్లస్ బాక్టీరియా ఉండదు.

ప్రశ్న 24.
సూక్ష్మజీవులను గూర్చి మీ పాఠశాలలో క్విజ్ నిర్వహించడానికి నీవు ఎలాంటి ప్రశ్నలు తయారుచేస్తావు ?
జవాబు:

1. “పెన్సిలిన్” ను కనిపెట్టిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు ?
2. పాలను పెరుగుగా మార్చు బాక్టీరియా ఏది ?
3. పాశ్చరైజేషన్ ప్రక్రియ ద్వారా నిలువ చేయబడు ఆహార పదార్థాలు ఏవి ?
4. ఆల్కహాల్ తయారీలో ఉపయోగపడు సూక్ష్మజీవి ఏది ?

ప్రశ్న 25.
వేరు బుడిపెల్లో నత్రజని స్థాపనకు ఉపయోగపడే బాక్టీరియాల పేరేమిటి ?
జవాబు:
రైజోబియం

ప్రశ్న 26.
వ్యాధులు రాకుండా నీవెలాంటి జాగ్రత్తలు తీసుకుంటావు ?
జవాబు:

• పరిశుభ్రమైన నీటిని, ఆహారాన్ని తీసుకుంటాను.
• పరిసరాలను పరిశుభ్రంగా ఉంచుకుంటారు.
• వ్యాధులకు గురికాకుండా వ్యాక్సిన్లు వేయించుకుంటాను.

ప్రశ్న 27.
ఆరుబయట మలవిసర్జన వ్యాధికారక క్రిములు సులభంగా వ్యాపించడానికి మార్గం. దీని నుంచి రక్షించుకోవడానికి మనం ఏం చేయాలో తెలుపుతూ ర్యా లీ నిర్వహించడానికి మీరు కొన్ని నినాదాలు రాయండి.
జవాబు:

1. పరిసరాల పరిశుభ్రత – మనందరి బాధ్యత
2. మరుగుదొడ్డిని ఉపయోగిద్దాం – వ్యాధుల నుండి సురక్షితంగా ఉందాం.
3. మరుగుదొడ్డిని వాడదాం – స్వఛ్ భారత్ ను సాధిద్దాం.
4. మరుగుదొడ్డి వాడకం – జాతి భవిత నిర్దేశకం.

ప్రశ్న 28.
కింది సమాచారం చదివి సూక్ష్మజీవులు, అవి కలిగించే వ్యాధులను పట్టిక రూపంలో రాయండి.
సూక్ష్మజీవులు : వైరలు, బ్యాక్టీరియాలు, ప్రొటోజోవాలు, ఆరోపొడాలు
వ్యాధులు : గజ్జి, మలేరియా, కండ్లకలక, టైఫాయిడ్
జవాబు:

1 మార్కు ప్రశ్నలు

ప్రశ్న 1.
ప్రతిరక్షకాలు అంటే ఏమిటి ?
జవాబు:
వ్యాధిని కలిగించే సూక్ష్మజీవులు మన శరీరంలోకి ప్రవేశిస్తే వాటి నుండి మనల్ని రక్షించేందుకు మన శరీరం కొన్ని రక్షకాలను ఉత్పత్తి చేస్తుంది. వీటినే ప్రతిరక్షకాలు అంటారు.

ప్రశ్న 2.
పాశ్చరైజేషన్ అంటే ఏమిటి?
జవాబు:
పాశ్చరైజేషన్ : ఆహార పదార్థాలను వేడి చేయటం ద్వారా సూక్ష్మజీవులను తొలగించి వాటిని ఎక్కువ సమయం నిల్వ చేయటాన్ని పాశ్చరైజేషన్ అంటారు. దీనిని లూయీపాశ్చర్ కనిపెట్టారు.

ప్రశ్న 3.
లాక్టోబాసిల్లస్ బాక్టీరియా పాలను పెరుగుగా మారుస్తుందని నీవు ఎలా చెప్పగలవు ?
జవాబు:
పెరుగులో లాక్టోబాసిల్లస్ బాక్టీరియా ఉంటుంది. ఈ పెరుగు గోరువెచ్చని పాలలో కలిపినప్పుడు ఈ బాక్టీరియా పాలలో పెరిగి, పాలను పెరుగుగా మారుస్తుంది.

ప్రశ్న 4.
అంటువ్యాధులు అంటే ఏమిటి ?
జవాబు:
ఒకరి నుండి మరొకరికి సంక్రమించే వ్యాధులను అంటువ్యాధులు అంటారు.
ఉదా : జలుబు, కండ్ల కలక, మశూచి, స్వైన్ ఫ్లూ, క్షయ, చికున్ గున్యా మొ॥నవి.

ప్రశ్న 5.
వాహకాలు అనగానేమి ?
జవాబు:
వ్యాధికారక సూక్ష్మజీవులను ఒక చోటి నుండి మరొక చోటికి తీసుకువెళ్ళే జంతువులను, కీటకాలను వాహకాలు అంటారు.
ఉదా : దోమలు (జ్వరాలు), ఈగలు (కలరా), మానవుడు (ఎయిడ్స్)

ప్రశ్న 6.
వ్యాధి జనకాలు అనగానేమి?
జవాబు:
వ్యాధి జనకాలు : వ్యాధిని కలిగించే సూక్ష్మజీవులను వ్యాధి జనకాలు అంటారు.

ప్రశ్న 7.
వ్యాధి వ్యాప్తి అంటే ఏమిటి?
జవాబు:
వ్యాధి వ్యాప్తి : వ్యాధి ఒక వ్యక్తి నుండి మరొక వ్యక్తికి విస్తరించటాన్ని వ్యాధి వ్యాప్తి అంటారు.

లక్ష్యాత్మక నియోజనము

సరియైన సమాధానమును గుర్తించుము.

ప్రశ్న 1.
…………… అనే ప్రక్రియ ఎసిటిక్ ఆమ్ల తయారీలో వాడతారు.
ఎ) శ్వాసక్రియ
బి) కర్బన స్థాపన
సి) కిణ్వనం
డి) జీర్ణక్రియ
జవాబు:
సి) కిణ్వనం

ప్రశ్న 2.
ఇది ప్రత్యుత్పత్తి వ్యవస్థలకు వచ్చే వ్యాధి.
ఎ) గనేరియా
బి) కలరా
సి) మశూచి
డి) క్షయ
జవాబు:
ఎ) గనేరియా

ప్రశ్న 3.
ఈస్ట్ కలిపిన చక్కెర …………. వాసన వస్తుంది.
ఎ) చేదు
బి) తీపి
సి) వగరు
డి) ఆల్కహాల్
జవాబు:
డి) ఆల్కహాల్

ప్రశ్న 4.
‘తాకడం’ ద్వారా వచ్చే వ్యా ధి …………..
ఎ) మలేరియా
బి) టైఫాయిడ్
సి) ఎయిడ్స్
డి) మెదడు వాపు
జవాబు:
సి) ఎయిడ్స్

ప్రశ్న 5.
ఈగల ద్వారా వ్యాప్తి చెందే వ్యాధి ………..
ఎ) కలరా
బి) ఎయిడ్స్
సి) గట్టి
డి) మలేరియా
జవాబు:
ఎ) కలరా

ప్రశ్న 6.
తట్టు, గవదబిళ్ళలకు ఇచ్చే టీకా …………
ఎ) చుక్కల మందు
బి) ట్రిపుల్ యాంటిజెన్
సి) MMR టీకా
డి) D.J.P
జవాబు:
సి) MMR టీకా

ప్రశ్న 7.
B.C.G. అనే టీకా మందు ఈ వ్యాధి రాకుండా ఇస్తారు.
ఎ) మశూచి
బి) క్షయ
సి) ఎయిడ్స్
డి) ఫ్లూ
జవాబు:
బి) క్షయ

ప్రశ్న 8.
వరిలో స్మట్ తెగులు ……… సూక్ష్మజీవి వల్ల వస్తుంది.
ఎ) వైరస్
బి) బాక్టీరియా
సి) శిలీంధ్రం
డి) ఆర్థోడ్
జవాబు:
సి) శిలీంధ్రం

ప్రశ్న 9.
పండ్లు, శీతల పానీయాలు, పాలు డబ్బాలలో వుంచి ఎక్కువ కాలం నిల్వ చేయవచ్చు.
ఎ) రేకు
బి) అల్యూమినియం
సి) గాలి తగలని
డి) అట్టపెట్టెలో
జవాబు:
సి) గాలి తగలని

ప్రశ్న 10.
చేపలకు ………… కలిపి ఎండబెట్టటం ద్వారా ఎక్కువ రోజులు నిల్వ చేస్తారు.
ఎ) ఉప్పు
బి) ఆమ్లం
సి) క్షారం
డి) ఆల్కహాల్
జవాబు:
ఎ) ఉప్పు

ప్రశ్న 11.
పాలు పెరుగుగా మారడానికి కారణం
ఎ) ఈస్ట్
బి) లాక్టోబాసిల్లస్
సి) ఆస్పర్జిల్లస్
డి) పెన్సీలియం
జవాబు:
బి) లాక్టోబాసిల్లస్

ప్రశ్న 12.
కిణ్వన ప్రక్రియలో విడుదలయ్యే వాయువు
ఎ) ఈథేన్
బి) మీథేన్
సి) కార్బన్ డై ఆక్సైడ్
డి) ఆక్సిజన్
జవాబు:
సి) కార్బన్ డై ఆక్సైడ్

ప్రశ్న 13.
మొలాసిస్ ద్రావణానికి ఈస్ట్ ని కలిపి దీనిని తయారు చేస్తారు.
ఎ) చక్కెర
బి) ఇథైల్ ఆల్కహాల్
సి) మిథైల్ ఆల్కహాల్
డి) రొట్టెలు
జవాబు:
బి) ఇథైల్ ఆల్కహాల్

ప్రశ్న 14.
బాక్టీరియాను చంపివేయటానికి ఉపయోగపడే సూక్ష్మజీవ నాశకాలను దీని నుండి తయారుచేస్తారు.
ఎ) బాక్టీరియా
బి) శైవలాలు
సి) శిలీంధ్రాలు
డి) ప్రోటోజోవన్లు
జవాబు:
సి) శిలీంధ్రాలు

ప్రశ్న 15.
సూక్ష్మజీవనాశకాలు దీనిని నిరోధించటానికి ఉపయోగిస్తారు.
ఎ) గనేరియా
బి) డయేరియా
సి) సెప్టిసీమియా
డి) పైవన్నీ
జవాబు:
డి) పైవన్నీ

ప్రశ్న 16.
పెన్సిలినను కనుగొన్నది
ఎ) జోనస్సక్
బి) ఎల్లాప్రగడ సుబ్బారావు
సి) అలెగ్జాండర్ ఫ్లెమింగ్
డి) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్
జవాబు:
సి) అలెగ్జాండర్ ఫ్లెమింగ్

ప్రశ్న 17.
టెట్రాసైక్లినను కనిపెట్టినది
ఎ) జోనస్సీక్
బి) ఎల్లాప్రగడ సుబ్బారావు
సి) అలెగ్జాండర్ ఫ్లెమింగ్
డి) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్
జవాబు:
బి) ఎల్లాప్రగడ సుబ్బారావు

ప్రశ్న 18.
పోలియో వ్యాధికి టీకాను కనుగొన్నది
ఎ) ఆల్బర్ట్ సాబిన్
బి) జోనస్సక్
సి) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్
డి) అలెగ్జాండర్ ఫ్లెమింగ్
జవాబు:
బి) జోనస్సక్

ప్రశ్న 19.
పోలియో వ్యాధికి చుక్కలమందును కనుగొన్నది
ఎ) ఆల్బర్ట్ సాబిన్
బి) జోనస్సక్
సి) ఫ్లెమింగ్
డి) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్
జవాబు:
ఎ) ఆల్బర్ట్ సాబిన్

ప్రశ్న 20.
ఏదైనా వ్యాధిని కల్గించే సూక్ష్మజీవులు శరీరంలోకి ప్రవేశిస్తే
ఎ) మన శరీరం ప్రతిజనకాలనుత్పత్తి చేస్తుంది.
బి) మన శరీరం ప్రతిరక్షకాలనుత్పత్తి చేస్తుంది.
సి) మనకు జ్వరం వస్తుంది.
డి) బి మరియు సి
జవాబు:
డి) బి మరియు సి

ప్రశ్న 21.
వ్యాక్సినేషన్ అనగా
ఎ) ప్రతిరక్షకాలను శరీరంలోకి ప్రవేశపెట్టడం
బి) వ్యాధిని కల్గించే నిర్జీవ సూక్ష్మజీవులను మన శరీరంలోకి ప్రవేశపెట్టడం
సి) వ్యాధిని తగ్గించే రసాయనాలను శరీరంలోకి ప్రవేశపెట్టడం
డి) వ్యాధిని తగ్గించే శిలీంధ్రాలను శరీరంలోనికి ప్రవేశపెట్టడం
జవాబు:
బి) వ్యాధిని కల్గించే నిర్జీవ సూక్ష్మజీవులను మన శరీరంలోకి ప్రవేశపెట్టడం

ప్రశ్న 22.
ఈ క్రింది వానిలో టీకాలేని వ్యా ధి
ఎ) గవదబిళ్ళలు
బి) తట్టు
సి) అమ్మవారు
డి) మలేరియా
జవాబు:
డి) మలేరియా

ప్రశ్న 23.
రేబిస్ వ్యాధికి వ్యాక్సినను కనుగొన్నది
ఎ) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్
బి) లూయపాశ్చర్
సి) జోన్స క్
డి) ఆల్బర్ట్ సాబిన్
జవాబు:
బి) లూయపాశ్చర్

ప్రశ్న 24.
మశూచి వ్యాధికి వ్యాక్సినను కనుగొన్నది
ఎ) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్
బి) లూయిపాశ్చర్
సి) జోనస్సక్
డి) ఆల్బర్ట్ సాబిన్
జవాబు:
ఎ) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్

ప్రశ్న 25.
లాటిన్ భాషలో వాకా అనగా
ఎ) ఆవు
బి) కుక్క
సి) పిల్లి
డి) గేదె
జవాబు:
ఎ) ఆవు

ప్రశ్న 26.
గాలిలో నత్రజని శాతం
ఎ) 72%
బి) 75%
సి) 78%
డి) 82%
జవాబు:
సి) 78%

ప్రశ్న 27.
క్రింది వానిలో నత్రజని స్థాపన చేయనిది
ఎ) రైజోపస్
బి) రైజోబియం
సి) అనబిన
డి) నాస్టాక్
జవాబు:
ఎ) రైజోపస్

ప్రశ్న 28.
వేరుశనగ మొక్కలో రైజోబియం బాక్టీరియం ఎక్కడ ఉంటుంది?
ఎ) వేరుశనగకాయ
బి) ఆకులు
సి) కాండం
డి) వేర్లు
జవాబు:
డి) వేర్లు

ప్రశ్న 29.
క్రింది వానిలో లెగ్యుమినేసి కుటుంబానికి చెందని మొక్క
ఎ) చిక్కుడు
బి) బఠాణి
సి) పిల్లి పెసర
డి) బార్లీ
జవాబు:
డి) బార్లీ

ప్రశ్న 30.
B.T. అనగా
ఎ) బాక్టీరియం థురెంజెనిసిస్
బి) బాసిల్లస్ థురెంజెనిసిస్
సి) బాక్టీరియం ట్యూబర్‌క్యులోసిస్
డి) బాసిల్లస్ ట్యూబర్‌క్యులోసిస్
జవాబు:
బి) బాసిల్లస్ థురెంజెనిసిస్

ప్రశ్న 31.
సముద్రంలో ఓడల నుండి ప్రమాదవశాత్తూ ఒలికిపోయిన నూనె తెట్టును తొలగించడానికి దేనినుపయోగిస్తారు?
ఎ) సముద్ర శైవలాలు
బి) ప్రోటోజోవన్లు
సి) బాక్టీరియా
డి) శిలీంధ్రాలు
జవాబు:
సి) బాక్టీరియా

ప్రశ్న 32.
ఈ క్రింది వానిలో అంటువ్యాధి కానిది
ఎ) మలేరియా
బి) క్షయ
సి) జలుబు
డి) మశూచి
జవాబు:
ఎ) మలేరియా

ప్రశ్న 33.
మలేరియా వ్యాధిని కలుగచేసే ప్లాస్మోడియం అనే సూక్ష్మజీవికి వాహకం
ఎ) మగ ఎనాఫిలిస్ దోమ
బి) ఆడ ఎనాఫిలిస్ దోమ
సి) మగ క్యూలెక్స్ దోమ
డి) ఆడ క్యూలెక్స్ దోమ
జవాబు:
బి) ఆడ ఎనాఫిలిస్ దోమ

ప్రశ్న 34.
అంటువ్యాధులు దేనిద్వారా వ్యాప్తి చెందుతాయి ?
ఎ) గాలి
బి) నీరు
సి) ఆహారం
డి) పైవన్నీ
జవాబు:
డి) పైవన్నీ

ప్రశ్న 35.
ప్లాస్మోడియం ఆడ ఎనాఫిలిస్ దోమ ద్వారా వ్యాప్తి చెందుతుంది అని కనిపెట్టింది
ఎ) లూయిపాశ్చర్
బి) స్పాల్లాంజెనీ
సి) రొనాల్డ్రాస్
డి) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్
జవాబు:
సి) రొనాల్డ్రాస్

ప్రశ్న 36.
ఈగల వలన రాని వ్యాధి
ఎ) మలేరియా
బి) టైఫాయిడ్
సి) డయేరియా
డి) కలరా
జవాబు:
ఎ) మలేరియా

ప్రశ్న 37.
కలుషితమైన నీటి ద్వారా వచ్చే వ్యా ధి
ఎ) డెంగ్యూ
బి) చికున్ గున్యా
సి) స్వైన్ ఫ్లూ
డి) కలరా
జవాబు:
డి) కలరా

ప్రశ్న 38.
ఈ క్రింది వానిలో దోమల ద్వారా వ్యాపించని వ్యాధి
ఎ) స్వైన్ ఫ్లూ
బి) డెంగ్యూ
సి) చికున్ గున్యా
డి) మెదడువాపు వ్యాధి
జవాబు:
ఎ) స్వైన్ ఫ్లూ

ప్రశ్న 39.
గాలి ద్వారా వ్యాపించే వ్యాధి
ఎ) స్వైన్ ఫ్లూ
బి) పోలియో
సి) మశూచి
డి) పైవన్నీ
జవాబు:
డి) పైవన్నీ

ప్రశ్న 40.
ఈ క్రింది వానిలో శిలీంధ్రం ద్వారా రాని వ్యాధి ఏది?
ఎ) వరిలో కాటుక తెగులు
బి) వేరుశనగలో టిక్కా తెగులు
సి) చెరకులో ఎర్రకుళ్ళు తెగులు
డి) నిమ్మలో కాంకర తెగులు
జవాబు:
డి) నిమ్మలో కాంకర తెగులు

ప్రశ్న 41.
పొగాకులో మొజాయిక్ వ్యాధిని కల్గించేది
ఎ) బాక్టీరియా
బి) శిలీంధ్రం
సి) వైరస్
డి) కీటకాలు
జవాబు:
సి) వైరస్

ప్రశ్న 42.
ఆహారం విషతుల్యం అవడానికి కారణం అయ్యే బాక్టీరియం
ఎ) క్లాస్టీడియం బొట్యులినం
బి) సాల్లోనెల్లా టైఫోసా
సి) విబ్రియోకామా
డి) మైకో బాక్టీరియం
జవాబు:
ఎ) క్లాస్టీడియం బొట్యులినం

ప్రశ్న 43.
ఆంధ్రాక్స్ వ్యాధి వేటికి సోకుతుంది ?
ఎ) గొర్రెలు
బి) మేకలు
సి) మానవులు
డి) పై వాటన్నిటికీ
జవాబు:
డి) పై వాటన్నిటికీ

ప్రశ్న 44.
దీనిని కలపడం ద్వారా సూక్ష్మజీవుల పెరుగుదలను నివారించలేము.
ఎ) ఉప్పు
బి) పసుపు
సి) నూనె
డి) మసాల
జవాబు:
డి) మసాల

ప్రశ్న 45.
సూక్ష్మజీవులు ఇక్కడ వృద్ధి చెందవు.
ఎ) అతి ఎక్కువ ఉష్ణోగ్రత వద్ద
బి) అతి తక్కువ ఉష్ణోగ్రత వద్ద
సి) ఎ మరియు బి
డి) పైవేవీ కావు
జవాబు:
సి) ఎ మరియు బి

ప్రశ్న 46.
పాశ్చరైజేషన్ లో పాలను ఎంత వరకు వేడిచేస్తారు ?
ఎ) 70°C
బి) 80°C
సి) 100°C
డి) 90°C
జవాబు:
ఎ) 70°C

ప్రశ్న 47.
మరిగించడం ద్వారా సూక్ష్మజీవులను చంపవచ్చని నిరూపించినది
ఎ) పాశ్చర్
బి) స్పాల్లాంజని
సి) జెన్నర్
డి) జోనస్నక్
జవాబు:
బి) స్పాల్లాంజని

ప్రశ్న 48.
క్రిమి సిద్ధాంతాన్ని ప్రతిపాదించినది
ఎ) పాశ్చర్
బి) స్పాల్లాంజని
సి) జెన్నర్
డి) జోనస్సక్
జవాబు:
ఎ) పాశ్చర్

ప్రశ్న 49.
ప్రపంచ మలేరియా దినం
ఎ) జూన్ 20
బి) జులై 20
సి) ఆగస్టు 20
డి) సెప్టెంబరు 20
జవాబు:
సి) ఆగస్టు 20

ప్రశ్న 50.
దీనిని ఉపయోగించుట ద్వారా వ్యాధి జనక జీవులను ప్రత్యక్షంగా సంహరించవచ్చు.
ఎ) ఆంటిసెప్టిక్స్
బి) ఆంటి బయోటిక్స్
సి) విటమిన్ సప్లిమెంట్స్
డి) పెరుగు
జవాబు:
బి) ఆంటి బయోటిక్స్

ప్రశ్న 51.
కిణ్వన ప్రక్రియలో వెలువడే వాయువు
ఎ) O₂
బి) H₂
సి) N₂
డి) CO₂
జవాబు:
డి) CO₂

ప్రశ్న 52.
కింది వాటిలో ఏ వ్యాధి ప్రధానంగా గాలి ద్వారా వ్యాప్తి చెందుతుంది ?
ఎ) ట్యూబర్ క్యులోసిస్
బి) ఎయిడ్స్
సి) టైఫాయిడ్
డి) మలేరియా
జవాబు:
ఎ) ట్యూబర్ క్యులోసిస్

ప్రశ్న 53.
తప్పుగా జతచేసిన వాటిని గుర్తించండి.
ఎ) వేరుబుడిపెలు-రైజోబియం
బి) మలేరియా-వైరస్
సి) సిట్రస్ క్యాంకర్-వైరస్
డి) చెరుకులో రెడ్ ట్-ఫంగై (శిలీంధ్రం)
జవాబు:
బి) మలేరియా-వైరస్

ప్రశ్న 54.
టైఫాయిడ్, కలరా, డయేరియా, విరేచనాలు మరియు కామెర్లు అనే వ్యాధులు
ఎ) నీటి ద్వారా వచ్చే వ్యాధులు
బి) గాలి ద్వారా వచ్చే వ్యాధులు
సి) ఎ మరియు బి
డి) పైవేవీ కావు
జవాబు:
ఎ) నీటి ద్వారా వచ్చే వ్యాధులు

ప్రశ్న 55.
రిత్విక్ చక్కెర ద్రావణంకు ఈస్ట్ పౌడర్ కలిపి ఒక రోజంతా ఉంచాడు
ఎ) ద్రావణం ఉప్పగా మారి, వాసనలేకుండా ఉండడం
బి) ద్రావణం నీలినలుపు రంగులోకి మారడం
సి) ద్రావణంలో ఏ మార్పు కన్పించదు
డి) ద్రావణం ఆల్కహాల్ వాసన కల్గి ఉంటుంది.
ద్రావణంపైన బుడగలు కన్పిస్తాయి
జవాబు:
డి) ద్రావణం ఆల్కహాల్ వాసన కల్గి ఉంటుంది.

ప్రశ్న 56.
చిత్రంలో మొసాయిక్ వ్యాధిని గుర్తించండి.

జవాబు:

ప్రశ్న 57.
ఇడ్లీ పిండికి ఈస్టు కలిపితే జరిగే పర్యవసానంలో సరియైనది
1) ఉష్ణోగ్రత తగ్గిపోతుంది
2) పిండి యొక్క పరిమాణం పెరుగుతుంది
3) ఈస్ట్ కణాలు నీటిని ఉత్పత్తి చేస్తాయి
4) కార్బన్ డై ఆక్సైడ్ వాయువు విడుదలగును
ఎ) 1, 2 మాత్రమే
బి) 2, 3 మాత్రమే
సి) 2, 4 మాత్రమే
డి) 4 మాత్రమే
జవాబు:
సి) 2, 4 మాత్రమే

ప్రశ్న 58.
రైతులకు ఉపయోగపడే సూక్ష్మజీవి
ఎ) రైజోబియం
బి) లాక్టోబాసిల్లస్
సి) పెన్సిలిన్
డి) అమీబా
జవాబు:
ఎ) రైజోబియం

ప్రశ్న 59.
మొట్టమొదటిసారిగా టీకాలను కనుగొన్నది
ఎ) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్-1696
బి) రోనాల్డ్ రాస్-1796
సి) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్-1796
డి) లూయీ పాశ్చర్-1696
జవాబు:
సి) ఎడ్వర్డ్ జెన్నర్-1796

ప్రశ్న 60.
కింది వానిలో వైరస్ ద్వారా వచ్చే వ్యాధులు
ఎ) టైఫాయిడ్, డయేరియా
బి) మలేరియా, అమీబియాసిస్
సి) కండ్లకలక, అమ్మవారు
డి) గుండె జబ్బు
జవాబు:
సి) కండ్లకలక, అమ్మవారు

ప్రశ్న 61.
గేదె గిట్టలకు వ్యాధి వచ్చి అది సక్రమముగా నడవ లేకున్నది. ఇది ఏ వ్యాధి అయి వుండవచ్చును.
ఎ) ఆంథ్రాక్స్
బి) మశూచి
సి) రాబిస్
డి) గాలికుంటు
జవాబు:
డి) గాలికుంటు

ప్రశ్న 62.
టీకాల పనితీరును ప్రశ్నించేందుకు డాక్టరును అడగాల్సిన సరైన ప్రశ్న
ఎ) టీకాలు వేయించుకోవడం వల్ల ఆరోగ్యంగా వుంటామా ?
బి) టీకాల కంటే ఏంటిబయాటిక్స్ బాగా పనిచేస్తాయా?
సి) టీకాలు మన శరీరంలో ఎలా పనిచేస్తాయి ?
డి) టీకాలు వేయించుకోవడం వల్ల జ్వరం వస్తుందా?
జవాబు:
సి) టీకాలు మన శరీరంలో ఎలా పనిచేస్తాయి ?

ప్రశ్న 63.
జతపరచండి.

ఎ) 1 – ఎ, 2 – బి, 3 – సి
బి) 1 – బి, 2 – ఎ, 3 – సి
సి) 1 – సి, 2 – ఎ, 3 – బి
డి) 1 – బి, 2 – సి, 3 – ఎ
జవాబు:
సి) 1 – సి, 2 – ఎ, 3 – బి

ప్రశ్న 64.
రేబిస్ వ్యాధి దీనివల్ల కలుగుతుంది
ఎ) దోమలు కుట్టడం
బి) కుక్క కాటు
సి) దెబ్బలు తగలడం
డి) కలుషిత ఆహారం
జవాబు:
బి) కుక్క కాటు

ప్రశ్న 65.
కింది వాక్యాలు చదవండి. జవాబును గుర్తించండి.
1) జ్వరం వచ్చినపుడు వాక్సినను వేయించుకోవాలి
2) పోలియో రాకుండా ఏంటిబయాటికన్ను తీసుకోవాలి
ఎ) 1వది తప్పు 2వది సరైనది
బి) 1, 2 సరైనవే
సి) 1, 2 సరైనవి కావు
డి) 1 సరైనదే 2వది తప్పు
జవాబు:
బి) 1, 2 సరైనవే

ప్రశ్న 66.
వ్యాధుల నుండి దూరంగా వుండడానికి నీవు పాటించే అంశం
ఎ) కాచి చల్చార్చిన నీటిని తాగుతాను
బి) ఆహార పదార్థాలను వేడిగా వున్నప్పుడే భుజిస్తాను
సి) పరిసరాలను శుభ్రంగా వుంచుకొంటాను
డి) పైవన్నియు
జవాబు:
డి) పైవన్నియు

ప్రశ్న 67.
కింది సూక్ష్మజీవి బేకరీల్లో కేక్ తయారీలో ఉపయోగపడుతుంది
ఎ) ఈస్ట్
బి) లాక్టోబాసిల్లస్
సి) వైరస్
డి) రైజోఫస్
జవాబు:
ఎ) ఈస్ట్

ప్రశ్న 68.
నీ ఆరోగ్యాన్ని సంరక్షించుకొనేందుకు కింది వానిలో ఏది సరైన చర్య
ఎ) వాటర్ బాటిళ్ళలో నిల్వ చేసిన నీటిని తాగడం
బి) కుళాయి నీటిని తాగడం
సి) బావి నీటిని తేరు పట్టి తాగడం
డి) కాచి చల్లార్చిన నీటిని తాగడం
జవాబు:
డి) కాచి చల్లార్చిన నీటిని తాగడం

These AP 7th Class Science Important Questions 11th Lesson Fibres and Fabrics will help students prepare well for the exams.

AP Board 7th Class Science 11th Lesson Important Questions and Answers Fibres and Fabrics

Question 1.
What are animal fibers? Give examples.
Answer:

1. The fabrics that are derived from animals are called animal fibres.
2. Examples of animal fibres are silk and wool.

Question 2.
What are the sheep varieties from which we get fine quality wool?
Answer:

1. Marino sheep is the world famous breed for wool rearing.
2. Deccani sheep is reared for meat and wool in Andhra Pradesh.

Question 3.
Name the famous breeds of goats for obtaining wool.
Answer:

1. Angora goat is world famous for it’s wool, known as Mohair.
2. Cashmere is the goat variety which gives luxurious wool in India.

Question 4.
What jure the qualities of wool from camel?
Answer:

1. Camel produce coarse hair when compared to other animals like sheep and goats.
2. Though it is coarse, it has similar properties to wool. It is useful to make coats and blazers.

Question 5.
Where do people rear camels in India and why?
Answer:

1. Camels are reared in Rajasthan, Haryana and Gujarat states.
2. Camels are reared for milk, meat and wool.

Question 6.
Where do you find Yaks in India ? Why do people rear yaks?
Answer:

1. Yaks are found in Ladhak in India and Tibet.
2. Yaks are reared for milk, wool and meat.

Question 7.
How do we get colourful coats?
Answer:

1. Angora is a breed of rabbits with soft and white hair.
2. This fur is used to make colourful coats.

Question 8.
Name the animals which are reared in South America for yielding wool.
Answer:

1. Alpaca and Lama are reared in South America for yielding wool.
2. The wool derived from them is as fine as Mohair and is considered to be the best quality wool.

Question 9.
What is shearing?
Answer:
Removing fleece of animal along with the outer thin layer of skin is called shearing.

Question 10.
What is scouring?
Answer:
The removal of grease, dust and dirt from wool by washing the wool using detergents is called scouring.

Question 11.
How do we get colourful woolen clothes.?
Answer:

1. We get colourful woolen clothes by the process of Dyeing.
2. Fleece can be bleached to remove colours and then dyed in various colours.

Question 12.
What is carding? What is its use?
Answer:

1. The process of wrapping the fleece between the two surfaces to make the fibre into a fluffy roll is called carding.
2. It removes twigs and stings from fleece and make the wool into a fluffy mass.

Question 13.
What is spinning of wool?
Answer:
The process of winding together the fibres to form a yarn is called Spinning.

Question 14.
What is knitting?
Answer:

1. The process of making woolen garment is known as knitting.
2. Machines are. also used in making woolen garment.

Question 15.
What do you know about Parla village?
Answer:

1. Parla, a village located just 20 kms away from the Kurnool.
2. It is famous for fine quality woolen carpets.
3. Rearing sheep and making carpets is being practiced by the villagers for centuries as cottage industry.

Question 16.
What is cocoon?
Answer:

1. Soon after, silk worm completely covers its body with silk fibre. This looks like a capsule.
2. This capsule like structure formed now is called a cocoon.

Question 17.
What is sericulture? What is the position of Andhra Pradesh in the production of silk?
Answer:

1. Rearing of silk worms for obtaining silk is known as sericulture.
2. A.P. stood in second place in the production of silk in our country.

Question 18.
How can you say that sericulture is an Agro-based industry?
Answer:

1. Silk worms prefer to eat mulberry leaves.
2. So, mulberry crop is cultivated by farmers who run Agro-based Industry.

Question 19.
What are Chandrikalu?
Answer:
The specialized cane structures where larvae of silk worms are kept along with mulberry leaves are called Chandrikalu.

Question 20.
What is stifling? What is its use?
Answer:

1. The process of killing larvae inside the cocoon by putting them in steam is called stifling.
2. Stifling of cocoons provides better quality silk fabric. They can also be stored for a longer period and can be sold in market.

Question 21.
What is reeling of silk?
Answer:
The process of extracting threads from cocoons is called Reeling.

Question 22.
Mention the different varieties of silk.
Answer:
1) Mulberry silk 2) Eri silk 3) Muga silk 4) Tasar silk are the different varieties of silk obtained by different types of moths.

Question 23.
Silk obtained from wild varieties requires spinning. What is the reason for that?
Answer:

1. Silk threads obtained from wild varieties of silk moths are coarse and less lustrous.
2. Spinning is required as the threads obtained from the opened cocoons of wild silk moths is not continuous.

Question 24.
What is the silk city of Andhra Pradesh?
Answer:
Dharmavaram of Anantapur district is known as silk city of Andhra Pradesh.

Question 25.
Why should we wear clothes made of natural fibres?
Answer:
Wearing clothes made of natural fibres not only reflects our traditions and culture but also eco – friendly and helping hand to the weavers too.

Question 26.
Why silk is widely used as surgkal sutures?
Answer:

1. Surgical sutures are used to hold tissues together after a surgery and even for deep cuts.
2. Silk is widely used as sutures as it is easy to stitch and remove it due to its texture.

Question 27.
What are synthetic fibres? Give examples.
Answer:

1. Synthetic fibres are the fibres that are made of chemicals obtained from wood pulp or petroleum.
2. Examples are Acrylic, Rayon, Nylon, Polyster.

Question 28.
What do you know about Rayon?
Answer:

1. Rayon is also known as ‘artificial silk’ as the texture of fabric prepared by Rayon is just like silk.
2. Rayon is made from pulp.

Question 29.
The production of Nylon and Polyester leads to environmental pollution. Why?
Answer:

1. Even after their disposal, they won’t mix in soil. They cause soil pollution as they made of chemicals.
2. Recycling is the only solution to reduce the adverse effects caused by synthetic fibres.

Question 30.
Woolen clothes should be washed only after 4 to 5 wearings only. Why?
Answer:

1. It is because frequent washes may loosen the firmness of knitting resulting in loss of shape of fabric.
2. Even after washing, woolen clothes should not be squeezed.

Question 31.
Where do we find sheep or goat that give us wool?
Answer:
In Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan and Gujarat. They are often reared on large farms.

Question 32.
What is roiling?
Answer:

1. The process of removal of shrinkage from silk clothes is called rolling.
2. It is the only method to remove shrinkage from silk clothes.

Question 33.
Why do people prefer to wear artificial fibres?
Answer:

1. Maintenance of clothes made of artificial fibres is comparatively easier.
2. They are cheaper and durable.
3. Hence, people prefer to wear artificial fibres.

Question 34.
What does the term ‘Thermoplastic’ mean?
Answer:

1. Thermoplastic means becomes soft on absorbing heat.
2. Artificial fibres are thermoplastic in nature.

Question 35.
Why are artificial fibres are not friendly to skin?
Answer:

1. Artificial fibres are generally made of chemicals.
2. Generally they are toxins. So, they mostly cause skin allergies.

Question 36.
Which type of fabrics are suitable for wearing masks to protect ourselves from COVID-19?
Answer:

1. WHO recommended three layered cotton mask to protect ourselves from COVID-19.
2. Masks made of natural fabric avoid skin allergies and itching caused by long time usage.

Question 37.
“Natural fabrics are symbols of aesthetic sense” – said Sravya. Do you agree this statement? Why?
Answer:

1. Yes, I agree with the Sravya’s statement.
2. Because the beauty, lustre and fine texture make them a symbol of aesthetic sense and pious feeling.

Question 38.
When do we wear cotton and woolen clothes in our daily life?
Answer:

1. We wear cotton clothes during summer to avoid heat. We feel cool after wearing the cotton clothes.
2. We buy and wear woolen clothes specially for winter.

Question 39.
What should be used in diapers and sanitary napkins in place of synthetic materials?
Answer:

1. If we use synthetic materials they may cause allergies on long term usage as they are made of harmful chemicals. They are harmful to environment also.
2. So, we should use skin friendly, eco-friendly liquid absorbent materials like cotton, banana or bamboo fibres, and water proof cotton like canvas to be used in diapers and sanitary napkins.

Question 40.
Fill up the blank and give your reasons for the statement.
………….. fabric protect us from cold.
Answer:
Woolen fabric protect us from cold. Because wool is a poor conductor of heat. Air trapped in between the woolen fibres and our body prevents the flow of heat from our body to surroundings.

Question 41.
What are the differences between fleece of Angora goat and Camel?
Answer:

7th Class Science 11th Lesson Fibres and Fabrics Short Questions and Answers

Question 1.
How are we protected from heat and cold by wool?
Answer:

1. Wool is a poor conductor of heat. Air trapped in between the woolen fibres and our body prevents the flow of heat from our body to our surroundings.
2. So we feel hot and are protected from cold.
3. Woolen cloth also helps to do use fire.
4. That is why it is good to wrap a person, who is caught in fire, with a blanket.

Question 2.
Write a brief note on Ahimsa Silk?
Answer:

1. Ahimsa silk is the silk obtained in non-violent way of silkworm breeding.
2. In this method of preparation of silk fibre, the pupa of silk moth is allowed to hatch and the leftover cocoon is then used to derive silk.
3. This method was introduced and followed by Kusuma Rajaiaha, handloom technologist and former employee in A.R Handloom Department.

Question 3.
What are the silk cities of India? Why are they called so?
Answer:

1. Dharmavaram of Anantapuram district in A.R
2. Ramanagara – Karnataka
3. Surat – Gujarat
4. Chanderi – Madhya Pradesh
5. Kanchipuram – Tamil Nadu
6. Pochampalli – Telangana
7. aranasi – Uttar Pradesh

are known as ‘silk cities of India’, because of the high quality silk weaving industries established over there.

Question 4.
Write a brief note on Tasar Silk.
Answer:

1. Tasar silk is a variety of popular wild silk.
2. It is obtained from ‘Antheraea mylitta’.
3. This moth is generally grows on Arjuna and Sal trees of deep forests, in agency areas of East Godavari district.
4. Tribals collect cocoons and sell them in the market.

Question 5.
Write a short note on ‘Acrylic’?
Answer:

1. We wear sweaters and use shawls or blankets in winter.
2. Many of them are not usually made of natural wool.
3. These are prepared from a synthetic fibre called Acrylic.
4. Acrylic resembles wool in all aspects through available in cheaper price.

Question 6.
How should we protect silk and woolen fabrics from attacks of insects?
Answer:

1. Insects can readily feed on the protein substance present in fibres.
2. So, we should protect silk and wool fabrics by placing phenolphthalein ball which have strong fragrance.
3. Boric acid, fragrant oils like sandal oil and lavender oil can successfully repel the insects.
4. By keeping these substances between the clothes we can protect silk and woolen clothes from insects.

Question 7.
Write a brief note on Nylon.
Answer:

1. Nylon is the first fully synthetic fibre manufactured in 1931.
2. It was prepared from coal and water.
3. Nylon fibre is strong, elastic and light.
4. Socks, ropes, tooth brush bristles, tents are made from Nylon.
5. It is also used for making strong ropes for parachutes and those used for rock climbing.

Question 8.
Write a short note on polyester.
Answer:

1. Polyester does not get wrinkled easily.
2. Shirts and other common dresses commonly worn by people are made from polyester.
3. Terylene is a type of polyester used for sarees and dress materials.

Question 9.
What are the qualities of artificial fabrics?
(OR)
Why do most of the people prefer to wear artificial fabrics?
Answer:

1. Artificial fibres are light, soft and smooth.
2. They are more durable when compared to natural fabrics.
3. Maintenance of these fabrics is relatively easier.
4. These are available in cheaper price as their production is quite abundant and economical.

Question 10.
How do you remove shrinkage of silk sarees?
Answer:

1. To remove shrinkage silk sarees are being wrapped around a uniform wooden lag.
2. It is kept dried for six to eight hours.
3. Then they are allowed to steam iron.
4. This process of removal of shrinkage from silk clothes is called ‘Rolling’.

Question 11.
Explain the process of sorting wool.
Answer:

1. People sorting coarse and soft ones as well as broken and long ones and making separate piles of them.
2. Unwanted materials like twigs or bits of leaves etc., that may be present with the wool are also separated out.
3. This process is called sorting or wool classing. Fleece is the soft mass of wool.

7th Class Science 11th Lesson Fibres and Fabrics Long Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Mention the details of district wise sericulture units established in A.P..
(OR)
Give the details of sericulture units established in the districts of Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:

Question 2.
How do you feel after wearing the fabrics made with natural fibres?
Answer:

1. We wear silk fabrics during special occasions like marriages, dinners etc. their beauty, lustre and fine texture make thefti a symbol of aesthetic sense and pious feeling.
2. We feel cool when we wear cotton clothes during summer.
3. We buy woolen clothes specially for winter.
4. Wearing clothes of natural fibres not only reflects our traditions and cultures but also eco-friendly and helping hand to the weavers too.

Question 3.
Radha wants to buy a silk saree. She wanted to know the purity of silk thread. She wanted to test silk fibre by burning. What procedure she would under take and which of the features would she observe while burning the silk thread of the saree?
Answer:

1. Get some threads of silk from a textile shop or a tailor shop.
2. Burn them on a candle flame.
3. Observe the flame and fumes coming from the fibres.

Observations:

1. Silk fibres burn slowly but not continuously when compared to plant fibres.
2. Silk fibres release fumes emitting the smell of burning hair or meat.
3. The ashes formed are black in colour and appear as beads and can be made as powder.

Inference: If all the above features are observed while burning the silk fibres, we can confirm that the tested fibres are pure silk fibres.

Question 4.
Write the differences between artificial fibres and natural fibres.
Answer:

Quesition 5.
Write a short note on synthetic fibres.
Answer:
Synthetic fabrics are made of chemical obtained from wood pulp and petroleum. The uses of some of the synthetic fibres are as follows :
1) Acrylic:
i) This resembles wool in all aspects. It is available in cheaper price.
ii) It is used to make sweaters and shawls or blankets in winter season.

2) Rayon:
i) It is known as artificial silk. It is made from wood pulp.
ii) Fabrics made with rayon resembles silk in their texture.

3) Nylon :
i) The first synthetic fibre made in 1931, known for its strength, elastic nature and light in weight.
ii) It is used to make socks, ropes, tooth brush bristles and tents.
iii) Strong ropes are made from Nylon, which are used in making of parachutes and rock climbing. It is prepared from coal and water.

4) Polyester:
i) It is widely used in manufacturing pants, shirts, dresses etc.
ii) It does not shrink after washing easily.
iii) Terelene is also a type of polyester used to make sarees and dress materials.

Question 6.
Write 5 differences between wool and silk manufacturing.
Answer:

Question 7.
Do you find any similarities between silk and wool weaving ? What are they ?
Answer:

1. Both silk and wool weaving is done on power looms as well as on handlooms.
2. Woolen threads are ,stretched from the top of the loom to the bottom. These are called warp threads.
3. The threads that go side to side are weft threads.
4. A shuttle like a big needle takes the weft threads over and under warp threads.
5. One more important part of the loom is the harness.
6. The harness lifts every other warp thread so that the weft threads go over one and under the next.
7. All types of yarn whether cotton or silk or wool etc. are woven in this manner.

Question 8.
If you are going to visit Dal lake at Kashmir which type of clothes would you like to keep in your luggage? Why?
Answer:

1. In Kashmir, it would be very cold.
2. Unless one wears clothes to protect himself from this chill weather, It becomes difficult to carry on with the day to day activities.
3. Woolen clothes protect from chill weather.
4. The gap between the threads of the woolen cloth is filled with air.
5. Air and wool are bad conductors of heat. –
6. Woolen clothes are best to wear in Kashmir.
7. So I keep woolen clothes in my luggage when l am going to visit Kashmir.

AP Board 7th Class Science 11th Lesson 1 Mark Bits Questions and Answers Fibres and Fabrics

I. Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer and write its letters in the brackets.

1. Wool and silk fabrics are derived from
A) plants
B) animals
C) chemical
D) plants and animals
Answer:
B) animals

2. Which of the following is the common vafriety reared for meat and wool in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana and Karnataka?
A) Marino
B) Deccani
C) Angora
D) Cashmere
Answer:
B) Deccani

3. Which is the main source of wool production in Andhra Pradesh?
A) Sheep
B) Goat
C) Camel
D) Rabbit
Answer:
A) Sheep

4. Which gives luxurious wool in India?
A) Marino
B) Deccani
C) Angora
D) Cashmere
Answer:
D) Cashmere

5. Which is used to make wool?
A) Long hair
B) Outer long hair
C) Fleece
D) All of the above
Answer:
C) Fleece

6. How many stages are there in the process involved in manufacturing of woolen threads?
A) 4 stages
B) 5 stages
C) 6 stages
D) 8 stages
Answer:
C) 6 stages

7. Removing fleece of animal along with the outer thin layer of skin is called
A) Shearing
B) Scouring
C) Carding
D) Combing
Answer:
A) Shearing

8. The process of wrapping the fleece between the two surfaces to make the fibre into a fluffy roll is called ……………….
A) Shearing
B) Scouring
C) Carding
D) Combing
Answer:
C) Carding

9. Process of winding together the fibres to form a yarn is called ………………
A) Dyeing
B) Sorting
C) Carding
D) Spinning
Answer:
D) Spinning

10. Which stages is important of silkmoth for obtaining silk?
A) Egg
B) Larva
C) Pupa
D) Imago
Answer:
B) Larva

11. These are called silk worms.
A) Silk moths
B) Caterpillars
C) Imagoes
D) Pupas
Answer:
B) Caterpillars

12. Larva undergo changes and turns into an adult moth after
A) 10 days
B) 30 – 35 days
C) 10 – 12 days
D) 15 – 20 days
Answer:
C) 10 – 12 days

13. The place of Andhra Pradesh in the production of silk in the country is
A) First
B) Second
C) Third
D) Tifth
Answer:
B) Second

14. How much yarn can be yield by one cocoon?
A) 100 – 500 meters
B) 500 – 1000 meters
C) 500 – 1500 meters
D) 500 – 2000 meters
Answer:
C) 500 – 1500 meters

15. Which of the following is not a silk city in India?
A) Ramanagara
B) Surat
C) Pochampalli
D) Dharmagiri
Answer:
D) Dharmagiri

→ Look at the following flow chart and answer the questions 16 to 18.

16. Which of the following correctly represents A,B and C respectively?
A) A – Cotton fibre, B – Silk worm, C – Woolly dog
B) A – Jute fibre, B – Cocoon, C – Silk moth
C) A – Silk fibre, B – Tasar, C – Sheep
D) A – Synthetic fibre, B – Khadi, C – Sheep
Answer:
C) A – Silk fibre, B – Tasar, C – Sheep

17. Which of the following is not an application of ‘A’?
A) Clothing
B) Interior decoration
C) Painting
D) Construction
Answer:
D) Construction

18. Which of the following is related to ‘C’?
A) Angora
B) Marino
C) Mohair
D) Cashmere
Answer:
B) Marino

19. Assertion (A) : Scouring is the process of washing sheared fleece in hot water, detergent and alkali in tank
Reason (R) : Scouring removes dirt, grass and grease
A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C) A is true but R is false.
D) A is false but R is true.
Answer:
A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

20. Look at the figures given below. These figures show different steps in the production of wool A number from (I) to (vi) is written in each block. Find the correct order of figures.

A) (vi), (ii), (iv), (v), (iii), (i)
B) (vi), (v), (ii), (iv), (iii), (i)
C) (v), (vi), (iii), (ii), (iv), (i)
D) (vi), (iii), (ii), (iv), (i), (v)
Answer:
B) (vi), (v), (ii), (iv), (iii), (i)

21. A female moth lays around …………… of eggs.
A) tens
B) hundreds
C) thousands
D) lakhs
Answer:
B) hundreds

22. The cocoons have to be stiffled to kill …………… inside.
A) Eggs
B) Larva
C) Pupa
D) The worm
Answer:
B) Larva

23. Food for silk worms.
A) Mulberry leaves
B) Mango leaves
C) Coconut leaves
D) Jasmine leaves
Answer:
A) Mulberry leaves

24. The hair of animals collectively called
A) Fur
B) Skin
C) Fibre
D) None
Answer:
A) Fur

25. Fleece of sheep is removed from its body during …………… season.
A) Winter
B) Summer
C) Rainy
D) Spring
Answer:
D) Spring

26. After washing, …………… is passed over the wool to make it softer.
A) Steam
B) Grease
C) Cool air
D) Hot air
Answer:
C) Cool air

27. Silk is mainly
A) Carbohydrate
B) Worms
C) Protein
D) Cocoon
Answer:
C) Protein

28. The capsule like structure formed is known as ……………
A) Embryo
B) Larvae
C) Seeds
D) Cocoon
Answer:
D) Cocoon

29. Moths are also called ……………
A) Bombyx mori
B) Insects
C) Butterfly
D) Honey bee
Answer:
A) Bombyx mori

30. ………….. district is a silk city of Andhra Pradesh.
A) Guntur
B) Anantapuram
C) Kurnool
D) Krishna
Answer:
B) Anantapuram

31. Caterpillars feed bv leaves.
A) Grass
B) Leaves
C) Cocoon
D) Mulberry leaves
Answer:
D) Mulberry leaves

32. Chandrikalu means …………… .
A) Cane frames
B) Glass tubs
C) Cocoons
D) Mulberry huts
Answer:
A) Cane frames

33. Pupa stops eating after
A) 25 – 30 days
B) 30 – 35 days
C) 40 days
D) 10-12 days
Answer:
B) 30 – 35 days

34. Caterpillar secretes …………… substance.
A) Fibre
B) Cellulose
C) Starch
D) All the above
Answer:
A) Fibre

35. “Pattu kayalu” means
A) Silk worm
B) Cocoon
C) Seeds
D) Chandrikalu
Answer:
B) Cocoon

36. Adult moths come out from ……………
A) Eggs
B) Mulberry leaves
C) Seeds
D) Cocoon
Answer:
D) Cocoon

37. Which of the following is not required for getting silk yarn?
A) Weaving
B) Spinning
C) Reeling
D) Knitting
Answer:
C) Reeling

38. Special machines like reelers and twisters are used in ……………
A) Reeling
B) Spinning
C) Knitting
D) Weaving
Answer:
A) Reeling

39. Good quality of wool is given by ……………
A) Angora goat
B) Merino sheep
C) Lama
D) Camels
Answer:
B) Merino sheep

40. Rough and coarse hair is produced by
A) Goat
B) Sheep
C) Camel
D) Rabbit
Answer:
C) Camel

41. Scouring means removing of
A) Dust
B) Grease
C) Dirt
D) All of these
Answer:
D) All of these

42. The correct order is
1) Egg 2) Pupa 3) Adult 4) larva
A) 1, 2, 4, 3
B) 1, 4, 2, 3
C) 1, 3, 2, 4
D) 1, 4, 3, 2
Answer:
B) 1, 4, 2, 3

43. ‘Grinages’ are
A) Seed centers
B) Larva centers
C) Adult centers
D) Silk centers
Answer:
A) Seed centers

44. ‘Bombyx mori’ is a
A) Honey bee
B) Warsp
C) Housefly
D) Silk moth
Answer:
D) Silk moth

45. Killing of the silk moth larva’s is called
A) Reeling
B) Yarn
C) Stiffling
D) Silk
Answer:
C) Stiffling

46. The stiffling process takes place at
A) Reeling centers
B) Grinages
C) Chandrikalu
D) Horsely Hills
Answer:
A) Reeling centers

47. The process in the picture is
A) Stiffling
B) Reeling
C) Warping
D) Feeding
Answer:
A) Stiffling

48. The equipment show in the figure is
A) Cacoon
B) Chandrikalu
C) Reeling
D) Woven
Answer:
B) Chandrikalu

49. Fill the blank in the life cycle of silk moth

A) Pupa
B) Laren
C) Silk moth
D) Housefly
Answer:
A) Pupa

50. The country that used the silk for first time
A) India
B) China
C) Japan
D) America
Answer:
B) China

51. 1) Dyeing 2) Sorting 3) Scouring 4) Shearing
The correct order is
A) 4, 3, 2, 1
B) 2, 3, 4, 1
C) 4, 3, 1, 2
D) 3, 4, 2, 1
Answer:
B) 2, 3, 4, 1

52. Removing the colour of wool is
A) Bleaching
B) Sorting
C) Spinning
D) Scouring
Answer:
A) Bleaching

53. Making threads of yarn is
A) Spinning
B) Carding
C) Dyeing
D) Sorting
Answer:
A) Spinning

54. Which city is called silk city in our State?
A) Venkatagiri
B) Dharmavaram
C) Madanapalli
D) Hartuman Junction
Answer:
B) Dharmavaram

55. The first stage in making of woollen clothes.
A) Scouring
B) Sorting
C) Shearing
D) Bleaching
Answer:
C) Shearing

56. Fill the blank in the flow chart with the given answer.

A) Stiffling
B) Moths
C) Reeling
D) Chilakalu
Answer:
A) Stiffling

57. Material present in silk thread
A) Protein
B) Fat
C) Carbohydrate
D) Cellulose
Answer:
A) Protein

58. If you went to silk showroom to know the quality of silk, what type of exact question do you ask?
A) How do you decide the cost?
B) Do they have good durability?
C) How silk is prepared with?
D) How many types of silks are there?
Answer:
B) Do they have good durability?

59. In summer season what type of clothes do you wear?
A) Cotton, light colour
B) Woolen, Silk
C) Cotton, dark colour
D) Silk, Woolen
Answer:
A) Cotton, light colour

60. Animal fibre : protein :: plant fibre : ………….
A) Fat
B) Protein
C) Carbohydrate
D) Mineral
Answer:
C) Carbohydrate

61. Which of the following shows the correct sequence of processes in making woolen fabric?
A) Shearing – scouring – sorting – dyeing – combing – spinning
B) Scouring – spinning – combing – shearing – sorting – dyeing
C) Sorting – scouring – shearing – combing – spinning – dyeing
D) Shearing – dying – combing – spinning – scouring – sorting
Answer:
A) Shearing – scouring – sorting – dyeing – combing – spinning

62. Name the stages of silkworm weavers buy from sericulture industury.
A) Larva
B) Pupa
C) Eggs
D) Moth
Answer:
B) Pupa

63. Identify the process that helps to store the cocoons for a long time.
A) Boiling
B) Stiffling
C) Reeling
D) Weaving
Answer:
A) Boiling

64. The sericulture units present in Guntur district are at
A) Pedakakani
B) Bollapalli
C) Tadikonda
D) All the above
Answer:
D) All the above

65. Antheraea mylitta is a
A) Wild silk moth
B) Goat
C) Sheep
D) Camel
Answer:
A) Wild silk moth

66. Which of the following is the quality of animal fibres?
A) More water absorbants
B) Protein based
C) Burns slowly but not continuously
D) All the above
Answer:
D) All the above

67. Acrylic is used to make
A) Sweaters
B) Shawls
C) Blankets
D) AIL the above
Answer:
D) AIL the above

68. Which of the following is not made from chemicals?
A) Polyester
B) Terelene
C) Rayon
D) None
Answer:
C) Rayon

69. Fabrics made from this fibres does not get wrinkles easily …….
A) Acrylic
B) Rayon
C) Polyester
D) Nylon
Answer:
C) Polyester

70. Ropes for parachute are made from
A) Acrylic
B) Rayon
C) Nylon
D) Polyester
Answer:
C) Nylon

71. Which fabric is used to make sarees?
A) Nylon
B) Polyester
C) Terelene
D) Acrylic
Answer:
C) Terelene

II. Fill in the blanks

1. ……………….. goat is famous for wool.
2. ……………….. is the goat variety which give luxurious wool in India.
3. ……………….. animal shed their hair every year which has similar properties to wool.
4. Camels are reared in ……………….. states.
5. Camels are reared for ……………….. .
6. Yaks are found in ……………….. of India.
7. ……………….. breed of rabbit’s fur is used to make colourful coats.
8. The first step in the processing of fibres into wool is ……………….. .
9. Shearing is generally done during ……………….. season.
10. ……………….. is used for scouring of wool.
11. We get colourful woolen clothes by the process of ……………….. .
12. The process of wrapping the fleece between the two surfaces to make the fibres into a fluffy roll is called ……………….. .
13. ……………….. village is famous for quality woolen carpets in Kurnool district.
14. Cocoons are also known as ……………….. .
15. In four stages of silk moth ……………….. stage is important for obtaining silk.
16. Silk worms prefer to eat ……………….. .
17. The larvae are kept in specialized cane structures called ……………….. .
18. The process of killing larvae inside cocoon by putting them in steam is known as ……………….. .
19. The process of extracting threads from cocoon is called ……………….. .
20. The scientific name of silkworm is ……………….. .
21. W.H.O refers to ……………….. .
22. Animal fibres are dissolved in ……………….. .
23. ……………….. chemical is present in toilet cleaners, disinfectants and cloth whiteness.
24. ……………….. are kept in the clothes to protect them from insects.
25. ……………….. protein is present ip wool fibres.
26. ……………….. protein is present in silk fibres.
27. Rearing of silk worms for getting silk is known as ……………….. .
28. Masks made of ……………….. avoid skin allergies and itching caused by longtime usage.
29. WHO recommends a ……………….. layered cotton fabric mask to protect ourselves from ……………….. .
30. We buy woolen clothes specially for ……………….. .
Answer:
1. Angora
2. Kashmere
3. Camel
4. Rajasthan, Haryana and Gujarath
5. milk, meat and wool
6. Ladhak
7. Angora
8. shearing
9. Spring
10. detergent
11. dyeing
12. Carding
13. Parla
14. Pattukaayalu
15. Larva
16. Mulberry leaves
17. Chandrikalu
18. stiffling
19. Reeling
20. Bombyx mori
21. World Health Organization
22. Chlorine bleach
23. Sodium hypochlorite
24. ball of phenopthalene
25. Keratin
26. Fibroin
27. Sericulture
28. natural fabric
29. three, COVID -19
30. winter

III. Match the following.

1. Group-A Group – B 1. Tasar silk 2. Stiffling 3. Reeling 4. Marino 5. Angora a) Wool yielding sheep b) Wool yielding goat c) Wool yeilding camel d) Extracting silk threads e) Killing the larvae by steaming f) Arjuna and Sal trees
Answer:

2. Group – A Group – B 1. Acrylic [ 1 a) Sarees and terelene , 2. Rayon [ ] b) Doesn’t get wrinkless 3. Nylon [ ] c) Ropes for parachute 4. Polyester [ ] d) Artificial silk 5. Terelene [ ] e) Sweaters and shawls f) Rain coats
Answer:

3. Group – A Group – B 1. Rolling [ ] a) Sodium hypochlorite 2. Phenopthalene [ ] b) Wood pulp 3. Synthetic fibre [ ] c) Silk 4. Natural fibres [ 1 d) Acrylic 5. Rayon [ 1 e) Protection of clothes f) Silk sarees
Answer:

4. Group – A Group – B 1. Cashmere [ ] a) South America 2. Marino [ ] b) Jammu and Kashmir 3. Yak [ ] c) Rajasthan 4. Camel [ ] d) Ladhak 5. Lama [ ] e) Australia f) South Africa
Answer:

5. Group – A Group – B 1. Silk city in A.P. [ 1 a) Ramanagara 2. Silk city in T.S. [ ] b) Chanderi 3. Silk city in Karnataka [ ] c) Pochampalli 4. Silk city in Tamil Nadu [ ] d) Surat , 5. Silk city in Madhya Pradesh *. [. ] e) Dharmavaram f) Kanchipuram
Answer:

Do you know?

→ Alpaca and Lama are long haired animals reared for wool in South America for yielding wool and they resemble camel. The wool derived from them is as fine as Mohair, that is considered to be the best quality wool.

→ Wool fibres grow from small sacs or follicles in the skin of the sheep just like our hair. The fibre is a dead material, just like horn, nail and feathers.

→ Parla, a village located just 20 kms away from the Kurnool is famous for fine quality woolen carpets (Kambaliu). Rearing sheep and making carpets is the major occupation of the villagers. It is being practiced by the villagers for centuries as cottage industry.

→ Lotus silk is obtained from lotus stem fibres. It is also known as the natural micro fibers. Anti microbial fabric from lotus is amazingly resistant, soft, light weight and wrikle free. Banana fiber is obtained from banana fiber which is considered as world’s strongest fiber.

→ Ahimsa silk is the silk obtained in non-violent way of silkworm breeding. In this method of preparation of silk fibre; the pupa of silk moth is allowed to hatch and the leftover cocoon is then used to derive silk. This method was introduced and followed by Kusuma Rajaiah, Handloom Technologist and a former employee in Andhra Pradesh Handloom Department. But getting silk through this process is expensive.

→ Tasar silk is a variety of popular wild silk obtained from silk moth scientifically named Antheraea mylitta. The silk moth generally grows on Arjuna and Sal trees of deep forests in agency area of East Godavari District. Tribals collect cocoons and sell them in the market. ITDA strives to create market for cocoons and to train tribals in reeling the cocoons to earn more money.

→ Surgical sutures are used to hold tissues together after a surgery and even for deep cuts. Silk is widely used for sutures as it is easy to stitch and remove it due to its texture.

→ Diapers and Sanitary napkins are completely made of synthetic materials. They harm the skin on long term usage and they are harmful to the environment. To overcome this we have to think about environmental friendly and skin friendly, liquid absorbant materials like Cotton, banana or bamboo fibres and water proof cotton like canvas cotton to be used in diapers and sanitary napkins.

These AP 7th Class Hindi Important Questions 7th Lesson कोयल will help students prepare well for the exams.

AP Board 7th Class Hindi 7th Lesson Important Questions and Answers कोयल

व्याकरण कार्य

सूचना के अनुसार उत्तर लिखिए।

1. रेखांकित शब्दों के पर्यायवाची शब्द लिखिए।

1. प्यासी धरती पानी माँगती है।
उत्तर:
पृथ्वी, ज़मीन, भूमि

2. कोयल डाली पर बैठी है।
उत्तर:
शाखा

3. कोयल सच बतलाओ।
उत्तर:
सत्य

4. कोयल की बोली मीठी है।
उत्तर:
मधुर

5. मेघों से पानी बरसता है।
उत्तर:
बादल

2. रेखांकित शब्दों के विलोम शब्द लिखिए।

1. प्रकृति की सुंदरता देखने लायक है।
उत्तर:
असुंदरता

2. अभी – अभी सूर्योदय हुआ।
उत्तर:
सूर्यास्त

3. कोयल काली है।
उत्तर:
सफेद

4. मैं सच बतलाता हूँ।
उत्तर:
झूठ

5. आज रविवार है।
उत्तर:
कल

3. अशुद्ध वर्तनीवाले कोष्ठक में ‘x’ लगाइए।

1. अ) परकृति ( ) आ) वसंत ( ) इ) ऋतु ( ) ई) कोयल ( )
उत्तर:
अ) ×

2. अं) कूक ( ) आ) सूरय ( ) इ) पाठ ( ) ई) देखना ( )
उत्तर:
आ) ×

3. अ) संदेशा ( ) आ) मिसरी ( ) इ) घोली ( ) ई) मीठा ( )
उत्तर:
आ) ×

4. अ) भाद ( ) आ) काली ( ) इ) धरती ( ) ई) मेघ ( )
उत्तर:
अ) ×

5. अ) डाली ( ) आ) सच ( ) इ) देको ( ) ई) मीठी ( )
उत्तर:
इ) ×

4. रेखांकित शब्दों के अर्थ अपनी मात्रुभाषा में लिखिए।

1. वसंत ऋतु में कोयल कूकती है।
उत्तर:
ఋతువు

2. कोयल डाली पर बैठकर कूकती है।
उत्तर:
కొమ్మ

3. प्यासी धरती पानी माँगती है।
उत्तर:
దాహముతోనున్న

4. कोयल संदेश लाई।
उत्तर:
సందేశము

5. कोयल आमों में मिश्री घोली।
उत्तर:
కలిపెను

5. नीचे दिये गये शब्दों को वाक्यों में प्रयोग कीजिए।

1. संदेश : अध्यापक छात्रों को संदेश देता है।
2. कोयल : कोयल काली होती है।
3. कूक : . कोयल की कूक मीठी है।
4. धरती : धरती पानी चाहती है।
5. मेघ : मेघ हमें पानी देते हैं।

6. अंकों को अक्षरों में लिखिए।

1) 15 = पंद्रह
2) 45 = पैंतालीस
3) 25 = पच्चीस
4) 55 = पचपन
5) 35 – पैंतीस
6) 65 = पैंसठ

7. सही कारक चिह्नों से खाली जगहें भरिए।

1. बहुत दिनों …… बाद आज आई हो।
उत्तर:
के

2. कोयल ने आमों …… मिश्री घोली।
उत्तर:
में

3. धरती मेघों ………. पानी माँगती है।
उत्तर:
से

4. कोयल डाली ………. आई।
उत्तर:
पर

5. हम कोयल …… बारे में पढ़ेंगे।
उत्तर:
के

8. सही क्रिया शब्दों से खाली जगहें भरिए।

1. …….. कोयल काली है। (सुनो/देखो)
उत्तर:
देखो

2. कोयल सच ………। (बतलाना/दिखलाना)
उत्तर:
बतलाना

3. धरती पानी …….। (डालती/माँगती)
उत्तर:
माँगती

4. कोयल किसे …….। (बुलाती/कूकती)
उत्तर:
बुलाती

5. कोयल संदेशा ………. (लाई/लेगई)
उत्तर:
लाई

9. रेखांकित शब्दों की वर्तनी शुद्ध कीजिए।

1. कोयल खुखती है।
उत्तर:
कूकती

2. धरती मेगों से पानी माँगती।
उत्तर:
मेघों

3. कोयल आमों में मिश्री गोली।
उत्तर:
घोली

4. दरती प्यासी है।
उत्तर:
धरती

5. इसकी बोली मीठी है।
उत्तर:
मीठी

10. रेखांकित शब्दों के लिंग बदलकर वाक्य फिर से लिखिए।

1. माताजी रसोईघर में काम करती है।
उत्तर:
पिताजी रसोईघर में काम करता है।

2. दादाजी बाज़ार से आता है।
उत्तर:
दादी जी बाज़ार से आती है।

3. कवि कविता सुनाता है।
उत्तर:
कवयित्री कविता सुनाती है।

4. आज मेरे भाई आएगा।
उत्तर:
आज मेरी बहिन आएगी।

5. पंडित वेद सुनाता है।
उत्तर:
पंडिताइन वेद सुनाती है।

11. विशेषण शब्दों को पहचानकर लिखिए।

1. कोयल काली है।
उत्तर:
काली

2. कोयल की वाणी मीठी है।
उत्तर:
मीठी

3. सीता सुंदर लडकी है।
उत्तर:
सुंदर

4. गोपाल खूब पढ़ता है।
उत्तर:
खूब

5. वह अच्छा लड़का है।
उत्तर:
अच्छा

12. उचित शब्दों से खाली जगह भरिए।

1. कोयल की बोली …… है। (मीठी/कडुवी)
उत्तर:
मीठी

2. कोयल ने आमों में मिश्री ………… | (गोली/घोली)
उत्तर:
घोली

3. धरती ………. से पानी माँगती। (नदी/मेघों)
उत्तर:
मेघों

4. कोयल …….. है। (सफेद/काली)
उत्तर:
काली

5. बहुत ….. के बाद आज कोयल डाली पर आई। (रातों/दिनों) .
उत्तर:
दिनों

पठित- पद्यांश

निम्न लिखित पद्यांश पढ़कर दिये गये प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक वाक्य में दीजिए।

1. देखो कोयल काली है पर
मीठी है इसकी बोली।
इसने ही तो कूक कूक कर
आमों में मिश्री घोली।
प्रश्न :
1. कोयल कैसी है?
उत्तर:
कोयल काली है।

2. कोयल की बोली कैसी है?
उत्तर:
कोयल की बोली मीठी है।

3. आमों में मिश्री किसने घोली?
उत्तर:
आमों में कोयल ने मिश्री घोली।

4. ‘घोलना’ शब्द का अर्थ क्या है?
उत्तर:
घोलना शब्द का अर्थ है “मिलाना”।

5. उपर्युक्त पद्यांश किस पाठ से दिया गया है?
उत्तर:
उपर्युक्त पद्यांश ‘कोयल’ कविता पाठ से दिया गया है।

II. कोयल कोयल सच बतलाना
क्या संदेशा लाई हो।
बहुत दिनों के बाद आज फिर
इस डाली पर आई हो।
प्रश्न :
1. ‘डाली’ शब्द का अर्थ क्या है?
उत्तर:
डाली शब्द का अर्थ है – शाखा

2. ‘सच’ शब्द का विलोम शब्द क्या है?
उत्तर:
सच शब्द का विलोम शब्द – झूठ

3. कोयल किस रंग की होती है?
उत्तर:
कोयल काले रंग की होती है।

4. कोयल डाली पर कब आई?
उत्तर:
कोयल डाली पर बहुत दिनों के बाद आज ही आई।

5. उपर्युक्त पद्यांश किस पाठ से दिया गया है?
उत्तर:
उपर्युक्त पद्यांश ‘कोयल’ कविता पाठ से दिया गया है।

III. क्या गाती हो? किसे बुलाती ……………
बतला दो कोयल रानी।
प्यासी धरती देख माँगती
हो क्या मेघों से पानी?
प्रश्न :
1. पानी कौन देता है?
उत्तर:
पानी मेघ देता है।

2. कोयल किससे पानी माँगती है?
उत्तर:
कोयल मेघों से पानी माँगती है।

3. ‘मेघ’ शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द क्या है?
उत्तर:
मेघ शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द है ‘बादल’।

4. “रानी’ शब्द का पुल्लिंग शब्द क्या है?
उत्तर:
रानी शब्द का पुल्लिंग शब्द है ‘राजा’।

5. इस पद्य में कोयल का संबोधन किससे किया गया है?
उत्तर:
इस पद्य में कोयल का संबोधन ‘कोयल रानी’ शब्द से किया गया है।

अपठित – पद्यांश

निम्न लिखित पद्यांश पढ़कर दिये गये प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए।

I. सच है विपत्ति जब आती है
कायर को ही दहलाती है,
सूरमा नहीं विचलित होते
क्षण एक नहीं धीरज खोते।
विघ्नों को गले लगाते हैं,
काँटों में राह बनाते हैं।
प्रश्न :
1. विपत्ति इन्हें दहलाती है
A) साहसी
B) कायर
C) स्त्री
D) इन सबको
उत्तर:
B) कायर

2. कौन विचलित नहीं होते?
A) सूरमा
B) कायर
C) दानव
D) जानवर
उत्तर:
A) सूरमा

3. ये विघ्नों को गले लगाते हैं
A) कायर
B) सूरमा
C) दानव
D) राक्षस
उत्तर:
B) सूरमा

4. धीरज वाले कहाँ राह बनाते हैं?
A) पत्थरों में
B) पहाडों में
C) काँटों में
D) सागरों में
उत्तर:
C) काँटों में

5. इस पद्य में क्या रखने के लिए कहा गया है?
A) कायरता
B) धीरज
C) संपत्ति
D) विपत्ति
उत्तर:
B) धीरज

II. निश्चल आत्मा है अक्षय,
निश्चल मृण्मय तन नश्वर,
यह जीवन चक्र चिरंतन
तू हँस – हँस जी, हँस – हँस मर॥
प्रश्न :
1. निश्चल आत्मा कैसा है?
A) अक्षय
B) क्षय
C) व्यय
D) माया
उत्तर:
A) अक्षय

2. किस प्रकार का तन नश्वर है?
A) निश्चल आत्मा
B) निश्चल मृण्मय तन
C) जीवन चक्र
D) चिरंतन
उत्तर:
B) निश्चल मृण्मय तन

3. यह जीवन चक्र कैसा है?
A) नश्वर
B) शास्वत
C) शुभप्रद
D) चिरंतन
उत्तर:
D) चिरंतन

4. मरना शब्द का विलोम पहचानिए।
A) जीत
B) जीना
C) जलना
D) जागना
उत्तर:
B) जीना

5. इस पद्य में आये पुनरुक्ति शब्द पहचानिए।
A) हँस – हँस
B) आत्मा
C) मुण्मय
D) ये सब
उत्तर:
A) हँस – हँस

III. पुष्कर सोता है निज सर में,
भ्रमर सो रहा है पुष्कर में,
गुंजन सोया कभी भ्रमर में,
सो, मेरे गृह – गुंजन, सो !
सो, मेरे अंचल – धन, सो !
प्रश्न :
1. पुष्कर यहाँ सोता है
A) निज सर में
B) सागर में
C) नाल में
D) झील में
उत्तर:
A) निज सर में

2. कभी भ्रमर में कौन सोया है?
A) भ्रमर
B) पुष्कर
C) गुंजन
D) सर
उत्तर:
C) गुंजन

3. भ्रमर कहाँ सो रहा है?
A) पुष्कर में
B) निज सर में
C) गृह में
D) गुंजन में
उत्तर:
A) पुष्कर में

4. सो, मेरे …… सो। रिक्त स्थान की पूर्ति करो।
A) भ्रमर
B) पुष्कर
C) गुंजन
D) अंचल धन
उत्तर:
D) अंचल धन

5. गृह शब्द का अर्थ पहचानिए।
A) घर
B) वन
C) कमल
D) नयन
उत्तर:
A) घर

बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न

निम्न लिखित प्रश्नों के सही उत्तर विकल्पों से चुनकर कोष्ठक में लिखिए।

1. वसंत ऋतु में प्रकृति की सुंदरता देखने लायक होती है। (रेखांकित शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) मौसम
B) वर्षा
C) गर्मी
D) सर्दी
उत्तर:
A) मौसम

2. कोयल ने आमों में मिश्री घोली। (रेखांकित शब्द का अर्थ पहचानिए।)
A) छोडना
B) तोडना
C) मिलाना
D) फेंकना
उत्तर:
C) मिलाना

3. कोयल की बोली मीठी है। (रेखांकित शब्द का विलोम शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) मधुर
B) कडुवी
C) खारा
D) प्यारा
उत्तर:
B) कडुवी

4. अशुद्ध वर्तनी वाला शब्द पहचानिए।
A) ढाली
B) कोयल
C) मीठा
D) मिश्री
उत्तर:
A) ढाली

5. शुद्ध वर्तनी वाला शब्द पहचानिए।
A) खोयल
B) खूब
C) दरथी
D) मेध
उत्तर:
B) खूब

6. सैंतालीस – अंकों में पहचानिए।
A) 40
B) 47
C) 57
D) 67
उत्तर:
B) 47

7. 66 – इसे अक्षरों में पहचानिए।
A) छियासठ
B) अडसठ
C) पैंसठ
D) उनहत्तर
उत्तर:
A) छियासठ

8. कोयल रानी कूकती है। (रेखांकित शब्द का लिंग बदलकर लिखिए।)
A) बेगम
B) राजा
C) साम्राज्ञी
D) स्त्री
उत्तर:
B) राजा

9. कोयल डाली पर बैठी है। (रेखांकित शब्द का बहुवचन रूप पहचानिए।)
A) डाले
B) डालों
C) डालियाँ
D) डाली
उत्तर:
C) डालियाँ

10. बेमेल शब्द पहचानिए।
A) पानी
B) दूध
C) घी
D) पेट्रोल
उत्तर:
D) पेट्रोल

11. सही क्रम वाला वाक्य पहचानिए।
A) कोयल डाली पर आई है।
B) डाली पर आई कोयल है।
C) कोयल है आई पर डाली।
D) डाली कोयल आई पर है।
उत्तर:
A) कोयल डाली पर आई है।

12. शुद्ध वाक्य पहचानिए।
A) गौरी फल खाता है।
B) रमेश नाचती है।
C) सीता पढ़ती है।
D) वे जाते हो
उत्तर:
C) सीता पढ़ती है।

13. वह खेल रहा है। (सर्वनाम शब्द को पहचानिए।)
A) खेल
B) रहा
C) है
D) वह
उत्तर:
D) वह

14. कोयल की आवाज़ मीठी है। (व्याकरण की दृष्टि से रेखांकित शब्द क्या है?)
A) विशेषण
B) संज्ञा
C) क्रिया
D) अव्यय
उत्तर:
A) विशेषण

15. धरती प्यासी है। (भाषा भाग की दृष्टि से रेखांकित शब्द क्या है?)
A) सर्वनाम
B) संज्ञा
C) क्रिया
D) विशेषण
उत्तर:
B) संज्ञा

16. कोयल रानी बतला दो। (इस वाक्य में क्रिया शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) कोयल
B) रानी
C) बतला दो
D) ये सब
उत्तर:
C) बतला दो

17. देखो कोयल ……… है। (उचित शब्द से रिक्त स्थान भरिए।)
A) लाली
B) प्याली
C) पीली
D) काली
उत्तर:
D) काली

18. बेमेल शब्द पहचानिए।
A) रविवार
B) सोमवार
C) अगस्त
D) बुधवार
उत्तर:
C) अगस्त

19. बहुत दिनों …. बाद आज कोयल फिर आयी। (उचित कारक चिह्नों से रिक्त स्थान भरिए।)
A) के
B) को
C) की
D) से
उत्तर:
A) के

20. कोयल मेघों ….. पानी माँगती है। (उचित कारक चिहन से खाली जगह भरिए।)
A) का
B) से
C) को
D) की
उत्तर:
B) से

21. बच्चे गाना गाते हैं। (रेखांकित शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) संगीत
B) गीत
C) भजन
D) पूजा
उत्तर:
B) गीत

22. आप आम खाइए। (सर्वनाम शब्द को पहचानिए।)
A) आम
B) खाइए
C) आप
D) कोई नहीं
उत्तर:
C) आप

23. कोयल गाती है। (क्रिया शब्द पहचानिए)
A) कोयल
B) गाती
C) कौआ
D) ये सब
उत्तर:
B) गाती

24. वे सच बोलते हैं। (रेखांकित शब्द का अर्थ पहचानिए।)
A) यथार्थ
B) झूठ
C) असत्य
D) गलत
उत्तर:
A) यथार्थ

25. सही क्रम वाला वाक्य पहचानिए।
A) आदर जगह सब है मिलता।
B) सब जगह आदर मिलता है।
C) मिलता है जगह आदर सब।
D) सब मिलता है जगह आदर।
उत्तर:
B) सब जगह आदर मिलता है।

26. 39 – इसे हिंदी अक्षरों में लिखिए।
A) छियासी
B) अडसठ
C) उनचालीस
D) बयालीस
उत्तर:
C) उनचालीस

27. बहत्तर – इसे अंकों में पहचानिए।
A) 65
B) 72
C) 80
D) 67
उत्तर:
B) 72

28. अशुद्ध वर्तनीवाला शब्द पहचानिए।
A) खोयल
B) हंस
C) बगुला
D) तीर्थ
उत्तर:
A) खोयल

29. शुद्ध वर्तनी वाला शब्द पहचानिए।
A) मिसरी
B) प्यासी
C) दरथी
D) मेग
उत्तर:
B) प्यासी

30. वह कहाँ बैठा है? (सर्वनाम शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) कहाँ
B) बैठा
C) है
D) ये सब
उत्तर:
A) कहाँ

31. प्यासी धरती के लिए मेघ पानी माँगती है। (रेखांकित शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) पृथ्वी
B) ज़मीन
C) भूमि
D) ये सब
उत्तर:
D) ये सब

32. कोयल काली है। (काल पहचानिए।)
A) भूत
B) वर्तमान
C) भविष्यत
D) कलिं
उत्तर:
B) वर्तमान

33. कोयल मेघों से पानी माँगती है। (रेखांकित शब्द क्या है?)
A) क्रिया
B) विशेषण
C) संज्ञा
D) सर्वनाम
उत्तर:
C) संज्ञा

34. कोयल …….. लाई है। (उचित शब्द से खाली जगह भरिए।)
A) संदेशा
B) आम
C) मिश्री
D) लड्डू
उत्तर:
A) संदेशा

35. प्यासी धरती पानी माँग रही है। (व्याकरण की चिहन से रिक्त स्थान भरिए।)
A) सर्वनाम
B) क्रिया
C) संज्ञा
D) अव्यय
उत्तर:
C) संज्ञा

36. कोयल कूकती है। (रेखांकित शब्द का अर्थ पहचानिए।)
A) कुहू कुहू आवाज करना
B) सुनाना
C) पढाना
D) आनंदित होना
उत्तर:
A) कुहू कुहू आवाज करना

37. आज रविवार है। (रेखांकित शब्द का विलोम शब्द क्या है?)
A) परसों
B) नरसों
C) दिन
D) कल
उत्तर:
D) कल

38. कोयल का रंग काला है। (व्याकरण की दृष्टि से रेखांकित शब्द क्या है?)
A) संज्ञा
B) विशेषण
C) क्रिया
D) सर्वनाम
उत्तर:
B) विशेषण

39. इस ……… बोली मीठी है। (उचित कारक दृष्टि से रेखांकित शब्द क्या है?)
A) के
B) की
C) को
D) में
उत्तर:
B) की

40. वह कोयल है। (रेखांकित शब्द क्या है?)
A) संज्ञा
B) सर्वनाम
C) क्रिया
D) विशेषण
उत्तर:
B) सर्वनाम

These AP 7th Class Hindi Important Questions 5th Lesson ईमानदारी का फल will help students prepare well for the exams.

AP Board 7th Class Hindi 5th Lesson Important Questions and Answers ईमानदारी का फल

व्याकरण कार्य

सूचना के अनुसार उत्तर लिखिए।

1. रेखांकित शब्दों के पर्यायवाची शब्द लिखिए।

1. मानव का जीवन सही मार्ग पर चलता है।
उत्तर:
रास्ता

2. वह नदी के किनारे लकड़ियाँ काटता था।
उत्तर:
तट/तीर

3. उसने देवी को प्रणाम किया।
उत्तर:
नमस्कार

4. खुशी से तीनों कुल्हाडियाँ लेकर चला गया।
उत्तर:
संतोष

5. दया एक नैतिक गुण है।
उत्तर:
कृपा

2. रेखांकित शब्दों के विलोम शब्द लिखिए।

1. दया,परोपकार, विनय आदि नैतिक गुण हैं।
उत्तर:
अनैतिक

2. मानव जीवन सही मार्ग पर चलता है।
उत्तर:
गलत

3. वह लकड़ियाँ बेच कर जीवन बिताता था।
उत्तर:
खरीद

4. मैं तुम्हारी ईमानदारी से बहुत खुश हूँ।
उत्तर:
दुःख

5. हमें सदा उपकार ही करना चाहिए।
उत्तर:
अपकार

3. रेखांकित शब्दों के अर्थ अपनी मात्रुभाषा में लिखिए।

1. हमें विनय से रहना चाहिए।
उत्तर:
వినయము

2. देवी को उस पर दया आयी।
उत्तर:
దయ

3. देवी ने चाँदी की कुल्हाडी दिखायी।
उत्तर:
వెండి

4. वह जंगल में नही के किनारे लकड़ियाँ काटता था।
उत्तर:
అడవి

5. कुल्हाड़ी नदी में गिर गई।
उत्तर:
గొడ్డలి

4. नीचे दिये गये शब्दों को वाक्यों में प्रयोग कीजिए।

1. किनारा : वे नदी के किनारे पर खेल रहे हैं।
2. लोहा : यह लोहे की कुल्हाडी है।
3. परोपकार : परोपकार एक नैतिक गुण है।
4. ईमानदारी : ईमानदारी का फल मीठा होता है।
5. कुल्हाडी : उसकी कुल्हाड़ी नदी में गिर गई।

5. अंकों को अक्षरों में लिखिए।

1. 28 = अट्ठाईस
2. 61 = इकसठ
3. 44 = चवालीस
4. 88 = अट्टासी
5. 99 = निन्यानवे
6. 66 = छियासठ

6. अशुद्ध वर्तनीवाले कोष्ठक में ‘×’ लगाइए।

1. अ) परणाम ( ) आ) नदी ( ) इ) कुल्हाडी ( ) ई) किनारा ( )
उत्तर:
अ) ×

2. अ) किनारा ( ) आ) देवी ( ) इ) नयतिक ( ) ई) गुण ( )
उत्तर:
इ) ×

3. अ) मीटा ( ) आ) कुल्हाडी ( ) इ) चाँदी ( ) ई) सोना ( )
उत्तर:
अ) ×

4. अ) लकढ़हारा ( ) आ) नदी ( ) इ) बाहर ( ) ई) अंदर ( )
उत्तर:
अ) ×

5. अ) जंगल ( ) आ) मीठा ( ) इ) आदार ( ) ई) खुशी ( )
उत्तर:
इ) ×

7. अंकों को अक्षरों में लिखिए।

1) 15 (१५) – पंद्रह
2) 29 (२९) – उनतीस
3) 45 (४५) – पैंतालीस
4) 9 (९) – नौ
5) 17 (१७) – सत्रह
6) 36 (३६) – छत्तीस

8. सही कारक चिहनों से खाली जगहें भरिए।

1. ईमानदारी …… फल मीठा होता है।
उत्तर:
का

2. वह नदी …….. किनारे लकड़ियाँ काटता था।
उत्तर:
के

3. नदी की देवी जल ……… बाहर आयी।
उत्तर:
से

4. उसने देवी ……. प्रणाम किया।
उत्तर:
को

5. यह लोहे ……. कुल्हाडी है।
उत्तर:
की

9. सही क्रिया शब्दों से खाली जगहें भरिए।

1. देवी ने लोहे की कुल्हाडी …………..। (दिखाई/सुनाई)
उत्तर:
दिखाई

2. वह लकड़ियाँ ……….. था। (देखता/काटता)
उत्तर:
काटता

3. इसे देख कर वह रोने ………। (लगा/रहा)
उत्तर:
लगा

4. ये तीनों कुल्हाडियाँ ……….। (दे दो/ले लो)
उत्तर:
लेलो

5. कुल्हाडी नदी में ……….. गई। (गिर/चड)
उत्तर:
गिर

10. रेखांकित शब्दों की वर्तनी शुद्ध कीजिए।

1. वह लकड़ियाँ काठथा है।
उत्तर:
काटता

2. इसे देक कर वह रोने लगा।
उत्तर:
देख

3. देवी फिर जल के अंधर गई।
उत्तर:
अंदर

4. कहानी से हमें सीक मिलती है।
उत्तर:
सीख

5. देवी जल से भाहर आई।
उत्तर:
बाहर

11. रेखांकित शब्दों के लिंग बदलकर वाक्य फिर से लिखिए।

1. हाथी जंगल में रहता है।
उत्तर:
हाथिन जंगल में रहती है।

2. शेर जंगल का राजा है।
उत्तर:
शेरनी जंगल की रानी है।

3. वह एक होशियार छात्र है।
उत्तर:
वह एक होशियार छात्रा है।

4. यह बालक अच्छा है।
उत्तर:
यह बालिका अच्छी है।

5. अध्यापक पाठ पढ़ाते हैं।
उत्तर:
अध्यापिका पाठ पढ़ाती हैं।

12. रेखांकित शब्दों के वचन बदलकर लिखिए।

1. इसका फल महान होता है।
उत्तर:
इसके फल महान होते हैं।

2. उसकी कुल्हाड़ी नदी में गिर गई।
उत्तर:
उसकी कुल्हाड़ी नदी में गिर गई।

3. बच्चे दौड रहे हैं।
उत्तर:
बच्चा दौड रहा है।

4. लडकी गाती है।
उत्तर:
लडकियाँ गाती हैं।

5. वे कहानी पढ़ते हैं।
उत्तर:
वे कहानियाँ पढ़ते हैं।

13. दो वाक्यों को और / कर शब्द से जोडकर एक पाक्य बनाइए।

1) एक खरगोश था । वह पेड के नीचे सो रहा था।
उत्तर:
एक खरगोश था और वह पेड़ के नीचे सो रहा था।

2) खरगोश डर गया । खरगोश भागने लगा।
उत्तर:
खरगोश डरकर भागने लगा।

3) खरगोश चुप रहा । शेर बोल उठा।
उत्तर:
खरगोश चुप रहा और शेर बोल उठा।

4) एक बडा फल गिर पड़ा । खरगोश चौंक गया।
उत्तर:
एक बड़ा फल गिर पड़ा और खरगोश चौंक गया।

14. उचित शब्दों से खाली जगह भरिए।

1. ईमानदारी का ………… मीठा होता है। (फूल/फल)
उत्तर:
फल

2. इसे देखकर वह … लगा। (सोने/रोने)
उत्तर:
रोने

3. अचानक उसकी …… नदी में गिर गई। (कुल्हाडी/तौलिया)
उत्तर:
कुल्हाडी

4. यही मेरे …… का आधार है। (जीवन/जंगल)
उत्तर:
जीवन

5. एक ………. था। (लकडहारा/लडका)
उत्तर:
लकडहारा

15. व्याकरण की दृष्टि से रेखांकित शब्द क्या है?

1. देवी फिर जल के अंदर गयी।
उत्तर:
संज्ञा

2. वह लकड़ियों को बेचता है।
उत्तर:
सर्वनाम

3. लकडहारे ने देवी को प्रणाम किया।
उत्तर:
संज्ञा

4. देवी ने सोने की कुल्हाडी दिखाई।
उत्तर:
क्रिया

5. यही मेरे जीवन का आधार है।
उत्तर:
सर्वनाम

पठित – गद्यांश

निम्न लिखित गद्यांश पढ़कर दिये गये प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक वाक्य में दीजिए।

I. एक लकड़हारा था। वह जंगल में नदी के किनारे लकड़ियाँ काटता था। वह उन लकड़ियों को बेचकर अपना जीवन बिताता था। एक दिन वह नदी के किनारे लकड़ियाँ काट रहा था। अचानक उसकी कुल्हाड़ी नदी में गिर गई। इसे देखकर वह रोने लगा।
प्रश्न:
1. एक दिन लकडहारा लकडियाँ कहाँ काट रहा था?
उत्तर:
एक दिन लकडहारा एक जंगल में नदी के किनारे लकडियाँ काट रहा था।

2. लकडहारा जीवन कैसे बिताता था?
उत्तर:
लकडहारा लकड़ियाँ काटकर उन्हें बेचकर अपना जीवन बिताता था।

3. अचानक क्या हुआ?
उत्तर:
अचानक उसकी कुल्हाड़ी नदी में गिर गई।

4. लकडहारा क्यों रोने लगा?
उत्तर:
अपनी कुल्हाडी नदी में गिर जाने के कारण लकडहारा रोने लगा।

5. उपर्युक्त गद्यांश किस पाठ से दिया गया है?
उत्तर:
उपर्युक्त गद्यांश “ईमानदारी का फल” नामक पाठ से दिया गया है।

II. लकड़हारे को देखकर नदी की देवी जल से बाहर आयी। देवी ने लकड़हारे से रोने का कारण पूछा। लकड़हारे ने कहा कि – “देवी माँ, मेरी कुल्हाड़ी नदी में गिर गयी। यही मेरे जीवन का आधार है।” देवी को उस पर दया आयी। देवी ने उसको सोने की कुल्हाड़ी दिखाई। लकड़हारे ने कहा कि “यह मेरी नहीं है।”
प्रश्न:
1. जल से बाहर कौन आयी?
उत्तर:
नदी की देवी जल से बाहर आयी।

2. ‘जल’ शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द क्या है?
उत्तर:
जल शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द है “पानी” नीर।

3. लकडहारे ने देवी से क्या कहा?
उत्तर:
लकडहारा ने देवी से कहा ‘देवी माँ मेरी कुल्हाडी नदी में गिर गयी। यही मेरे जीवन का आधार है।

4. लकडहारे पर किसे दया आयी?
उत्तर:
लकडहारे पर नदी की देवी को दया आयी।

5. देवी ने लकडहारे को क्या दिखाया?
उत्तर:
देवी ने लकडहारे को सोने की कुल्हाडी दिखाई।

III. देवी फिर जल के अंदर गई। जल से बाहर आकर देवी ने चाँदी की कुल्हाड़ी दिखाई। लकड़हारे ने कहा – “यह भी मेरी नहीं है।” तीसरी बार देवी ने लोहे की कुल्हाड़ी दिखाई। लकड़हारे ने कहा कि “हाँ यही मेरी कुल्हाड़ी है।”
प्रश्न :
1. देवी फिर कहाँ गयी?
उत्तर:
देवी फिर जल के अंदर गयी।

2. जल से बाहर आकर देवी ने किसे दिखाया?
उत्तर:
जल से बाहर आकर देवी ने चाँदी की कुल्हाडी को दिखाया।

3. तीसरी बार देवी ने किसे दिखाया?
उत्तर:
तीसरी बार देवी ने लोहे की कुल्हाडी दिखाई।

4. ‘अंदर’ शब्द का विलोम शब्द क्या है?
उत्तर:
अंदर शब्द का विलोम शब्द है “बाहर”।

5. लकडहारे ने देवी से क्या कहा?
उत्तर:
लकडहारे ने देवी से कहा कि हाँ ! यही मेरी कुल्हाडी है।

IV. देवी ने कहा कि “मैं तुम्हारी ईमानदारी से बहुत खुश हूँ। इसलिए ये तीनों कुल्हाड़ियाँ लेलो।” लकड़हारे ने देवी को प्रणाम किया। खुशी से तीनों कुल्हाडियाँ लेकर चला गया। इस कहानी से यह सीख मिलती है कि – “ईमानदारी का फल मीठा होता है।”
प्रश्न :
1. किसने किसे प्रणाम किया?
उत्तर:
लकडहारे ने देवी को प्रणाम किया।

2. हमें क्या सीख मिलती है?
उत्तर:
हमें यह सीख मिलती है कि “ईमानदारी का फल मीठा होता है।

3. देवी ने खुशी से क्या किया?
उत्तर:
देवी ने खुशी से तीनों कुल्हाड़ियाँ दे दी।

4. लकडहारे से देवी ने क्या कहा?
उत्तर:
लकडहारे से देवी ने कहा कि “मैं तुम्हारी ईमानदारी से बहुत खुश हूँ। ये तीनों कुल्हाडियाँ ले लो।”

5. “मीठा” शब्द का विलोम शब्द क्या है?
उत्तर:
मीठा शब्द का विलोम शब्द है “कडुवा”।

अपठित- गद्यांश

निम्न लिखित गद्यांश पढ़कर दिये गये प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए।

I. सालारजंग वस्तु संग्रहालय का अपना विशेष स्थान है। एक व्यक्ति द्वारा संग्रह की गयी कलात्मक वस्तुओं का यह भण्डार संसार में सबसे बड़ा है। नवाब यूसुफ अली खाँ ने संसार भर से कलात्मक वस्तुओं को इसमें संगृहीत किया। अब यह संग्रहालय केन्द्रीय सरकार के अधीन है। इसमें हीरे, जवाहरात, रत्न, मणियों से ज़डे तलवार, आभूषण आदि हैं। संगमरमर की कुछ प्रतिमाएँ भी हैं जो किसी दूसरे संग्रहालय में नहीं मिलती।
प्रश्न :
1. संसार में सब से बडा संग्रहालय जो एक व्यक्ति द्वारा संग्रहीत की गयी है, वह क्या है?
A) सालारजंग वस्तु संग्रहालय
B) विक्टोरिया संग्रहालय
C) अली संग्रहालय
D) नवाब संग्रहालय
उत्तर:
A) सालारजंग वस्तु संग्रहालय

2. किस संग्रहालय का अपना विशेष स्थान है?
A) विक्टोरिया संग्रहालय
B) नवाब संग्रहालय
C) सालारजंग वस्तु संग्रहालय
D) B & C
उत्तर:
C) सालारजंग वस्तु संग्रहालय

3. सालारजंग संग्रहालय अब किस सरकार के अधीन में हैं?
A) प्रांतीय सरकार
B) जातीय सरकार
C) राष्ट्र सरकार
D) केंद्रीय सरकार
उत्तर:
D) केंद्रीय सरकार

4. संसार भर के कलात्मक वस्तुओं को किसने सालारजंग वस्तु संग्रहालय में संग्रहीत किया?
A) सालारजंग ने
B) यूसुफ़ ने
C) नवाब यूसुफ़ अली खाँ
D) नवाब खाँ
उत्तर:
C) नवाब यूसुफ़ अली खाँ

5. उपर्युक्त गद्यांश के लिए उचित शीर्षक निकालिए।
A) सालारजंग वस्तु संग्रहालय
B) म्यूज़ियम
C) हीरे, जवाहरात
D) तलवार, आभूषण
उत्तर:
A) सालारजंग वस्तु संग्रहालय

II. प्रसिद्ध वैज्ञानिक डार्विन ने कहा था कि पहले मनुष्य की पूँछ होती थी। जब वह लंबे समय तक इस्तेमाल नहीं की गई तो धीरे – धीरे गायब हो गई। यह कहा जा सकता है जो चीज़ काम में नहीं लाई जाती वह गायब हो सकती है। एक छोटी सी सोच मनुष्य में नई प्रेरणा, नई आशा, नई शक्ति भर सकती है। एक बार जानवरों की गोष्ठी में पूंछ के बारे में विचार किया गया।
प्रश्न :
1. मनुष्य की पूँछ के बारे में किसने कहा था?
A) कोलंबस
B) डार्विन
C) पावलाव
D) माल्थस
उत्तर:
B) डार्विन

2. मनुष्य की पूँछ धीरे – धीरे क्यों गायब हो गई?
A) अधिक उपयोग करने से
B) काटने से
C) जलने से
D) इस्तेमाल न करने से
उत्तर:
D) इस्तेमाल न करने से

3. किस प्रकार की चीज़ गायब हो सकती है?
A) उपयोग न करने की
B) अधिक उपयोग करने की
C) मत्रोंच्छारण से
D) कई बार धोने से
उत्तर:
A) उपयोग न करने की

4. एक छोटी सी सोच मनुष्य में क्या – क्या भर सकती है?
A) प्रेरणा, आशा, शक्ति
B) लालच, आशा
C) क्षमा, लालच
D) प्रेरणा, क्षमा
उत्तर:
A) प्रेरणा, आशा, शक्ति

5. एक बार पूँछ के बारे में कहाँ विचार किया गया?
A) मनुष्यों की गोष्ठी में
B) जानवरों की गोष्टी. में
C) दरबार में
D) सभा में
उत्तर:
B) जानवरों की गोष्टी. में

III. एक से अधिक भाषाएँ सीखना बहुत अच्छी बात है। भाषा एक दूसरे को मिलाती है। हम को आम लोगों की भाषा सीखनी चाहिए। बोलचाल की भाषा सीखनी चाहिए। यही बहुत उपयोगी है। हिन्दी हमारे देश की राजं भाषा है और राष्ट्र भाषा भी। हिन्दी को लगभग भारत के सभी प्रांतों के लोग समझते हैं। देशवासियों के बीच व्यवहार के लिए हिन्दी भाषा उपयोगी है। सामान्य व्यवहार के लिए हिन्दी सीखने के लिए पत्र – पत्रिकाएँ पढ़नी हैं।
प्रश्न :
1. हमारे देश की राजभाषा क्या है?
A) कन्नड
B) हिन्दी
C) तेलुगु
D) तमिल
उत्तर:
B) हिन्दी

2. सामान्य व्यवहार के लिए हिंदी सीखने के लिए क्या – क्या पढ़नी हैं?
A) पत्र – पत्रिकाएँ
B) कविता
C) कहानी
D) लेख
उत्तर:
A) पत्र – पत्रिकाएँ

3. देशवासियों के बीच व्यवहार के लिए उपयोगी भाषा क्या है?
A) उर्दू
B) फ़ारसी
C) तेलुगु
D) हिन्दी
उत्तर:
D) हिन्दी

4. बहुत अच्छी बात क्या है?
A) कहानी पढना
B) अधिक भाषाएँ सीखना
C) हिन्दी सीखना
D) पत्र पढना
उत्तर:
B) अधिक भाषाएँ सीखना

5. हिंदी को कौन समझते हैं?
A) सभी लोग
B) कुछ लोग
C) हम लोग
D) तुम लोग
उत्तर:
A) सभी लोग

IV. वल्लभ नाम का एक बालक था। वह गुजरात प्रांत के एक छोटे से गाँव में रहता था। उसे पढ़ने का बहुत शौक था। पाठशाला गाँव से काफी दूर थी। बच्चों को पाठशाला जाने के लिए ऊबड – खाबड रास्ता तय करना पड़ता था। एक दिन वल्लभ अपने साथियों के साथ पाटशाला जाते समय अचानक उसके पैर में रास्ते का पत्थर लगा। पैर के अंगूठे से खून बहने लगा।
प्रश्न :
1. बालक का नाम क्या था?
A) गौरव
B) वल्लभ
C) प्रशांत
D) कुमार
उत्तर:
B) वल्लभ

2. वह कहाँ रहता था?
A) मध्यप्रदेश
B) तेलंगाणा
C) गुजरात
D) अहमदाबाद
उत्तर:
C) गुजरात

3. पाठशाला कहाँ थी?
A) गाँव में
B) गाँव के पास
C) दूसरे गाँव में
D) गाँव से दूर
उत्तर:
D) गाँव से दूर

4. बच्चों को पाठशाला जाने के लिए क्या तय करना पड़ता था?
A) सही रास्ता
B) ऊबड – खाबड रास्ता
C) कांटों का रास्ता
D) पहाडी रास्ता
उत्तर:
B) ऊबड – खाबड रास्ता

5. वल्लभ पाठशाला जाते समय अचानक क्या हुआ?
A) पैर में रास्ते का पत्थर लगा।
B) पैर फिसल गया।
C) अध्यापक से मिला।
D) प्यास लगी
उत्तर:
A) पैर में रास्ते का पत्थर लगा।

V. भारत के झंडे में तीन पट्टियाँ हैं। ऊपर वाली पट्टी केसरिया रंग की है। यह त्याग का चिह्न है। बीच वाली पट्टी सफेद रंग की हैं। सफेद रंग शांति का चिह्न है। नीचे वाली पट्टी हरे रंग की है। हरा रंग सुख शांति का चिह्न है। हमारे झंडे के बीच एक चक्र है। इस चक्र को अशोक चक्र कहते हैं।
प्रश्न :
1. भारत के झंडे में कितनी पट्टियाँ हैं?
A) एक
B) दो
C) तीन
D) चार
उत्तर:
C) तीन

2. ऊपर वाली पट्टी किस रंग की है?
A) केसरिया
B) सफेद
C) हरा
D) नीला
उत्तर:
A) केसरिया

3. सफेद रंग किसका चिहन है?
A) त्याग
B) शांति
C) सुख
D) क्रोध
उत्तर:
B) शांति

4. नीचे वाली पट्टी किस रंग की है?
A) केसरिया
B) सफेद
C) हरा
D) पीला
उत्तर:
C) हरा

5. हमारे झंडे के बीच क्या है?
A) शंख
B) पत्ता
C) फूल
D) चक्र
उत्तर:
D) चक्र

बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न

निम्न लिखित प्रश्नों के सही उत्तर विकल्पों से चुनकर कोष्ठक में लिखिए।

1. ईमानदारी का फल मीठा होता है। (रेखांकित शब्द का भाषा भाग क्या है?)
A) संज्ञा
B) विशेषण
C) सर्वनाम
D) क्रिया
उत्तर:
B) विशेषण

2. देवी फिर जल के अंदर गई। (रेखांकित शब्द का भाषा भाग क्या है?)
A) सर्वनाम
B) संज्ञा
C) क्रिया
D) विशेषण
उत्तर:
B) संज्ञा

3. देवी को उस पर दया आयी। (इस वाक्य में क्रिया शब्द को पहचानिए।)
A) देवी
B) उस पर
C) आयी
D) दया
उत्तर:
C) आयी

4. यह मेरी नहीं है। (सर्वनाम शब्द को पहचानिए।)
A) नहीं
B) है
C) यह
D) ये सब
उत्तर:
C) यह

5. देवी फिर जल के ……. गई। (उचित शब्द से रिक्तस्थान भरिए।)
A) बाहर
B) अंदर
C) ऊपर
D) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर:
B) अंदर

6. वह लकड़ियाँ काटता था। (रेखांकित शब्द का एक वचन रूप पहचानिए।)
A) लडकी
B) लकडी
C) लकडे
D) लकडो
उत्तर:
B) लकडी

7. उसने देवी को प्रणाम किया। (रेखांकित शब्द का अर्थ पहचानिए।)
A) तिरस्कार
B) नमस्कार
C) बहिष्कार
D) संस्कार
उत्तर:
B) नमस्कार

8. ‘नदी’ शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द पहचानिए।
A) सरोवर
B) सागर
C) समुद्र
D) मेघ
उत्तर:
A) सरोवर

9. हाँ यह मेरी है। (रेखांकित शब्द का विलोम शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) गलत
B) नहीं
C) ठीक
D) सही
उत्तर:
B) नहीं

10. देवी को उस पर दया ……. (उचित क्रिया शब्द से रिक्त स्थान भरिए।)
A) नहीं
B) आयी
C) फैली
D) उतारी
उत्तर:
B) आयी

11. उसकी कुल्हाड़ी नदी में गिर गई। (रेखांकित शब्द का बहुवचन रूप पहचानिए।)
A) कुल्हाडे
B) कुल्हाडों
C) कुल्हाड
D) कुल्हाड़ियाँ
उत्तर:
D) कुल्हाड़ियाँ

12. शेर जंगल का राजा है। (रेखांकित शब्द का स्त्री लिंग रूप क्या है?)
A) शेरनी
B) नर शेर
C) शेरा
D) कोई नहीं
उत्तर:
A) शेरनी

13. बेमेल शब्द पहचानिए।
A) जनवरी
B) फरवरी
C) मार्च
D) रविवार
उत्तर:
D) रविवार

14. बेमेल शब्द पहचानिए।
A) घोडा
B) कुत्ता
C) बाध
D) गधा
उत्तर:
C) बाध

15. वर्तनी की दृष्टि से अशुद्ध शब्द पहचानिए।
A) जनगल
B) देवी
C) बाहर
D) जीवन
उत्तर:
A) जनगल

16. वर्तनी की दृष्टि से शद्ध शब्द पहचानिए।
A) अंधर
B) कुल्हाडी
C) ईमान्धार
D) घिर
उत्तर:
B) कुल्हाडी

17. 79 – अक्षरों में पहचानिए।
A) पचहत्तर
B) पच्चीस
C) उन्नासी
D) अट्टासी
उत्तर:
C) उन्नासी

18. सैंतीस – इसे अंकों में पहचानिए।
A) 39
B) 42
C) 50
D) 37
उत्तर:
D) 37

19. सही क्रम वाला वाक्य पहचानिए।
A) देवी को प्रणाम लकडहारे ने किया।
B) लकडहारे ने देवी को प्रणाम किया।
C) प्रणाम लकडहारे किया को देवी ने
D) देवी प्रणाम लकडहारे किया ने।
उत्तर:
B) लकडहारे ने देवी को प्रणाम किया।

20. शुद्ध वाक्य पहचानिए।
A) मैं मेरा काम करता हूँ।
B) वह फल खाता है।
C) वे पाठ पढ़ता हो।
D) गाय घास चरता है।
उत्तर:
B) वह फल खाता है।

21. इसका फल महान होता है। (रेखांकित क्या है?)
A) सर्वनाम
B) विशेषण
C) संज्ञा
D) क्रिया
उत्तर:
B) विशेषण

22. वह लकड़ी काट रहा है। (रेखांकित शब्द का अर्थ पहचानिए।)
A) काठ
B) बच्चा
C) बच्ची
D) युवक
उत्तर:
A) काठ

23. कुल्हाडी नदी में गिर गया। (रेखांकित शब्द का विलोम शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) पडना
B) उठ
C) बैठ
D) सो
उत्तर:
B) उठ

24. ईमानदारी का फल मीठा होता है। (रेखांकित शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) कडुवा
B) खट्टा
C) रसीला
D) ठंडा
उत्तर:
C) रसीला

25. यह मेरी कुल्हाडी है। (संज्ञा शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) यह
B) मेरी
C) है
D) कुल्हाडी
उत्तर:
D) कुल्हाडी

26. मैं तुम्हारी ईमानदारी …… बहुत खुश हूँ। (उचित कारक चिह्न से रिक्त स्थान भरिए)
A) के
B) को
C) में
D) से
उत्तर:
D) से

27. यह मेरी नहीं है। (सर्वनाम शब्द को पहचानिए।)
A) नहीं
B) है
C) यह
D) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर:
C) यह

28. वह लकड़ियाँ काट रहा था। (इस वाक्य में क्रिया शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) वह
B) काट
C) लकड़ियाँ
D) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर:
B) काट

29. लकडहारे ने …….. को प्रणाम किया। (उचित शब्द शब्द से खाली जगह भरिए।)
A) देवी
B) राक्षस
C) दानव
D) मानव
उत्तर:
A) देवी

30. सही क्रम वाला वाक्य पहचानिए।
A) होता मीठा फल है।
B) फल मीठा होता है।
C) होता फल है मीठा।
D) मीठा है होता फल।
उत्तर:
B) फल मीठा होता है।

31. हाँ यह मेरी कुल्हाडी है। (काल पहचानिए।)
A) वर्तमान काल
B) भूत काल
C) कलि काले
D) भविष्यत काल
उत्तर:
A) वर्तमान काल

32. शुद्ध वर्तनी वाला शब्द पहचानिए।
A) धेवी
B) मीठा
C) कता
D) ये सब
उत्तर:
B) मीठा

33. अशुद्ध वर्तनी वाला शब्द पहचानिए।
A) झंगल
B) लकडी
C) कुल्हाडी
D) ईमानदार
उत्तर:
A) झंगल

34. ‘नदी’ शब्द का बहुवचन रूप पहचानिए।
A) नदें
B) नदी
C) नदियाँ
D) नदे
उत्तर:
C) नदियाँ

35. लडका लकडियाँ काटता है। (रेखांकित शब्द का स्त्री लिंग शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) बच्ची
B) बेटी
C) लड़के
D) पुत्री
उत्तर:
C) लड़के

36. बेमेल शब्द पहचानिए।
A) बच्चा
B) लडका
C) बेटी
D) बेटा
उत्तर:
C) बेटी

37. वह लकडियों ……. बेचता था। (उचित कारक चिह्न से रिक्तस्थान भरिए।)
A) को
B) का
C) की
D) से
उत्तर:
A) को

38. शुध्द वाक्य पहचानिए।
A) वह फल खाता है।
B) वे फल खाते हो।
C) वह बाजार जाता हूँ
D) मैं तरकारी खरीदता है।
उत्तर:
A) वह फल खाता है।

39. वह ईमानदार है। (रेखांकित शब्द का विलोम शब्द पहचानिए।)
A) बेईमानदार
B) गुणवाला
C) हिम्मत
D) धैर्य
उत्तर:
A) बेईमानदार

40. सही क्रम वाला वाक्य पहचानिए।
A) था एक लकडहारा।
B) एक लकडहारा था।
C) एक था लकडहारा।
D) लकडहारा था एक।
उत्तर:
B) एक लकडहारा था।

These AP 7th Class Science Important Questions 12th Lesson Soil and Water will help students prepare well for the exams.

AP Board 7th Class Science 12th Lesson Important Questions and Answers Soil and Water

Question 1.
What are the most important resources for living things?
Answer:

1. The soil and water are the most important resources for living things.
2. There is no life without these resources.

Question 2.
What is soil? Name the branch of science that deals with the scientific study of soil?
Answer:

1. The upper most layer of earth’s crust is known as soil.
2. The scientific study of soil is called “Pedology”.

Question 3.
Why soil is so important for plants?
Answer:

1. Soil is a substratum in which plants get nutrients.
2. Soil is a habitat for plants and many animals.

Question 4.
What is the pleasant smell after rain is known as? Mention the reason for the pleasant smell of soil after rain?
Answer:

1. The pleasant smell after the rain is known as ‘Petrichor scent’.
2. It is because of the rising of a substance called geosmin from the soil into the air when it rains.
3. It is produced by the spores of actinomycetes bacteria.

Question 5.
Why soil is an important resource?
Answer:

1. Human beings depend on soil for their basic needs.
3. It has become an important part of our life.

Question 6.
What is Pedogenesis?
Answer:
The process of formation of soil from the parent rock by the process of weathering is called pedogenesis.

Question 7.
What is humus?
Answer:

1. Dead and decayed organic matter that mixes with soil is called humus.
2. Humus levels in the soil indicates the soil fertility.

Question 8.
What are the components of soil?
Answer:
The following are the components of soil.
1) Water , 2) air , 3) organic matter, 4) inorganic matter, 5) living organisms.

Question 9.
What is Edophology? What are edaphic factors?
Answer:

1. The science dealing with the influence of soil on organisms, especially on plants is called Edophology.
2. The factors that contribute to soil composition are called edaphic factors.

Question 10.
What is soil profile?
Answer:

1. The sequence of horizontal and various components, layers of soil at a place is called soil profile.
2. Each layer has a distinct colour, texture, depth and chemical composition. These layers are called horizons.

Question 11.
What are the crops grown in black soils?
Answer:
Farmers grow paddy, sugarcane and cotton crops in black soils.

Question 12.
Mention the crops grown in loamy soils?
Answer:
Most of the farmers practice aquaculture and grow flowers, vegetables, millets, tobacco and fruits.

Question 13.
What are the crops grown in Sandy soils?
Answer:

1. Farmers grow groundnuts and castor in some places.
2. Cotton, red’gram and tomatoes are also grown in sandy soils of Chitoor.

Question 14.
What are the crops grown in black soils with light clay?
Answer:

1. Farmers mostly grow cotton and chillies in black soils which have light clay.
2. These soils can be seen in Kadapa.

Question 15.
What are the crops grown in the loamy soils of Kurnool?
Answer:

1. Farmers grow paddy, jowar and bengal gram.
2. These loamy soils of Kurnool consists of sand also.

Question 16.
Name the crops grown in red sandy soils of Visakhapatnam?
Answer:
Farmers grow crops such as cashew, sugafedne arid paddy.

Question 17.
When do we celebrate the world water day?
Answer:
We celebrate the world water day on 22nd of March.

Question 18.
What is “Water Action Decade”? What is it’s aim?
Answer:

1. Recognizing the growing challenges of water scarcity UNO launched the Water Action Decade – 2018 to 2028 on 22nd March, 2018.
2. It’s aim is to mobilize action that will help and transform our views of management of water.

Question 19.
What happens if sewage and water from industries contaminate the water resources?
Answer:

1. Sewage contains the soluble and insoluble organic and inorganic impurities and disease causing microorganisms.
2. If this contaminated water mix up with drinking water it causes diseases such as diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid and hepatitis.

Question 20.
How can we prevent contamination of water resources?
Answer:
Contamination of water resources can be prevented by treating sewage water properly before releasing it into water resources.

Question 21.
What would happen if same crop is cultivated continuously in the same field?
Answer:

1. It decreases the soil fertility.
2. Yield decreases in the next crop.

Question 22.
Write a short note on modern water purifiers?
Answer:

1. Modern water purifiers have a filtet unit and facilities to let the ultra-violet rays to pass through.
2. Ultra-violet rays are used instead of chlorine treatment to kill the germs.

Question 23.
Why should we use clay idols instead of idols made of plaster of paris?
Answer:

1. During festivals like Vinayaka Chavithi we use idols of Ganesh made of plaster of paris and chemical colours which causes severe damage to our environment.
2. Instead of these chemical idols we should use clay idols and celebrate festivals in an ecofriendly way.

Question 24.
For which purposes are we using fresh water?
Answer:
Fresh water has been the constant and essential companion of human beings throughout history. Water is used in great quantities in agriculture and industries.

Question 25.
Which type of soil is suitable for growing cotton?
Answer:

1. Black soil is suitable for growing cotton.
2. Black soil is sticky in nature. It retains water for a long time.
3. This soil is suitable for the growth of cotton, sugarcane and paddy.

Question 26.
Which type of soil is generally seen in our state?
Answer:
In our state we see the following types of soils.
а) Black soil b) Red soil c) Red sandy soil d) Alluvial soil e) Loamy Soil

7th Class Science 12th Lesson Soil and Water Short Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Soil is useful for us in many ways. What are they?
Answer:

1. Soil is needed for agriculture.
2. It is needed for construction of buildings.
3. It is needed for extraction of minerals from mines.
4. oil is very useful for making utensils and pottery.
5. For making toys and idols soil is useful.
6. Multani soil is used in making cosmetics.

Question 2.
Mention the different horizons in soil profile?
Answer:

1. O horizon (Surface litter)
2. A horizon (Top soil)
3. B horizon (Sub soil)
4. C horizon (Regolith)
5. R horizon (Bedrock)

Question 3.
What types of soils are there in your village?
Answer:

1. Types of soil differ from village to village.
2. For guidance a village in Krishna District is identified and details are given here.
3. There is black soil in the village. This soil can retain water for a long time.
4. Here farmers grow cotton, sugarcane and paddy.

Question 4.
What is weathering?
Answer:

1. In nature due to the action of various natural agents such as wind, water, sun and climate the bigger rocks (Parent rock) gradually breakdown and give small particles which forms the soil.
2. The process of formation of soil due to natural agents like wind, water and sunlight is called weathering.

Question 5.
What are the common soil problems tested at soil testing centres?
Answer:
The common soil problems tested at soil testing centres include :

1. Low organic matter like carbon
2. Available minerals in soil – nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
3. Availability of micro nutrient levels
4. Poor drainage
5. Soil temperature
6. Soil moisture
7. Soil contamination
8. acidic or basic nature of soil (pH)

Question 6.
How can you say soil is a precious resource? Give reasons.
Answer:

1. Soil is a precious resource.
2. It is the basis for growth of plants.
3. It is habitat for micro organism, animals, reptiles etc.
4. Soil is used for various purposes.
5. Almost all the things in our surroundings directly or indirectly depend on soil.

Question 7.
Why is top soil more useful for us?
Answer:

1. The top organic layer of soil, made up mostly of leaf litter and humus (decomposed organic matter).
2. This layer is soft and porus. It contains nutrients which help in the growth of plants.
3. Top soil is capable of retaining water in it.
4. It is a good habitat for many living organism.

Question 8.
What do farmers do to preserve the fertility of the soil?
Answer:

1. It is very important to preserve the fertility of soil.
2. You know farmers can’t continue the same type of crops in their fields.
3. They know continuous cultivation of same agriculture crops reduce the soil fertility.
4. enerally, farmers cultivate pulses after completion of paddy.
5. This kind of rotation of crops retains soil fertility and productivity.
6. Conservation of soil is important factor in agriculture.

Question 9.
How is the formation of soil happened why are farmers and Engineers testing the soil?
Answer:
Soil Formation:

1. Soil is formed slowly as rock (the parent material) erodes into tiny pieces near the Earth’s surface.
2. Organic matter decays and mixes with inorganic material (rock particles, minerals and water) to form soil.
3. These days farmers test the soil in the field using soil technologies in order to grow suitable crops in the fields.
4. Engineers also test the soil profile before constructing multi storied buildings, bridges and dams.

Question 10.
How can the soil erosion be prevented?
Answer:

1. Our farmers grow big trees around the fields to stop winds.
2. They don’t keep the lands vacant.
3. Farmers generally use vacant lands to grow grass and other plants.
4. These grass plant roots hold the soil particles and prevent soil erosion during heavy rains.

Question 11.
‘Soil is a good habitat’ Explain the statement.
Answer:

1. Soil is a good habitat. We depend on it for agricultural and construction purposes, making utensils, toys etc.
2. We know that plants depend on soil for nutrients like mineral salts and water from the soil
3. Animal life such as burrows or eggs of insects are found in the soil.

Question 12.
Read the below table and answer the following questions.

a) What is the character of loam soil?
b) What is the difference between clay soil and sandy soil?
Answer:
a) When you try to make a cylinder, it can break. This is the light loam soil,

b) Clay Soil : It is very easy to roll into a ball.
Sandy Soil: It is not easy to roll into a ball.

Question 13.
What questions you would ask soil scientist to know the nature of soils?
Answer:

1. Why should we know the nature of soil?
2. Which type of soil is good for growth of the plants?
3. Are the soils same through out the world?
4. If the soil is spoiled, what would happen to plants and animals?

7th Class Science 12th Lesson Soil and Water Long Questions and Answers

Question 1.
How can we conserve the water resources?
Answer:
Conservation of water resources :
Conservation of water can be done using the 4R principle. They include Recharge, Reuse, Revive and Reduce.

Recharge:
The ground water can be recharged by collecting the rain water from the top of the buildings by the process of rainwater harvesting. Percolation tanks, Check dams and Contour trenches cdso help to recharge ground water.

Reuse:
The waste water treated in sewage treatment plants can be used for household activities such as washing vehicles, watering plants and for construction purpose.

Revive:
The practice of reviving the groundwater in drought prone areas is very familiar in olden days. At present the problem of water scarcity can be solved by renovating and reviving the step wells (Digudu Bavulu).

Reduce:
The use and wastage of water can be reduced through different measures. For example we can reduce the wastage of water in agriculture using modern methods of irrigation such as Drip irrigation.

Question 2.
What are the different stages in purification of water?
Answer:

1. Water in rivers, reservoirs and lakes may contain many impurities.
2. Under safe drinking water supply scheme, the water is purified through physical and chemical treatment which includes.
   a) Coagulation : Adding chemicals to bind with impurities in water forming heavy particles.
   b) Sedimentation : Making these heavy particles to settle at the bottom.
   c) Filtration: Passing the upper water through filters to remove remaining undissolved particles.
   d) Disinfection : Adding chlorine or bleaching powder to kill disease causing micro organisms.

Question 3.
What are the different stages involved in sewage water treatment? Explain with the help of a flow chart.
Answer:

1. Water consisting domestic and industrial wastes is treated at sewage or waste water treatment plant.
2. It involves 3 stages. They are
   a) Primary treatment (Physical process)
   b) Secondary treatment (Biological process)
   c) Tertiary treatment (Chemical process)
3. These processes can be explained with the help of the following flow chart.

Question 4.
Fresh water is scarce. What is your contribution to make your family members aware of the need to save water?
Answer:
I shall see that my family members follow the following methods of using water.

1. Pick up water that is required for drinking. Donot throw away the water left out in the glass.
2. Water used for cleaning rice and vegetables will be sent to the garden in the backyard.
3. For bath, required water is to be used
4. I suggest the members to use mild soaps as the water after bath can be sent to plants in the garden of the house.
5. No spill out of water from the tap must be seen by every family member.
6. ‘Think’ before you use every drop of water is the suggestion I put before the family members.

Question 5.
Prepare afleast 5 slogans on “Don’t waste water”.
Answer:
5 slogans on Don’t waste water’.

1. ‘Water is our currency. Use it with care’
2. ‘Water is our life. Save it’.
3. ‘Water is precious. Use it but do not throw it’.
4. ‘Save water. Never become a partner for its shortage’.
5. ‘Water is life. Life is not water’.

Question 6.
How can we conserve water? Write some practices that can be adopted.
Answer:
a) 1) We perform many activities in our daiiy life using water.
2) We can conserve water by adopting certain good practices.

b) Some practices that can be adopted:

1. Water is precious. We should not waste it.
2. Collect water in a bucket after cleaning rice, dal and vegetables in the kitchen which contains peels of vegetables.
3. We can use this water for our cattle.
4. We should not throw solid food remains, tea leaves and oily wastes down the drain.
5. We must make a channel so that the kitchen and bath room water flows to the coconut and banana plants in our garden.
6. We should use only mild soaps and detergents so that this water may not harm our plants.
7. Any leakage of water from any tap must be repaired immediately.

Question 7.
Give reasons for low percolation rate of clayey soil as compared to sandy soil.
Answer:

1. Clayey soil mainly contains clay.
2. Only small percentage of sand and slit are present in the clayey soil.
3. Humus is also present in this soil.
4. The components having good percolation capacity are not present in the clayey soil in the desired proportion.
5. So clayey soil has low percolation rate as compared to sandy soil.

Question 8.
Describe the soil profile.
Answer:
The sequence of horizontal and various components, layers of soil (horizons) at a place is known as Soil profile. Each layer has a distinct colour, texture, depth and chemical composition.These layers are called Horizons.

O Horizon (surface litter) –
is the uppermost, thin horizon, made up of leaf litter and decomposing organic matter.

A Horizon (Top Soil) –
is generally dark consisting dead, decomposed organic matter (humus) mixed with mineral particles. It is soft, porous and retains water hence seeds germinate easily. Plants and many other living organisms get shelter in this fertile layer.

B Horizon (Subsoil) has a lesser amount of humus but consists of clay and more amounts of minerals hence it is harder and more compact. d C

Horizon (Regolith) consists of broken rocks with very little organic matter.

R Horizon (Bedrock) is made up of un weathered rock (bedrock) which is hard and difficult to dig with a spade.

AP Board 7th Class Science 12th Lesson 1 Mark Bits Questions and Answers Soil and Water

I. Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer and write its letters in the brackets.

1. This is a good habitat for many small organisms.
A) Soil
B) Air
C) Water
D) Fire
Answer:
A) Soil

2. Which of the following soil is used for making utensils and pottery?
A) Shadu soil
B) Multani soil
C) China clay
D) Sandy soil
Answer:
C) China clay

3. Which of the following soil is use in cosmetics?
A) Shadu soil
B) Multani soil
C) Terracotta soil
D) China clay
Answer:
B) Multani soil

4. Which of the following soil is used for making toys and idols?
A) Shadu soil
B) Multani soil
C) Terracotta soil
D) China clay
Answer:
A) Shadu soil

5. The forming process of soil is known as
A) Pedology
B) Weathering
C) Pedogenesis
D) Sedimentation
Answer:
B) Weathering

6. Dead and decayed organic matter that mixes with soil is called …………
A) Soil profile
B) Horizons
C) Humus
D) Particles
Answer:
C) Humus

7. The sequence of horizontal and various components, layers of soil at a place is known as
A) Soil profile
B) Horizons
C) Humus
D) Particles
Answer:
A) Soil profile

8. This type of soil ball can be easily made into a cylinder and a ring.
A) Sandy soil
B) Loamy soil
C) Clayey soil
D) All of the above
Answer:
C) Clayey soil

9. This figure shows
A) Sandy soil
B) Loamy soil
C) Clayey soil
D) All of the above
Answer:
B) Loamy soil

10. Which of the following soil is well aerated and drains quickly?
A) Deltaic alluvial soil
B) Sandy soil
C) Loamy soil
D) Clayey soil
Answer:
B) Sandy soil

11. Deltaic alluvial soil is found in the following districts.
A) Krishna and Nellore
B) East and West Godavari
C) Prakasam and Kurnool
D) Visakhapatnam and Vijayanagaram
Answer:
B) East and West Godavari

12. Black soil is found in the following districts
A) Krishna and Nellore
B) East and West Godavari
C) Prakasam and Kurnool
D) Visakhapatnam and Vijayanagaram
Answer:
A) Krishna and Nellore

13. The percentage of ground and surface water is
A) 1%
B) 2%
C) 3%
D) 97%
Answer:
A) 1%

14. The percentage of fresh water is
A) 1%
B) 2%
C) 3%
D) 97%
Answer:
C) 3%

15. The percentage of marine water is
A) 1%
B) 2%
C) 3%
D) 97%
Answer:
D) 97%

16. The process of entry of water into the ground is
A) Ground water
B) Percolation
C) Infiltration
D) Water table
Answer:
C) Infiltration

17. The absorption and downward movement of water through the soil layers is
A) Ground water
B) Percolation
C) Infiltration
D) Water table
Answer:
B) Percolation

18. The wells, tube wells and hand pumps get water present in the
A) Infiltrations
B) Water tables
C) Aquifers
D) Soil profiles
Answer:
C) Aquifers

19. Adding chemicals to bind with impurities in water, forming heavy particles is
A) Coagulation
B) Sedimentation
C) Filtration
D) Disinfection
Answer:
A) Coagulation

20. Adding chlorine or bleaching powder to kill disease causing micro organisms is
A) Coagulation
B) Sedimentation
C) Filtration
D) Disinfection
Answer:
D) Disinfection

21. Digudu Bavulu is an example for this conservation of water resources.
A) Recharge
B) Reuse
C) Revive
D) Reduce
Answer:
C) Revive

22. Percolation tanks, check dams and contour trenches help to this conservation of water resources
A) Recharge
B) Reuse
C) Revive
D) Reduce
Answer:
C) Revive

23. Drip irrigation is an example for this conservation of water resources.
A) Recharge
B) Reuse
C) Revive
D) Reduce
Answer:
D) Reduce

24. Assertion (A) : Soils can be classified on the basis of proportions of particles of various sizes present in them.
Reason (R) : In loamy soil the proportion of large and fine particles is almost same.
A) Both A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’.
B) Both A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of A’.
C) ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false.
D) ’A’ is false but ‘R’ is true.
Answer:
B) Both A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of A’.

25. Assertion (A) : Soil is formed by weathering of rocks.
Reason (R) : The process of breaking down of rocks by the action of wind, water, sun and climate is called weathering.
A) Both A’ and ’R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’.
B) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of ‘A’.
C) ‘A’ is true but ’R’ isdalse.
D) ’A’ is false but ‘R’ is true.
Answer:
A) Both A’ and ’R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’.

26. Statement (i) : Paddy and sugar cane grow very well in sandy soil.
Statement (ii) : Capacity to hold water is much in sandy soil than clayey soil.
Statement (iii) : Clayey soil has poor air circulation.
A) Statement (i) and (iii) are incorrect while (ii) is correct.
B) Statement (i) and (ii) are incorrect while (iii) is correct.
C) All statements are correct.
D) All statements are incorrect.
Answer:
B) Statement (i) and (ii) are incorrect while (iii) is correct.

27. Assertion (A) : Cleaning of water is a process of removing pollutants before it enters a water body.
Reason (R) : The process of cleaning of water and removal of pollutants from it is called “sewage treatment”.
A) Both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ is the correct explanation of ‘A’.
B) Both A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of A’.
C) ‘A’ is true but ‘R’ is false.
D) A’ is false but ‘R’ is true.
Answer:
B) Both A’ and ‘R’ are true but ‘R’ is not the correct explanation of A’.

28. World water day is on
A) 22nd March
B) 20th March
C) 22nd April
D) 20th April
Answer:
A) 22nd March

29. Micro organisms in water cause the disease.
A) Cold
B) Fever
C) Body Pains
D) Cholera
Answer:
D) Cholera

30. Chemical used to disinfect water.
A) Oxygen
B) Chlorine
C) Fluorine
D) Nitrogen
Answer:
B) Chlorine

31. Essential for metabolic activity.
A) CO₂
B) Rain
C) Water
D) Minerals
Answer:
C) Water

32. Chlorine passing into water is called
A) Aeration
B) Chlorination
C) Purification
D) Filteration
Answer:
B) Chlorination

33. Pumping of water into air for purification is called
A) Chlorination
B) Purification
C) Aeration
D) Filteration
Answer:
C) Aeration

34. Which of the following is the top most layer of soil?
A) “O” Horizon
B) “R” Horizon
C) “A” Horizon
D) “B” Horizon
Answer:
A) “O” Horizon

35. Waste water released by different users are collectively called
A) Mud
B) Sewage
C) Sludge
D) None of these
Answer:
B) Sewage

36. Sewage contain
A) suspended impurities
B) dissolved impurities
C) disease causing bacteria
D) all of these
Answer:
D) all of these

37. The process involved in treatment of sewage water
A) physical process
B) chemical process
C) biological process
D) all of these
Answer:
D) all of these

38. Which gas kills harmful disease causing organisms in waste water?
A) Fluorine
B) Chlorine
C) Oxygen
D) Bromine
Answer:
B) Chlorine

39. How much percentage of precipitated water exist in glaciers?
A) 1%
B) 2%
C) 3%
D) 7%
Answer:
B) 2%

40. Sita collects the water that used after cleaning rice, dal and vegetables in the kitchen and uses it to water the garden. This can be called ___
A) Stagnation of water
B) Reuse of water
C) Storing of water
D) Recovering of water
Answer:
B) Reuse of water

41. Soil is a good
A) habitat
B) material
C) source for plant
D) living place for snails
Answer:
A) habitat

42. Soil contains
A) Waste material
B) Humidity
C) Rocks
D) Minerals
Answer:
D) Minerals

43. This soil layer is made up of humus
A) R Horizon
B) A Horizon
C) B Horizon
D) C Horizon
Answer:
B) A Horizon

44. Soil is formed from
A) Rocks
B) Sand
C) Clay
D) Pebbles
Answer:
A) Rocks

45. Percolation rate of water is highest in
A) Rocky soil
B) Black soil
C) Sandy soil
D) Clayey soil
Answer:
C) Sandy soil

46. Percolation rate of water is lowest in
A) Black soil
B) Sandy soil
C) Clayey soil
D) All the above
Answer:
C) Clayey soil

47. Water holding capacity of soil depends on
A) Soil type
B) Rain
C) Place
D) None
Answer:
A) Soil type

48. Below the ‘O’ Horizon and above the ‘B’ Horizon this is found
A) B Horizon
B) A Horizon
C) C Horizon
D) R Horizon
Answer:
B) A Horizon

49. Percolation rate is highest in
A) Sandy soil
B) Clayey
C) Loamy
D) All
Answer:
A) Sandy soil

50. Removal of top soil by wind, water is called
A) soil profile
B) soil fertility
C) percolation
D) soil erosion
Answer:
D) soil erosion

51. Wheat, gram, and paddy are grown In
A) Sandy soil
B) Black soil
C) Clayey and loamy
D) All
Answer:
C) Clayey and loamy

52. This is called regolith
A) R Horizon
B) C Horizon
C) A Horizon
D) O Horizon
Answer:
B) C Horizon

53. This is called sub soil
A) B Horizon
B) C Horizon
C) R Horizon
D) O Horizon
Answer:
A) B Horizon

54. Study of soil is called
A) Morphology
B) Pedology
C) Biology
D) Ecology
Answer:
B) Pedology

55. Cotton is grown in
A) sandy
B) clayey
C) sandy loam
D) heavy loam
Answer:
C) sandy loam

56. The factors responsible for soil erosion
A) wind
B) water
C) deforestation
D) all of these
Answer:
D) all of these

57. It is also called top soil
A) A-horizon
B) B-horizon
C) C-horizon
D) R-horizon
Answer:
A) A-horizon

58. Animals plants and microbes activities are more in this horizon
A) A-horizon
B) R-horizon
C) C-horizon
D) 0-horizon
Answer:
A) A-horizon

59. The right sequence of horizons of the soil from top to bottom is
A) A, B, C, O, R
B) O, A, B, C, R
C) C, A, B, O, R
D) R, C, B, A, O
Answer:
B) O, A, B, C, R

60. Read the statements:
P : Water percolation rate is more to sandy soil.
Q : Water percolation rate is more to loamy soil.
A) Only P is correct
B) Only Q is correct
C) P & Q are correct
D) P & Q are wrong
Answer:
A) Only P is correct

II. Fill in the mlanks

1. The scientific study of soil is called …………….. .
2. The upper most layer of earth’s crust is …………….. .
3. The pleasant smell after the rain is known as …………….. .
4. The substance responsible for petrichor scent is …………….. .
5. Geosmin is produced by …………….. .
6. The breakdown of parent rock into small particles by the action of wind, water, heat and climate is known as …………….. .
7. The process of formation of soil from weathering is known as …………….. .
8. Natural weathering takes a time period of …………….. .
9. Dead and decayed organic matter that mixes with soil is called …………….. .
10. The factors that contribute to soil composition are called …………….. .
11. The science dealing with the influence of soil on organisms, especially on plants is called …………….. .
12. In soil profile, bed rock is present in …………….. horizon.
13. In soil profile, surface litter is present in …………….. horizon
14. …………….. horizon consists of broken rocks with very little organic matter.
15. …………….. soil is less aerated and water held longer.
16. …………….. soil has good aeration, water held but drains slowly.
17. …………….. soil is well aerated and drains quickly.
18. The ratio of the mass of water held in the soil is called …………….. .
19. Paddy is grown in …………….. soil.
20. Cotton is grown in …………….. soil.
21. Cashew is grown in …………….. soil.
22. …………….. is very useful to the farmers to know about the current health of the farm’s soil and how to improve it.
23. Preventing the degradation of soil is known as …………….. .
24. The loss of fertile top soil due to heavy winds and floods is known as …………….. .
25. Water action decade is …………….. .
26. The process of entry of water into the ground is called …………….. .
27. The upper level at which water stands in the ground is called …………….. .
28. The percentage of water present in seas and oceans is …………….. .
29. The percentage of fresh water present on earth is …………….. .
30. The wells, tube wells and hand pumps get water from …………….. .
31. Indiscriminate digging of bore wells leads to …………….. .
32. During purification of water, …………….. chemicals are used for disinfection.
33. Percolation tanks, check dams and contour trenches are helpful in …………….. .
34. Digudu Bavulu are very helpful in …………….. .
35. Best method to prevent soil erosion is …………….. .
Answer:

1. Pedology
2. soil
3. petrichor scent
4. geosmin
5. the spores of Actinomycetes
6. weathering
7. Pedogenesis
8. 500 -1000 years
9. Humus
10. edaphic factors
11. Edaphology
12. R
13. O
14. C
15. Clayey
16. Loamy
17. Sandy
18. moisture content
19. clayey
20. black
21. sandy
22. Soil testing
23. soil conservation
24. Soil erosion
25. 2018-2028
26. infiltration
27. Water table
28. 97%
29. 3% only
30. Aquifer
31. depletion of ground water table
32. chlorine and bleaching powder
33. recharge ground water
34. reviving of ground water
35. planting trees

III. Match the following.

1.

Answer:

2.

Answer:

3.

Answer:

4.

Answer:

5.

Answer:

Do You Know?

→ The pleasant smell ‘after the rain’ is known as petrichor scent. It is due to raising of substance called Geosmin from the soil into the air, when it rains. It is produced by the spores’of by Actinomycetes bacteria.

→ The science dealing with the influence of soil on organisms, especially on plants is called Edaphology. The factors that contribute to soil composition are called edaphic factors.

→ Engineers test the soil profile before constructing multi-storeyed buildings, bridges and dams. They conduct environmental site assessment and make predictions on long term effect of soil on the constructions and give necessary suggestions.

→ Water action decade 2018-2028 :
The UN General Assembly announced that the world will face 40 percent shortfall in fresh water resources by 2030 coupled with a rising world population the world is rushing towards a global water crisis. Recognizing the growing challenge of water scarcity UNO launched the Water Action Decade ( 2018-2028) on 22 March 2018, to mobilize action that will help and transform our vision of management of water.

→ Do you know how modern water purifiers work? Modern Water purifiers that are used to purify water at home have a filter unit and facilities to let Ultra Violet rays to. pass through. Ultra Violet rays are used instead of chlorine treatment to kill the germs.

These AP 7th Class Science Important Questions 10th Lesson Changes Around Us will help students prepare well for the exams.

AP Board 7th Class Science 10th Lesson Important Questions and Answers Changes Around Us

Question 1.
What is a natural change?
Answer:
The change that is brought about by nature itself is called a natural change.

Question 2.
What are man made changes? Give two examples.
Answer:

1. Changes which are taken place by the involvement of human beings are called man made changes.
2. Examples for man made changes are cooking of rice, construction of buildings, preparation of laddu.

Question 3.
What are fast changes? Give examples.
Answer:

1. Changes which occur in short duration of time are called fast changes.
2. Burning of paper, cutting of piece of cake, firing of crackers, spinning of a top are the examples of fast changes.

Question 4.
What are the slow changes? Give examples.
Answer:

1. Changes which take longer duration of time to happen are called slow changes.
2. Examples for slow changes are growing of plant from seed to a tree, developmental changes in the child, rusting of iron, changes of season, formation of mountain etc.

Question 5.
What are reversible changes? Give examples.
Answer:

1. The changes in which the formed substance can be converted into their original substance are called reversible changes.
2. Example for reversible changes are melting of wax, magnetizing a needle using bar magnet etc.

Question 6.
What are irreversible changes? Give examples.
Answer:

1. Changes in which we cannot get the original substance by reversing the experimental conditions are called irreversible changes.
2. Examples are burning of wood, burning of diwali crackers, ripening of fruits, rusting of iron etc.

Question 7.
What are periodic changes? Give examples.
Answer:

1. The changes which are repeating at regular intervals of time are called as periodic changes.
2. Formation of the full moon and new moon, occurrence of seasons in every year at regular intervals, the heart beats of human beings are examples for periodic changes.

Question 8.
What are non-periodic changes? Give examples.
Answer:

1. Changes which do not occur at regular intervals of time and which can not be predicted are called non-periodic changes.
2. Examples are pattern of rainfall, storms in seas, volcanic erruptions etc.

Question 9.
“In a physical change, the chemical properties of a substance do not change.” Do you agree with this statement? How?
Answer:

1. Yes, I agree with this statement.
2. Why because, when a piece of gold is melted, it’s chemical composition remains the same in the solid form and also in the liquid form.

Question 10.
“A physical change is usually temporary and reversible in nature” – Do you agree with this statement? State the reason.
Answer:

1. I absolutely agree with this statement.
2. It is because, when water is heated, water vapours are formed. Once water vapours are cooled water can be obtained again.

Question 11.
“In a physical change, change in physical properties such as colour, shape and size of a substance may under go a change”. Do you support this statement? Why?
Answer:

1. I support this statement.
2. In cutting of vegetables changing physical properties, such as colour, shape and size of a substance.

Question 12.
What is galvanization?
Answer:
The process of deposition of a layer of zinc on iron is called “Galvanization.”

Question 13.
What is a chemical change? Give one example.
Answer:

1. Changes that occur with the formation of new substance with different chemical composition or transformation of a substance into another substance with the evolution or absorption of heat or light energy are called as chemical changes.
2. Example when Magnesium burns in the presence of oxygen, it forms magnesium oxide in the form of powdered ash.
   Magnesium + oxygen → Magnesium oxide

Question 14.
What is rusting?
Answer:

1. When ron reacts with atmospheric oxygen and moisture it forms a new substance called Iron oxide as rust on iron articles made of iron.
2. This process is known as rusting.
   Iron + oxygen (from air) + water → rust (iron oxide)

Question 15.
What are the reasons for global warming?
Answer:

1. Global warming is due to drastic increase in the emission of carbondioxide by the burning of fossil fuels.
2. Deforestation.

Question 16.
What are the reasons for acid rains?
Answer:

1. When coal and oils are burnt, they release acidic gases like NO₂ and SO₂.
2. They mix up with the water vapour and come down as acid rains.

Question 17.
The changes like chicks came out of eggs, blossoming flowers etc. are very pretty to see. List out such changes around you feel happy on observation.
Answer:

1. Swarming of honeybees
2. Rainbow formation
3. Clouds passing across the mountains.
4. Rows of birds flying in the sky.

Question 18.
Give examples for metals that do not rust.
Answer:

1. Metals like gold, silver, zinc do not rust even though they are exposed to moist air.
2. Zinc is used in Galvanization process to prevent rusting of iron articles.

Question 19.
How can you say that rusting is a chemical change?
Answer:

1. When the metals are exposed to air, they form metal oxides.
2. Hence, as new substances are formed, rusting is a chemical change.

Question 20.
Observe the following changes and decode weather they are physical or chemical changes? Mention the reason, a) Preparation of tea b) Making dough for roti.
Answer:
a) This is a chemical change. Water + Milk + Tea powder + Sugar → Tea Here tea is a new substance. Hence it is a chemical change,

b) Making dough for roti is a physical change as there is no formation of new substance.

Question 21.
How is an iron gate prevented from rusting?
Answer:

1. Iron gate when exposed to moisture and air gets rusted.
2. To prevent rusting of Iron gates it should be painted with a paint.

7th Class Science 10th Lesson Changes Around Us Short Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What are the examples for natural changes?
Answer:

1. Formation of day and night
2. Changes of weather.
3. Developmental changes of a child into an adult. ‘
4. rowth of a seed into a plant.

Question 2.
How can we prevent browning of cut fruits and vegetables?
Answer:

1. By keeping the cut vegetables in cold water, we can prevent browning of them.
2. Cold water prevents the outer surface of the potato and brinjal from colouring.
3. Small quantities of acids like vinegar or lemon juice in water will also prevent browning of vegetables.
4. We can also rub the surface of cut fruits with juices of citrus fruits like lemon to avoid from browning.
5. Ascorbic acid can also be used to prevent browning.

Question 3.
What is the reason for browning of vegetables in our daily life?
Answer:

1. Some fruits and vegetables like potato and brinjal, when they cut react with oxygen in air.
2. The process of reaction with oxygen is called oxidation.
3. Due to this oxidation process, brown layer is formed on the surface of fruits and vegetables.

Question 4.
What are the harmful physical and chemical changes in environment?
Answer:

1. Plastic decomposition
2. Acid rains
3. Global warming
4. Oil spills in seas and rivers
5. Earthquakes and
6. Floods are some of the harmful physical and chemical changes in environment.

Question 5.
What changes might have we noticed in our daily life?
Answer:

1. The colour ,of tender leaf changing from red to green.
2. Hard raw fruit becoming soft ripen fruit.
3. Colour changes observed in slices of brinjal and apple after being cut.
4. Change of milk into the curd.
5. Ash produced on burning paper.
6. Raw rice becoming soft after cooking etc.

Question 6.
What questions would you pose to your teacher about changes around us?
Answer:

1. Why changes occur around us?
2. Why would we depend on changes in the nature?
3. What would happen if changes do not occur?
4. How changes in the nature influence us?

Question 7.

What type of change is it? Is itreversible? If so, how?
Answer:

1. Ice slowly melts and becomes water.
2. On further heating water changes to steam.
3. This is a physical change.
4. No new substance is formed.
5. The change is reversible. If we reduce the temperature the water vapour changes back to water when the temperature is further reduced, it changes to ice.
   

Question 8.
What are the characteristics of a physical change?
Answer:

1. No new substances are formed.
2. It is usually temporary and reversible in nature.
3. The chemical properties of a substance do not change.
4. Change in physical properties such as colour, shape and size of a substance may undergo a change.

Question 9.
What are the characteristics of a chemical change?
Answer:

1. During chemical change new substance are formed.
2. It is a permanent change and irreversible in nature.
3. Chemical composition of the substances changes.
4. Heat, light may be released or absorbed.
5. A colour change may take place and sound may be produced.

Question 10.
Where do you see the iron pilar that is not rusted for thousands of years? What are the reasons for that?
Answer:

1. We can see an iron pillar at the Qutub complex in Delhi which is not rusted. It is 1600 years old.
2. It is made by 98% wrought iron, a special type of iron that has 1% of phosphorous.
3. It don’t have Sulphur and Magnesium.
4. More over, the pillar is covered by a thin layer of compound called Misawitea.
5. So, rusting of this iron pillar is too slow and it will take thousands of years to get rusted.

Question 11.
What is so special about Lonar Lake?
Answer:

1. The Lonar lake in Buldhana district of Maharashtra was created by plummeting meteor about 5200 years ago.
   
2. The water of Lonar lake turned into pink colour recently due to Haloarchaea microbes present in the salty water.
3. But the colour is not permanent.
4. When the biomass of the microbes settled at the bottom, then the water again becomes transparent.

Questions 12.
Anurag appreciates the changes in ripe mango as “How nice its colour and taste are”? Give some examples of changes that makes you feel happy, or wonder.
Appreciate them in your own words.
Answer:

1. When mango ripens, the contents present in the fruit gives good taste. The change in colour indicates that the fruit is ripend.
2. Similar situations we experience with many fruits like banana, guava, papaya, pine apple … etc.
3. In fact fruits are a gift to human beings as they give instantaneous energy when eaten.
4. Nature is so kind to us to provide such ready made safe foods.

7th Class Science 10th Lesson Changes Around Us Long Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is rust and rusting? Why does iron rust? What type of a change is this?
Answer:

1. When iron nails, iron gates, iron benches or pieces of iron are left is the open ground for a long time, we find a brown layer on the surface of iron articles.
2. This is called rust’ and process of forming this layer is called rusting.
3. When iron is exposed to air for a long time, the Oxygen present in air reacts with it in the presence of moist air and forms a new substance called iron oxide as rust on iron articles. This process is known as rusting.
   Iron + Oxygen (from air) + Water → rust (Iron oxide)
4. As a new substance is formed in this change, we call it a chemical change.

Question 2.
Answer the following questions.
The gas we use in kitchen is in the form of liquid in the cylinder. When it comes out from the cylinder it becomes a gas (step-I), then it burns (step-II).
Choose the correct statement from the following.
a. Only step – I is a chemical change.
b. Only step – II is a chemical change.
c. Both steps – I & II are chemical changes.
d. Both steps – I & II are physical changes.
Answer:
a) Step -1 – is a physical change (not a chemical change)
b) Step – II – is a chemical change (It is correct)

c) Both steps I & II – are chemical changes.
This is not correct.
Step – I – Physical change and
Step – II – Chemical Change is correct.

d) Both steps I & II – are physical changes – This is not correct.
Step I – Physical change
Step II – Chemical change.

Question 3.
What are periodic changes? Explain briefly.
Answer:

1.  If we observe that every change mentioned is the table repeats after some period of time.
2. Such changes are known as periodic changes.
3. The events which repeat at regular intervals of time are called periodic events.

Question 4.
What is Galvanisation? Explain its importance.
Answer:

1. Some articles made up of iron, don’t get rusted even they are exposed to air.
2. To prevent iron articles from coming into contact with oxygen in air or water or both, we deposit a layer of a metal like Chromium or Zinc on them.
3. This process of depositing a layer of zinc or Chromium on Iron is called Galvanisation.
4. Generally we use Zinc for such type of coatings.
5. We find in our house that water pipe lines are without rust on them.
6. If we observe carefully, we notice that there is some metallic coating on these pipes to prevent rusting.
7. They do not get rusted even after a long time since they are galvanized.
8. The process of depositing one metal on another metal is called galvanisation.

Question 5.
Write the environmental issues due to physical and chemical changes.
Answer:
Physical and chemical changes occur all around us. These changes are essential parts of our daily lives. However a few of the physical and chemical changes that occur daily are harmful to the environment.

For example

1. Plastic decomposition, global warming, effects of acid rain and oil spills, earthquakes, floods etc.
2. Plastic waste is a widely recognised source of pollution. Most plastics are non- biodegradable. They take hundreds of years to decompose. Hence their disposal causes pollution.
3. Global warming is due to drastic increase in the emission of carbon dioxide by the burning of fossil fuels. The climate change affects not only the atmosphere and living things on land but also creatures of ocean.
4. Acidic gases are produced when fossil fuels such as coal and oil are burned in power station, factories and homes.
5. Oil spills occur when liquid petroleum is released into the environment by human interference causing damage to creatures of ocean.
6. Changes are quite common in nature. Human beings are misusing the natural re-sources for their needs.
7. But we should take care that our needs should not bring drastic changes that causes harm to the nature and mankind.

AP Board 7th Class Science 10th Lesson 1 Mark Bits Questions and Answers Changes Around Us

I. Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer and write its letters in the brackets.

1. Change in the shape of balloon is done by bibwing air into it. This is a……
A) manmade change
B) natural change
C) chemical change
D) periodic change.
Answer:
A) manmade change

2. Which of the following is not a man made-change?
A) preparation of bricks
B) making of paper
C) weaving of clothes
D) growing of nails
Answer:
D) growing of nails

3. Which of the following is not a fast change?
A) burning of paper
B) firing of crackers
C) making of a cake
D) spinning of a top
Answer:
C) making of a cake

4. The change happens in less time is.
A) slow change
B) fast change
C) periodic change
D) non periodic change.
Answer:
B) fast change

5. Which of the following is not reversible?
A) Weight suspended from a spring
B) Water changed to water vapour
C) Inflating of a balloon
D) Burning of a coal
Answer:
D) Burning of a coal

6. On …………… ice converts to water
A) heating
B) cooling
C) freezing
D) evaporating
Answer:
A) heating

7. some changes we cannot regain the original substance, these are.
A) manmade change
B) natural change
C) irreversible change
D) reversible change
Answer:
C) irreversible change

8. Limewater
A) Calcium Hydroxide
B) Sodium hydroxide
C) Potassium hydroxide
D) Carbonic acid
Answer:
A) Calcium Hydroxide

9. Which of the following is an irreversible change?
A) burning of wood
B) burning of Diwali crackers
C) ripening of fruits
D) all
Answer:
D) all

10. Which gas is released when lemon juice reacts with baking soda?
A) oxygen
B) carbon dioxide
C) nitrogen
D)water vapour
Answer:
B) carbon dioxide

11. These changes are repeating at regular intervals of time.
A) slow change
B) fast change
C) periodic change
D) non periodic change.
Answer:
C) periodic change

12. Changes which do not occur at regular intervals of time and which cannot be predicted are called
A) slow change
B) fast change
C) periodic change
D) non periodic change
Answer:
D) non periodic change

13. Crystallization requires
A) heating
B) cooling
C) evaporating
D) A or C
Answer:
A) heating

14. In crystallization….
A) no new substances are formed.
B) new substances are formed.
C) no heating is required
D) none
Answer:
A) no new substances are formed.

15. Crystallization is
A) chemical change
B) physical change
C) periodic change
D) non periodic change
Answer:
B) physical change

16. Choose correct answer.
S: Crystallization is a Physical Change.
R: In crystallization no new substances are formed.
A) S and R are correct.
B) S and R are incorrect.
C) S is correct and R is incorrect.
D) S is incorrect and R is correct.
Answer:
A) S and R are correct.

17. Which change takes place when ice cube melts?
A) colour
B) phase
C) chemical
D) all
Answer:
B) phase

18. When a piece of gold is melted?
A) no new substances are formed.
B) new substances are formed.
C) chemical composition changes
D) none
Answer:
A) no new substances are formed.

19. When a piece of gold is melted, its chemical composition in the Solid form and also in the liquid form.
A) changes
B) varies
C) remains same
D) different
Answer:
C) remains same

20. In physical change ……….. changes.
A) shape
B) colour
C) size
D) all
Answer:
D) all

21. It is not a characteristic of a physical change…
A) No new substances are formed
B) Temporary and reversible in nature.
C) The chemical properties of a substance do not change.
D) It is a periodic change.
Answer:
D) It is a periodic change.

22. In curdling of milk is
A) a physical change
B) reversible change
C) chemical change
D) temporary change
Answer:
C) chemical change

23. When magnesium burns in the presence of oxygen, it forms magnesium oxide
A) magnesium oxide
B) magnesium chloride
C) carbon dioxide
D) none
Answer:
A) magnesium oxide

24. Magnesium Hydroxide is…..
A) an acid
B) a base
C) a neutral
D) none
Answer:
B) a base

25. Characteristic of a chemical change
A) During chemical change new substances are formed.
B) It is a permanent change and irreversible in nature.
C) Chemical composition of the substance changes.
D) All
Answer:
D) All

26. In chemical change which is not happens.
A) Heat, light may be released or absorbed.
B) A colour change may take place and sound may be produced.
C) Original substances may be formed on reversing the process
D) None
Answer:
C) Original substances may be formed on reversing the process

27. Rusting of iron requires
A) moisture
B) air
C) both
D) none
Answer:
C) both

28. Rust is…
A) iron oxide
B) calcium chloride
C) iron peroxide
D) above all
Answer:
A) iron oxide

29. Oxidization is observed in
A) iron articles
B) apples
C) brinjal
D) none
Answer:
D) none

30. Which of the following is used to prevent browning of the outer surface of the potato and brinjal?
A) cold water
B) lemon juice
C) ascorbic acid
D) above all
Answer:
D) above all

31. Which of the following is used in galvanizing?
A) zinc
B) chromium
C) A & C
D) none
Answer:
C) A & C

32. This process of deposition of a layer of zinc on iron is called
A) oxidation
B) galvanization
C) crystallization
D) none
Answer:
B) galvanization

33. Due to this process of brown layer is formed on the surface of fruits and vegetables.
A) oxidation
B) galvanization
C) crystallization
D) none
Answer:
A) oxidation

34. Which of the following is a useful change?
A) global warming
B) acid rain
C) plastic decomposition
D) fermentation
Answer:
D) fermentation

35. Which of the following occurs due to drastic increase in the emission of carbon dioxide by the burning of fossil fuels
A) global warming
B) floods
C) earth quakes
D) fermentation
Answer:
A) global warming

36. Ice converting to water, water converting to steam are ………. changes.
A) reversible
B) chemical
C) periodic
D) all
Answer:
A) reversible

37. Ripening of fruits is ………….. change.
A) reversible
B) physical
C) periodic
D) irreversible
Answer:
D) irreversible

38. The change occurs only in Size, colour and shape of the substance and no change in chemical composition are called ………….. changes
A) chemical
B) physical
C) periodic
D) irreversible
Answer:
B) physical

39. ………. change occurs with the formation of new substance in different chemical composition.
A) Reversible
B) Physical
C) Periodic
D) Chemical
Answer:
D) Chemical

40. The process of depositihg zinc on iron metals is called
A) oxidation
B) galvanization
C) rusting
D) crystallization
Answer:
B) galvanization

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. The changes which were taken place by the involvement of human beings are called ………………. change.
2. Changes which occur in ………………. duration of time are called fast changes.
3. Changes which takes longer duration of time to happen are called ………………. Change.
4. Changing of vegetable to curry : slow reaction:: changing of acid into vapour ………………. .
5. On ………………. water converts to ice.
6. The changes in which the formed substance can be converted into their ………………. are called reversible changes.
7. ………………. changes Limewater into milky white.
8. Vinegar + Baking Soda → Sodium acetate + ………………. + water
9. ………………. + Lime water → Calcium carbonate + water
10. Changes in which we cannot get the original substance by reversing the experimental conditions are called ………………. Changes.
11. ………………. changes are repeating at regular intervals of time .
12. The process of separating a soluble solid from the solution by heating or evaporating is called ………………. .
13. A ………………. is usually temporary and reversible in nature.
14. The substances which undergo change in colour or state or size or shape are ………………. .
15. When a Magnesium ribbon burns it gives ………………. light leaving a powdery substance behind.
16. ………………. + Water → Magnesium Hydroxide
17. Changes that occur with the formation of new substance with different chemical composition or transformation of a substance into another substance with the evolution or absorption of heat or light energy are termed as ………………. .
18. Iron + Oxygen (from air) + Water → ……………….
19. Apply a coat of paint or grease on iron articles. Prevents ………………. .
20. To prevent iron articles from coming contact with oxygen in air and water, a layer of another metal like ………………. is coated on them.
21. The process of deposition of a layer of zinc on iron is called ………………. .
22. Browning is not only observed on iron articles but also on cut fruits and ………………. .
23. Rubbing of the surface of cut fruits with ………………. to avoid from browning.
24. The process of reaction with ………………. is called oxidation.
25. ………………. waste is a widely recognized source of pollution.
26. ………………. gases are produced when fossil fuels such as coal and oil are burned in power station, factories and homes.
27. Oil spills occur when ………………. is released into the environment.
28. Formation of day and night, occurrence of seasons are ………………. changes.
29. Curding of milk : useful changes :: ………………. : harmful change.
Answer:

1. 1. man-made
2. short
3. slow
4. fast reaction
5. cooling
6. original substance
7. Carbon dioxide
8. carbon dioxide
9. Carbon dioxide
10. irreversible
11. periodic changes
12. crystallization
13. physical change
14. physical changes
15. brilliant white dazzling
16. Magnesium Oxide
17. chemical change
18. rust (Iron oxide)
19. rusting of iron
20. chromium or zinc
21. Galvanization
22. vegetables
23. juices of citrus fruits
24. oxygen
25. Plastic
26. Acidic
27. liquid petroleum
28. periodic
29. global warming

III. Match the following.

1.

Answer:

2.

Answer:

3.

Answer:

4.

Answer:

5.

Answer:

Do You Know?

→ Belum caves are naturally formed caves located near Kolimigundla mandal of Kurnool district. These are the second largest caves in Indian subcontinent after Meghalaya state caves. The name is derived from Bilum” Sanskrit word for caves. The caves reach its deepest point (120 feet from entrance level) at the point known as “Paathalaganga” only 1.5 km is open to tourists. In 1988 Andhra Pradesh Tourism , Development Corporation (APTDC) declared them protected and developed the caves as a tourist attraction in February 2002. Borra Caves are also famous natural caves located at Visakhapatnam District.

→ The Lonar lake in Buldhana district of Maharashtra was created by plummeting meteor about 5200 years ago. The water of Lonar lake turned into pink colour recently due to Haloarchaea microbes present in the salty water. But the colour is not permanent. When the biomass of the microbes settled at the bottom, then the water again becomes transparent.

→ The Iron pillar at Delhi :
Amazingly there is an iron that did not rust! There is an iron pillar at the Qutub complex in Delhi which is more than 1600 years old. Even after such a long period, the iron pillar kept in open space has hot rusted at all. Do you know how? It is made by wrought iron which contains more amounts of phosphorus than usual. The main reason for rust resistance is due to the formation of Iron hydrogen phosphate on its surface. So its takes more time to rest. That’s why still the iron pillar at Delhi did not get rust.

These AP 7th Class Science Important Questions 9th Lesson Heat, Temperature and Climate will help students prepare well for the exams.

AP Board 7th Class Science 9th Lesson Important Questions and Answers Heat, Temperature and Climate

Question 1.
What is heat?
Answer:
Heat is a form of energy which flows from hotter body (higher energy) to cooler body (lower energy).

Question 2.
How is heat measured?
Answer:
Heat is measured in Joules or calories with calorimeter.

Question 3.
What is temperature?
Answer:
The degree of hotness or coldness is called temperature.

Question 4.
How do we call the variations of hotness, coldness?
Answer:
The variations of hotness, coldness can be termed as degree of hotness and coldness.

Question 5.
What are the units of temperature?
Answer:
Temperature is measured in degrees of Celsius, degrees of Fahrenheit or Kelvin using a thermometer.

Question 6.
What is the SI unit of temperature?
Answer:
The SI unit of temperature is kelvin (K).

Question 7.
Write the different modes of transfer of heat?
Answer:

1. Conduction of heat
2. Convection of heat
3. Radiation of heat.

Question 8.
What is conduction?
Answer:
The process of transfer of heat from hotter to colder end through the conductor is called conduction.

Question 9.
What is convection of heat?
Answer:
The process of transfer of heat from source of heat to surface by the motion of par¬ticles is called “convection of heat”.

Question 10.
What is radiation of heat?
Answer:
The process of transfer of heat in the form of waves is called radiation.

Question 11.
What is thermal contact?
Answer:
The contact which transfers heat by any mode is called Thermal contact.

Question 12.
What is the condition for conduction of heat?
(OR)
When does conduction take place?
Answer:
Conduction takes place, only when the conductor is in touch (contact) with the source of heat. The contact which transfers heat by any mode is called Thermal contact. Conduction doesn’t take place without thermal contact.

Question 13.
What are called convectional currents?
Answer:
Heat is transferred by means of currents called convectional currents.

Question 14.
How does heat transfer in liquids and gases?
Answer:
In liquids and gases heat is transmitted by mode of convection of heat.

Question 15.
What is a medium?
Answer:
The material which helps in transfer of heat from one place to another is called a medium. Solid, liquid and gaseous substances act as medium for transfer of heat.

Question 16.
How does heat transfer if there is no medium?
Answer:
Heat transfer, in the form of waves from one place to another. It does not require any medium.

Question 17.
Write one application of radiation of heat.
(OR)
How does a thermal scanner work?
Answer:
The thermal scanner receives the heat in the form of radiation to measure our body temperature.

Question 18.
What happens if we heat and cool a metal?
Answer:
The metal expands on heating and contracts on cooling.

Question 19.
Which device is used to measure the temperature?
Answer:
Thermometers are used to measure temperature. .

Question 20.
Based on which principle a Thermometer does work?
Answer:
Thermometer works on the expansion of liquids (mercury).

Question 21.
Where the thermometers are used?
Answer:
People use thermometers in homes, hospitals, automobiles, industries and restaurants etc., to measure temperatures of different objects and substances.

Question 22.
Which is essential for our healthy living? (OR) Why should we protect environment?
Answer:
A clean environment is essential for heaithy living. So, we want a concrete plan to protect environment.

Question 23.
Why does alcohol use in thermometer? (OR)How can a alcohol thermometer mea-sures very low temperatures?
Answer:
The freezing point of alcohol is less than -100°C. So, it can be used to measure very low temperatures.

Question 24.
Write the different types of thermometers?
Answer:
The different types of thermometers are Clinical Thermometer, Laboratory Thermometer, Digital Thermometer and Six’s makimum and minimum thermometer.

Question 25.
Which instrument is used to measure the maximum (highest) and minimum (lowest) temperatures of a place in a day?
Answer:
Six’s maximum and minimum thermometer is one of the Meteorological Instruments used to measure maximum (highest) and minimum (lowest) temperatures of a place in a day.

Question 26.
What is the normal temperature of the human body?
Answer:
The normal temperature,of the human body is 37°C or 98.4°F.

Question 27.
Why does smoke and hot air move up?
Answer:
Smoke and hot air moves up because it expands and becomes lighter. . .

Question 28.
What is the use of ventilators in our house?
Answer:
Smoke and hot air moves up because it expands and becomes lighter through ventila¬tors and exhaust fans on the upper parts of the wall.

Question 29.
What happens to the air on heating?
Answer:
On heating, the air expands, occupying more space and becomes lighter.

Question 30.
What happens when air is compressed?
Answer:
The air pressure becomes more when air is compressed.

7th Class Science 9th Lesson Heat, Temperature and Climate Short Questions and Answers

Question 1.
When do we feel hot and cool?
Answer:

1. The heat when heat energy flows from hotter body to our body. We feel hot. Here we gain heat energy from the hotter body.
2. We feel cool, when heat energy flows from our body to colder body. Here, we lose heat energy.

Question 2.
How does heat flow? How do we determine its direction?
Answer:

1. Heat flows from a body of high temperature to a body of low temperature.
2. This direction is determined by temperature. ‘

Question 3.
How do we written degree of Celsius, degree of Fahrenheit and Kelvin?
Answer:

1. Degree Celsius: Celsius is written as °C and read as degree Celsius.
2. Degree Fahrenheit: Fahrenheit is written as °F and read as degree fahrenheit.
3. Kelvin is written as K and read as Kelvin.

Question 4.
What is Air pressure? How does it measure? What are the effects of the air pres-sure?
Answer:
Air pressure:
The force applied by air on any surface in contact is called “air pressure”.

Measuring of air pressure:
Air pressure is measured in height of mercury level in centimeters, and it is measured with a barometer. Now a days aneroid barometers are used to measure air pressure.

Effects of air pressure:
The air pressure becomes more when it is compressed. When air expands and rises up it creates low pressure, which drives the air high pressure from surrounding to move and occupy that place.

Question 5.
Why are cooking utensils made of metals while their handles are made of plastic or wood?
Answer:

1. Some materials allow heat through them, this property is called conductivity.
2. We use metals to make cooking vessels because they allow heat through them.
3. We use material which does not allow heat to pass through as handles.
4. So, cooking utensils made of metals while their handles are made of plastic or wood.

Question 6.
Write four applications of expansion of metals on heating.
Answer:

1. The electric power lines (wires) are held loose on poles
2. Rollers are kept under the beams of metal bridges
3. Mercury is used in thermometers
4. Small gaps are left between rails in railway tracks

Question 7.
Write the different modes of transfer of heat?
Answer:
Transfer of heat is in different types of materials. Heat gets transferred in three different modes, They are

1. Conduction of heat
2. Convection of heat
3. Radiation of heat

1) Conduction of heat:
This process of transfer of heat from hotter to colder end through the conductor is called conduction. This mode of transfer of heat happens more in solid conductors.

2) Convection of heat:
This process of transfer of heat from source of heat to surface by the motion of particles is called “convection of heat”. In liquids and gases heat is transmitted by mode of convection of heat.

3) Radiation of heat:
This process of transfer of heat in the form of waves is called radiation. Radiation does not need any material medium. Sun’s heat transfers to earth in the form of radiation.

Question 8.
Write the differences between good conductors and poor conductors?
Answer:

Question 9.
How does a thermos flask work?
(OR)
Describe working of a thermos flask.
Answer:

1. Thermos flaSk has a two layered glass container and the air between these layers is removed to create vacuum.
2. The inner silver coating protects the contents (tea, coffee, milk) poured in the flask from losing heat through radiation.
3. As there is no medium between the walls of the flask. Neither conduction nor con-vection of heat takes place.
4. As a result, heat is not transferred outside the flask so it is retained inside the flask for a few hours.

Question 10.
What is the reason for in the expansion of rails, mercury in thermometer, air inside the puri etc?
Answer:

1. This is due to increase in the energy of particles present in these substances.
2. Particles of substances occupy more space when they get heated.
3. This is the reason for in the expansion of rails, mercury in thermometer, air inside the puri etc.

Question 11.
How does hot air balloon work?
Answer:

1. Warm air is lighter than cold air.
2. This property of air is used in flying of hot air balloons,
3. It contains a bag which is called as envelope, and it is filled with heated air.
4. There is a basket under the envelope which carries passengers and a source of heat.

Question 12.
Why mercury is used in thermometers?
Answer:
Mercury is used in thermometers, because it has the best properties to measure temperature.
Those are

1. It’s expansion is uniform.
2. It is bpaque and shining.
3. It does not stick to the sides of glass tube.
4. It is a good conductor of heat.
5. It has a high boiling point (357°C) and a low freezing point (-39°C). Hence a wide range of temperatures can be measured using a mercury.

Question 13.
Why alcohol is used in thermometers?
Answer:
Alcohol is used in thermometers, because it has the best properties to measure temperature. Those are

1. The freezing point of alcohol is less than -100°C.
2. So, it can be used to measure very low temperatures.
3. It’s expansion per degree Celsius rise in temperature is very large.
4. It can be colored brightly and hence is easily visible.

Question 14.
What are the melting point of ice and boiling point of water in different scales?
Answer:
1) Celsius scale :
Melting point of ice is 0°C and boiling point of water is 100°C

2) Fahrenheit scale :
Melting point of ice is 32°F and boiling point of water is 212°F

3) Kelvin scale :
Melting point bf ice is 273K and boiling point of water is 373K

Question 15.
Write the Formulas for temperature conversion 1) Celsius to Fahrenheit 2) Celsius to Kelvin.
Answer:

Question 16.
Explain two applications of transfer of heat.
Answer:
Thermal scanning:
The thermal scanner receives the heat in the form of radiation to measure our body temperature.

Thermos flask:
It has a two layered glass container and the air between these layers is removed to create vacuum. The inner silver coating protects the contents (tea, coffee, milk) poured in the flask from losing heat through radiation. As there is no medium between the walls of the flask. Neither conduction nor convection of heat takes place. As a result, heat is not transferred outside the flask so it is retained inside the flask for a few hours.

Question 17.
Fill in the table with suitable answers.

Answer:

Question 18.
What is the use of a Clinical Thermometer? How it convenient to record the reading?
Answer:

1. Clinical Thermometer is used in hospitals to measure the temperature of the human body.
2. It has a kink that prevents the mercury from flowing back into the bulb when it was taken out of the patient’s mouth.
3. This helps to record the temperature conveniently.

Question 19.
Where a Laboratory Thermometer is used? How it is better than the clinical ther-mometer?
(OR)
Describes laboratory Thermometer.
Answer:

1. Laboratory Thermometer is used in school labs, industries etc. to measure temperature. It has no kink.
2. It is made of a long stem and the bulb of mercury, so it can measure higher tempera-tures than clinical thermometer.

Question 20.
How does a Digital Thermometer work?
Answer:

1. Digital Thermometer works without Mercury.
2. It has a display which shows readings directly.
3. It is very easy to use it, we can use it by just pressing on/off button present on it.
4. Even children can also handle this one.

Question 21.
How do you use a clinical thermometer and a laboratory thermometer?
Answer:
Clinical thermometer

1. Wash the clinical thermometer properly with an antiseptic solution.
2. To lower the mercury level, hold the thermometer firmly and give some jerks.
3. Ensure that it falls below 35°C. Now place the bulb of the thermometer under your tongue.
4. After one or two minutes, take the thermometer out and note the reading.
5. This is your body temperature.
6. Don’t hold the thermometer by the bulb while reading it.

A Laboratory thermometer:

1. Take cold or hot water in a bowl. Place the mercury bulb of the thermometer in the water so that the bulb immerses in it.
2. Wait for some time till the mercury level shows a constant reading.
3. Note down that reading.

Question 22.
How does sunstroke occur?
(OR)
What happens when humidity increases in the air?
Answer:

1. Evaporation of sweat from our body makes us cool to maintain our body temperature.
2. In summer, the humidity of air is high. Due to high humidity and temperature, it becomes difficult to evaporate the sweat from our body to cool It down.
3. But still our body losses water.
4. High temperatures, along with humidity sometimes may cause heat stroke or sun¬stroke.

Question 23.
What is the first aid for sunstroke?
Answer:
First Aid for sunstroke :

1. Call 108 immediately. Move the victim to a cool ventilated place.
2. Then loosen his dress and remove extra clothing. Put a cold wet towel on his head, back of the neck, on the grain and under the armpits.
3. Fan air over the patient while wetting their skin with water from a sponge or wet cloth. Give plenty of cool, lightly salted water to drink often but in small sips.
4. Help the person stay calm without any anxiety.

Question 24.
What is weather of a place? What are its measuring components?
Answer:

1. The day-to-day variations in the components like temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed are called weather.
2. Maximum and minimum temperature of a day, air pressure, rainfall, wind speed and humidity are called measuring components of weather.

Question 25.
How do Meteorologists decide the climate of the place?
Answer:

1. Meteorologists (scientists who study and work on weather) record weather every day. .
2. These records of the weather have been preserved for the past several decades.
3. They help us to determine the weather pattern of a place.
4. The average weather pattern taken over a long period, say 25 years or more, is called the climate of the place.

Question 26.
Why does climate affect pur life style? What are its measuring components?
Answer:

1. Climate of a place remains unchanged for a long period of time. So, it affects our lifestyle.
2. The measuring components of climate are maximum and minimum temperature of a day, air pressure, rainfall, wind speed and humidity.

Question 27.
What are the differences between weather and climate?
Answer:

Question 28.
How weather and climate is effected our life?
Answer:

1. Daily weather and long-term climatic conditions influence the life style of humans and other living things directly and indirectly.
2. Some of them are diet, clothing, housing, occupations etc.

Question 29.
Doctor put the thermometer in the mouth of Karthikeya’s sister, Neha. By seeing this Karthikeya got some doubts and asked doctor. What could be those doubts?
Answer:

1. What is in the thermometer?
2. How does it show the temperature?
3. How can you say Neha got the fever?
4. How much time shall it place in the mouth?

Question 30.
Guess what will happen if we use the clinical thermometer to measure the temperature of the ice cubes or boiling water?
Answer:
We cannot measure too low and too high temperatures by using a clinical thermometer. It is made for clinical use only, so by using this we can measure from 35°C to 42°C only. If we measure temperature of boiling water or ice cubes it will break or it does not work.

Question 31.
Guess what will happen if a low air pressure is formed in your area?
Answer:
If a low air pressure is formed in our area, air blow from high air pressure area to occupy the low air pressure area. Sometimes this wind causes damage to roofs, trees etc.

Question 32.
Kalyan said that the climate was changed by being seen the dark clouds in the sky. Is the word climate correct in his statement?
Answer:
No. climate is different from weather. The changes occur during the period of some hours is called changing in weather. Climate is average weather conditions of a long period. So he had to use weather instead of climate in his statement.

Question 33.
What will happen, if there is no kink in the clinical thermometer?
Answer:
The kink prevents the mercury from flowing back into the bulb when it was taken out of the patient’s mouth. This helps to record the temperature conveniently. If there is no kink the level of the mercury will fall down in the gap of taking out from the patient and seeing the reading. So, it may show incorrect reading.

Question 34.
What is your observation in the activity of metal spoon with fixed pins and a candle and write the reason.
Answer:
I will observe the dropping of pins one after another from the flame end of the spoon. This is due to the transfer of heat from the end kept in the flame (hotter end) towards your hand (colder end) through a spoon (metal).

Question 35.
What are your observations in the activity of expansion of metal on heating?
Answer:
I will observe movement in the straw. The needle rolls on the second block of wood because of the expansion of the cycle spoke. If we remove the candles the needle rolls back causing movement in the straw opposite to the previous motion.

Question 36.
Read the graph and answer the following questions.

1. Which component was shown in the graph?
Answer:
Temperature

2. On which day the maximum temperatures recorded?
Answer:
On the dates, 1-12-2020 and 2-12-2020 the maximum temperature was recorded.

Question 37.
Take a glass and keep a postcard oh it. Wave your notebook above the post card to displace the air just above the postcard. What is your observation? What is the reason for it?
Answer:
The moving air creates low pressure. Hence the postcard lifts up due to the higher pressure on the card from air inside the glass.

Question 38.
Observe the figure and give answers to the following questions.
1. What mode of transfer of heat is observed in the spoon?
2. What is the source of heat?
3. What will happen after some time?
4. What is the medium here?

Answer:
1. Conduction of heat is observed in the spoon
2. Candle is the source of heat.
3. All the pins will fall down.
4. Metal in the spoon is the medium (solid)

Question 39.
Fill in the table with suitable answers.

Answer:

Question 40.
Fill in the table with suitable answers.

Answer:

Question 41.
Draw the diagram of mercury laboratory thermometer.
Answer:

Question 42.
Draw the diagram of alcohol laboratory thermometer.
Answer:

Question 43.
Draw the diagram of a thermos flask and label its inner parts.
Answer:

44. Draw the diagram showing the arrangement of apparatus to show the expansion of liquids on heating?
Answer:

45. Draw the diagram of Six minimum and maximum temperatures and label the parts.
Answer:

7th Class Science 9th Lesson Heat, Temperature and Climate Long Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Compare different modes of transfer of heat.
Answer:

Question 2.
Write about different types of thermometers.
Answer:
Clinical thermometer:

1. Wash the clinical thermometer properly with an antiseptic solution.
2. To lower the mercury level, hold the thermometer firmly and give some jerks.
3. Ensure that it falls below 35°C. Now place the bulb of the thermometer under your tongue.
4. After one or two minutes, take the thermometer out and note the reading.
5. This is your body temperature.
6. Don’t hold the thermometer by the bulb while reading it.

Laboratory thermometer:

1. Take cold or hot water in a bowl. Place the mercury bulb of the thermometer in the water so that the bulb immerses in it.
2. Wait for some time till the mercury level shows a constant reading.
3. Note down that reading.

Digital Thermometer:

1. It works without mercury.
2. It has a display which shows readings directly.
3. It is very easy to use it.
4. We can use it by just pressing on/off button present on it.
5. Even children can also handle this one.

Six’s maximum and minimum thermometer:

1. It is one of the Meteorological Instruments used to measure maximum (highest) and minimum (lowest) temperatures of a place in a day.
2. It has a cylindrical ‘Bulb A’, and ‘Bulb B’ connected through a ‘U-shaped tube’ con¬taining mercury.
3. Bulb A contains alcohol, and bulb B contains alcohol and its vapours.
4. When the temperature increases, the alcohol in the bulb A expands and pushes the mercury in the U tube, this makes indicator(M) to move up.
5. This indicates the maximum temperature of the day.
6. When the temperature decreases, alcohol in the bulb A contracts and pulls the mercury back.
7. This makes indicator (N) to move up.
8. This indicates the minimum temperature of the day.
9. After taking readings the indicators M and N are brought to their original places by using a magnet.

Question 3.
What is humidity? How does it measure? How does it affect or body? What is the first aid of sunstroke?
Answer:
HumidityAll the evaporated water from different water bodies go into air. This water vapour present in the air is called humidity.

Measurement of humidity:
Hygrometer is used to measure humidity in air and it is expressed in grams per cubic meter.

Effects of humidity:
Evaporation of sweat from our body makes us cool to maintain our body temperature. In summer, the humidity of air is high. Due to high humidity and temperature, it becomes difficult to evaporate the sweat from our body to cool it down. But, still our body losses water. High temperatures, along with humidity sometimes may cause heat stroke or sunstroke.

First Aid for sunstroke:
Call 108 immediately. Move the person out of the heat. Fan while spraying water to cool him. Let the person drink water to rehydrate.

Question 4.
Read the following table and answer the questions.

i) At what temperature, the ice melts? Express in Celsius.
ii) Which measurements are given in the table?
iii) Convert, 100°C into Fahrenheit and kelvin scale.
iv) What are the SI units of temperature?
Answer:
i) 0°C .
ii) Measurements of temperature are given.
iii) 100°C =212°F =373K
iv) Kelvin

Question 5.
How do you appreciate the weather reports?
Answer:

1. The day-to-day variations in the components like temperature, humidity, rainfall, , wind speed are called weather.
2. It keeps on changing and changes are very fast too.
3. One day it may be dry and sunny and the next day it may rain.
4. It gives the information about atmospheric conditions in a specific area and time.
5. We can get details of weather from weather reports and you can see these symbols on television, newspapers and in weather forecasting.
6. Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the conditions of the atmosphere using components of weather for a given location and time.
7. Weather reports are very useful to farmers, fishermen etc.
8. So I appreciate the weather reports.

Question 6.
How do you appreciate the properties of the mercury and alcohol as they are used in the thermometers?
Answer:
Properties of mercury:

1. Its expansion is uniform.
2. It is opaque and shining.
3. It does not stick to the sides of glass tube.
4. It is a good conductor of heat.
5. It has a high boiling point (357°C) and a low freezing point (-39°C).

Hence a wide range of temperatures can be measured using mercury.

Properties of alcohol:

1. The freezing point of alcohol is less than -100°C. So, it can be used to measure very low temperatures.
2. It’s expansion per degree Celsius rise in temperature is very large.
3. It can be coloured brightly and hence is easily visible.

Hence a wide range of temperatures can be measured using alcohol. Clinical ther-mometers, laboratory thermometers, six minimum and maximum thermometers etc. are made with alcohol or mercury or both.

Hence I appreciate the properties of the mercury and alcohol as they are used in the thermometers

AP Board 7th Class Science 9th Lesson 1 Mark Bits Questions and Answers Heat, Temperature and Climate

I. Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer and write its letters in the brackets.

1. It is a form of energy that flows from a hotter body to a cooler body.
A) Heat
B) Light
C) Sound
D) Electricity
Answer:
A) Heat

2. When heat energy flows from our body to Lassi. Here,
A) Lassi loss Heat energy
B) Body lose heat energy
C) Body gain heat energy
D) A and C
Answer:
B) Body lose heat energy

3. Joules are units of
A) Humidity
B) Climate
C) Heat
D) Air pressure
Answer:
C) Heat

4. The degree of hotness or coldness is called ………..
A) Humidity
B) Temperature
C) Heat
D) Air pressure
Answer:
D) Air pressure

5. Temperature is measured in…….
A) Degrees of Celsius
B) Degrees of Fahrenheit
C) Kelvin
D) All
Answer:
D) All

6. The SI unit of temperature is ………….
A) Degrees of Celsius
B) Degrees of Fahrenheit
C) Kelvin
D) All
Answer:
C) Kelvin

7. Kelvin is written as
A) °C
B) °F
C) °K
D) K
Answer:
D) K

8. Which is correct?
i) Heat is the degrees of hotness or coldness.
ii) Heat is measured in joules
A) i only
B) ii only
C) both i & ii
D) both are incorrect
Answer:
B) ii only

9. Cooking utensils are made of ………..
A) conductors
B) insulators
C) fuels
D) none of the above
Answer:
A) conductors

10. Handles of cooking vessels are made of …………….
A) conductors
B) insulators
C) fuels
D) none of the above
Answer:
B) insulators

11. A: Metals are used to make cooking vessels.
R: Metals allow heat through them.
Which is correct?
A) A & R are correct and R supports A
B) A & R are correct but R does not support A
C) A is correct but R is wrong
D) R is Correct but A is wrong
Answer:
A) A & R are correct and R supports A

12. The ability of a material to conduct heat is called …………..
A) Thermal conductivity
B) Thermal resistivity
C) Thermometer
D) None
Answer:
A) Thermal conductivity

13. It is not a good conductor.
A) Copper
B) Steel
C) Plastic
D) Cast iron
Answer:
C) Plastic

14. Insulator is….
A) Water
B) Glass
C) Plastic
D) All
Answer:
D) All

15. Heat cannot pass in the mode of
A) Conduction
B) Convection of heat
C) Radiation of heat
D) None
Answer:
D) None

16. In which heat is transferred from one end to another end by the mode of conduction.
A) Steel spoon
B) Water
C) A and B
D) Sun to earth
Answer:
A) Steel spoon

17. This mode of transfer of heat happens more in solid conductors
A) Conduction
B) Convection of heat
C) Radiation of heat
D) None
Answer:
A) Conduction

18. This process of transfer of heat from source of heat to surface by the motion of particles
A) Conduction
B) Convection of heat
C) Radiation of heat
D) all
Answer:
B) Convection of heat

19. This is not a medium of heat energy.
A) Solid
B) Liquid
C) Gas
D) None
Answer:
D) None

20. This mode of transfer of heat doesn’t require any media.
A) Conduction
B) Convection of heat
C) Radiation of heat
D) All
Answer:
C) Radiation of heat

21. The process of transfer of heat in the form of waves is called
A) Conduction
B) Convection of heat
C) Radiation of heat
D) All
Answer:
C) Radiation of heat

22. Which instrument can control the transfer of heat (loss of heat)?
A) Thermos flask
B) Thermometer
C) Thermal scanner
D) All
Answer:
A) Thermos flask

23. The flask retains hot inside the flask for
A) a few hours
B) ever
C) never
D) a few weeks.
Answer:
A) a few hours

24. Thermos flask was invented by
A) Sir James cook
B) Sir James Chadwick
C) Sir James Dewar
D) Sir James watts
Answer:
C) Sir James Dewar

25. Which of the following expands on heating and contracts on cooling?
A) Solid
B) Liquid
C) Gas
D) All
Answer:
D) All

26. Air on cooling
A) contracts
B) occupy less space.
C) expand
D) A and B
Answer:
D) A and B

27. Warm air is lighten than cold air. This property of air is used in
A) hot air balloons
B) kites
C) rockets
D) all
Answer:
A) hot air balloons

28. Thermometer contains bulb of
A) mercury
B) alcohol
C) A or B
D) silver
Answer:
C) A or B

29. Mercury is a in room temperature.
A) solid
B) liquid
C) gas
D) all
Answer:
A) solid

30. This is not a property of the mercury .
A) Its expansion is uniform.
B) It is a good conductor of heat.
C) It easily sticks to the sides of glass tube.
D) It has a high boiling point.
Answer:
C) It easily sticks to the sides of glass tube.

31. The boiling point and a freezing point of the mercury are
A) -39°C and 357°C
B) 357°C and-39°C
C)100°C and 0°C
D) none
Answer:
B) 357°C and-39°C

32. A: The freezing point of alcohol is more than -100°C.
R: Alcohol can be used to measure very low temperatures.
A) A & R are correct and R supports A
B) A & R are correct but R does not support A
C) A is correct but R is wrong
D) R is correct but A is wrong
Answer:
D) R is correct but A is wrong

33. Number of divisions in Fahrenheit scale is
A) 100
B) 212
C) 180
D) 32
Answer:
C) 180

34. Number of divisions in Kelvin scale is
A) 100
B) 212
C) 180
D) 32
Answer:
A) 100

35. Number of divisions in Celsius scale is
A) 100
B) 212
C) 180
D) 32
Answer:
A) 100

36. Which prevents the mercury from flowing back into the bulb in clinical thermometer.
A) Capillary
B) Kink
C) Bulb
D) Magnet
Answer:
B) Kink

37. Laboratory thermometer can measure higher temperatures than clinical thermometer because, it has
A) long bulb
B) long stem
C) short bulb
D) short stem
Answer:
B) long stem

38. This thermometer can work without Mercury.
A) Six max and min thermometer
B) Digital Thermometer
C) Clinical thermometer
D)All
Answer:
B) Digital Thermometer

39. Who invented Six’s maximum and minimum thermometer in 1780?
A) Sir James cook
B) James watt
C) Sir James Dewar
D) James Six
Answer:
D) James Six

40. The correct order is
i) After one or two minutes, take the thermometer out and note the reading,
ii) Place the bulb of the thermometer under your friend’s tongue.
iii) Wash the clinical thermometer properly with an antiseptic solution.
iv) To lower the mercury level, hold the thermometer firmly and give some jerks.
A) iv, ii, i, iii
B) iv, iii, ii, i
C) iii, iv, ii, i
D) ii, iii, iv, i
Answer:
C) iii, iv, ii, i

41. The normal temperature of the human body is
A) 37°C
B) 98.4°F
C) 310K
D) all
Answer:
D) all

42. Ventilators are working on
A) Air expands on heating
B) Air contracts on heating
C) Metal expands on heating
D) Air contracts on cooling
Answer:
A) Air expands on heating

43. Which is used to measure the air pressure?
A) Hygrometer
B) Thermometer
C) Barometer
D) Rain gauge
Answer:
C) Barometer

44. A: If roofs were weak, they could be lifted and blown away.
R: The moving air creates high pressure.
A) A & R are correct and R supports A
B) A & R are correct but R does not support A
C) A is correct but R is wrong
D) R is correct but A is wrong
Answer:
C) A is correct but R is wrong

45. Rain fall is measured with a
A) hygrometer
B) thermometer
C) barometer
D) rain gauge
Answer:
D) rain gauge

46. This is not a measuring component of weather
A) humidity
B) temperature
C) wind speed
D) none
Answer:
D) none

47. Humidity is measured in
A) g/cubic meter
B) mm/cubic meter
C) °C
D) m/°C
Answer:
A) g/cubic meter

48. In summer, the humidity of air is
A) low
B) high
C) no change
D) zero
Answer:
B) high

49. High temperatures, along with humidity sometimes may cause
A) kwashiorkor
B) beriberi
C) corona
D) sunstroke
Answer:
D) sunstroke

50. It gives the information about atmospheric conditions in a specific area and time.
A) Weather
B) Climate
C) A and B
D) None
Answer:
A) Weather

51. This deals with a long period.
A) Weather
B) Climate
C) A and B
D) None
Answer:
B) Climate

52. It affects our lifestyle
A) Weather
B) Climate
C) A and B
D) None
Answer:
B) Climate

53. Which phenomenon measures atmospheric conditions in a specific area and time?
A) Weather
B) Climate
C) A and B
D) None
Answer:
A) Weather

II. Fill in the blanks

1. Heat is a form of energy that flows from a ………………. body to a ………………. body.
2. Heat is measured in ………………. with calorimeter
3. Heat flows from a body of high temperature to a body of low temperature. This direction is determined by ………………. .
4. The degree of ………………. is called ‘temperature’.
5. Degree of Celsius is written as ………………. .
6. Degree of Fahrenheit is written as ………………. .
7. Some materials allow heat through them, this property is called ………………. .
8. Water, air, clothes, glass, cork, plastic, wood etc. are some examples of ………………. .
9. This process of transfer of heat from hotter to colder end through the conductor’ is called ………………. .
10. The contact which transfers heat by any mode is called ………………. .
11. Water is a ………………. of heat.
12. Heat is transferred by means of ………………. called convectional currents.
13. The materials which help in transfer of heat from one place to another are called ………………. .
14. Sun’s heat transfers to earth in the form of ………………. .
15. The thermal scanner receives the heat in the form of ………………. to measure our body temperature.
16. The inner ………………. in thermos flask protects the contents (tea, coffee, milk) poured in the flask from losing heat through radiation.
17. As there is ………………. between the walls of the flask; neither conduction nor convection of heat takes place.
18. Particles of substances occupies ………………. space when they get heated.
19. Small gaps left between rails in railway tracks, because metal ………………. on heat
20. ………………. are used to measure temperature.
21. The principle involved in working of a thermometer is ………………. .
22. The melting point of ice is ………………. °C
23. The melting point of ice and boiling point of water in Fahrenheit are ………………. .
24. The melting point of ice and boiling point of water in SI units are ………………. .
25. The formula to convert Celsius to Kelvin is ………………. .
26. The formula to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit is ………………. .
27. ………………. is used in hospitals to measure the temperature of the human body.
28. Clinical Thermometer has a ………………. that prevents the mercury from flowing back into the bulb when it was taken out of the patient’s mouth.
29. After taking readings in six max and min thermometer the indicators I₂ and I₁ are brought to their original places by using ………………. .
30. The normal temperature of the human body is ………………. .
31. Smoke and hot air moves up because it ………………. on heating and becomes lighter.
32. The force applied by air oh any surface in contact is called ………………. .
33. The air pressure becomes ………………. when it is compressed.
34. When air expands and raises up it creates ………………. .
35. ………………. drives the air high pressure from surrounding to move and occupy that place.
36. Air pressure is measured in height of ………………. level in centimeters
37. ………………. is measured in millimeters by using a rain gauge.
38. The water vapour present in the air is called ………………. .
39. ………………. is used to measure humidity in air and it is expressed in grams per cubic meter.
40. Evaporation of ………………. from our body makes us cool to maintain our body temperature.
41. The day-to-day variations in the components like temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed are called ………………. .
42. ………………. forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the conditions of the atmosphere using components of weather for a given location and time.
43. It is easier to know about weather with the help of ………………. than tables.
44. ………………. study and work on weather and record weather every day.
45. The average weather pattern taken over a long period, say 25 years or more, is called the ………………. of the place.
46. Expansion of IMD is ………………. .
47. The abnormal variation in the components of climate is called ………………. .
Answer:

1. hotter, cooler
2. Joules or calories
3. temperature
4. hotness or coldness
5. °C
6. °F
7. conductivity
8. insulators
9. conduction
10. Thermal contact
11. poor conductor
12. currents
13. medium
14. radiation
15. radiation
16. silver coating
17. no medium or vacuum
18. more
19. expand
20. Thermometers
21. expansion of liquids on heating
22. 0
23. 32°F, 212°F
24. 273K, 373K
25. K °C + 273
26. 
27. Clinical Thermometer
28. kink
29. a magnet
30. 37°C or 98.4°F
31. expands
32. air pressure
33. more
34. low pressure
35. Low pressure
36. mercury
37. Rainfall
38. Humidity
39. Hygrometer
40. Sweat
41. weather
42. Weather
43. graphs
44. Meteorologists
45. Climate
46. Indian Meteorological Department
47. climate change

III. Match the following

1.

Answer:

2.

Answer:

3.

Answer:

4.

Answer:

5.

Answer:

6.

Answer:

7.

Answer:

Do You Know?

→ Heat is measured In Joules or Calories with calorimeter.

→ Warm air is lighter than cold air. This property of air is used in flying of hot air balloons. It contains a bag which is called as envelope, and it is filled with heated air. There is a basket under the envelope which carries passengers and a source of heat.

→ Formulas for temperature conversion

1) Celsius to Fahrenheit
2) Celsius to Kelvin C=K – 273

→ Now a days cameras have been developed to detect heat. Those are called thermal- cameras.

→ The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) studies climate of our country. 23rd March is celebrated as World Meteorological Day.

These AP 7th Class Science Important Questions 8th Lesson Wonders of Light will help students prepare well for the exams.

AP Board 7th Class Science 8th Lesson Important Questions and Answers Wonders of Light

Question 1.
What is the source of light? Give examples.
Answer:
Light comes from different objects called sources, of light. Ex: Sun, candle, tube light.

Question 2.
What are Parallel beams of light rays?
Answer:
Light rays which travel parallel to each other are called Parallel beams of light rays.

Question 3.
What are converging beam of light, rays?
Answer:
Light rays which travel from different directions to meet at a point are called as con¬verging beam of light rays.

Question 4.
What is reflection of light?
Answer:
The process of bouncing back of light rays into the same medium after falling on a smooth or rough surface from the light source is called “reflection of light”.

Question 5.
How objects are visible?
Answer:
Objects are visible only when light falls on the objects and bounces back to the eye.

Question 6.
What is angle of incidence?
Answer:
The angle made by incident ray with the normal is called angle of incidence (i).

Question7.
What is angle of reflection?
Answer:
The angle made by the reflected ray with the normal is called the angle of reflection (r).

Question 8.
Write the first law of reflection.
Answer:
The angle of incidence is always equal to angle of reflection.
Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
This is the first law of reflection.

Question 9.
Write the second law of reflection.
Answer:
The incident ray reflected ray and normal to the surface are present in the same plane and incident, reflected rays are on either side of normal. This is the second law of reflection.

Question 10.
How is the object distance and image distance of a plane mirror?
Answer:
The distance of the object from the mirror is equal to the distance of image from the mirror.

Question 11.
What is object distance?
Answer:
The distance of the object from the mirror is called object distance.

Question 12.
What is image distance?
Answer:
The distance of the image from the mirror is called image distance.

Question 13.
We are able to see our image in the mirror. Can we get pur image on screen?
Answer:
We cannot get the image formed by a plane mirror on the screen.

Question 14.
What is a real image?
Answer:
The image which can get on a screen is called real image.

Question 15.
What is a virtual image?
A. The image which cannot get it on screen is called virtual image.

Question 16.
How is the nature of the image formed by a plane mirror?
Answer:
The nature of the image formed by a plane mirror is virtual and erect image.

Question 17.
What is Periscope?
Answer:
Periscope is an instrument used in submarines to see the objects or persons above the water level.

Question 18.
What is the use of a Periscope?
Answer:
We can use this to see the objects outside the room through the window while hiding ourself in the room.

Question 19.
What is a convex mirror?
Answer:
The spherical mirror which has reflecting surface bent outward is called convex mirror.

Question 20.
What is a concave mirror?
Answer:
The spherical mirror which has reflecting surface bent inward is called concave mirror.

Question 21.
What is a lens?
Answer:
A piece of glass or any other transparent material with curved sides is called a lens.

Question 22.
What is a convex lens?
Answer:
Lens which is thick in center and thin at the edges is called convex lens.

Question 23.
What is a concave lens?
Answer:
Lens which is thin in the Centre and thick at the edges is called concave lens.

Question 24.
What basic principle is involved in a periscope?
Answer:
Periscope is prepared based on the principle of reflection of light from plane mirrors.

Question 25.
What are the uses of a concave mirror?
Answer:
Concave mirrors are used by dentists, ophthalmologists, ENT doctors and also in head lights of vehicles.

Question 26.
What are the uses of a convex mirror?
Answer:
Convex mirrors are used as rearview mirrors in vehicles and safety mirrors at curved roads.

Question 27.
How white light is composed?
Answer:
White light is composed of seven colours.

Question 28.
Why do dentists use a concave mirror?
Answer:
Dentists also use concave mirrors to get a bigger image of the teeth.

7th Class Science 8th Lesson Wonders of Light Short Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is a beam of light? How many types of beam of lights are there?
Answer:
The bundle of light rays are called beam of light rays. These are three types.

1. Parallel beam of light rays
2. Converging beam of light rays
3. Diverging beam of light rays.

Question 2.
Write the differences between natural and artificial light sources.
Answer:

Question 3.
What is a ray of light? How does it represent?
Answer:

1. The direction or path along which light travels is called a ray of light.
2. It is denoted by a straight line with an arrow mark.
3. The straight line indicates the path of light and arrow mark indicates the direction of light from the source.

Question 4.
Differentiate between regular and irregular reflections.
Answer:

Question 5.
What are the characteristics of image by plane mirror?
Answer:
Characteristics of image by plane mirror:

1. Object distance is equal to image distance.
2. Size of the object is equal to size of the image.
3. The image formed is always virtual and erect.
4. Laterally inverted image is formed, (left and right alternates)

Question 6.
When you are eating food with right hand it appears to be eating with left hand in a mirror. Why?
Answer:
When you are eating food with right hand it appears to be eating with left hand in a mirror. Such a shift of lateral side of images in opposite direction is called lateral inversion. Images formed by plane mirrors undergo lateral inversion.

Question 7.
Write the differences between real and virtual images.
Answer:

Question 8.
Find the number of images will be formed, if the two mirrors are kept at an angle 50° between them?
Answer:
If the two mirrors are kept at an angle 50s between them, then the number of images between them are,

Seven is the next integer after 6.2.
So, the number of images formed will be seven

Question 9.
Write the differences between a convex mirror and a concave mirror.
Answer:

Question 10.
Write the characteristics of image formed by a concave mirror and a convex mirror.
Answer:
1) Characteristics of image formed by a concave mirror :
A concave mirror forms real and virtual images, erect and inverted images, smaller, same size and bigger images depending on the position of object infront of it.

2) Characteristics of image formed by a convex mirror :
A convex mirror always forms virtual, erect, smaller image irrespective of the position of the object.

Question 11.
How the ENT doctors are using a concave mirror?
Answer:

1. Concave mirrors are used by ENT doctors as Head mirrors.
2. They have this mirror strapped on their head.
3. Light from the bulb is made to fall on the mirror gets reflect from it.
4. This reflected light is focused into the throat or ear of the patient. So that the doctor can examine inner parts clearly.

Question 12.
How the ophthalmologists are using a concave mirror?
Answer:

1. Ophthalmologists use a special instrument called Ophthalmoscope.
2. It is fitted with a.concave mirror having a small hole near its center.
3. The concave mirror helps the doctor to direct a beam of light into the patient’s eye and see his/her retina clearly through the hole in the mirror.

Question 13.
Why the surface of reflection in a torch light or a headlight of vehicle is made with a concave mirror, behind the bulb?
Answer:

1. The surface of reflection in a torch light or a headlight of vehicle is made with a concave mirror, behind the bulb.
2. Light released from the bulb falls on the concave surface.
3. After reflection from concave surface, all the light rays travel parallel to each other.
4. So that we can observe focused light at a distance.

Question 14.
Why do convex mirrors use beside the drivers in vehicles?
Answer:

1. The convex mirrors which are used beside the drivers in vehicles are called rear view mirrors. .
2. These mirrors form images of objects spread over a large area.
3. So, these help the driver to see the traffic behind them.

Question 15.
Write the uses of convex mirrors.
Answer:

1. Large convex mirrors kept at the corners of curved roads to avoid accidents.
2. Convex mirrors form images of vehicles on both sides of curved road.
3. These mirrors are also used at the junctions of roads.
4. These mirrors used as rear view mirrors in vehicles.

Question 16.
Which colour of light is better to see? Why?
Answer:

1. Yellow light is better to see.
2. Yellow light has been proven effective in protecting retina than blue light which causes damage to retina.

Question 17.
What is the rule of 20 – 20 – 20?
Answer:
While watching TV or computer a simple rule 20 – 20 – 20 helps us in protecting eyesight. After 20 minutes of watching TV or computer screen, take 20 seconds break and watch the TV or computer around 20 feet away.

Question 18.
Akshaya got many doubts while her brother is burning a paper with a magnifier. What would be those doubts?
Answer:

1. How does a magnifier burn the paper?
2. Why are the sun rays passing through the magnifier, without reflecting back?
3. What is the shape of the magnifier?
4. What happens to the sun rays after passing through the magnifier?

Question 19.
Guess, what will happen if a concave mirror or a plane mirror is used as a rear view mirror?
Answer:

1. Generally convex mirror is used in rear view mirror.
2. Because these mirrors form images of objects spread over a large area.
3. The images’formed by the convex mirror have the characteristics like erect, virtual and smaller images.
4. So, these help the driver to see the traffic behind them.
5. If we U9e a concave mirror instead of a convex mirror it does not form any images of the rear objects.
6. If we use a plane mirror instead of a convex mirror we cannot see the images of the rear objects totally.

Question 20.
Ramesh is not able to identify different spherical mirrors. Explain him, the differ-ences between concave and convex mirrors by asking some questions.
Answer:

1. How the shining surface of the mirrors are bent?
2. What do we call the mirror, if it has reflecting surface bent inwards?
3. What do we call the mirror, if it has reflecting surface bent outwards?
4. How is your image in the both the mirrors?
5. Which mirror forms smaller image?
6. Which mirror can form your image on the wall?

Question 21.
Guess, why does we cannot see our face on a wall clearly?
Answer:
Light rays coming from the face fall on the wall and suffer irregular reflection, because wall has rough surface. Irregular reflection causes formation of no image on the wall or sometimes not cleared images.

Question 22.
How do you show the parallel light by an activity?
Answer:

1. Take a plank and cardboard.
2. Make small slits on cardboard.
3. Keep the cardboard on the plank perpendicular to it. Keep it in sunlight during afternoon.
4. The light rays from the sun fall on the cardboard and passed through the slits. We can observe that the light rays are travelling parallel to each other.

Question 23.
How do make your own spherical mirrors?
Answer:

1. Take a silver paper used for decoration.
2. Paste the silver paper without folds on a postcard size chart paper.
3. Allow it to dry by keeping it under some heavy books.
4. Bend the sheet slightly forward as its shiny surface comes inwards.
5. It works as a concave mirror.
6. Now bend the sheet slightly backward as its shiny surface comes out wards.
7. It works as a convex mirror.

Question 24.
Fill in the table with suitable answer.

Answer:

Question 25.
How do you appreciate the role of the spherical mirrors in our daily life?
Answer:

1. Concave and convex mirrors are spherical mirrors.
2. Concave mirrors are used by dentists, ophthalmologists, ENT doctors and also in head lights of vehicles.
3. Convex mirrors are used as rear view mirrors in vehicles and safety mirrors at curved roads.
4. Hence, I appreciate the role of the spherical mirrors in our daily life.

Question 26.
What precautions do you take to watch a TV?
Answer:
While watching TV or computer a simple rule 20 – 20 – 20 helps us in protecting eyesight. After 20 minutes of watching TV or computer screen, take 20 seconds break and watch the TV or computer around 20 feet away.

Question 27.
Draw the diagrams of regular reflection and diffused reflection.
Answer:

Question 28.
Draw the diagram of a source of light.
Answer:

Question 29.
Draw the diagram showing the reflection of an incident ray.
(OR)
Draw the diagram showing an incident ray, reflected ray and a normal.
Answer:

Question 30.
Draw the diagram of a periscope and lable its inner parts.
Answer:

Question 31.
Draw the diagram of a convex mirror and concave mirror.
Answer:

Question 32.
Draw the diagram of a light ray.
Answer:

Question 33.
Draw the diagrams of a convex lens and a concave lens.
Answer:

Question 34.
Draw the diagram of arrangement of the apparatus in the activity of verifi¬cation of the laws of reflection.
Answer:

7th Class Science 8th Lesson Wonders of Light Long Questions and Answers

Question 1.
a) What is reflection of light?
b) How many types of reflection are there? What are they?
c) Write the laws of reflection.
Answer:
a) The process of bouncing back of light rays into the same medium after falling on a smooth or rough surface from the light source is called “reflection of light”.

b) Reflections are of two types :
1. Regular reflection
2. Diffused reflection.

Reflection from a smooth and shiny surface is called regular reflection. Reflection from an irregular or uneven surface is called irregular reflection or diffused reflection.

c) Laws of reflection :
There are two laws of reflection.
1. Angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection.
2. The incident ray reflected ray and normal to the surface are present in the same plane. Incident and reflected rays are on either side of normal.

Question 2.
Draw the reflected ray to the given incident ray.

Answer:

Question 3.
Answer the following.
1) What is light?
2) What is source of light?
3) How do you classify the light sources?
4) What are the different types of light beams? Explain.
Answer:
1) Light is a form of energy.

2) Light energy releases from different objects called sources of light.

3) Sources which release light energy on their own are called natural sources.
Ex: sun, stars.
Sources which need the human involvement to release light energy are called manmade sources of light.
Ex: torch light, candle, bulb etc.

4) Actually, light is not a single ray, but a bundle of rays. This bundle of light rays are called beam of light rays. These are three types :

i. Parallel beam of light rays :
Light rays which travel parallel to each other are called Parallel beam of light rays.

ii. Converging beam of light rays :
“Light rays which travel from different directions to meet at a point are called as Converging beam of light rays”.

iii. Diverging beam of light rays :
“Light rays which travel from a source moving in different’ directions are called as Diverging beam of light rays.”

Question 4.
What precautions do you take while watching TV or modern gadgets? Why?
Answer:

1. Light plays an important role in the sensation of vision.
2. Now a day’s people, due to the usage of modern gadgets, like mobile phone, com-puters, televisions through which light enters the eyes.
3. Watching TV too much or sitting very close to it may make your eyes-tired cause dryness of eyes and gradually lead to headache.
4. While using computer or TV ensures that your room is well lighted.
5. While watching TV or computer a simple rule 20 – 20 – 20 helps us in protecting eyesight.
6. After 20 minutes of watching TV or computer screen, take 20 seconds break and watch the TV or computer around 20 feet away.
7. Reduce blue light in cell phones and computers are switched on power saving mode during night.
8. Yellow light has been proven effective in protecting retina than blue light which causes damage to retina.

Question 5.
How do you appreciate the role of the reflection of light in our daily life?
Answer:

1. The process of bouncing back of light rays into the same medium after falling on a smooth or rough surface from the light source is called “reflection of light”.
2. When light falls on an object it reflects back. Reflected ray when reaches to our eyes, causes sensation of vision.
3. If there is no phenomenon of reflection, we cannot see the colourful world.
4. Periscope is prepared based, on the principle of reflection of light from plane mirrors.
5. Kaleidoscope is prepared based on the principle of multiple reflection of light from plane mirrors.
6. The dentists, ophthalmologists, ENT doctors etc. give us treatment by using reflection of light through the concave mirrors.
7. The drivers of the vehicles observe the rear objects of his vehicles by using reflection of light through the convex mirrors.
8. Hence, I appreciate the role of the reflection of light in our daily life.

AP Board 7th Class Science 8th Lesson 1 Mark Bits Questions and Answers Wonders of Light

I. Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer and write its letters in the brackets.

1. This is not a natural sources of light.
A) sun
B) stars
C) moon
D) none
Answer:
C) moon

2. Example to human involvement is needed to release light
A) sun
B) stars
C) candle
D) none
Answer:
C) candle

3. Light rays which travel from a source moving in different directions are called as of light rays.
A) parallel
B) converge
C) diverge
D) B and C
Answer:
C) diverge

4. Which of the following does not give regular reflection?
A) mirror
B) cloth
C) new steel plate
D) polished marble
Answer:
B) cloth

5. In case of irregular reflection images cure
A) not clear
B) cannot form
C) clear
D) A & B
Answer:
D) A & B

6. These are in the same plane.
i. The incident ray
ii. normal to the surface
iii. The reflected ray
A) i,ii
B) i,iii
C) ii, iii
D) i,ii,iii
Answer:
D) i,ii,iii

7. Angle between normal and the incident ray
A) angle of incidence
B) angle of reflection
C) angle of vision
D) A & B
Answer:
A) angle of incidence

8. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the image of the plane mirror?
A) Object distance is equal to image distance.
B) Size of the object is equal to size of the image.
C) The image formed is always real and erect.
D) Laterally inverted image is formed.
Answer:
C) The image formed is always real and erect.

9. The distance of the object from the mirror is …………….. the distance of image from the mirror.
A) is equal to
B) is greater than to
C) is less than to
D) A & C
Answer:
A) is equal to

10. The size of image is not equal to that of the object in any situation.
A) plane mirror
B) convex mirror
C) concave mirror
D) none
Answer:
B) convex mirror

11. The distance of the image from the mirror is called
A) Image distance
B) Object distance
C) Normal
D) None
Answer:
A) Image distance

12. This type of image can catch on the screen
A) real
B) virtual
C) both
D) none
Answer:
A) real

13. Image formed by a plane mirror
A) erect & real
B) inverted & virtual
C) erect & virtual
D) inverted & real
Answer:
C) erect & virtual

14. No. of images formed when the angle between two plane mirrors is 60°
A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
Answer:
B) 5

15. No. of images formed when the angle between two plane mirrors is 90°
A) 4
B) 2
C) 1
D) 3
Answer:
D) 3

16. No. of images formed when the angle between two plane mirrors is 0°
A) infinity
B) 5
C) 6
D) 0
Answer:
A) infinity

17. No. of images formed is 1, then the angle between two plane mirrors is
A) 0°
B) 90°
C) 180°
D) 360°
Answer:
C) 180°

18. The instrument which is used in submarines to see the objects or persons above the water level.
A) microscope
B) telescope
C) kaleidoscope
D) periscope
Answer:
D) periscope

19. Angle between two plane mirrors in periscope is
A) 0°
B) 90°
C) 180°
D) 360°
Answer:
A) 0°

20. The steel spoon can act as …
A) plane mirror
B) convex mirror
C) concave mirror
D) B & C
Answer:
D) B & C

21. The mirror forms all types of images
A) plane mirror
B) convex mirror
C) concave mirror
D) B & C
Answer:
C) concave mirror

22. The mirror is used as rear view mirror
A) plane mirror
B) convex mirror
C) concave mirror
D) B & C
Answer:
B) convex mirror

23. Which rule we should follow to protect eyes while watching TV or computer?
A) 20-20-20
B) 40-4-40
C) 10-10-10
D) 12-12-12
Answer:
A) 20-20-20

24. Which light is not dangerous to our eye?
A) yellow
B) red
C) blue
D) violet
Answer:
A) yellow

25. Which colour of light is composition of all colours?
A) yellow
B) red
C) blue
D) white
Answer:
D) white

II. Fill in the blanks

1. Light is a form of ………………. that helps us to see all the things around us.
2. Light comes from different objects called ………………. .
3. Objects that emit light are known as ………………. .
4. Sources that release light artificially [with human involvement] are called ………………. sources of light or artificial sources of light.
5. ………………. source emit light on their own.
6. The direction or path along which light travels is called ………………. .
7. The straight line indicates the of light and arrow mark indicates the ………………. of light from the source.
8. A bundle of light rays are called ………………. of light rays.
9. Light rays which travel parallel to each other are called ………………. of light rays.
10. Light rays which travel from different directions to meet at a point are called as ………………. of light rays.
11. Light rays which travel from a source moving in different directions are called as ………………. of light rays.
12. The process of bouncing back of light rays into the same medium after falling on a smooth or rotigh surface from the light source is called ………………. .
13. Objects are visible only when ………………. falls on the objects and bounces back to the eye.
14. Light rays from the sun fall on the mirror and bounced back and formed a spot of light on the wall. It is the image of ………………. .
15. The light rays that fall on the objects are called ………………. .
16. The light rays that bounce back from the objects are called ………………. .
17. Reflection from a ………………. surface is called regular reflection.
18. Reflection from an irregular or uneven surface is called ………………. reflection.
19. Clear images are formed in case of ………………. reflection.
20. Angle of ………………. is equal to Angle of reflection.
21. Incident and reflected rays are on either side of ………………. .
22. The angle made by incident ray with the normal is called ………………. .
23. The angle made by the reflected ray with the ………………. is called the angle of reflection.
24. The distance of the object from the mirror is called ………………. .
25. The distance of the image from the is called image distance.
26. When you are eating food with right hand it appears to be eating with left hand. This characteristic is called ………………. .
27. The image which cannot catch on the screen is called ………………. .
28. Plane mirror forms ………………. image.
29. The relation between number of images formed and the angle between two plane mirrors is ………………. .
30 . ………………. is an instrument used in submarines to see the objects or persons above the water level.
31. ………………. mirror reflect the light in different directions.
32. ………………. mirror reflect the light to one point.
33. A ………………. mirror forms real and virtual images, erect and inverted images, smaller, same size and bigger images depending on the position of object infront of it.
34. Ophthalmoscope is fitted with a ………………. mirror having a small hole near its center.
35. Dentists also use ………………. mirrors to get a bigger image of the teeth.
36. ………………. mirrors are used in head lights of the vehicles.
37. A piece of glass or any other transparent material with curved sides is called ………………. .
38. Lens which is thick in center and thin at the edges is called ………………. lens.
39. Lens which is thin in the centre and thick at the edges is called ………………. lens.
40. ………………. light has been proven effective in protecting retina than blue light which causes damage to retina.
41. Splitting of white light into seven colours is called ………………. .
Answer:

1. energy
2. sources of light
3. sources of light
4. man made
5. natural
6. a ray of light
7. path, direction
8. beam
9. parallel beam
10. Converging beam
11. Diverging beam
12. reflection of light
13. Light
14. sun
15. incident rays
16. reflected rays
17. smooth and shiny
18. irregular or diffused
19. regular
20. incidence
21. normal
22. angle of incidence
23. normal
24. object distance
25. mirror
26. lateral inversion
27. virtual image
28. virtual
29. 360°/θ -1
30. periscope
31. convex
32. concave
33. concave
34. concave
35. concave
36. concave
37. a lens
38. convex
39. concave
40. Yellow
41. dispersion

III. Match the following

1.