AP 7th Class Social Important Questions Chapter 7 Handicrafts and Handlooms

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Social Important Questions 7th Lesson Handicrafts and Handlooms

Question 1.
What do you understand about raw material in the context of basket making? Who collects them?
Answer:
Spines of wild date palm (eatha chettu) tree leaves, knife, etc., are used for basket making. Using a knife basket maker shaves off the leaves and keeps them in hot sunshine to make them dry. The raw material, wild date palm leaves are brought in bundles. Basketmakers collect raw material like a wild date palm, cane and bamboo which are found in forests.

Question 2.
What are the tools used by the basket makers?
Answer:
Basket making is a craftwork that involves the use of wild date palm leaves, cane and bamboo which are found in forests. Using a knife, the basket maker shaves off the leaves and keeps them in hot sunshine to make them dry. The raw material, wild date palm leaves are brought from the forest. Basketmakers or their relatives collect the spines from bushes around their villages and sell them to market makers.

AP 7th Class Social Important Questions Chapter 7 Handicrafts and Handlooms

Question 3.
Do you think people like Polaiah should be given ration cards and allowed to vote in Hyderabad?
Answer:
Yes. People like Polaiah should be provided permanent housing and permanent address proof. He should be provided with a voter identity card and he should be allowed to vote in Hyderabad. In the same way, he should be provided with a ration card and it is allowed to avail all the benefits of it for himself.

Question 4.
Name the raw materials to make silk sarees.
Answer:

  1. To make silk sarees weavers need silk yarn, colours, cotton thread.
  2. These are not produced by weavers they buy them from the market.
  3. Silkworms from which silk yarn is made, grow on mulberry leaves.
  4. The rearing of silkworms is taken up by small farmers.
  5. Cotton is produced in farms and is made into thread either in factories or as a household craft.
  6. Colours are often made in factories.
  7. Weavers buy yarn and colours from the market.

Question 5.
What are the stages of weaving sarees
Answer:
There are different stages of making the saree.

  1. The first of these is preparing the yarn.
  2. These yarns are then marked with the design.
  3. Their markings of the designs help the weaver to identify what colours need to be dyed into which part of the yarn.
  4. Dyeing the yarn is a long repeated process.
  5. Each colour needs to be separated and dried one after the other.
  6. Only when the colouring is completed/the thread can be used for weaving.

AP 7th Class Social Important Questions Chapter 7 Handicrafts and Handlooms

Question 6.
What do you understand about the problems of weavers?
Answer:

  1. Andhra Pradesh has the second largest number of handlooms in the country, next to West Bengal.
  2. Handloom weavers are facing a serious problem.
  3. They face stiff competition from power loom and mill made cloth.
  4. Mill made cloth is cheaper. It is made from synthetic yarn which costs much less than cotton or silk.
  5. Even though it is popular due to its high quality and unique beauty, the Dharmavaram saree seems to be expensive. But the weavers are not getting rate due to middlemen’s involvement.
  6. Fashions in the cities change fast. It is difficult for the weavers to know which designs are in demand.
  7. They also have to depend on middlemen for getting raw materials like cotton or silk yarn.
  8. Thus middlemen have a good position and are getting the largest share than weavers.
  9. Co-operative societies do not provide opportunities for weavers to produce sarees to suit the changing preferences of consumers.
  10. This has once again pushed the weavers into the clutches of the middlemen and traders.

Question 7.
What is the role of cooperative societies to help the weavers?
Answer:

  1. Andhra Pradesh has the second largest number of handlooms in the country. Weavers are facing many problems.
  2. In order to overcome these problems the weavers are encouraged to form cooperative societies.
  3. The cooperative societies are meant to help the weavers in buying raw materials at a low price and to arrange for marketing of their cloth.
  4. This reduced their dependence upon middlemen and traders.
  5. The cooperative societies should help the weavers by training in new designs.

AP 7th Class Social Important Questions Chapter 7 Handicrafts and Handlooms

Question 8.
Observe the following table carefully and answer the questions.

Raw Materials Tools
Basket making 1. Wild date plam leaves
2. Cane
3. Bamboo
Knife
Handloom weaving 1.   Silk yarn
2.    Colour
3.    Zari
1.   Maggam
2.    Stones
3.    Punched Jacquard cards

a. List the raw materials used to make baskets.
Answer:
Wild date palms, cane and bamboo.

b. What are the raw materials used to make Dharmavaram sarees?
Answer:
Silk yarn, colour and zari.

c. What is the tool used to shave off the leaves?
Answer:
A knife.

d. Where are basket making raw materials found?
Answer:
In forests.

e. How do weavers get silk yarn?
Answer:
Silk yarn is made from silkworms that grow on mulberry leaves.

Question 9.
How are raw materials of silk sarees produced?
Answer:
Weavers need raw materials to make silk sarees. These are not produced by weavers, they buy them from the market.

  1. Silk yarn is made from silkworms. They grow on mulberry leaves. The rearing of silkworms is taken up by small farmers.
  2. Cotton is produced in farms and is made into thread either in factories or as a household craft.
  3. Colours are often made in factories. Weavers buy yarn and colours from the market.

AP 7th Class Social Important Questions Chapter 7 Handicrafts and Handlooms

Question 10.
Describe Dharmavaram sarees.
Answer:

  1. Dharmavaram sarees one traditionally woven in the interlocked weft technique.
  2. Dharmavaram silk sarees are a benchmark in the traditional craft industry.
  3. They are very famous for stacking colour combinations with contrast pallu and border woven with exquisite brocade gold patterns.
  4. Additional designs are added to silk sarees using kunrians, chamkies, and stones and also opposite colours.
  5. Recently Dharmavaram sarees received patent rights.

Question 11.
Why has Venkatesu’s family begun to weave for a master weaver?
Answer:

  1. Venkatesu is a resident of Dharmavaram.
  2. All of his family members – he, his wife, son and daughter – in – law work as weavers.
  3. Weaving saree is a hereditary occupation for Venkatesu’s family.
  4. The income Venkatesu’s family gets from weaving silk sarees is insufficient to run the family.
  5. From March to May, Venkatesu’s family is able to weave only a few hours a day
  6. Women are distressed a lot because they have to do weaving related works and also take care of the household chores.
  7. Earlier, Venkatesu’s family used to weave only for the cooperative society.
  8. Later, they had to look for additional sources of income to run their families.

AP 7th Class Social Important Questions Chapter 7 Handicrafts and Handlooms

Question 12.
Why do basket makers migrate, from rural areas to urban areas?
Answer:

  1. Basket making is craftwork that involves the use of wild date palm leaves, cane and bamboo which are found in forests.
  2. There has been depletion of forests due to their extensive exploitation for big industries.
  3. This affects the livelihoods of people who have traditionally depended on forests.
  4. Further, the demand for such products has reduced considerably.
  5. This forces them to move out of rural areas and migrate to urban areas for survival.
  6. This is true for many involved in traditional activities.
  7. However, they have to often live in urban areas without basic amenities.

Question 13.
How do master weavers and merchants take control over the weavers to get profits?
Answer:

  1. A large amount of handloom cloth materials in Andhra Pradesh are produced and marketed by master weavers and merchants.
  2. The master weavers and merchants procure all the raw materials and supply them to weavers and collect the woven cloth.
  3. They then sell these materials to wholesale cloth merchants.
  4. They pay a stipulated amount as wages for the weaving work.
  5. Many master weavers also provide loans to weavers to set up looms, buy other tools and thus restrict them not to weave sarees for other master weavers.
  6. They also decide the wages for the work done by the weavers.
  7. Since they are interested in raising their incomes, it is natural for them to look for ways to pay less to the weavers.
  8. Distressed weaving families should be provided work from cooperative societies and saved from the master weavers.

AP 7th Class Social Important Questions Chapter 7 Handicrafts and Handlooms

Question 14.
Appreciate Venkatesu’s family for weaving sarees which is hereditary occupation?
Answer:

  1. Venkatesu is a resident of Dharmavaram. AH of his family members – he, his wife, son and daughter-in-law work as weavers.
  2. While he was winding yarn, his son Nagendra was engaged in weaving in the maggam (pit loom) set up inside the house.
  3. Katcha pattu, spindling of yarn, etc. were used to do different tasks in producing silk sarees.
  4. Venkatesu’s wife and daughter-in-law do bobbin winding.
  5. There is some work like making saratas for warping done collectively by group of weavers on streets or outside his house.
  6. His son Nagendra brings all the raw materials like dyed silk yarn, zari and design from master weaver and sometimes from cooperative society.
  7. Venkatesu gets raw materials at a time to weave ten sarees.
  8. The whole family has to work for 12 -15 hours a day for nearly 40 – 50 days to weave sarees. They get about Rs. 1300 per saree for the work.

AP 7th Class Social Important Questions Chapter 7 Handicrafts and Handlooms

Question 15.
Write a letter to Newspaper Editor explaining their problems of weavers at present?
Answer:

A Letter to Editor

Vijayawada
XXXXXXXX

From,
Y. Lakhmi,
7th Class,
77 – 28 – S/A,
Mangalagiri.

To,
The Editor,
The Hindu News Paper,
Vijayawada.

Dear Sir,

l am a proud reader of your newspaper for the last 10 years.
Here I would like to bring to your notice one burning issue of our society regarding the weaver’s community.
I request you to make a full-page report if possible regarding the facts & figures of Handloom weavers in our state.
Issues like daily wages, family welfare, delay in payment from mill owners. No help (subsidies) from the Government & Ministry.
Lack of collaboration between Designing & Marketing teams. By continuous ignorance of people of this sector cost nation’s heritage and colourful image at world level. We should not let die this fine art of many generations so easily.
I will be humble & society will be grateful to you & your newspaper for so long if we can make some good difference in the lives of weavers.

Thanking you sir,
Y. Lakshmi.

AP 7th Class Social Important Questions