Class 7

SCERT AP 7th Class English Textbook Answers 8th Lesson Gurajada – The Legend Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Unit 8 Questions and Answers Gurajada – The Legend

7th Class English Unit 8 The Gurajada – The Legend Textbook Questions and Answers

Go through the banner/poster and answer the questions that follow :

Question 1.
What is the banner about?
Answer:
The banner is about the celebrations of Telugu Language Day.

Question 2.
Why do we celebrate such days? Discuss.
Answer:
We celebrate such days in memory of great people / great events.

Question 3.
Mention some names who contributed to the society through their literature.
Answer:
Gurajada Apparao, Tagore, Gurram Jashuva, Sarojini Naidu, Gidudu Rama Murthy, Sri Sri, etc.

Question 4.
Name some writings that influence our society.
Answer:
Kanyasulkam by Cmrajada Apparao, Vemana Satakam by Vemana, Rajashekara Charitramu by Kandukur Veeresalingam, etc.

Question 5.
Do you know any Telugu writer who brought changes in the society through his/her writings?
Answer:
Srirangam Srinivasa Rao was the first true modern Telugu poet to write about contemporary issues that affected the day-to-day life of a common man. He wrote ‘Mahaprasthanam’.

Questions Given In The Lesson

Possible answers to the questions given in the middle and at the end of the lesson:

Question 1.
How do you feel when you meet great people?
Answer:
I feel proud and happy when 1 meet great people.

Question 2.
Do you preserve the letter or appreciation from anyone you love most?
Answer:
Yes, I love to preserve the letter or appreciation from anyone I love most.

Reading Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences.

Question 1.
What works did Gurajada do to promote the spoken dialects?
Answer:
Kanyasulkam and Prataparudreeyam

Question 2.
Why did Gurajada meet Rabindranath Tagore? Why was the meeting special?
Answer:
Syamendra Mohandas from Calcutta asked Gurajada to introduce a suitable style in the languages used by people in Bengali. In this connection, Gurajada met Rabindrnath Tagore two times in 1912.

Question 3.
Which work of Gurajada did attract Tagore ? (or) Which work of Gurajada attracted Tagore?
Answer:
‘Sarangadhara’ (classical literature) written by Gurajada attracted Tagore.

Question 4.
Mention the significance of the year 1911.
Answer:
The year 1911 is significant in the history of modern Telugu literature as the move¬ment for spoken dialect was started by Gidugu and Gurajada.

Question 5.
Why did Viswakavi write a letter to Mahakavi?
Answer:
They have some similar ideology regarding the use of language in writing literature.

Question 6.
Who translated Gurajada’s “Desabhakthi” poems?
a) Gidugu Rama Murthy
b) Tagore
c) Sri Sri
Answer:
c) Sri Sri

Question 7.
What did Syamendra Mohandas appeal to Gurajada?
a) To write some books in Bengali.
b) To translate the works of Tagore and Bunkim.
c) To introduce a suitable style in Bengali vernacular language.
Answer:
c) To introduce a suitable style in Bengali vernacular language.

B. Put the following sentences in the order of events.

1. Gurajada was invited to attend the meeting of the Bangeeya Sahitya Parishad at Kolkata.
2. Madras University honoured him with the title “Emeritus Fellow”.
3. Rabindranath Tagore wrote a reply letter to Gurajada from Himalayas.
4. Gurajada met Rabindranath Tagore to discuss the importance of vernacular language.
5. Gurajada wrote an article on the experiences and impression of his meeting with Tagore.
Answer:

1. Gurajada was invited to attend the meeting’ of the Bangeeya Sahitya Parishad at Kolkata.
2. Madras University honoured him with the title “Emeritus Fellow”.
3. Rabindranath Tagore wrote a reply letter to Gurajada from Himalayas.
4. Gurajada met Rabindranath Tagore to discuss the importance of vernacular language.
5. Gurajada wrote an article on the experiences and impression of his meeting with Tagore.

C. State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Gurajada Apparao could not meet Tagore.
2. Gurajada started Sahitya Parishad and promoted the traditional language.
3. Gidugu Ramamurthy and Gurajada were the principal members to introduce spoken dialects.
4. Gurajada and Tagore were the contemporaries.
5. Gurajada’s work for classical literature attracted Tagore.
Answer:

1. False
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. True

Vocabulary

A. Choose the word with similar meaning (synonyms) for the underlined words from the list given below

1. Guraiada’s style of writing is clear.
2. Gurajada is one of the greatest personalities from Andhra Pradesh.
3. Desabhakti’ is simple in language but excellent in thought.
4. The NDRF team saved many lives during the floods.
5. Telugu is spoken in different slangs.
Answer:

1. lucid
2. legendary
3. sublime
4. rescued
5. dialects

1. Read the following sentences :
a) Be regular in attending classes. You will miss a lot if you are irregular. (in the above sentence “irregular” is the antonym of the word “regular”)
b) The children must obey their parents. They must not disobey them.

Here the antonym is formed by adding ‘dis’ to the word ‘obey’. We can form antonyms by adding certain prefixes to the words.

Fill in the blanks with the antonyms of the underlined words.
1. Don’t be ………………. Only responsible citizens can create wonders.
2. You should be very patient enough to achieve success. If you are ………………., you may not reach your goals.
3. Stars are visible during night and ………………. during day.
4. Nothing is ………………. So, work hard to make anything possible.
5. An efficient person can get a job easily but an ………………. person cannot.

Grammar

The Simple Past and Past Perfect Tenses

Let us observe the following sentences :
Gurajada retired in 1913.
Gurajada met Rabindranath Tagore at latter’s residence on two occasions in 1912.
In the above sentences, the words ‘retired’, ‘met’ denote completed actions. These actions are said using past form of the verb.

Simple Past Tense
Usually, verbs in simple past are used to denote the actions completed in the past with the time mentioned.
E.g. 1. Tagore wrote a letter to Gurajada in 1914.
2. We visited Kashmir last year.
3. They worked with the same spirit to preserve vernacular languages in those days.

Now, let’s consider the following sentence from the text:

After Gurajada had visited Tagore, he wrote an article on the experiences and im-pression of their meeting.

Action 1 : Gurajada visited Tagore.
Action 2 : Gurajada wrote an article.

Both the actions took place in the past. But the action 1 took place before action 2. In such cases the action 1 is said by using past perfect tense and action 2 is said by using simple past.

Let’s see one more sentence from the text.

Syamendra Mohandas had written to Gurajada before he left Vizianagaram.

Here are some more examples :
1. Vissu had taken breakfast before he went to school.
2. After I had completed my project, my father arrived.

Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the right form of the verb given in the brackets.

1. The doctor ______ (leave) before the patient ______ (arrive)
2. After the fire ______ (start), people ______ (rush) out of the building.
3. I ______ him yesterday. (meet)
4. I ______ (recognize)him immediately as I ______ (see) him.
5. Long before the chief guest ______ (arrive), the rain ______ (stop).
Answer:

1. had left, arrived
2. had started, rushed
3. met
4. recognized, had seen
5. arrived, had stopped

Writing

A. Book Review:

Read the following:
Book Review of ‘Kanyasulkam’.
Physical features (Get up) :
Title of the Book : Kanyasulkam in Telugu
Writer of the book : Sri Gurajada Apparao
Quality of Paper: Good
No. of pages : 280 pages
First Published : 1892; Telugu
Publishers : 2007 in English, Indiana University Press. 248 pages.

Important Points:

• The book reflects social issues of the late 19th century.
• It supports the widow remarriage.
• It educates the disadvantages of child marriages.
• It tries to stop the marriages in which the girls of tender age are sold to the old persons.
• The title itself shows the evil, Kanyasulkam.
• The influence of book is still in the society.

B. Diary Entry:

Imagine that you got The Best Actor Award for your performance in the skit in the district level competitions conducted oh the occasion of the International Mother Language Day. Now, make an entry in your diary.
Answer:

Monday 22nd February Dear Diary,Yesterday was a great day in my life. My performance as an actor was recognized on a big platform. I received The Best Actor Award for my performance in the skit ‘Kanyasulkam’ in the district level competitions conducted on the occasion of the International Mother Language Day.I played the role of Girisam very well. Many of my friends, the members of my family, my teachers and classmates watched the skit and appreciated me for my performance after the skit was over. My teachers said that I would get the best actor award. It became true in a few hours. It was a memorable day in my life. Thank God. Karthik

Talking Time

1. Role-play:

Read the following conversation and note the underlined expressions which we use for apologizing.

Sunny : I am sorry, I have damaged your watch.
Bunny : It was a gift from my father. I wish you were more careful with it.
Sunny : Believe me, I am not careless. It was raining when I was returning home yesterday.
I wanted to protect it from the rain. The watch slipped from my wrist and got damaged. I am extremely sorry.
Bunny : Oh ! It was an accident then. Never mind.
Sunny : That is so nice of you. You are very kind-hearted. Thank you.
Bunny : It’s all right.

Language Function:
Giving advice

Read the following sentences.
1. You should get up early.
2. You should not eat junk food.
3. You should not walk in the middle of the road.
4. You should obey your parents.

Observe the following table:

Using the table above give an advice to your Mend. E.g. You should wear mask.

1. You should maintain social distance.
2. You should clean your hands with sanitizer.
3. You should not touch your eyes, nose and mouth.
4. You should not get close contact with a sick person.
5. You should cough and sneeze in your hands.
6. You should limit your social gatherings.

Listening

Listen to the following story and answer the questions.

LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI’S HONESTY
When Lai Bahadur Shastri was the Prime Minister of India, he went to a textile mill. He requested the owner of the mill to show him cheaper sarees for his wife. The owner showed him some exquisite sarees. When Shastri ji asked the price, he felt they were very expensive. He asked for cheaper sarees. The owner showed him cheaper sarees. But, shastri ji still found them expensive. The owner was surprised and requested not worry about the prices. And he told Sastri ji that it would be his previlege to give the sarees as gift for he was the prime minister of india.

Shastri Ji replied that he could not accept such expensive gifts and he would only take a saree that he could afford.

Answer the following questions:
1. What is this story about?
Answer:
This story is about Lai Bahadur Shastri’s honesty

2. Where did Sastryji go?
Answer:
To a textile mill

3. What did he want to buy for his wife?
a) a saree
b) a gold chain
c) a purse
Answer:
a) a saree

4. The owner of the textile mili showed very expensive sarees. Tick whether this statement is true or false. (True / False)
Answer:
True

5. Did Shastriji accept sarees free as a gift?
Answer:
No.

Gurajada – The Legend Summary

Gurajada Apparao was a legendary personality among the Telugu people. He was a social reformer and a revolutionary poet and writer. He used the language of common people in his writings. He had a strong faith in spoken Telugu.

Gurajada woke up the readers to fight the social evils. He dreamt of a new social system. He fought for women’s education, social equality and widow re-marriages.

Being inspired by Gurajada’s literary work, The Bengal Literary Association invited him to attend a meeting at Calcutta. Syamendra Mohandas from Calcutta asked Gurajada to introduce a suitable style in the languages used by people in Bengali. In this connection, Gurajada met Rabindranath Tagore two times in 1912. Tagore wrote an article on the experiences and impression of his meeting with Gurajada.

Gurajada used noble, simple, clear and powerful words to express his straight forward ideals. Gurajada and Tagore were in constant touch with each other. They wrote letters each other. He passed away on 30th November 1915 leaving behind the legacy of immortal literature for future generations. No library is complete without the works of the legendary writer Gurajada.

Meanings For Difficult Words

legendary (adj) : very well known
immortal (adj) : living for ever
revolutionary (adj) : causing a complete change
harbinger (n) : who foreshadows the future events
scholar (n) : a learned person
disciple (n) : a follower to learn something
abundantly (adv) : plentifully; in a sufficient dgree
idealize (v) : to regard something as ideal
rescued (v) : saved from danger
dialect (n) : a particular form of a language of a region or a group
significant (adj) : notable; important
vernacular (n) : language of common people
vernacular (adj) : (of language) spoken by common people
sublime (adj) : of great excellence or beauty
lucid (n) : clear
immortal (adj) : that lives or lasts for ever

Nails in the Fence

Comprehension

Question 1.
“Nobody wanted to be Mends with the boy.” Why?
Answer:
The boy would scold kids, neighbours and even his friends. So, his friends and neighbours ignored him.

Question 2.
Why were the boy’s parents worried about him?
Answer:
The boy’s parents tried to explain his mistake to him in all possible ways. But all their attempts failed.

Question 3.
What did the boy’s father ask him to do when he got angry?
Answer:
He told his son that whenever he lost his temper, he had to hammer a nail into the fence.

Question 4.
Why did the number of nails driven on the board gradually decrease?
Answer:
The boy found hammering the nails very difficult and he controlled his anger.

Question 5.
What is the moral of the story?
Answer:
Let our words be polite and kind. / Unkind words cause lasting damage.

State whether the following statements are true/ false :
1. The boy’s parents were very happy with the boy.
2. The boy was very bad tempered.
3. The boy was playing with the hammer and nail.
4. The boy’s father asked him to pull out one nail every time when he holds his temper all day long.
5. We should treat everyone with love and respect.
Answer:

1. False
2. True
3. False
4. False
5. True

Study Skill

Study the tree diagram and answer the questions.

Questions:
1. What is the tree diagram about?
Answer:
This tree diagram is about language skills.

2. What are the four basic skills in learning a language?
Answer:
Speaking, writing, listening and reading

3. Number of receptive skills are ________.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
Answer:
b) 2

4. Editing is one of the sub-skills of ______
a) listening
b) reading
c) writing
Answer:
c) writing

5. Reading is one of the skills.
a) productive
b) receptive
c) active
Answer:
b) receptive

Fun Time

Add a letter to the given word to make it a new one. You can use the clue given in brackets. The first one is done for you.

1. ink pink (a colour)
2. old : g o l d (a metal)
3. word : s w o r d (a weapon)
4. pine : s p i n e (backbone)
5. wig : t w i g (part of a plant)
6. ask : t a s k (the work assigned)

Check Point

Nails in the Fence Summary

Once there was a boy who had a bad temper. His father was worried. One day he gave his son a bag full of nails and asked to hammer a nail into the back of the fence every time he lost his temper. The boy agreed.

The first day he had driven 30 nails into the fence. Over the next few weeks, as he learned to control his anger, the number of nails hammered daily gradually dwindled down. He discovered it was easier to hold his temper than to drive those nails into the fence.

Finally, the day came when the boy didn’t lose his temper at all. He told his father about it and the father suggested that the boy should gradually remove some of the nails every day. The days passed and the young boy was finally able to remove almost all the nails except a few. He approached his father and told him that all the nails were gone.

Then the father said, “You have done well, my son, but look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same. You removed almost the nails but the holes they left could not be removed. The nails you could not remove are like the permanent scars on people’s minds. They will remain there forever.”

The boy then understood the power of words. He realized his mistake and promised his parents that he would be kind and polite.

SCERT AP 7th Class English Textbook Answers 6th Lesson The Why – Why Girl Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Unit 6 Questions and Answers The Why – Why Girl

7th Class English Unit 6 The Why – Why Girl Textbook Questions and Answers

Look at the picture and answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What do you read in the logo?
Answer:
I read ‘Beti Bachao…. Beti Padhao’ in the logo. The given logo tells us that we should save girl child. It also stresses the importance of the girl child education.

Question 2.
What is the meaning of ‘Beti Padhao-Beti Bachao’?
Answer:
This means ‘a girl child must be saved and she should study’.

Question 3.
Name some famous women personalities.
Answer:
P.V. Sindhu in badminton, Kalpana Chawla in aerospace, Sakunthala in Mathematics, Sunitha in playback singing and Savitri in film acting.

Question 4.
Talk about any girl child of high achievement.
Answer:
Shamili, also known as Baby Shamili, is an Indian actress. She has worked in Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada and Telugu films. She won the National Film Award for Best Child Art-ist for her character in the movie ‘Anjali’.

Question 5.
What are your future expectations as a girl child?
Answer:
As a girl child, 1 have the following future expectations.

1. I would like to get equal opportunities with my brdther.
2. I would like to have higher education.
3. I would like to take part in awareness programmes regarding women empowerment.
4. I would like to look after my parents with love and affection.
5. I would like to become a doctor.
6. I would like to serve the poor and the needy.

Questions Given In The Lesson

Possible answers to the questions given in the middle of the lesson :

Question 1.
Do you have any pet name?
Answer:
Yes, I have. My pet name is ‘Bablu’.

Question 2.
Mention at least five pet names that are popular in your area.
Answer:
1) Pandu, 2) Nani, 3) Janu, 4) Bujji, 5) Sweety, 6) Deepu, 7) Appu, 8) Lucky, 9) Venky, 10) Lalli, etc.

Question 3.
Are there any children in your surroundings who work for others?
Answer:
Yes, there are some children in our surroundings who work for others. Some work. Some children feed the cattle of others. Some children do the household work.

Question 4.
Mention some fields where we see children working?
Answer:
Children work in fields, in factories, down mines, as servants or maids, or selling goods in the street or at markets. Girls are more likely than boys to do domestic work, such as cleaning, making food and serving.

Question 5.
Is it right Moyna expecting thanks from the landlord?
Answer:
Yes, it is right Moyna expecting thanks from the landlord for her services because any service deserves thanks.

Question 6.
Are you curious like Moyna? Why?
Answer:
Yes, I am curious like Moyna because asking questions with why makes us know the reasons for many things. This gives us knowledge.

Reaping Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Why was Moyna called ‘The Why-Why Girl’?
Answer:
Moyna was called The Why-Why Girl’ because she frequently asks ‘why?’.

Question 2.
What did the people do at the Samiti office?
Answer:
The Samiti was a place where people could come to learn to read and write, or simply sing and dance together.

Question 3.
What work did Moyna do for her family?
Answer:
Moyna has to tend the goats, collect the firewood, fetch the water and do other works for her family.

Question 4.
What kind of a girl was Moyna?
Answer:
Moyna was a strong, hard-working, fearless yoiing girl, a role model for all of us. She had the curiosity to learn and spread knowledge to others.

Question 5.
Name someone like Moyna in your surroundings.
Answer:
Mokshikta is a girl who always questions everybody and learns everything easily. She has no fear.

Question 6.
Do you like Moyna? Why?
Answer:
Yes. I like Moyna because she was a strong, hard-working, fearless young girl, a role model for all of us. She had the curiosity to learn and spread knowledge to others.

B. State whether the given statements are true or false. Write T’ for True and T’ for False.
1) The people in Moyna’s tribe eat snakes.
2) The author did not like Moyna.
3) It is very easy to persuade Moyna.
4) Moyna knew that the author was writing her story.
5) Moyna had to fetch water from the far off river.
Answer:

1. True
2. False
3. False
4. False
5. True

C. Read the following sentences from the story. Arrange them in order of their happening. One is done for you.

Statement	No.
One morning, Moyna moved into the narrator’s hut.
Moyna chased a cobra one day.	1
Moyna demanded the teacher to change the school timings.
Moyna got admitted in school.
The narrator told Moyna that she can find answers to all her whys from the books.
Moyna became a teacher at the Samiti.

Answer:

Statement	No.
One morning, Moyna moved into the narrator’s hut.	2
Moyna chased a cobra one day.	1
Moyna demanded the teacher to change the school timings.	5
Moyna got admitted in school.	4
The narrator told Moyna that she can find answers to all her whys from the books.	3
Moyna became a teacher at the Samiti.	6

Vocabulary

A. You have come across the words plait, meat, write, etc in the text. Read the pairs of words given below.
plait – plate
meat – meet
write – right

These words have the same sound but have different meanings and may have different spelling too. Such words are called ‘Homophones’.

Read the paragraph and edit the underlined words using the correct words.

One knight, (a) I saw two men buy (b) the sea. There (c) feet were stuck in the sand. They saw the tied (d) coming up. The man with the red hare (e) caught hold of the other. Sum (f) boys who were nearby helped them come out of the danger.
Answer:
One night, (a) I saw two men by (b) the sea. Their (c) feet were stuck in the sand. They saw the tide (d) coming up. The man with the red hair (e) caught hold of the other. Some (f) boys who were nearby helped them come out of the danger.

B. Pairs of homophones are given in the brackets. Refer to the dictionary and fill in the blanks with the correct answers.

1) The horseman _______ the horse along the _______ . (road, rode)
2) Apply the _______ or you will _______ the fence. (break, brake)
3) Some tribes _______ before they hunt their _______. (prey, pray)
4) I _______ the bleating of a _______ of sheep passing by the school. (heard, herd)
5) The sweets were ________ by the _________.
Answer:
1) The horseman rode the horse along the road.
2) Apply the brake or you will break the fence.
3) Some tribes pray before they hunt their prey.
4) I heard the bleating of a herd of sheep passing by the school.
5) The sweets were made by the maid.

C. Phrasal verbs

You have come across the following phrases from the lesson.

1. I ran after her, grabbed her plait and held her back.
2. She just won’t give in.
3. Her father had gone off to far away Jamshedpur in search of work.
4. Moyna declared that she would move in with me.
5. If you pass by, you are sure to hear her impatient demanding voice.

In sentence 1, the phrase ran after is a combination of the verb ‘ran’ and the adverb ‘after’. Here run after means to dease or pursue.
Ex: I ran after the bus, but it did not stop for me.

In sentence 2, give in is a combination of the verb ‘give’ and the preposition ‘in’. Give in means stop competing or arguing and accept defeat.

The other phrasal verbs from the text are ……
chop off run off

Fill in the blacks with the suitable phrasal verbs given.

1. Latha’s father refused to send her to the picnic but when she requested for many times he ______ and sent her.
2. Why do dogs ______ cats?
3. You will smell the fragrance of the night queen when you ______ our garden.
4. Our family ______ to the new house once it was white washed.
5. Electricity has ______ in my area.
Answer:
1. Latha’s father refused to send her to the picnic but when she requested for many times he gave in and sent her.
2. Why do dogs run after cats?
3. You will smell the fragrance of the night queen when you pass by our garden.
4. Our family moves in / will move in to the new house once it was white washed.
5. Electricity has gone off in my area.

Grammar

A. i) ‘Wh’ Questions

Look at the following sentences from the text.
a) Why do we live in a leaf hut?
b) How much space does one old woman need?

The underlined words are used to ask questions.

Now read the story once again and list out questions from the story.
1. ___________________________
2. ___________________________
3. ___________________________
4. ___________________________
5. ___________________________
Answer:

1. Why shouldn’t I?
2. Why shouldn’t I catch a cobra?
3. Aren’t you tired?
4. Who will bring the Babu’s goats home?
5. Why should I thank him?
6. Why do I have to walk miles to the river for water?
7. Why do we live in a leaf hut?
8. Why can’t we eat rice twice a day?
9. Why should I eat their leftovers?
10. Why do I have to graze the Babus’ goats?
11. Why can’t the fish speak?
12. Why do stars look so small if many of them are bigger than the Sun?
13. Why do you read books before you go to sleep?
14. Why is the school closed?
15. Why shouldn’t I study too?
16. Who’s stopping you?
17. Why can’t you change the hours?
18. If you don’t teach, how will 1 learn?
19. Who do you think was the first girl to be admitted to the village primary school?

ii) Rearrange the words to make meaningful ‘Wh’ questions. Remember to use a capital letter to start a question and end with a question mark (?).
Ex. did / eat / what / you / yesterday?
A. What did you eat yesterday?
1. is / the Father / who / of / our Nation?
______________________
2. subject / which / your / is / favourite?
______________________
3. is / where / working / Sultan?
______________________
4. do / you / when / wake up?
______________________
5. project / will / whose / get / the / prize?
______________________
Answer:

1. Who is the Father of our Nation?
2. Which is your favourite subject?
3. Where is Sultan working?
4. When do you wake up?
5. Whose project will get the prize?

iii) Read the sentence given below. Frame wh – questions to get the underlined word as your answer.
Sangeetha planted a mango sapling in her backyard on her birthday because she loved mangoes.
Ex. Who planted a mango sapling?
A. Sangeetha

1. What did Sangeetha do?
Answer:
She planted a mango sapling

2. What did Sangeetha plant?
Answer:
A mango sapling

3. Where did she plant the mango sapling?
Answer:
In her backyard

4. When did Sangeetha plant the mango sapling?
Answer:
On her birthday

5. What did she love?
Answer:
Mangoes

B. Using ‘If Clause’:

Read the sentence from the text.
1. If you attend classes at Samiti, you will get to know all these things.
In the given sentence, the clause ‘If you attend the Samiti’ expresses the condition. The main clause ‘you will know all these’ tells about the effect or result of the condition.

Read the following sentences also.
2. If you are hungry, I will get you something to eat.
3. I will attend the party if she invites me.

Points to remember

i) The condition introduced by ‘if expresses a real possibility in future.
ii) If the verb in the ‘if clause’ is in the present tense, the main clause takes will+ verb.
iii) ‘If clause’ can be placed either before or after the main clause.
iv) When the ‘if clause’ comes before the main clause, a comma is used after the ‘if clause. When the ‘if clause comes after the main clause, a comma should not be used.

Complete the following sentences using appropriate clause.

1. If you are good at English, ______ (get better job)
2. If you ask the teacher, ______(clarify your doubts)
3. ______, you will get pink colour, (mix red and white)
4. If you dial 1098, the child helpline ______ (help you)
5. ______, it will bite you. (pull the dog’s tail)
Answer:
1. If you are good at English, you will get a better job.
2. If you ask the teacher, she will clarify vour doubts.
3. If you mix red and white, you will get pink colour.
4. If you dial 1098, the child helpline will help you.
5. If you pull the dog’s tail, it will bite you.

In the above sentences we find ‘if clause’ before the ‘main clause’. We can Write the sentences by interchanging their positions also. One is done for you.

1. You will get a better job if you are good at English.
2. ______________________
3. ______________________
4. ______________________
5. ______________________
Answer:

1. You will get a better job if you are good at English.
2. The teacher will clarify your doubts if you ask her.
3. You will get pink colour if you mix red and white.
4. The child helpline will help you if you dial 1098.
5. The dog will bite you if you pull its tail.

A. Work in groups. Develop a script for the story ‘The Why -Why Girl’ to present in the form of a drama.
Answer:
Script for Drama:

The Why-Why Girl

Characters : Moyna, Devi, Khiri, Malati

Devi : No, Moyna, don’t do that!
Moyna : But why? Why shouldn’t I?
Devi : It’s not a grass snake or a rat snake, it’s a cobra.
Moyna : Why shouldn’t I catch a cobra?
Devi : Why should you?
Moyna : We eat snakes, you know. The head you chop off, the skin you sell, the meat you cook.
Devi : Yes, but don’t do it this time.
Moyna : I will, I will.
Devi : No, child!
Moyna : But why ?
Devi : Come, come and rest for a little while.
Moyna : Why?
Devi : Aren’t you tired?
Moyna : Who will bring the goats home? And collect firewood and fetch water and lay traps for the birds?
Khiri : Moyna, don’t forget to thank the Babu for the rice he sent us.
Moyna : Why should I, mom ? Don’t 1 sweep the cowshed and do a thousand jobs for him? Does he ever thank me? Why should I?
Khiri : Never seen a child like this. All she keeps saying is‘Why’. No wonder the postman calls her Why-Why Girl!
Devi : I like her.
Khiri : But she’s very obstinate. Just won’t give in.
Moyna : Why do 1 have to walk so far to the river to fetch water? Why do we live in a leaf hut? Why can’t we eat rice twice a day? Why should 1 eat the leftovers? I will cook a delicious meal with green leaves and rice and crabs and chilli powder and eat with my family.
(That October, the narrator (Devi) stayed in the village for a month. One morning, Moyna declared that she would move in with the narrator.)
Khiri : No.
Moyna : (referring to the narrator) Why not? It’s a big hut. How much space does she need?
Khiri : What about going to work?
Moyna : I’ll go, but I’ll come here after work, (to the narrator) It (The mongoose) eats very little and chases away the bad snakes. The good snakes 1 catch and give to mother. She makes lovely snake curry. Pll bring some for you.
Malati : (to the narrator) She’ll exhaust you with her whys!
Moyna : Why do I have -to graze the Babus’ goats? Their boys can do it.
Moyna : Why can’t fish speak? Why do stars looks so small if many of them are bigger than the sun?
Moyna : Why do you read books before you go to sleep?
Devi : Because books have the answers to your why!
Moyna : I will learn to read and find the answers to my questions.
(When the narrator returned to the village a year later, the first thing she heard was Moyna’s voice.)
Moyna : Why is the school closed?
Malati : What do you mean, why?
Moyna : Why shouldn’t I study too?
Malati : Who’s stopping you?
Moyna : But there’s no class!
Malati : School is over for the day.
Moyna : Why?
Malati : Because, Moyna, I take classes from 9 to 11 in the morning,

Moyna : Why can’t you change the hours? I have to graze in the morning. I can come only after 11. If you don’t teach me, how will I learn? I will tell the old lady that none of us, goatherds and cowherds, can come if the hours are not changed.
At Moyna’s house …………

Moyna : (to her little sister and elder brother) You cut one tree and plant another two. You wash your hands before you eat, do you know why? You’ll get stomach pain if you don’t. You know nothing – do you know why? Because you don’t attend classes at the Samiti.
In the class …………

Moyna : (Moyna is 18 now. She teaches at the Samiti.) Don’t be lazy. Ask me questions. Ask me why mosquitoes should be destroyed, why the pole star is always in the north sky.
(Now the other children too are learning to ask ‘why’.)

B. Conventions of Writing.

Rewrite the following using appropriate punctuation marks.

aren’t you tired i asked moyna shook her head vigorously, who will bring the babu’s goats home and collect firewood and fetch water and lay the trap for the birds came moyna’s questions one after another.

“Aren’t you tired?” I asked. Moyna shook her head vigorously. “Who will bring the Babu’s goats home and collect firewood and fetch water, and lay the trap for the birds?” came Moyna’s questions, one after another.

Talking Time

Language Function: Giving Directions : Role-play the following conversation.
Sowrnya : Excuse me! Can you tell me the way to museum?
Ramya : Go straight. At the traffic lights, turn right. Go along the street. Walk past the park.
Sowmya : Shall I reach the museum?
Ramya : Certainly. If you go fifty meters ahead of the park, you will be there.
Sowmya : Great! Thanks for your help.
Ramya : You are welcome.

Language Functions to give Directions

• Go straight…
• Turn left / right at the junction / traffic lights
• Go past…
• Go over the junction…
• Go along the road until…
• The… is on your left/right.
• It’s opposite…
• It’s next to…
• It’s in between… and…

Project

Collect information about any successful woman in your district and write paragraph about her. Cover the following points.
Name
Place
Field in which she is famous
Interesting facts about her
Collect photos & Newspaper clippings
Answer:
Rithvika from Anantapur District :
|Nine-year-old Kadapala Rithvika Sri from Anantapur has conquered Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, which is African continent’s highest peak, along with her father and guide. She climbed to Gilman’s Point at 5,681 metres above mean sea level on 25 February, 2021.

Hailing from M Agraharam village in Tadimarri mandal, Rithvika Sri is a class 2 student of St Vincent De Paul English Medium School of Anantapur. Her father Shankar is a cricket coach and sports coordinator in the Special Olympics Bharat wing of RDT, Anantapur.

She took Level 1 training in mountaineering at Rock Climbing School at Bhongir in Telangana and Level 2 training at Ladakh. “Rithvika Sri took part in the mountaineering expedition with enthusiasm and she could make it in her first attempt,” Shankar said.

The District Collector Gandham Chandrudu gave financial assistance for her moun-taineering expedition. The Collector released 2.98 lakh from the SC Corporation funds for the expedition. Congratulating Rithvika Sri for her mountaineering feat, Chandrudu said he encouraged the girl as she has talent and commitment.

Yamini Krishnamurthy – Chittoor District :
Yamini Krishnamurthy was born in Madanapalli, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh. She was born on a full moon night, and her grandfather named her Yamini Poornatilaka, which means “a full mark on the brow of night.” She was brought up in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu. Her mother tongue is Telugu.

Yamini Krishnamurthy debuted in 1957 in Madras. She has the honour of being Asthana Nartaki (resident dancer) of the Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam. Some critics have observed that Yamini’s dancing reflects rhythm personified. She was also known as “torch bearer” of Kuchipudi form of dance.

She has a leading place as an exponent of Bharatanatyam and Kuchipudi. She imparts dance lessons to younger dancers at her institute, Yamini School of Dance, Hauz Khas, New Delhi.

She released her autobiography, “A Passion for Dance”, a book well received by the readers. Yamini Krishnamurthy has never been married.

Her dancing career brought her many awards, including the Padma Shree (1968) Padma Bhushan (2001), and Padma Vibhushan (2016), which are among the highest civilian awards of the Republic of India. She was honoured with “Natya Shastr&” award by Shambhavi School of Dance at “Nayika-Excellence Personified” on the occasion of Women’s Day on 8 March 2014. She gave a lecture demonstration on “Contribution of Woman to Kuchipudi”. She also released a Kuchipudi Dance DVD featuring Prateeksha Kashi who is the daughter of Kuchipudi Danseuse Smt.Vyjayanthi Kashi, artistic director of Shambhavi.

P. Santha Ktunari – Kadapa District :
Santha’Kumari was an Indian musical artist and film actress. Her original name was Vellaala Subbamma. She was born on 17 May 1920. She was married to the Telugu film . director and producer P. Pullaiah.

Vellaala Subbamrha was born in Proddatur town, (Kadapa District, Andhra Pradesh) to Sreenivasa Rao and Pedda Narasamma. Her father was an actor and her mother was a classical music singer. Santhakumari learned classical music and violin under the guidance of Professor P. Sambamurthy and was a classmate of D. K. Pattammal. She joined a drama troupe and was an AIR artiste by the age of sixteen. She came to Madras (now Chennai) to pursue a career in music. She found employment in Vidyodaya School for a remuneration of Rs 2 per month. She sang along with music director S. Rajeswara Rao for AIR.

Santhakumari debuted in Telugu Cinema with Mayabazar (also known as Sasirekhaa Parinayam) in 1936. In. the following year she was a member of the Cast of Sarangadhara, film that was directed by P. Pullaiah, whom she met and married in the same year.

The couple used the name of PadmaSree Pictures, named after their daughter Padma, for some of their movies and had success with films such as Jayabheri (1959), Sri Venkateswara Mahatyam (1960), and Preminchi Choodu (1965). Santhakumari acted in most of the movies that were made by her husband, including Shavukaru (1950), Ardhangi (1955), Sri Venkateswara Mahatyam (1960), Shanti Nivasam (1960), and Ramudu Bheemudu (1964).

In 1947, the couple started the Ragini Pictures banner with Bheemavarapu Narasimha Rao and Bhakta Jana. They made 22 films on both PadmaSree and Ragini banners put together. She played many lead and supporting roles, with around 250 appearances in total.

Shobha Nagireddy – Kurnool District :
Shobha Nagi Reddy was an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh, India. She represented the Allagadda constituency of Kurnool District in the Legislative Assembly of Andhra Pradesh for four terms until 2012. She served as the chairperson of Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC) having previously been General Secretary and also a state committee member in Telugu Desam Party. In 2012, she joined the newly formed YSR Congress. Her husband Bhuma Nagi Reddy is also a politician who served twice as a Member of Legislative Assembly and thrice as a Member of Parliament.

Shobha Nagireddy was the younger daughter of S. V. Subba Reddy, and sister of Nagarathamma.a politician and former minister from Andhra Pradesh. She was born and brought up in Allagadda, Kurnool,’Andhra Pradesh where she studied up to Intermediate. Her elder brother* S.V. Mohan Reddy, is also a politician and has brother- in-law Ramachandra Reddy.

Shoba Nagireddy first became actively engaged in politics in 1996, prior to which she was a housewife. Her husband, Bhuma Nagireddy, was elected as a Member of Parliament and so had to resign from his post as a Member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Allagadda constituency. Fighting as a candidate of Telugu Desam Party, she was elected to the vacant Assembly seat. She was elected four times consecutively to the state Assembly. She is the only woman in AP to have been legislator, along with her father, for two consecutive terms.

Shobha Nagireddy won Allagadda state assembly constituency posthumously which she has contested as YSR Congress candidate in the 2014 state election conduction May 7 of that year just days after her sudden death, by-election date announced soon. AUagadda Assembly constituency could be Seema Andhra first election mandate post bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly. Sh- it her life in an accident in the late hours of 23 April 2014.

Vanisri – Nellore District :
Vanisri was born as Ratna Kumari in Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India in 1948. Her early life was marred with tragic losses: three members of her family, including her father, died of tuberculosis in a span of one month.

When she was 12 years old, she participated in a dance function at her school. In the audience was a Kannada film director, who thought she resembled actress Savithri Ganesh, then the top female star in South India. He offered Ratna the lead role in his Kannada film, and she took it despite her mother’s initial objections. The film became a hit, and she was offered more Kannada and Tamil films.

As her visibility grew, Telugu film offers came. She became the topmost heroine in the 1970’s with more hits like “Dasara Bolludu,” and “Prem Nagar.” Around this time, the South Indian film industry was gradually converting from black-and-white to color films, and Vanisri took full advantage of her appearance in color films. She wore bright costumes and applied heavy pancake makeup to cover up her dark complexion. She applied variety of lipsticks and bhindis. She experimented with different hairstyles, and her striking appearance soon caught on and she became the trendy, glamorous star.

However, her greatest asset was her highly photogenic face, and she was friendly with all her cameramen who made sure she looked her very best onscreen. But, she never sacrificed the substance of her roles for her decorative appearance. She played dramatic roles and title roles, including double roles in “Vani Rani,” “Ganga Manga,” Iddaru ammayulu” and Secretary. She won acting awards for her superlative performances in “Krishnaveni” and “Jeevana Jyothi”. Her fame had reached its peak in 1976, when Filmfare magazine decided to do a special feature on the Telugu film industry anct put Vanisri on the cover.

She married her family doctor in 1979 and left films. Even then, she bent society’s norms. She was 30, at a time when the average marrying age for a girl was in her early 20’s.

In 1989, Vanisri returned to films with “Athaku Yamudu Ammayiki Mogodu,” where she had a supporting role as an arrogant mother-in-law. She used her name and money for humanitarian causes.

Purandareswari – Prakasam District :
Daggubati Purandareswari (born 22 April 1959) is an Indian politician from the state of Andhra Pradesh. She represented the Visakhapatnam constituency of Andhra Pradesh as a Member of Parliament in the 15th Lok Sabha of India.She had previously represented the Bapatla constituency in the 14th Lok Sabha, during which period she served as the Minister of State in the Ministry of Human Resource Development. She joined the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) on 7 March 2014. In 2014, she fought the Lok Sabha election on a BJP ticket from Rajampet and lost. Purandareswari was appointed BJP Mahila Morcha Prabhari.

Born to Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao and Basavatarakam, she did her schooling from Sacred Heart Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Church Park, Chennai. She has a Bachelor of Arts from the South Indian Educational Trust and Women College (Chennai) (renamed as the Bashir Ahmed Sayeed College for Women), followed by a short course in gemology at the Gemological Institute of India. Later she established Hyderabad Institute of Gem and Jewellery. She can read, write and speak five languages, English, Telugu, Tamil, Hindi and French. She is versatile in the Indian dance form Kuchipudi.

She participated in debate on various bills such as ‘Domestic Violence Bill, Hindu Succession Amendment Bill, and the bill on the establishment of special courts exclusively for trying cases of women to name a few’ and made meaningful contribu-tions. In appreciation of her performance in Parliament, the Asian Age adjudged her as the best Parliamentarian for 2004-05.

Sunitha – Guntur District :
Sunitha Upadrasta is an Indian playback singer and voice actor who primarily works in Telugu films. She is a recipient of nine Nandi Awards and two Filmfare
Awards South in various categories.

Sunitha was born on 10 May 1978. Her parents Upadrasta Narasimha Rao and Sumathi (Maiden Name Malladi) are well known to music lovers at Vijayawada and Guntur.

Sunitha at the age of 6, got training in music from Pemmaraju Surya Rao in Carnatic Vocal and Light music from Kalaga Krishna Mohan. At a very early age, she got many opportunities to participate and perform in several concerts, including well known programs featured by All India Radio. At the age.of 13, she also participated in Tyagaraja Aradhana utsavalu along with her guru Pemmaraju Surya Rao. She received numerous awards and appreciations in various competitions for her performances as a child prodigy, one of the special mentions is her scholarship from Central Government to pursue her musical trainings.

She has begun her singing career as a playback singer in films at an age of 17. Sasi Preetham, a music director first gave her a chance to sing in her debut film Gulabi and her debut song is “Ee Vela Lo Neevu” written by Sirivennela Sitaramasastri. She sang single card for the National Film Award movie in Kannada Bhoomi Geetha in 1997, music composed by Ilaiyaraaja. Apart from that she also sang Telugu TV serial title songs such as Ruturagalu & Antarangalu. She received her first Nandi Award from the state of Andhra Pradesh for singing title song of Antarangalu in 1999.

She has worked under the supervision of music directors like Ilaiyaraja, Vidya Sagar, M.M. Keeravani, A.R Rahman, S.V. Krishna Reddy, Koti, Raj, Vandematharam Srinivas, Mani Sharma, Ramana Gogula, S.A. Raj Kumar, Sandeep Choutha, Micky-J-Mayer, Devisri Prasad, R.P. Patnaik, Chakri, Nihal, Kalyani Malik, Anup, Sunil Kashyap, Saluri Vasu Rao, Madhavapeddi Suresh, Saketha Sairam, Bunty, V. Harikrishna, Jassie Gift. S. Thaman, etc. She rendered nearly 3000 songs in many south Indian films. She has sung in Telugu, Tamil and Kannada.

Koneru Humpy – Krishna District :
Koneru Humpy is a Female Indian Chess Player, and arguably the best woman at the Chess Board that the nation has ever produced. Considered to be at par with Vishwanathan Anand among the Female Chess Players of India, she holds a World No. 2 ranking among the Female Chess Players, lagged behind only by Judit Polgar, the World No. 1 Female Chess Player.

She was born on the 31st of March 1987 at Gudivada, a place in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Her father, Ashok Koneru worked as a lecturer in Chemistry and was himself a wonderful Chess Player, having won the South India Open Championship in 1985. Young Humpy got attracted towards the game at a very young age of just 5 years. She caught everybody’s attention for the first time when she won the Under 8 National Chess Championship in the year 1995.

Humpy got an International Master title in the year 1999 at the age of 12 years. Further, she achieved her 3rd Grand Master norm in the Elekes Memorial Grand Master Tournament held at Budapest, Hungary. Koneru created a world record by earning the International Grand Master title at the age of 15 years 1 mopth and 29 days.

At Doha Asian Games 2006, Koneru Humpy made the nation proud by bagging two Gold Medals in the Individual as well as Team event of Chess. She also won the International Open Chess Tournament 2007 held at Kaupthing, Luxembourg. In October 2007, Humpy scored a FIDE Elo rating of 2606 points, which lagged her behind only the World No. 1 Female Chess Player, Judit Polgar. Humpy has broken the world record set by Susan Polgar who had a rating of 2577 points while she was at the World No. 2 spot. Humpy has also been the second woman ever in the history of Chess who has crossed the 2600 points mark, Judit being the first one to do so.

To commemorate her exceptional skills and achievements, the Government of India bestowed upon her the coveted Arjuna Award in the year 2003. Further, in the year 2007 she was awarded with the prestigious Padma Shri award. Humpy was also conferred upon the Raja Lakshmi Award in the year 2008 by Raja Lakshmi Foundation of Chennai.

Gidla Sujatha – East Godavari District :
Sujatha Gidla is an Indian-American author. Gidla is known for her book Ants Among Elephants: An Untouchable Family and the Making of Modern India. She was born in Andhra Pradesh and moved to the United States in 1990, when she was 26 years old. She now lives in New York and works as a conductor on the New York City Subway.

Sujatha Gidla was raised in the Dalit community of Kakinada, a small town in present- day Andhra Pradesh. Gidla’s parents were college lecturers. After getting her bachelor’s degree from State-run Pithapuram Rajah Government College in Kakinada, Gidla enrolled in a Masters’ program in Physics in Regional Engineering College, Warangal.

Gidla then worked as a researcher associate in the Department of Applied Physics in Indian Institute of Technology Madras, where she worked on a project funded by Indian Space Research Organisation. She moved to the United States when she was 26.

Gidla is known for her book Ants Among Elephants: An Ufitouchable Family and the Making of Modern India.

Geetha Madhuri – West Godavari District :
Geetha Madhuri is a well known South Indian Playback singer. She received Filmfare and Nandi awards for the song Ninne Ninne from Nachavule. She is basically from Palakollu, West Godavari. She was born to Prabhakar Sastry Sonti and Lakshmi. She completed her schooling from Loyola, Vanasthalipuram. Her parents moved to Hyderabad for her career at a very young age.

Geetha Madhuri is a successful singer and dubbing artist, mainly connected with the Tollywood, Kollywood and Mollywood South Indian Cinema Industries. Originally, she was trained in the little musicians Academy under Ramachari Garu and Kocharlakota Padmavati Garu.

The Telugu film Premalekha Rasa director Kulasekhar offered her debut as a playback singer. She has been never looking back in her profession since then. In countries including Singapore, London, USA and Dubai she has attended music programmes.

She has performed along with popular Indian singers including Mano, Chitra, S.P Balasubrahmanyam, MM Keervani and others. Geetha Madhuri is renowned for her strong partnerships with prominent music directors, such as MM. Keervani, Ilayaraja, Koti, RP. Patnaik, Vandematarafn Srinivas, Kalyani Malik, Anup Rubens, Ramana Gogula, and Devi Sri Prasad.

She has appeared in famous Telugu TV shows such as Swarabhishekam, MAA TV Super Singer 7, Super Masti, etc. She has released over 550 movie and album songs in Telugu, Tamil, Kannada and Malayalam.

She became the best female playback singer in Telugu with the largest number of Filmfare Awards. She has won the Swara Saraswathi Award, Nandi Award for Best Female Playback Singer, Maa Award Female Playback Singer, and several others.

P. Suseela – Vizianagaram District :
Pulapaka Susheela (born 13 November 1935), popularly known as P. Susheela, is an Indian playback singefr associated with the South Indian cinema primarily from Andhra Pradesh for over six decades. She is one of the greatest and best-known playback singers in India.

Susheela was born in Andhra Pradesh, India, as the daughter of Pulapaka Mukunda Rao, a leading advocate in Vizianagaram, Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh State. She is married to Dr. Mohan Rao; they have a son named Jayakrishna. Her niece, Sandhya Jayakrishna, is a singer who debuted with A. R. Rahman in Iruvar and she has two granddaughters.

She has been recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as well as by the Asia Book of Records for performing a record number of songs in different Indian languages. She is also the recipient of five National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer and numerous state awards. Susheela is widely acclaimed as a singer who defined feminism in South Indian cinema and is well known for her mellifluous vocal performances for over 50,000 film songs across South Indian languages.

Karanam Malleswari – Srikakulam District :
Karanam Malleswari was born in Voosavanipeta, a small village in Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh and groomed up with four siblings. She started her training under the guidance of Neelamshetty Appanna at the age of twelve. When other girls were learning to tie up their plaits properly, Karanam was trying to lift heavy barbells, streng¬thening her biceps. Karanam along with her sister Krishna Kumari switched to Delhi . for better opportunities for her passion Where her grit was spotted by the Sports Authority of India that paved her way to join the national camp in 1990. After three years, Karanam won a bronze medal at the World Championship and post a year in 1994, became the World Champion, the feat she replicated the next year. Besides this, Karanam also bagged medals at various international stages with her power-pack performance including the World Championships, Asian Games and other national and state championships. In 2000, Karanam qualified for the biggest stage of sports- Olympics and she eventually scripted her name in the history by crediting the nation its first and only Olympic medal (bronze) in weight lifting.

In 1997, Karanam married to her fellow weightlifter Rajesh Tyagi. The Government . of India honoured her with Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award and Padma Shri in 1999. She became the mother of a son in 2001 after which she was supposed to quit sports, but Karanam denied it all and prepared hard for the 2002 Commonwealth Games. But this time, destiny was not in her favour, and she had to withdraw her name because of her father’s demise. Karanam didn’t lose her will to perform and participated at the 2004 Olympic Games but failed to score and bid farewell to the world of sports. At present, Karanam is happily serving the Food Corporation of India as the Chief General Manager (General Administration).

Although it has been many years of retirement yet, Karaham has the same will and passion for encouraging sports in the nation and wants girls to perform beyond expectations. India is really proud to have her who never failed to uplift the stature of the country through her gifted talents in weightlifting and donned the colours of victory with all her sincere efforts.

The Delhi government, on 22nd June 202. appointed former Olympic medalist weightlifter Karanam Malleswari as the first Vice Chancellor of Delhi Sports University.

Shobha Naidu – Visakhapatnam District :
Shobha Naidu was born in 1956 in Anakapalle, Visakhapatnam in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. She was an Indian dancer and choreographer who was known for her performance in Kuchipudi dance form.

Shobha Naidu was born in 1956 in Andhra Pradesh. She was widely known as the dancer and had a specialization in the Kuchipudi dance form. She completed her studies at Queen Mary’s College. Vempati Chinna Satyam was her master who helped her to master her skills in Kuchipudi. She started practicing dancing from a very young age. She also had formed her own dance group and used to perform in different parts of India and abroad.

As a dancer, her excellence was in Satyabhama and Padmavati. Besides performing with a group, she used to give solo performances also. Kuchipudi art academy also selected her as its principal. She used to impart training to younger students in the academy. She also taught dancing to school Students for almost 30 years. School also celebrated her achievements. Various dance dramas were also choreographed by her. Krishna Gana Sabha also honored her with the Nritya Choodamani title. In her career, she has choreographed around 80 solo dance performances and 15 Ballets.

She was such a great dancer that she was admired all over the world and not just in India. She also had the honor.to represent India at various cultural events held in Syria, Turkey, and the U.K. She in her career was honoured with the Padma Shri award in 2001.

Listening

Listen to the story and answer the questions.

THE CAMEL AND THE BABY
One day, a camel and her baby were chatting. The baby asked, “Mother, why do we have humps?’ The mother replied, “Our humps are for storing water so that we survive in the desert.”

“Oh!” said the child, “and why do we have rounded feet mother?” The mother replied,. that is “because they are meant to help us walk comfortably in the desert. These legs help us move around in the sand.”

The baby asked, “Alright. But why are our eyelashes so long?” “To protect our eyes from the desert dust and sand. They are the protective covers for the eyes,” replied the mother camel.

The baby camel thought for a while and said, “So we have humps to store water for desert journeys, rounded hooves to keep us comfortable when we walk in the desert sand, and long eyelashes to protect us from sand and dust during a desert storm. Then what are we doing in zoo???”

The mother was dumbfounded.

Questions:
1. Who are the characters in the story?
Answer:
The Camel and her Baby

2. Where do camels’usually live?
Answer:
In the deserts

3. The camels in the story are in …………
(a) a desert
(b) a zoo
(c) a village
Answer:
(b) a zoo

4. The humps of the camels help in ……………..
(a) storing food
(b) storing water
(c) walking through the desert.
Answer:
(b) storing water

5. The camel’s long eyelashes protect them from ………………
(a) dust
(b)sand
(c) dust and sand
Answer:
(c) dust and sand

Fun Time

Try the following riddles.

1. I act like a cat.
I look like a cat.
Yet I am not a cat.
What am I?
Answer:
The kitten

2. I can fly but
I have no wings
I can cry but
I have no eyes
What am I?
Answer:
Cloud

Study Skill

Read the data given in the table and answer the given questions :
Reasons for dropouts among children aged 5 -14 years ( 1997-98)

1. What is the table about?
Answer:
The table is about Reasons for dropouts among children aged 5 -14 years ( 1997-98)

2. What is the major reason for dropouts in urban areas?
Answer:
Ctiild not interested in studies

3. What is the total percentage of dropouts in urban areas due to financial constraints?
a) 15.8
b) 11.2
c)34.7
Answer:
a) 15.8

4. Which reason is the least significant for dropouts?
a) Financial constraints
b) to work for daily wages
c) other reasons
Answer:
b) to work for daily wages

5. What is the total percentage of dropouts due to other reasons in rural areas?
a) 3.2
b) 4.2
c) 7.4
Answer:
c) 7.4

The Why – Why Girl Summary

‘The Why-Why Girl’ is an inspiring story written by the Jnanapith award winning writer Mahasweta Devi.

Moyna belonged to a tribal community called Shabars. They were poor and did not own land. The Shabars did not usually send their daughters to work. But Moyna’s had to work because Moyna’s mother had a bad leg and so couldn’t walk properly. Her father had gone to Jamshedpur in search of work and her brother Gora, went to the forest every day to collect firewood. Moyna cannot go to school because she has to tend the goats, collect the firewood, fetch the water and do other works of the landlord. Moyna never thanked the landlords for giving left over rice. She is so full of questions that the postman calls her the ‘why – why girl’. Moyna was barely ten years old when the narrator found her chasing a cobra. She dragged Moyna into the Samiti office, where her mother works.

One day Moyna went to narrator’s house to live with her, with a set of clothes and her pet mongoose. She asked the narrator countless questions including why she reads book before going to sleep.-The narrator replied that reading is a way of finding answers to all her questions. At that moment Moyna decided to go to school and find answers to all her questions. At last Moyna became a teacher of primary school en¬couraging students to ask questions. Moyna is an inspiration and motivation for all of us.

The Why – Why Girl About the Author

Mahasweta Devi was an Indian writer in Bengali and an activist. She was born on 14th Jan 1926. Her notable literary works include Rudali, Aranyer and Adhikar. She raised issues of politics, gender and class. She was honoured with Sahitya Academy Award, Jnanpith Award, Padma Vibhushan, Banga Bibhushan and Ramon Magasaysay Award. She died on 28th July 2016. The Why-Why Girl is her first picture book beautifully illustrated by Kanyika Kini.

Meanings For Difficult Words

chasing (v) : pursuing or following someone or something to catch
dragged (v) : pulled along forcefully
vigorously (adj) : energetic and lively
obstinate (adj) : stubborn, refusing to change one’s opinion
unyielding (adj) : not giving way to pressure
Shabar (n) : a group of tribes in Odisha and West Bengal
tended (v) : took care of something or someone
exhaust (v) : make (someone) feel tired
retorted (v) : said something in anger or in a witty manner
bleat (n) : wavering cry made by a sheep or goat
impatient (adj) : showing a tendency to be quickly irritated

Be The Best of Whatever You Are Poem

If you can’t be a pine on the top of the hill,
Be a scrub in the valley – but be
The best little scrub’by the side of the rill;
Be a bush if you can’t be a tree.
If you can’t be a bush be a bit of the grass,
And some highway happier make;
If you can’t be a muskie then just be a bass –
But the liveliest bass in the lake!
We can’t all be captains, we’ve got to be crew,
There’s something for all of us here,
There’s big work to do, and there’s lesser to do,
And the task you must do is the near.
If you can’t be a highway then just be a trail,
If you can’t be the sun be a star;
It isn’t by size that you win or you fail
Be the best of whatever you are!

Comprehension

A. Choose the correct options to complete the sentences

1. If you can’t be a pine tree, be a …………..
a) rill
b) hill
c) scrub
Answer:
c) scrub

2. If you can’t be a tree, be a …………..
a) bush
b) branch
c) flower
Answer:
a) bush

3. If you can’t be the ………….. be the crew.
a) leader
b) officer
c) captain
Answer:
c) captain

4. What is less important?
a) no job
b) all the jobs
c) only some jobs
Answer:
a) no job

5. The poet wants us to be the …………. of whatever job/work we do
a) hard working
b) honest
c) best
Answer:
c) best

B. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What kind of a scrub one must be, if one can’t be a pinie tree?
Answer:
If one cannot become a pine tree that grows on hills and mountains with all splendor, one must be a little scrub that must be best of its kind.

Question 2.
What does the poet suggest to become if we can’t be the Sun?
Answer:
The poet suggests to become a star if we can’t be the Sun. One’s size does not decide one’s success but one’s excellence. ■

Question 3.
How does the poet want us to be in our work?
Answer:
He wants us to be the best in our work.

Question 4.
Which work/job is great according to the poet’s opinion?
Answer:
No work has less importance. All works have their own importance.

Question 5.
What is the central idea of the poem?
Answer:
The central idea of the poem is to inspire and motivate us to improve ourselves on the point where we stand in society. The poem tells us to make the best use of available opportunities and resources.

C. Pick out the rhyming words from the poem and write them in space given. One is done for you.

Answer:
1. hill – rill
2. be – tree
3. grass – bass
4. make – lake
5. crew – do
6. here – near
7. trail – fail
8. star – are

Check Point

Be The Best of Whatever You Are Summary

The poem Be the Best of whatever you are is a beautiful piece of poetry by Douglas Malloch. The poet has tried to inspire and motivate us to improve ourselves on the point where we stand in society. The poem tells us to make the best use of available opportunities and resources.

Stanza 1 :
In this stanza, the poet says that if you cannot become a pine tree that grows on hills and mountains with all splendor, be a little scrub that must be best of its kind. Here the poet points to the fact that quality matters, not the quantity.

If you cannot become a pine tree on a forest hell which is tall and strong, do not stop becoming. You have other options as well. Try to be a scrub in the valley. It does not matter what you become. What matters really is that whether you are best in it or not. Here, the poet conveys the message that if you a choice is not appropriate for, do not be hopeless. You have much more than it to become.

Stanza 2 :
In this stanza, the poet says that even if you are unable to become a bush, this is not really disappointing. You can be a bit of grass instead. Although both differ in sizes and functions, they are equally important. By showing these two examples, the poet has emphasized the necessity of excelling in something small rather than playing bad in something big.

Stanza 3 :
In this stanza the poet tries to convey to us the message that diversity is beautiful. Our differences are like color. Each is beautiful in itself. Not everyone can be the captain of the ship. There are some people who are to be on the crew. Both the captain and the crew have different functions to play. In case if we cannot become a captain, we have the opportunity to become a part of the crew and offer our services.

Stanza 4 :
In these lines, the poet says that paths are needed to reach from one point to another. They all are important, for every destination has a different path. In this way, if you cannot be a stretched highway which symbolizes greatness in size, you can become a trail that also provides navigation to the travelers. Likewise, if you are unable to be the sun, be a star. Your size does not decide your success but your excellence.

Be The Best of Whatever You Are About the Author

Douglas Malloch (May 5, 1877 – July 2, 1938) was an American poet, short-story writer and Associate Editor of American Lum¬berman, a trade paper in Chicago. He was known as a “Lumberman’s poet” both locally and nationally. He is noted for writing Round River Drive and “Be the Best of Whatever You Are” in addition to many other creations. He wrote many poems like ‘A Man’, ‘Ain’t I fine today?’, etc.

Meanings For Difficult Words

scrub (n) : bush
rill (n) : streamlet
muskie (n) : a species of fish found in North America (big in size)
bass (n) : a sea or freshwater fish that is used for food (black basses, Asian basses, etc.)
crew (n) : staff

SCERT AP 7th Class English Government Textbook Answers 5th Lesson The Art of Weaving Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Unit 5 Questions and Answers The Art of Weaving

7th Class English Unit 5 The Art of Weaving Textbook Questions and Answers

Look at the following picture and answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
Have you seen any of these in your locality/place?
Answer:
Yes, I have seen this kind puppets in my primary school.

Question 2.
How do they make these puppets?
Answer:
They make these puppets with sticks, ropes, paper, cardboards, etc.

Question 3.
Have you ever tried any craft?
Answer:
No, I have never tried any craft.

Question 4.
Are there any craftsmen/craftswomen in your village/area?
Answer:
Yes, there are some craftsmen in our village. There are people who work on Embroidery, Knitting, Lace-making, Woodcraft, Pottery, Jewellery, etc.

Question 5.
What art/craft do you like the most?
Answer:
I like woodcraft and pottery most.

Reading Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What is the specialty of a Mangalagiri saree?
Answer:
The Nizam design is a unique characteristic feature of Mangalagiri saree. The uniqueness of Mangalgiri cotton is because of its durability. The body and the pallu is embellished with zari or golden thread work with a Nizam border and geometrical and simple designs.

Question 2.
Explain what the warp and the weft are.
Answer:
The warp is the vertical thread and the weft is the horizontal thread.

Question 3.
Why do the weavers perform street-sizing?
Answer:
Street-sizing is the extension of the warp, spraying of starch and brushing followed by drying to get the fabric ready.

Question 4.
What problems do the weavers of Mangalagiri face?
Answer:
The weavers face many problems in the textile industry. They face tough competition, change in fashion, trends, scarcity of raw material and the involvement of middle men.

Question 5.
Are the handloom fabrics expensive? Why?
Answer:
Weaving fabric on a hand loom is more expensive than that of a power loom because the fabric is woven manually.

B. Arrange the following sentences in sequential order and write them in the space provided.

1) The yarn is kept in the sunlight for drying.
2) The street sizing process is done to make the thread thick and strong.
3) The yarn is boiled and sent for dyeing.
4) The yarn is rolled on an iron rod and fixed on a loom to weave.
5) The yarn bundles are placed on spinning wheel.
Answer:
3) The yarn is boiled and sent for dyeing.
5) The yarn bundles are placed on spinning wheel.
2) The street sizing process is done to make the thread thick and strong.
1) The yarn is kept in the sunlight for. drying.
4) The yarn is rolled on an iron rod and fixed on a loom to weave.

C. Read the following statements and say whether they are true or false.

1) Power lev ms are more expensive than handlooms. [ ]
2) Warp and weft is an interlacing method of weaving. [ ]
3) Warp refers to horizontal threads on woven cloth. [ ]
4) Nizam border is a unique feature of Mangalagiri saree. [ ]
5) Mangalagiri is a small town in Vijayawada district. [ ]
Answer:

1. False
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. False

Correct the false statements and write them here :
1) ……………………………………….
2) ……………………………………….
3) ……………………………………….
4) ……………………………………….
5) ……………………………………….

Correct the false statements and write them here:
1) Handlooms are more expensive than power looms.
3) Warp refers to vertical threads on woven cloth.
5) Mangalagiri is a small town in Guntur district.

Vocabulary

A. Match the following words denoting their profession or trade.

1. A person who makes pots	a. tinker
2. A person who weaves fabric	b. sculptor
3. A person who goes from place to place to mend pots, pans, etc.	c. florist
4. A person who makes furniture	d. potter
5. A person who carves stones into idols	e. carpenter
6. A person who sells flowers	f. weaver

Answer:

1. A person who makes pots	d. potter
2. A person who weaves fabric	f. weaver
3. A person who goes from place to place to mend pots, pans, etc.	a. tinker
4. A person who makes furniture	e. carpenter
5. A person who carves stones into idols	b. sculptor
6. A person who sells flowers	c. florist

B. Read the following:

Today I helped my mom in the kitchen. I carefully cut the vegetables and my mom slowly placed them into a boiling pot of water. Next, mom quickly browned the onions while I patiently peeled off the potatoes. Immediately, my mom deeply fried the potatoes also. 1 eagerly waited for my nqxt job, which was to gently sprinkle spices into the vegetable soup. But I accidentally poured too much cumin. I quietly told my mom my mistake, and she sweetly told me that, initially, we made such mistakes. Gradually, you would be out of confusion.

In the above event, there are many words ending in ly. They are adverbs. They are formed by adding ‘ly’ to adjectives.
Adjective + ly = Adverb

E.g : approximate + ly

Identify the adverbs from the paragraph given above and write them in the space given.

Answer:

Look at the following image and make adverbs by adding ‘ly’. One is done for you.

Answer:

1. happily
2. angrily
3. greatly
4. quickly
5. broadly
6. cleanly
7. beautifully
8. colourlessly

C. Let’s learn some idioms to express ‘happiness’.

Use these idiomatic expressions in your own sentences. One is done for you.
E.g. I have been over the moon when I got gold medal in the National Athletics.
1. ……………………………………….
2. ……………………………………….
3. ……………………………………….
4. ……………………………………….
5. ……………………………………….
Answer:
1. walking on air:
Answer:
After the delivery of her baby, she was walking on air.

2. happy camper:
Answer:
There are no happy campers after the COVID-19.

3. jump for joy:
Answer:
We exactly jump for joy after our results.

4. have stars in your eyes:
Answer:
When she left the school, she had stars in her eyes.

5. on top of the world:
Answer:
She felt on top of the world when she was elected in the elections.

Grammar

A. Read the following sentences from the text:
One of us enquired, “Sir, what are you doing?”
He replied, “I am weaving a saree on the loom.”

Observe the verb in the sentence. It is in present progressive tense. It denotes the ‘on going’ actions.

Present Continuous tense / Progressive tense :

When Mary visits Kavya’s home to play, Kavya, her brother Naveen, and her neighbour Bibi are working in the garden.

Read the conversation among them.
Mary : Hello! Friends, what are you doing here?
Kavya : I’m digging a pit, Mary.
Naveen : I’m clearing the clay from the pit.
Mary : What are you plucking Bibi ?
Bibi : I’m plucking weeds in the garden.
Mary : Why are you digging the pit?
Kavya : We are planning to grow a rose plant here.
Mary : You are doing a very good job. Keep it up.

You might have noticed the use of present progressive tense in the above conversation.
Look!, Hear!, See!, Watch!, Listen!, etc. are generally used in present continuous tense.

Ex : Look ! I’m drawing.
See ! how the peacock is dancing.
Listen! I’m talking to you.

1. Frame as many sentences as you can from the following table.

a) …………………………………………..
b) …………………………………………..
c) …………………………………………..
d) …………………………………………..
e) …………………………………………..
Answer:

1. I am making sweets for me.
2. We are writing English homework.
3. You are not writing English homework.
4. He is folding cloth on handloom.
5. She is not weaving sarees in the room.
6. She is not cutting sweets for me.
7. They are boiling water in the pot.
8. I am not boiling water in the pot.
9. We are not folding cloth on the handloom.
10. He is not cutting sweets for me.
11. She is not making sweets for me.
12. They are writing English homework.
13. You are boiling water in the pot.
14. I am not weaving sarees in the room.
15. We are not making sweets for me.

2. Write meaningful sentences using present continuous tense with the sets of words given.
a) butterflies- fly- garden ……………………………………………………
b) dogs – run – street ……………………………………………………
c) baby – crawl- floor ……………………………………………………
d) boy – dance – stage ……………………………………………………
e) girl – paint – picture ……………………………………………………
Answer:
a) Butterflies are flying in the garden,
b) Dogs are running in the street,
c) A baby is crawling on the floor,
d) A boy is dancing on the stage.
e) A girl is painting a picture.

B. Reported Speech

Look at the following sentences from the lesson.
1. Ramaiah, a weaver, greeted with a smile and replied, “We are street-sizing.”
2. He replied, “I am weaving a saree on the loom. ”

The part of the sentence that is kept within the inverted commas is the sentence actually spoken by the speaker. So, the above sentences are said to be in Direct Speech.

When the same sentences are told by someone other than the speaker they are said to be in Indirect speech (Reported Speech).

e.g. 1. Ramaiah, a weaver, greeted with a smile and replied that they were street-sizing.
2. He replied that he was weaving a saree on the loom.

Let’s observe the underlined words in the above sentences.
“that” is used as conjunction.

‘are’ in the sentence (1) has become ‘were’ and ‘am weaving’ in the sentence (2) has become ‘was weaving’.

Pronoun ‘we’ in the sentence (1) has become ‘they’.
‘I’ in the sentence (2) has become ‘he’.

Now, read the following conversation and complete the passage that follows.

The weaver :
Along with 5 persons, I have to work in each stage to weave a saree.

The students :
We are very happy to learn from you.

The weaver told the students ________ along with 5 to 6 persons ________ had to work in each stage to weave a saree and the students replied him _____, ____ were verv hannV to learn from him.
Answer:
The weaver told the students that along with 5 to 6 persons he had to work in each stage to weave a saree and the students replied him that they were very happy to learn from him.

C. Observe the position of the objects/things in the given picture.

Now, Read the following sentences. Tick (✓) the suitable preposition.
1. The fridge is in between/among the door and the clock.
2. The clock is before / on the wall.
3. The car is before/under the table.
4. The chair is placed against/before the table.
5. The books are on / in the shelf.
Answer:

Writing

Go through the following invitation card.

Now, prepare an invitation card for a handicraft exhibition cum sale.

(Items of display: handloom fabrics, mats, designing pots, clay dolls, wall hangings etc., – 29-7-2021 -10.00 am to 5.30 p.m. – free entry- District Handloom Cooperative Society-by Homage to Heritage Association, Andhra Pradesh)

Talking Time

1. Role-play:
Jaya : Hallo! What are you doing?
Riya : I’m getting ready for the party.
Jaya : Oh! Really, How are you going there? .
Riya : Hmmm! We are going there by car.
Jaya : I see. Are your children coming?
Riya : Yes. They are coming.
Jaya : I am also planning to bring my children.
Riya : Oh! Very nice. Meet you there. Bye.

Language Function :
Here is a conversation between two friends in the classroom.

Raheem : Good morning, Shyam! Are you searching for something?
Shyam : You are right. I am searching for my English notebook.
Raheem : You gave it to our English teacher yesterday, didn’t you?
Shyam : Oh, My goodness! You have also given your notes, haven’t you?
Raheem : Yes, Bobby has given my notes to the teacher, hasn’t he??
Shyam : Okay. We shall collect them from our teacher, shan’t we?

In the above conversation ‘didn’t you’, ‘haven’t you’, ‘hasn’t he’, ‘shan’t we’ are tag questions. Tag questions are used to get confirmation.
Eg: Monika is a good girl, isn’t she?

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable question tag given in the box.

1. You like chocolates, _________ ?
2. She is amazing, _________ ?
3. You can’t sing, _________ ?
4. You are my best friend, _________ ?
5. I’m a good boy, _________ ?
6. They are reading books, _________ ?
7. My father doesn’t cook well, _________ ?
8. He wasn’t listening, _________ ?

Answer:

1. You like chocolates, don’t you?
2. She is amazing, isn’t she?
3. You can’t sing, can you?
4. You are my best friend, aren’t you?
5. I’m a good boy, aren’t I?
6. They are reading books, aren’t they?
7. My father doesn’t cook well, does he?
8. He wasn’t listening, was he?

Read the words aloud :
Identify the silent letters in the following words while your teacher is reading them aloud.

Answer:

Study Skill

Read the bar diagram carefully and answer the following questions.
HANDICRAFTS EXPORT
Source : Ministry of Textiles (Rs. in Crores)

1. What is the bar diagram about?
Answer:
The bar diagram is about Handicrafts Export.

2. What is the source of the information?
Answer:
Ministry of Textiles.

3. How many financial years are covered?
Answer:
Seven (7)

4. The export value was the highest in ( C )
A) 1990-91
B) 2000-01
C) 2002-03
Answer:
C) 2002-03

5. The observed trend for exports is ( A )
A) always increasing
B) always decreasing
C) neither increasing nor decreasing
Answer:
A) always increasing

Project

Design an advertisement for a cloth showroom.
Details to be included :
1. Name of the shop.
2. Items sold.
3. Address and contact information.
4. Tag line.
5. Sale offers (Discounts).
Answer:

Fun Time

Prepare a door-mat using old pieces of cloth, wool, fur, coir, etc. available in your surroundings.
Answer:
Doormat making from old clothes :

Step 1 :
First cut and open the Lungi. It will be about 6 ft long after cutting. The width is about 4 ft. Cut 3 inch wide strips from it. You can cut about 12 strips of 6 ft long each from this cloth.

Step 2 :
Take 3 strips in hand and tie them together at one end. Insert all three tied end of strips in the door or window grill.

Step 3 :
Tightly braid the three strips of cloth starting from the tied end. It is same as braiding hair. You can add another strip in the braid when the length of strip being braided reaches the end. After using all 12 strips you will have a 20 ft long braided length of cord.

Step 4 :
Trim the excess length of strip at end. Using the needle and thread, stitch the ends of all three strips in the braid together. Cut the ends tied with window grill and sew those ends also together.

Step 5 :
Start rolling from one end, roll the braided coil in circles to form the mat. Using a needle with dark coloured yarn, stitch the roll continuously with adjacent circle while rolling.

Step 6 : Continue to roll the coil as well. Continue stitching the rolled mat with the adjacent coil. Once you completed rolling of all 20 ft long coil, stitch the end with the mat and finish.

Now, the doormat is ready.

Language Game

Fill in the blanks with suitable spellings. One is done for you.
1. art (creative work, skill)
2. part (portion or piece)
3. chart (used for drawing a big picutre)
4. oxcart (a cart that is drawn by an ox)
5. restart (starting an engine again)
6. outsmart (beat through cleverness)
7. flowchart (process of diagram)
8. sweetheart (dearest to heart)

Listening

Listen to the following announcement made in an exhibition. Fill in the table given below.

Good evening to everybody. Warm welcome to all of you to this Sunday’s special programme. This is Vamsi welcomes you all to the Dum Dum Exhibition. This exhibition will be open from 4 p.m to 8 p.m. every day.

The visitors are requested to get their tickets from the counter. It is on the right to the Halloween corner. Each ticket costs Rs. 50/- and a family ticket is Rs. 200/-. There is a refreshment stall opposite to the ticket counter.

We have some special attractions : a motor cyclist in the well, a giant wheel, per-forming parrots, shooting galleries, many handicrafts and handloom fabrics. The show will run only for four more days. Request all your friends and relatives to visit this exhibition without fail.

Fill in the table as you listen.


Answer:

The Art of Weaving Summary

One day an English teacher took the class for a case-study to Mangalagiri, a famous town for handicraft weaving in Guntur District. The case-study is about weaving industry.

The students tried to know many things about the weaving industry in Manglagiri with the help of a master weaver named Veeraiah.

Mr. Veeraiah explained to them how they make the yarn suitable for dyeing. After dyeing it is washed, dried at room temperature and brought for the process of spinning. Later yarn spools are made ready for making a fabric.

A weaver named Ramaiah took the students and showed them an open area where the yarn was spread. Another weaver Sambayya explained to them that the uniqueness of Mangalagiri cotton is because of its durability. He said that they weave sarees, dress materials, kurtas, dupattas and shirts. It has a rich appearance. The quality of work done by the weavers and the pain the weavers take for weaving a saree keep the love for our Mangalagiri fabric.

Around 5000 weavers are working in the Mangalagiri textiles industry in a population of eighty thousand. Mangalagiri has a special place in the world textile map because of the handloom sarees and the dress-materials woven here are world famous.

The weavers face many problems in the textile industry. They face tough competition, change in fashion, trends, scarcity of raw material and the involvement of middle men. However the traditional value of handloom fabric is increasing for their uniqueness. Handloom fabric, thus, has a lot of global demand because of its artistic appeal.

Meanings For Difficult Worps

fabric (n.) : cloth or other material
occupation (n.) : a job or profession
migration (n.) : movement from one region to another
hank (n.) : coil or yarn bundle
warp (n.) : vertical thread
radiance (adj.) : glowing brightly or shining
extension (ta.) : stretching out
knotting (v.) : tying
enthusiasm (n.) : keen interest
evidently (adv.) : in a way that is seen or understood
durability (n.) : permanence
geometrical (adj.) : decorated with regular lines or shapes
distinguish (v.) : differentiate or identify
dobby (n.) : a mechanism attached to a loom for weaving small patterns
expensive (adj.) : costly

Indian Weavers Poem

WEAVERS, weaving at break of day,
Why do you weave a garment so gay?…
Blue as the wing of a halcyon wild,
We weave the robes of a new-born child,
Weavers, weaving at fall of night,
Why do you weave a garment so bright?
Like the plumes of a peacock, purple and green,
We weave the marriage- veils of a queen.
Weavers, weaving solemn and still,
What do you weave in the moonlight chill?
White as a feather and white as a cloud,
We weave a dead man’s funeral shroud. – Sarojini Naidu

Appreciation of the poem

I. Match the rhyming words and write them in the blanks given :
1. day – a. queen
2. wild – b. bright
3. night – c. gay
4. green – d. shroud
5. still – e. child
6. cloud – f. chill
Answer:
1. day – (c) gay
2. wild – (e) child
3. night – (b) bright
4. green – (a) queen
5. still – (f) chill
6. cloud – (d) shroud

II. Choose the correct answer:
1. What do the weavers weave in the early morning?
a) a bright blue cloth
b) a dull grey cloth
c) a soft white cloth
d) a red coloured cloth
Answer:
a) a bright blue cloth

2. The is purple and green coloured.
a) dress of the weaver
b) dress of the new born child
c) queen’s marriage veil
d) robe of the king
Answer:
c) queen’s marriage veil

3. What do the weavers weave in the chilly moonlight?
a) a garment light as feather
b) a garment meant to cover the dead man
c) a garment to keep away the chill
d) a garment to warp a new born child
Answer:
b) a garment meant to cover the dead man

4. The weavers weave at the fall of night.
a) funeral shroud
b) a garment so bright
c) robes of a new born child
d) a carpet
Answer:
b) a garment so bright

5. The bright garment is compared to
a) the stripes of a tiger
b) the wing of a parrot
c) the feathers of a peacock
d) the rainbow
Answer:
c) the feathers of a peacock

6. Whom does the poetess address in the poem?
a) the children
b) the queen
c) the weavers
d) all the above
Answer:
c) the weavers

III. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Why are the weavers solemn and still?
Answer:
The weavers are solemn and still because they are weaving a dead man’s funeral shroud.

Question 2.
What are the three events of life depicted in the poem?
Answer:
Birth, marriage and death are the three events referred to in this poem. These events indicate the three stages of human life – childhood, youth and old age.

Question 3.
Pick out the three types of cloth in the poem.
Answer:
The three types of cloths are (1) cloth for a new-born baby (2) cloth for the veils of a queen and (3) cloth to cover the dead body.

Question 4.
Why is white coloured cloth used for the funeral?
Answer:
The cloth is used to cover the dead body.

Question 5.
What colours do the weavers weave for the queen’s veil?
Answer:
The weavers weave purple and green colours for the queen’s veil.

Check Point

Indian Weavers Summary

Indian Weavers by Sarojini Naidu is a short poem consisting of three stanzas having four lines each.

The poetess talks about three types of dresses that the Indian Weavers weave at three particular times of the day. Metaphorically each time and the dress weaved in that time symbolizes a particular stage of life.

The poetess uses a number of literary devices to express her ideas like simile, metaphor, etc. The poem also consists of a discussion between the poet and the weavers; the poet asks the weavers and the latter reply.

STANZA 1 :
In the first stanza, the poetess questions the weavers that why are they weaving clothes early in the morning that seem to be quite beautiful and charming and of a particular colour. The poetess is curious to know about these clothes as they seem quite special. The weavers reply that the clothes that they are weaying are blue as the wing of a halcyon which is the other name of the kingfisher whose wings are bright blue in colour. The weavers reply that they are weaving the robes of a new-born child who has just come to the world. This stanza describes the first stage of human life which is full of freshness, happiness, beauty and hope and there is no place for sorrow at this stage.

STANZA 2 :
In this stanza, the poetess meets the Indian weavers again during the fall of night and asks why they are weaving a cloth late in the evening which is the time when most of the Indian marriages take place. She also asks why they are weaving a garment so bright like the plumes (feathers) of a peacock, purple and green. The weavers reply that the cloth is bright and richly coloured because they are weaving it for a queen. She will use it to make her marriage veil. This stanza describes the second or adult stage of life when humans quest for a better and prosperous life. The colours purple and green symbolize the ups and downs of the life that makes adulthood bright.

STANZA 3 :
In the final stanza, the poetess finds the weavers quite sorrowful, grieved and silent. They are weaving something weird in the dead of the night which is colourless and lifeless so, rather than asking why are they weav-ing, she asks what are they weaving? The weavers reply that they are weaving shroud which means a cloth used to put on the dead body. This represents the final stage of human life that is death which is lifeless and emotionless just like a white cloud or a feather. However, the white colour also symbolizes eternal peace and calm that comes with death.

The poem sums up human life in three main stages using symbols like clothes and times of the day. The life starts its journey with blue colour representing joy and hap-piness and then come green and purple that represent the ups and downs of life along with happiness and finally comes a single colour – white that represents the last stage of human life when the person dies and with him the emotions that were connected to life die as well.

Poectic Devices Used In The Lines

1. Weavers, weaving at break of day.
Alliteration – The sound of letter “w” is repeated- Weavers, weaving
Metaphor – The birth (childhood stage of man) is implicitly compared with a break of day.

2. Why do you weave a garment so gay? …
Alliteration – The sound of letter “g” is repeated- garment so gay

3. Blue as the wing of a halcyon wild.
Alliteration – The sound of letter “w” is repeated- wing of a halcyon wild
Simile – The blue coloured cloth is directly compared with a wing of wild halcyon.

4. We weave the robes of a new-born child.
Alliteration – The sound of letter “w” is repeated- We weave

5. Weavers, weaving at fall of night.
Alliteration – The sound of letter “w” is repeated- Weavers, weaving
Metaphor- Adulthood (young – the second stage of man) is implicitly compared with the fall of night.

6. Why do you weave a garment so bright?
Alliteration – The sound of letter “w” is repeated.

7. Like the plumes of a peacock, purple and green.
Simile – The garment is directly compared with purple and green coloured plumes of peacock.
Alliteration – The sound of letter “p” is repeated- plumes of a peacock, purple

8. We weave the marriage-veils of a queen.
Alliteration – The sotind of letter “w” is repeated- We weave

9. Weavers, weaving solemn and still.
Alliteration – The sounds of letters “w” and “s” are repeated- Weavers, weaving

10. What do you weave in the moonlight chill?
Alliteration – The sound of letter “w” is repeated.
Metaphor – death (old age – the third and last stage of man’s life) is implicitly compared with moonlight.

11. White as a feather and white as a cloud.
Simile – The garment is directly compared with a feather and a cloud.

12. We weave a dead man’s funeral shroud.
Alliteration – The sound of letter “w” is repeated.

13. White as a feather and as a cloud.
We weave a dead man’s funeral shroud.
Simile – funeral shroud is directly compared with a feather and a cloud.

Indian Weavers About the Poet

Sarojini Naidu, the Nightingale of India was born on 13th February 1879 in Hyderbad. She is an Indian Independence activist, politician, a renowned orator and accomplished poet. She was elected as the first President of the Indian National Congress. Sarojini Naidu as a poet belongs to an era of struggle, slavery and freedom fighting. The poem Indian Weavers, one of her poems, explains different stages of life.

Meanings For Difficult Words

weaver (n) : a person who weaves fabric
gay (adj) : (here) brightly coloured
halcyon (n) : a tropical Asian and African kingfisher with brightly coloured plumage
break of day (phr.) : early morning
garment (n) : a single item of clothing
robe (n) : a long loose outer garment
fall of night (phr.) : late in the evening
veil (n) : a piece of material owned by a woman to protect face
plume (n) : a long soft feather or arrangement of feathers
solemn (adj) : deeply serious
funeral (n) : a ceremony to honour a deceased person
still (adj) : quiet
shroud (n) : a cloth for the dead

SCERT AP 7th Class English Textbook Answers 2nd Lesson The Turning Point Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Unit 2 Questions and Answers The Turning Point

7th Class English Unit 2 The Turning Point Textbook Questions and Answers

Observe the following picture and respond.

Question 1.
Guess the characters in the picture.
Answer:
The characters in the picture are a wise man and common man.

Question 2.
How do you think are they related to each other?
Answer:
The man with beard was a guru and the other man was a disciple.

Question 3.
Why did the young man meet the other person?
Answer:
The young man met the other person to take his advice.

Question 4.
What is the man with a beard saying?
Answer:
The man with a beard is saying something good.

Question 5.
Why do we listen to persons?
Answer:
We listen to persons to get good advice out of their experience.

Questions Given in the Lesson

Possible answers to the questions given in the middle of the lesson :

Question 1.
Who is your favourite teacher? What do you like about him/her? Which topic fascinated you the most in his/her class?
Answer:
Our science teacher is my favourite teacher.! like her way of explaining things and her way of treating the children. Almost all the topics taught by her fascinate me the most.

Question 2.
What do you want to become in your life?
Answer:
I want to become a doctor/an engineer/a teacher in my life.

Question 3.
How do you feel when you see birds flying in groups?
Answer:
It is really a wonderful sight to see. I feel thrilled at the sight of the birds’ flight in groups.

Reading Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Why did Kalam take up the job as a newspaper boy?
Answer:
At the time of the Second World War, all the resources were scarce and the prices were not affordable. So, Kalam took up the job as a newspaper boy.

Question 2.
What was Kalam curious about?
Answer:
Kalam was curious about planes. He wanted to be a pilot himself.

Question 3.
Which topic did Shri Siva Subrahmania Iyer discuss one day in the class?
Answer:
The topic that Shri Siva Subrahmania Iyer discussed one day in the class was ‘how birds fly’.

Question 4.
Where did the teacher take the whole class to explain the concept of bird’s flight?
Answer:
The teacher took the whole class to the seashore to explain the concept of bird’s flight.

Question 5.
What was the turning point in Kalam’s life? Explain.
Answer:
The Kalam teacher’s lesson on bird’s flight was the turning point in his life.

Question 6.
When was Kalam honoured with the Bharat Ratna?
Answer:
In 1997, Kalam was honoured with the highest civilian award the Bharat Ratna.

B. Arrange the following sentences in the order they occurred in the story.

1. Abdul Kalam decided to study aeronautical engineering.
2. The photos of fighter aircrafts and the stories of the Second World War caught my attention.
3. In 2002 he was elected the 11th President of India.
4. Siva Subrahmania Iyer took the whole class to the seashore.
5. Kalam felt what he had learnt that day changed his life.
Answer:
2. The photos of fighter air crafts and the stories of the Second World War caught my attention.
4. Siva Subrahmania Iyer took the whole class to the seashore.
5. Kalam felt what he had learnt that day changed his life.
1. Abdul Kalam decided to study aeronautical engineering.
3. In 2002 he was elected the 11th President of India.

C. Read the following statements. Answer ‘True’ (T) or ‘False’ (F).
1. Sri Siva Subramania Iyer, sowed the seeds of vision.
2. One day Kalam taught about the bird’s flight.
3. Sri Subramania Iyer took the students to the airport to show the flying of aeroplanes.
4. Sri Kalam took up computer engineering at Madras institute of Technology
5. Sri Subramania Iyer ignited young minds.
Answer:

1. True
   False
2. False
3. False
4. True

Correct the false statements and rewrite them in the space provided.
Answer:
2. One day Kalam was taught about the bird’s flight.
3. Sri Subramania Iyer took the students to the seashore to show the flying of birds.
4. Sri Kalam took up aeronautical engineering at IIT, Madras.

Vocabulary

A. Other forms of the words
Read the following sentences from the text.

1. The prices were not affordable.
2. It was usually filled with the photos of fighter aircrafts.

Look at the underlined words in the above sentences. The word ‘affordable’ comes from the root word ‘afford’ and the word ‘usually’ comes from the root word ‘usual.’

Identify’ the other forms of the following words used in the lesson ‘The Turning Point’.

Answer:

B. Compound Adjectives

Read the following sentences.

My curiosity was fulfilled by a very special teacher when I was a ten-year-old boy in Class V. This was indeed a life-changing event.

In the above sentence the words “ten”, “year” and “old” and “life” and “ changing” are combined using a hyphen (-) and is made into a single adjective called compound adjective. Compound adjectives can be formed by bringing two different words to¬gether with a hyphen.

E.g. five-day, smart-looking, old-fashioned, short-haired

Match the following words in Set -A with Set – B to make coi lpound adjectives and write them in the space given.

Set-A	Set-B	Compound Adjective
absent	aged	absent-minded
middle	hearted	middle-aged
well	behaved	well-behaved
brand	minded	brand-new
kind	new	kind-hearted

Fill in the blanks with the compound adjectives you have made.

1. Kalarn was one of the ………….. boys in his class.
2. The ………… girl helped the old man to cross the road.
3. Mohan who is an ………… person, forgot his wallet at the cash counter.
4. Murali bought a …………. car.
5. The ………… man who is standing at the gate, is my uncle.
Answer:

1. well-behaved
2. kind-hearted
3. absent-minded
4. brand-new
5. middle-aged

C. Compound Words

When you read the lesson ‘The Turning Point’ you might have come across the following words.

“newspaper”, “seashore”,” sunset”

These words are formed when two or more words are joined together to create a new word, that has entirely new meaning.

Try and make compound words with the following words. You are free to add a word either to the left or right of the given words. One is done for you.

E.g.: House – housekeeper, storehouse
1. Hand 2. Room 3. Pot 4. Butter 5. Box
Answer:
1) hand : handmade, firsthand, handshake, handprint, handicraft
2) room : roommate, classroom, bedroom .
3) pot : pothole, teapot, inkpot, pothead, potluck
4) butter : buttermilk, butterfish, peanut butter
5) box : gearbox, toolbox, mailbox

Make more compound words and have fun.

Compound Words:
bedroom, airport, anybody, backbone, background, cardboard, commonwealth, daybreak, earthquake, fireproof, grandchildren, headache, inside, jackpot, keyboard, layout, moonlight, newsreader, overcoat, passbook, playground, scarecrow, talebearer, understimate, warehouse, etc.

Fill in the blanks with a suitable word from the help box to make a compound word. One is done for you.
E.g. moon light house
(Moonlight and lighthouse are two different compound words with the same word ‘light’.)

Help Box
light
cover
sugar
fisher
land
paper
1. Cane sugar candy
2. News paper bag
3. Pillow cover story
4. King fisher man
5. Grass land mark
Answer:
1) canesugar, sugarcandy
2) newspaper, paperbag
3) pillowcover, coverstory
4) kingfisher, fisherman
5) grassland, landmark

Grammar

The Present Perfect Tense vs The Simple Past Tense :
Look at the following sentences from the text.
1) That evening he took all of us to the seashore.
2) I chose physics.
3) This was indeed a life-changing event.
4) Kalam dedicated his achievements to all his teachers.

The above sentences denote the actions completed in the past. Hence, the verb is in simple past tense.

Identify at least five verb forms used in the simple past tense from the text.
Answer:

1. caught (Irregular Verb)
2. manoevured (Regular Verb)
3. belonged (Regular Verb)
4. grew (Irregular Verb)
5. drew (Irregular Verb) 6. explained (Regular Verb)
6. understood (Irregular Verb)
7. asked (Regular Verb)
8. needed (Regular Verb) 10. opted (Regular Verb)

Exercise – 1

Fill in the blanks with past form of the verb given in brackets.

1. Sankar …………… (join) the bank last month.
2. Where …………… (be) you yesterday?
3. Fathima …………… (pass) the intermediate exam in 2016.
4. Indian Cricket team …………… (win) the trophy in 2017.
5. Leena …………… (write) her examinations and …………… (go) home immediately.
Answer:

1. joined
2. were
3. passed
4. won
5. wrote, went

Already we have discussed ‘present perfect tense’ in unit-1.

Present perfect tense denotes the action that began in the past and continuous to the present time.

We write present perfect tense with the markers like ‘just, yet, etc. (adverbs of time).

We write past tense with the markers like yesterday, last week/month/…, ago, etc.

Exercise – 2

Adverbs of time used with present perfect tense

Fill in the blanks with Adverbs of Time :
1. Is Mr. Ravi at home?
No, he …………… left for work.

2. When does the train to Kakinada arrive?
It has …………… left.

3. The Chief Guest hasn’t arrived …………… .
4. I have lived in Vijayawada …………… a long time.
5. I have lived in Delhi …………… 2004.
6. Have you been to a circus?
Answer:
1. Is Mr. Ravi at home?
No, he already left for work.

2. When does the train to Kakinada arrive?
It has just left.

3. The Chief Guest hasn’t arrived yet.
4. I have lived in Vijayawada for a long time.
5. I have lived in Delhi since 2004.
6. Have you ever been to a circus?

Writing

A. You have read the text ‘The Turning Point’. The stories of the World War and the inspiring teachings of his teacher Sri Siva Subramania Iyer acted as a turning point of Kalam’s life.
Now prepare a script for a speech on the turning point in the life of Abdul Kalam and present it on the Teachers’ Day in your school.
Answer:
Respected Headmaster, teachers and other staff, Happy Teachers’ Day to all of you. It is a great privilege for me to be here to speak about the turning point in Kalam’s life.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam always used to say he would like to be remembered as a teacher. When he became the President in 2002, he made no compromise on his passion for teaching. He grabbed every opportunity to teach students, especially children, wherever he went.

His curiosity grew in science because of a very special teacher, when he was a ten- year-old boy in Class V. This was indeed a life-changing event. His science teacher’s name was Shri Siva Subramania Iyer. One day the topic of discussion in his class of sixty-five was ‘how birds fly’. He drew a sketch of a bird with a tail, wings and feathers a head on the board and explained how a bird flew.

That evening he took all of them to the seashore. He asked all of them to notice how the birds make a formation in a group and fly. Mr. Iyer also made them notice how the bird is powered to fly by itself.

The flight principle got imprinted in Kalam’s mind and he decided that in the future he would study subjects related to flight. However, as a little boy he needed guidance to pursue that field. The teacher told Kalam to study and explore the field of aviation .science and aeroplanes.

Whatever he had learnt that day changed his life. He was inspired to have an aim. Later he realized how important it was to study physics. He chose physics. He opted for aeronautical engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. Then, he became an aeronautical engineer and a space technologist. Mr. Iyer’s class had transformed his life which led him to make a profession out of his passion and his career began in that field.

We have to take Kalam’s life as an inspiration to grow high in our lives.

Thank you very much for giving me this opportunity.

B. Prepare a biographical sketch of Sri APJ Abdul Kalam using the given information.

Birth : 15 Oct 1931 at Dhariushkodi, Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu.

First job : Newspaper vendor

Inspiration : His Science teacher Sri Siva Subramania Iyer’s lecture

Education : Aeronautical Engineering from IIT(M) ( 1960)

Positions : IGMDP, DRDO, ISRO – Chief Advisor and Chairman

Achievements : Project Devil and Project Valiant (1970)
SLV – III, ROHINI, PSLV, PRUTHVI & AGNI Missiles, Nuclear Test. -Pokhran -II

Invented ‘Low Cost Coronary Stent’ and Rugged Tablet Computer with Dr. Soma Raju (1998)

Unanimously elected as the President of India (2002 – 2007) ‘People’s President.
Literary Works : Wrote ‘Wings of Fire’, ‘Ignited Minds,’ etc.

Awards : Honoured with Padma Bhushan (1981), Padma Vibhushan (1990) and Bharath Ratna(1997)
Death : 27 July 2015

Answer:
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was born on 15th October 1931 at Dhanushkodi, Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. In his childhood he worked as a newspaper vendor. His Science teacher Shri Siva Subrahmania Iyer’s lecture inspired him a lot. He completed Aeronautical Engineering from IIT(M) ( 1960) He held the position of the Chief Advisor and Chair¬man ot IGMDPV DRDO, ISRO. He was responsible for Project Devil and Project Valiant (1970), SLV – III, ROHINI, PSLV, PRUDVI & AGNI Missiles, Nuclear Test at Pokhran -II. He invented ‘Low Cost Coronary Stent’ and Rugged Tablet Computer with Dr. Soma Raju (1998). He was unanimously elected the presedent of India (2002 – 2007) . He was known as ‘People’s President. He wrote ‘Wings of Fire’ and ‘Ignited Minds. He was honoured with the Padma Bhushan (1981), the Padma Vibhushan (1990) and the Bharath Ratna (1997). He passed away on 27 July 2015.

Fun Time

Try the following riddle.
The three-letter word that reads the same backwards : eye (a part of the body)

Read the following ‘Palindrome’.

1. Race car
2. Madam
3. Don’t nod
4. Dogma I am God
5. Never odd or even
6. Madam I’m Adam
7. Too bad I hid a boot

Talking Time

A. Making Announcements:

Read the announcements usually made during the school assembly.

Dear Students, I have an announcement to make. We are planning to conduct sports and literary competitions on the occasion of Independence Day. The students those who want to participate in the sports competitions have to give their names to the Physical Director of our school. Those who want to participate in the literary competitions have to give their names to the English teacher.

You are the secretary of your school English Club. Make an announcement for the activities to be planned for the English Day.
Answer:
Dear Students, I have an announcement to make. We are planning to conduct a quiz and literary competitions on the occasion of the English Day. The students those who want to participate in the quiz competition have to give their names to Biology teacher of our school. Those who want to participate in the literary competitions have to give their names to the English teacher.

B. Role-play:

Polite Request : (Could you please / Would you mind)
Srikar : Excuse me, could you please tell me when the Tirumala Express leaves for Vizag?
Enquiry : It starts at 5.05 p.m. every day.
Srikar : Could you please tell me the time of arrival at Vizag ?.
Enquiry : It reaches Vizag at 11 a.m. the next day.
Srikar : Thank you. Would you mind telling me if the tickets are available for tomorrow?
Enquiry : Let me check. Sorry. No tickets are available until next Sunday.
Srikar : OK, thank you, Sir. I’ll plan my journey accordingly.
Enquiry : You are welcome.

Language focus
1. Could you please ………………………
Eg : Could you please give me your pen?

2. Would you mind ……………………..
Eg : Would you mind opening the window? / Could you open the window?

Exercise – A

Underline the correct expression to complete each request.
1. Could you / Would you mind bringing me some milk for my coffee?
2. Could you / Would you mind answering the question?
3. Could you / Would you go to the shop for me?
4. Could you / Would you mind turning off the music?
5. Could you / Would you mind bringing me a glass of banana juice?
Answer:

1. Could you / Would you mind bringing me some milk for my coffee?
2. Could you / Would you mind answering the question?
3. Could you / Would you go to the shop for me?
4. Could you / Would you mind turning off the music?
5. Could you / Would you mind bringing me a glass of banana juice?

Exercise – B

Complete the polite requests with the correct forms of the verb in brackets.
1. Could you …………… (bring) me a cup of coffee?
2. Could you …………… (lend) me your pen?
3. Would you mind …………… (call) a taxi for me?
4. Would you mind …………… (close) the door?
5. Could you …………… (get) me a glass of water?
6. Would you mind …………… (carry) these bags for me?
Answers

1. bring
2. lend
3. calling
4. closing
5. get
6. carrying

Listening

Transformation of Vivekananda

The relationship between Sri Ramakrishna and Vivekananda (formerly named as Narendranath) began in November 1881 when they met at the house of Surendranath Mitra. Ramakrishna had asked Narendranath to sing. He was impressed with the sing¬ing talent of Narendranath and invited him to Dakshineswar.

Narendra accepted the invitation. The meeting with Sri Ramakrishna proved to be a turning point in the life of Narendranath. Initially, he did not accept Ramakrishna as his master. But eventually, he became one of the closest disciples of-Ramakrishna who shaped the personality of Narendranath and inspired him to dedicate his life to serve the human.

Inspired by Ramakrishna, Narendranath became a monk and was named Vivekananda and he presented a speech at the Parliament of the World’s Religions held on 23rd September, 1893 in Chicago.

His meeting with Sri Ramakrishna in Dakshineswar was a turning point which re-sulted in the transformation of Vivekananda.

A. Listen to the story and state the following statements are true / false.
1. The meeting with Sri Ramakrishna was the turning point in the life of Vivekananda.
2. Sri Ramakrishna presented a speech in Chicago.
3. Sri Ramakrishna and Vivekananda first met at the house of Surendranath Mitra.
Answer:

1. True
2. False
3. True

Comprehension

1. Why did Ramakrishna invite Narendranath to Dakshineswar?
Answer:
Sri Rafnakrishna was impressed with the singing talent of Narendranath and he invited him to Daksineswar.

2. How did Ramakrishna inspire Narendranath?
Answer:
Ramakrishna inspired Narendranath by his wisdom.

3. Where did Vivekananda present his speech?
Answer:
Vivekananda presented his speech in Chicago.

4. What did Vivekananda dedicate his life to?
Answer:
Vivekananda dedicated his life to serve the human.

5. Do you believe in transformation of yourself?
Answer:
Yes.

Study Skill

Study the following Tree diagram.

Answer the following questions :

1. What is the tree diagram about?
Answer:
The tree diagram is about the things in our sufroundings.

2. What are the two kinds of animals mentioned in the above tree diagram?
Answer:
Living things and Non-living things.

3. Things in our surroundings are categorised into _________ .
a) 3
b) 2
c) 4
Answer:
b) 2

4. ‘Viviparous’ is a category of _________ .
a) Plants
b) Oviparous
c) Animals
Answer:
c) Animals

5. ‘Plants and animals’ come under _________ .
a) Living things
b) Oviparous
c) Non-living things
Answer:
a) Living things

The Turning Point Summary

The Turning Point’, is an edited extract from ‘My Teachers’ by DR A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM. The turning point means- An important change in the life of a person. This is the true story of Abdul Kalam that made a turning point in his life. When he was in class V, one day his teacher Shri Siva Subramania Iyer taught him about a bird’s flight in the class. When the teacher explained in the class about a bird’s flight most of the students including Kalam had not understood the lesson. So the teacher took them all to the seashore of Rameswaram (birthplace of Kalam) to teach them practically. The teacher showed there how a bird flies. He asked the students to look at the tail and the combination of flapping wings and twisting tail. The teacher explained how the birds changed direction, and position could fly in the direction they wanted to. After that all the students understood the lesson of a bird’s flight. For Kalam the lesson was not merely an understanding of how a bird flies. He decided that he wanted to study all he could about the concept of flight. So he took his teacher’s advice about the further study of Science. He became a rocket engineer, an aerospace engineer and a technolo¬gist. But the memory of his teacher encouraging him to become a successful person was up to the end of Kalam’s life.

The Turning About the Author

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was an Indian aerospace scientist and a politician who had served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born on the 15th of October, 1931 at Dhanushkodi, Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. He is popularly known as the Missile Man of India. His book Wings of Fire’ is widely read and is inspiring. This lesson is an extract from his book My Teachers’.

Meanings For Difficult Words

turning point (n) : a time at which an important change takes place
conflict (n) : clash, a serious disagreement
scarce (adj) : rare
affordable (adj) : reasonably priced
defend (v) : protect
manoeuvred (v) : plotted / steered / moved skillfully
curiosity (n) : a strong desire to know
gloomy (adj) : unhappy
flap (v) : move up and down
generate (v) : produce or create
unique (adj) : matchless/special
transform (v) : change
passion (n) : strong desire
indigenous (adj) : native, local
ignite (v) : light, kindle

Give Me Strength Poem

This is my prayer to thee, My Lord – strike,
strike at the root of penury in my heart.
Give me the strength lightly to bear my joys and sorrows.
Give me the strength to make my love fruitful in service.
Give me the strength never to disown the poor or bend my knees before insolent might.

Give me the strength to raise my mind high above daily trifles.
And give me the strength to surrender my strength to thy will with love.
Rabindranath Tagore

Appreciation of The Poem

A. Answer the following questions :

Question 1.
What does the poet pray for?
Answer:
The poet prays to God for giving him strength.

Question 2.
What does the poet want to bear with strength?
Answer:
The poet wants to bear joys and sorrows with strength.

Question 3.
Wteafcitype of service does the poet want to make?
Answer:
He wants to be in the service of humankind with sincerity and humility.

Question 4.
How does the poet want to treat the poor and the mighty?
Answer:
He wants to help the poor and never to bend before rude and disrespectful authority.

Question 5.
What does the poet want to do with the strength finally?
Answer:
He wants to raise his head above petty and ordinary things and surrender his strength before the will of God.

Additional Questions

Question 1.
Why does the poet want God to strike at his heart?
Answer:
The poet implores God to strike at his heart to remove the hardheartedness and remake it with love and compassion. He wants to be a loving and caring human beings.

Question 2.
What does the poet want the strength for?
Answer:
The poet wants strength to bear joys and sorrows. He wants strength to make his love fruitful in service. He needs strength never to disown the poor or bow before a tyrant. Moreover, the poet needs strength to avoid the daily trifles and submit his will to the will of God.

Question 3.
How can love be made meaningful in one’s life?
Answer:
Love is meaningful when it bears fruits of service, service of mankind.

Question 4.
What should be our attitude towards the poor?
Answer:
Our attitude towards the poor should be very sympathetic. We should never disown or neglect them. We should always help the poor and work for their welfare.

Question 5.
What does “bend my knees” signify?
Answer:
The bending of one’s knees means to surrender before a powerful person. Here, the poet prays to God to give him the strength to resist and not to bend the knees before a tyrant.

Question 6.
Why does the poet want to raise his mind high above “daily trifles”?
Answer:
The poet wants to raise his mind high above the daily trifles so that he would not be involved in the issues that fill his heart with malice and prejudice.

Question 7.
Why does the poet ask for strength to surrender his will to God’s will?
Answer:
The poet wants to surrender his will to the will of God in order to live a pure and obedient life. As it is not easy to submit one’s will, the poet prays for the strength to do so.

B. Choose the right option and write it in the brackets given.

1. Strike at the root of _____ in my heart.
a) treasury
b) happiness
c) penury
Answer:
c) penury

2. Give me strength to bear my _____
a) riches and treasures
b) joys and sorrows
c) property
Answer:
b) joys and sorrows

3. Give me strength to make my love _____ in service.
a) fruitful
b) selfish
c) sacrifice
Answer:
a) fruitful

4. Give me strength to raise high above daily _____
a) enjoyment
b) trifles
c) chores
Answer:
b) trifles

5. The poet wants to surrender his strength to _____
a) the mighty
b) God’s will
c) the poor
Answer:
b) God’s will

Check Point

Give Me Strength Summary

“Give Me Strength” is an inspirational poem by the versatile Rabindranath Tagore. The poem is in a form of a prayer and the poet is asking the Lord to provide him with strength so that he can overcome all the hurdles in life.

This poem “Give Me Strength” is short but beautiful poem written by Rabindranath Tagore. In this poem, the poet prays to God to strike at the core of his heart and remove the ignorance from there. He prays to God to give him strength so that he bears the joys and sorrows of life in the same spirit. It means that the poet wants to be stoic in his nature. He wants to be in the service of humankind with sincerity and humility. He wants to help the poor and never to bend before rude and disrespectful authority. He also prays for strength to raise his head above petty and ordinary things and surrender his strength before the will of God.

Give Me Strength About the Poet

Rabindranath Tagore (7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) usually called Gurudev was a learned man from West Bengal from the Indian sub continent. He was a poet, musician and artist. He reshaped Bengali literature and music. He is the author of the Gitanjali, which is a collection of beautiful verse. He was the first Indian to win the Nobel Prize in literature in 1913. Tagore’s poetry is viewed as spiritual and patriotic. He was referred to as ‘the Bard of Bengal’.

Meanings for Difficult Words

Thee (n) : you
strike (v) : hit forcibly
penury (n) : extreme poverty; (here) hardheartedness, lacking love and compassion
fruitful (adj) : bearing abundant fruit; producing results
disown (v) : not own / refuse
insolent (adj) : disrespectful, rude
might (n) : power / impressive power.
trifles (n) : things of little value or significance
surrender (v) : yield; give up.
thy (pron.) : your (old use)

SCERT AP 7th Class English Government Textbook Answers Unit 1 My Painted House, Friendly Chicken and Me Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class English Unit 1 Questions and Answers My Painted House, Friendly Chicken and Me

7th Class English Unit 1 My Painted House, Friendly Chicken and Me Textbook Questions and Answers

Observe the picture. Discuss and answer the questions.

Question 1.
Where are the children?
Answer:
The children are near their houses.

Question 2.
Is it a village or a town? Why?
Answer:
It is a village. It is not a town. The houses, the location and the animals reflect a village scene.

Question 3.
What are the boys looking at?
Answer:
The boys are looking at the animals and eggs.

Question 4.
Are the children friendly with the animals? Discuss.
Answer:
Yes, the children are friendly with the animals. They are helping the animals in different ways.

Question 5.
What are the children doing?
Answer:
The children are spending their time with the animals and birds.

Questions Given in the Lesson

Possible answers to the questions given in the middle of the lesson and at the end:

Question 1.
What’s in a name?
Find out more about your name. Does it have a special meaning? Share it with your classmates.
Answer:
My name is Nageswara Rao. It has a special meaning. Two Hindu deities are there in my name. ‘Naga’ means ‘Naga Devatha’ and ‘Eswara’ means ‘Lord Parameshwara’.

Question 2.
Can you think of some pictures that can be drawn with a feather?
Answer:
We can draw pictures of birds, moon, stars, sun, sky, all the things related to nature, different designs and a number of other things with a feather.

Question 3.
How are colours used to decorate the houses in villages during festivals?
Answer:
The villagers decora their houses with different colours during festivals. Most of them use dark colours which bring life to the painting. They paint the pictures of deities, some designs, circles, symbols, etc. on the walls of their houses and celebrate the festivals happily.

Question 4.
Where do you see such pictures?
Answer:
I find those pictures in the exhibitions and in the shops located in pilgrimage places.

Question 5.
List out the activities done by Ndebele women.
Answer:
i) They paint their houses with colourful and intricate patterns.
ii) They make good things with beads.
iii) They perform their household chores with love and affection.
iv) They respect their ancestors and follow their tradition strictly.

Question 6.
How do you dress up on your birthday?
Answer:
I wear new dress brought by my father on the occasion of my birthday.

Question 7.
What do you like to wear on special occasions?
Answer:
I would like to wear specially designed clothes of different colours on special occasions.

Question 8.
Describe your village and say about the people living there in your own words.
Answer:
Our village is Machayapalem of Bellamkonda Madal, Guntur district. It is a picturesque village with narrow streets. Greenery is found everywhere. We have all kinds of animals as pets such as cats, dogs, cows, buffaloes, oxen, goats, sheep, hens, cocks, etc. in our village. Most of us live in thatched houses. Our villagers are friendly in nature. Most of them are farmers. Though we lead an ordinary life, we are always happy. We come together and celebrate the festivals. I love to live in my village.

Question 9.
Describe your best friend. What characteristics make a good friend?
Answer:
Amith is my best friend. He is honest and a true friend of mine. The characteristics such as reliability, honesty, kindness, individuality, helping nature, patience, generosity, trust, etc. make a person a good friend.

Reading Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Who is Thandi? Who is her best friend?
Answer:
Thandi is a girl who belongs to the tribe of Ndebele from Zimbabwe and north-eastern South Africa. Thandi’s best friend is her chicken.

Question 2.
How does Thandi snatch a feather from her chicken?
Answer:
Thandi snatches a feather very quickly when the chicken is distracted and does not notice.

Question 3.
What are the two hopes of Thandi?
Answer:
The two hopes are : (1) her name which means hope and (2) At the end of the story she can say ‘Good-bye friend’, not ‘Good-bye stranger-friend’.

Question 4.
Why do you think Ndebele people do not call anything beautiful?
Answer:
Because they live in a different world. They live away from common people.

Question 5.
According to Thandi, what are some of the points to be kept in mind while painting?
Answer:
The points to be kept in mind while painting are: (1) You have to have strong eyes to paint well. (2) Your hand must not shake like leaf on a tree (3) You must fill a chicken’s feather with paint and draw a line as straight as a spear. (4) You must have the pattern inside your head, even before you dip the feather into the paint.

Question 6.
Describe the clothing of Ndebele women.
Answer:
The clothing of Ndebele women is made of beads. They shine like stars while dancing.

Question 7.
Why couldn’t Thandi’s brother be friends with chicken?
Answer:
Thandi’s brother could not be friends with a chicken because he was not able to understand animals. He shouts at chickens and they run away from him.

Question 8.
What did Thandi say about her best friend, chicken?
Answer:
Thandi says that her best friend is her chicken. The chicken listens to her stories. Her feathers are used as brushes to paint. She always spends her time with Thandi. Thandi takes her in her arms and tells her many things.

B. Say whether the following statements are True/ False:

1. Thandi’s chicken listens to her stories and has other uses.
2. Ndebele people call everything beautiful.
3. All Ndebele women paint their houses.
4. Thandi’s father built them small houses, and her mother painted them.
5. Thandi’s brother is not so mischievous.
Answer:

1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False

C. You have read the story, ‘Painted House, Friendly Chicken and Me’.

Read the interesting aspects of village life shared by Thandi mentioned in the help box.

Help Box

• Thandi’s best friend
• String and sew
• Penny whistles and bicycles
• Hand must not shake like a leaf on a tree
• Amaphotho and ghabi
• Pretend to go inside small houses built by father
• You must have the pattern inside your head.
• One can tell all their secrets

Place the sentences under the right heading. One is done for you.

Answer:

Vocabulary

A. VISUALISE – Text to Mind

Read the following sentences taken from the story, locate the phrases that are highlighted /expressions / part.

You must have the pattern inside your head, even before you dip the feather into the paint. Here the highlighted part, ‘have the pattern inside your head’ means one should visualise or have clear picture before any work.

To Visualise means to form a picture of someone or something in your mind, in order to imagine or remember him, her, or it.

Activity : Visualise the text given and draw the picture of it. One is done for you.

Note : Students are advised to do this activity on their own.

Grammar

A. Read the following sentences from the story.

1. I don’t know why, but Ndebele people do not call anything beautiful.
2. ………… no one’s house is as good as my mother’s.
3. ………. he tries to get into everybody’s business.

The highlighted words use apostrophe (‘). Now guess the use of apostrophe.

Apostrophe ( ‘ ) can be confusing or tricky. However, they aren’t difficult to learn. Sometimes they form possessives and sometimes they form contractions. Here are some tips to remember.

Apostrophe for possessions:
1. For most singular nouns, add apostrophe + s :
The cat’s tail, the student’s book, the manager’s room

2. For most plural nouns, add only an apostrophe :
The cats’ tails (multiple cats), the students’ books (multiple students); the managers’ rooms (multiple managers)

Apostrophe for contractions:
A contraction is a shortened form of a word (or group of words) that omits certain letters or sounds. In a contraction, an apostrophe represents missing letters.
He would = He’d
They are = They’re
I have = I’ve
You cannot = You can’t

Exercise

A) Write the contraction for each pair of words. Example: should not – shouldn’t
1. are not _____
2. he is _____
3. I am _____
4. she will _____
Answer:
1) aren’t
2) he’s
3) I’m
4) she’ll

B) Complete each sentence. Write the possessive forms of the noun given in the brackets.
Eg : The baby’s doll is a new brand one. (baby)
1. This is _____ textbook. (Angel)
2. The _____ blanket is blue, (boy)
Answer:
1) Angel’s
2) boy’s

B. Present Perfect Tense :

Let’s consider the following sentences from the text which denote just completed actions.
1. She has started to teach me to paint good, very good designs.
2. I have enjoyed telling you about my village.

These actions are said to be in present perfect tense (have/has + past participle).

Here are some more examples of the present perfect tense (underlined):
1. Bobby has eaten the breakfast.
2. They have called the police.
3. Has she painted the wall?

The Present Perfect Tense is used for unfinished actions with stative verbs and finished actions with focus on present situation.

Positive	Positive Short Form (Contracted Form)
I have played.	I’ve played.
You have worked.	You’ve worked.
He has written.	He’s written.
She the has walked.	She’s walked.
It has rained.	It’s rained.
We ave travelled.	We’ve travelled.
They have studied.	They’ve studied.

Negative	Negative Short Form (Contracted Form)
I have hot eaten.	I haven’t eaten.
You have not been to America.	You haven’t been to America.
He has not seen.	He hasn’t seen.
She has not played.	She hasn’t played.
It has not gone.	It hasn’t gone.
We have not danced.	We haven’t danced.

Note : Contracted forms are used in spoken form not in written form.

Exercise

Fill in the blanks with the Present Perfect form of the verb. One is done for you.
Eg : I have worked (work) today.

1. I _____ (not/work) today.
2. We _____ (buy) a new lamp.
3. We _____ (not / plan) our holiday yet.
4. Where _____ (be / you) ?
5. He _____ (write) five letters.
6. She _____ (not / see) him for a long time.
7. _____ (be / you) at school ?
8. The school _____ (not / start) yet.
Answer:

1. have not worked
2. have bought
3. have not planned
4. have you been?
5. has written
6. has not seen
7. Have you been
8. has not started

Writing

A. Read the passage from the narrative/ story. Write a dialogue.

Hello Stranger-friend,

I am Thandi, an Ndebele girl in South Africa. I am eight years old, and my best friend is a chicken. You may laugh at that, but when I tell my friend secrets, she can talk all she wants… but no one can understand her… except another chicken, of course. My chicken not only listens to my stories; she has other uses. If you play with her and take her mind off what’s going on, you can quickly – very quickly – snatch a feather or two when she is distracted. She doesn’t notice, and the feathers will come in handy later, of course.

Complete the conversation.

Thandi : Hello! Stranger-friend!

Stranger-friend : Hello! What is your name?

Thandi : I am Thandi.

Stranger-friend : Where are you from?

Thandi : I am …………………..

Stranger-friend : …………………………. ?

Thandi : I am eight years old.

Stranger-friend : …………………….. best friend?

Thandi : ………………..

Thandi : Hello Stranger-friend !

Stranger-friend : ……………………. tell …………. ?

Thandi : Secrets.

Stranger-Mend : Can …………. understand your words?

Thandi : Yes, of course.

Stranger-Mend : What else do you do with your chicken?

Thandi : ……………………………………..

Stranger-Mend : How do you snatch her feathers?

Thandi : …………………………..
Answer:
Thandi : Hello! Stranger-friend!

Stranger-Mend : Hello! What is your name?

Thandi : I am Thandi.

Stranger-Mend : Where are you from?

Thandi : I am an Ndebele girl in South Africa.

Stranger-Mend : How old are you?

Thandi : I am eight years old.

Stranger-Mend : Who is your best friend?

Thandi : My best friend is my chicken.

Thandi : Hello Stranger-friend!

Stranger-Mend : What would you tell your chicken (best friend)?

Thandi : Secrets.

Stranger-Mend : Can the chicken understand your words?

Thandi : Yes, of course.

Stranger-Mend : What else do you do with your chicken?

Thandi : I will use her feathers to paint.

Stranger-Mend : How do you snatch her feathers?

Thandi : I snatch her feathers when she does not notice.

B. Letter Writing : (Informal Letter)
Read the letter written to a friend describing the beauty of her1 village and the people living in it.

Gandhipuram. Feb 01, 2021. Dear Gayatri,I hope this letter finds you in good health.My village is near Anantapuram. It is about 100 kilometres away from the district headquarters. We have fresh air, water, and a clean environment in my village. My village is beautiful with many green fields, cattle and mango trees. We are the leading producers of mango, coconut and also tamarind. We get pure honey and ghee as well. We play in the sandy beach every evening. My friends and 1 play many Indian games that are forgotten those days like marbles, Kho- Kho, Kabaddi, etc.The villagers are helpful and cooperative to one another. We like to celebrate different occasions. We are peace-loving people. We enjoy holidays with relatives and friends. My village is a land of relations that follows the traditions and culture inherited from our ancestors. Please convey my regards to aunt and uncle. Awaiting your reply.Yours lovingly, Razia

Now, imagine you are Gayatri and write a reply letter describing the village/ locality you live in.

Answer:

Reply Letter Bhaskarnagar. Feb 7, 2021. Dear Razia, I have just got your letter this month. I knew from your letter about your town. Now it is my turn to write about me. You know that I live at Guntur. It is my hometown. It is one of the wonderful places. There are a lot of historical places. In fact, it is very beautiful, and neat and clean. There are many big shops and you can buy many things you want. The climate is pleasant. This village is famous for rich culture. On every Makara Sankranti, there will be a lot of people because there will have the bullfight. This is one of the traditional cultures. As I know this culture is given by our ancestors for 200 years. A lot of tourists come to see and enjoy. Guntur is famous for fairs. Though it is a city, It is full of greenery, farmland is full of crops and farmers are busy in their fields, trying to produce more, and more crops to be able to feed more and more people. There is no scarcity of pure milk and fresh vegetables. Guntur is famous for red chillies and pickles. People are friendly and very much concerned with each other. I send you a lot of photos of Guntur, You will know all about my town. 1 hope to hear from you soon. Yours lovingly, Gayatri.

C. Write a letter to Thandi. Describe similarities and differences between yours and her hopes, likes, dislikes and her games so that you may become good \ friends.
Answer

Guntur. July 5, 2021. Deatj Thandi,I am Mohana. I became your friend after reading your story. Now I am not your stranger friend. I am your dear friend. I want to share something with you and write this letter. I hope you are doing well.I understand that you want a life with freedom and want to be friends with animals find birds. I also have the same interest. I always spend my time with doves and hens at home. You wear your school uniform when you go to school and in free time, you wear the clothes made of using beads. 1 like the clothes of that kind. But we do not get them here in our town. Here we get dresses with embroidery designs. 1 prefer them a lot. I also go to big cities for shopping along with my mother and father. 1 like your village life. We can be very good friends hereafter.Please write to me describing your feelings.Yours lovingly, Mohana

Talking Time

A. Language Function : Introducing self, (use the help box)
Hello ! My name is ……………… .
I come from ……………… (name of the place)
I am ……………… years old. (age)
There are ……………… people in my family, (number of family)
I’m a student at ……………… (name of the school)
My favourite subject is ……………… . (favourite subject)
My hobbies are ………………, ………………., and ……………… . (hobby)
In my free time, I also enjoy ……………… . (sports/music)
I like/dislike/hate ……………… . (like/dislike)
My favourite food / drink is ……………… . (favourite food)
I study English because ……………… . (purpose)
I would like to become ……………… in future, (aim in life)

Answer:
Hello! My name is Pranavi.
I come from Kandukur. (name of the place )
I am thirteen years old. (age)
There are five people in my family, (number of family)
I’m a student at Z.P.High School, Kandukur. (name of the school)
My favourite subject is English. (favourite subject)
My hobbies are playing chess, listening to music, and gardening. (hobby)
In my free time, I also enjoy playing volleyball, (sports/music)
I like spending my time on the beaches. (like / dislike)
My favourite food is vegetable birvani. (favourite food)
My favourite drink is Sprite. (favourite drink)
I study English because I want to go abroad. (purpose)
I would like to become an English teacher in future, (aim in life)

B. Language Function: Introducing others
You have learnt how to introduce yourself. Now introduce your friend to your class using the hints given.
Hello! Friends! This is ……………… .
He/ She is from ……………… .
He/ She is in ……………… .
His / Her favourite subject is ……………… .
…………………………………………………………..
Answer:
Hello! Friends, This is Mokshitha.
She is from Lakshmi Puram. Guntur.
She is in Class Seven.
Her favourite subject is Science.
She wants to become a cardiologist in future.
She likes reading books and playing video games.
Milk is her favourite drink.
She spends her leisure time with pet animals.
She is very much interested in cricket.
She knows how to play the violin.
She is a very good friend of mine.

Listening

Listen to the following story.

UBUNTU
An anthropologist (someone who scientifically studies humans and their customs, beliefs, and relationships) created a game for the African tribal children. He placed a basket of sweets near a tree and made the children stand 100 metres away. Then he announced that whoever reached first would get all the sweets in the basket.

When he said, ready, steady, go!
Do you know what these children did?
They all held each other’s hands, ran together towards the tree, divided the sweets equally among themselves, ate the sweets, and enjoyed it. When the anthropologist asked them why they did so, they answered ‘Ubuntu’.
Which meant…’How can one be happy when the others are sad?’
Ubuntu in their language means – ‘I am because we are!’
Let all of us always have this attitude and spread happiness wherever we go.

Answer the following questions :
1. Who is an ‘anthropologist’?
Answer:
An anthropologist is someone who scientifically studies humans and their customs, beliefs and relationships.

2. What game did the anthropologist plan with the basket of sweets ?
Answer:
The child who reaches the sweet basket first will get all the sweets in it.

3. What instructions did the anthropologist give to the children to do?
Answer:
The anthropologist told them to stand 100 metres away. He placed the basket of sweets near a tree. He announced that whoever reches first would get all the sweets in the basket.

4. What did the children do on hearing the anthropologist’s instructions?
Answer:
They all held each other’s hands, ran together towards the tree, divided the sweets equally among them, ate the sweets and enjoyed.

5. What does the word ‘UBUNTU’ mean in the African tribal language?
Answer:
I am because we are.

Painted House, Friendly Chicken and Me Summary

The writer here adopts the voice of an eight-year-old Ndebele girl of South Africa, who addresses the reader as her “stranger-friend.” Thandi, whose name means Hope, describes some of her favorite things: the chicken to whom she confides her secrets, the intricately painted houses in her village, the beads her mother strings. Thandi’s narration is strong and direct, and provides a lively introduction to a long-neglected people and culture. It attempts to embrace the reader, however, seem somewhat strained (“You may call me friend, and 1 would like to call you friend”), and the use of many sizes and arrangements of type creates some choppiness. The accompanying photographs, on the other hand, do full justice to the brilliant colors of the beadwork, blankets and decorated houses of Thandi’s village, and to the various attitudes of the carefully adorned people in it.

Painted House, Friendly Chicken and Me About the Author

Maya Angelou born Marguerite Annie Johnson; (April 4,1928 – May 28, 2014) was an American poet, memoirist, and civil rights activist. She published seven autobiographies, three books of essays, several books of poetry, and is credited with a list of plays, movies, and television shows spanning over 50 years. She received dozens of awards and more than 50 honorary degrees. The first one I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1969); tells of her life up to the age of 17, and brought her international recognition and acclaim. Her famous poems are And Still I Rise’ (1978), ‘Mother, A Cradle to Hold Me’ (2006).

Meanings For Difficult Words

stranger-friend : someone whom you feel as your friend but
Thandi : the name of a girl who belongs to the tribe of Ndebele in South Africa
Ndebele (n) : a tribe from Zimbabwe and north-eastern South Africa and they speak the Bantu language, one of the official languages of South Africa.
chicken (n) : hen
laugh at (jphr.v) : speak something to make somebody seem silly
of course : naturally / certainly
take her mind off (phrase) : to stop her thinking about something
snatch (v) : quickly seize (something) in a rude or abrupt way
feather (n) : soft, light and hairy thing that covers a bird’s body
distracted (adj.) : unable to concentrate / inattentive
come in handy (idiom) : to be useful
later (adv.) : at a time in the future / afterward
hope (n) : a feeling of expectation for a particular thing to happen
pattern (n) : a particular way in which something is done, is organized, or happens
fringed (adj) : having a decorative border of hanging threads for clothing
pretend (v) : to give a false appearance of being, possessing, or performing; pose.
penny whistles (n) : flute like wind instrument
lose themselves (idiom) : give all their attention to something

put on (phr. v) : wear
dry (adj) : lacking freshness
wagon (n) : farm cart
mule (n) : an animal that has a horse and a donkey as parents
stare (v) : look fixedly or intently
city folk (n) : city people
mischievous (adj) : causing or showing a fondness for causing trouble in a playful way; naughty way.
tend (v) : care for or look after
get into (phr.v) : enter / interfere
can’t help (idiom) : can’t control
errand (n) : a short journey either to take a message or to take or collect something
squirmy (adj) : to twist about in a wriggling, snake like motion

Tom Paints the Fence

Comprehension

A. Answer the following questions :

Question 1.
What was the name of Tom’s Aunt ? Why was he living with his aunt?
Answer:
Tom’s Aunt was Polly. Tom was living with his Aunt Polly as he lost his mother.

Question 2.
How did Aunt Polly prove that she was strict?
Answer:
Aunt Polly proved that she was strict by asking Tom to whitewash the fence on a Saturday which was a holiday.

Question 3.
What work was assigned to Tom to do?
Answer:
Tom was assigned to paint the fence.

Question 4.
Describe the feelings of Tom when his aunt asked him to paint the fence.
Answer:
He felt that life was a burden. He sighed to do the work.

Question 5.
How did Tom become rich with gifts by the end of the day?
Answer:
Tom made his friends feel to paint the fence. They gave him some gifts to get the opportunity of painting work. Thus he became rich with the gifts by the end of the day.

Question 6.
What does “Spare the rod and Spoil the child” mean?
Answer:
If you do not punish a child when they do something wrong, they will not learn what is right.

B. Choose the correct answer from the options given.

1. What did Tom plan to do on a Saturday?
a) go to school
b) do homework
c) go for swimming
Answer:
c) go for swimming

2. Tom did not want the boys to see him whitewashing because they would
a) make fun of him
b) tell their teacher
c) throw mud at the fence
Answer:
a) make fun of him

3. How did Tom make Ben and others paint the fence?
a) by bribing them with money
b) by pretending painting to be fun
c) by threatening them
Answer:
b) by pretending painting to be fun

4. Tom was really in wealth at the end of the day, because……
a) many boys paid him
b) aunt Polly gave him money
c) he sold the paint
Answer:
a) many boys paid him

5. What did aunt Polly give him for painting the fence?
a) a doorknob
b) an apple
c) a new dress
Answer:
b) an apple

Fun Time

1. Teacher : Which one is closer, Sun or Africa?
Boddy : Sun
Teacher : Why?
Boddy : We can see the sun, but can’t see Africa.

2. What day do the chickens hate most?
Answer:
Friday (FRY-day)

Project

You have read the story “Painted House, Friendly Chicken and Me”.You might have understood how Thandi has enjoyed telling you about her village, her hopes, her mother, her brother, the beads, the painted house, and her good friend, the chicken.

Now, collect information regarding your family, friendship, home, village/ locality, traditions and culture, and make a picture gallery with your paintings, art and craft.
Answer:
My family is a joint family. We are ten in our family. I have a grandmother and a grandfather. I have two sisters and a younger brother. My uncle and aunt also live with us. My father is a farmer and my mother is a housewife. My two sisters are studying and my little brother is at play school. Our grandmother always tells us interesting stories. We usually have good time at home. 1 have two friends at my village. I play with my friends and two sisters. My village is surrounded by green fields. We make idols of Lord Ganesha with clay and worship Him. We draw many pictures on walls. We have fresh air and clean water. We celebrate all festivals and follow the old traditions. We wear new clothes on festivals. We spend time together joyfully.

Check Point

Tom Paints the Fence Summary

Tom Sawyer was an imaginative and mischievous boy. He was living with his Aunt Polly on the banks of the Mississippi. Aunt Polly was strict. She wanted to make Tom work on Saturday. So, she asked him to paint the fence. He unwillingly went near the fence with a brush and paint. He was very disappointed when he remembered his plans for the day, like going for swimming. He was upset with the thought that the boys would ridicule him for having work to do. Then he got a brilliant idea. He took his brush and started his work.

Then a boy named Ben Rogers came that way and told Tom that he had got to work even on a holiday. Tom pretended that he was doing that work willingly because that work would give him pleasure and he was enjoying himself in doing so. Soon, Ben begged Tom that he would help him and offered him an apple. Tom gave him the brush and Ben started painting. As Ben was painting, other boys named Billy and Johnny Miller also begged Tom to allow them too to paint. They presented him a kite and a pair of marbles in return. Thus, Tom turned the punishment into a bit of entertainment and tricked other boys to finish the work for him. The whole fence was whitewashed nicely within afternoon. When Aunt Polly saw the painted fence, she was so amazed that she gave him the best apple and allowed him to play.

Tom Paints the Fence About the Author

Mark Twain (1835-1910) whose real name was Samuel Langhorne Clements, was an American writer. He is best remembered as the man who gave the immortal characters of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn.

Meanings For Difficult Words

fence (n) : a structure that divides two areas of land, similar to a wall but made of wood or wire
pavement (n) : a flat part at the side of a road for people to walk on hollow
hollow (adj) : having a hole or an empty space inside an object
existence (n) : being real or living or of being present
ridicule (v) : make fun of somebody/something or make them look silly; mockery
magnificent (adj) : extremely attractive and impressive; deserving praise; splendid
resume (v) : begins again or continues after being interrupted
dreading (v) : to be very afraid of something; to fear that something bad is going to happen

SCERT AP Board 7th Class Telugu Guide Answers 4th Lesson మఱ్ఱిచెట్టు Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Telugu 4th Lesson Questions and Answers మఱ్ఱిచెట్టు

7th Class Telugu 4th Lesson మఱ్ఱిచెట్టు Textbook Questions and Answers

వినడం – ఆలోచించి మాట్లాడడం

ప్రశ్న 1.
చిత్రాన్ని గమనించండి. మాట్లాడండి.
జవాబు:
పై చిత్రంలో ఒకడు గొడ్డలితో చాలా చెట్లు కొట్టేశాడు. అతను ఒక పెద్ద చెట్టు క్రింద సేద దీరదామని వస్తున్నాడు. తనను కూడా నరికేస్తాడేమోనని పెద్దచెట్టు భయపడింది. తమ జాతికే చెందిన కర్రవెళ్లి గొడ్డలిలో దూరి అతనికి సహాయం చేస్తున్నందుకు ఆ కర్రవైపు పెద్దచెట్టు కోపంగా చూసింది. అతను పెద్ద చెట్టు నీడలో సేద దీరాడు. దాని పళ్లు తిన్నాడు. తను కూడా సహాయమే చేసినందుకు తనమీద తనకే అసహ్యం వేసింది. మళ్లీ ఆలోచించింది. తనను చంపడానికి వచ్చిన వారికి కూడా సహాయం చేసే గొప్ప వృక్షజాతిలో పుట్టినందుకు ఆనందించింది. సహాయం పొంది కూడా చంపడానికి గొడ్డలెత్తే మానవజాతి పై జాలి పడింది.

Improve Your Learning (అభ్యసనాన్ని మెరుగుపరచుకుందాం)

అవగాహన – ప్రతిస్పందన

ప్రశ్న 1.
చుట్టూ ఉన్న పరిసరాలలో మానవులకు మేలుచేసే చెట్లు/పక్షులు/జంతువులను గురించి వారి మాటల్లో చెప్పండి. (రాయండి)
జవాబు:
1) మేలు చేసే చెట్లు :
మేమందరం మేలు చేసే చెట్లమే. మీకు ‘నీడనిస్తాం. నిమ్మ, మామిడి, అరటి, కొబ్బరి, బొప్పాయి ఇలా ఎన్ని పేర్లని చెప్పుకోం. మేమంతా మానవులకు, పశువులకు, పక్షులకు, కీటకాలకి అంతెందుకు ఈ భూమి మీద బ్రతికే ప్రతి జీవికీ, ఆహారాన్ని ఇస్తాం. నీడ నిస్తాం. అన్ని జీవులూ మామీద ఆధారపడతాయి. కాని, మేమెవ్వరి మీదా ఆధారపడం, మేము సొంతంగా ఆహారం తయారుచేసుకొంటాం. గాలి, సూర్యకాంతి, మా ఆకులలోని పచ్చదనాన్ని ఉపయోగించుకొని, ఆహారాన్ని తయారుచేస్తాం. అది మీరు తింటారు. మీకు ఆక్సిజన్ అందించేది కూడా మేమే. మీరు మాకేమీ ఉపకారం చేయక్కర్లేదు. మాకు అపకారం తలపెట్టకండి చాలు. ఇప్పటికే సరైన గాలి, చల్లదనం, వర్షాలు లేక ఇబ్బందులు పడుతున్నారు. అయినా బుద్ధిలేదు. మమ్మల్ని బ్రతకనివ్వరు. మేం లేకపోతే మీ బ్రతుకు దుర్బరం. అది తెలుసుకోండి. ఐనా వినకపోతే మీ ఖర్మ. (ఈ విధంగా చెప్పండి)

2) పక్షులు :
ప్రకృతిలో మా పక్షుల కిలకిలలు .మీకు వీనుల విందు చేస్తాయి. మా బ్రతుకు మేం బతుకుతుంటే మమ్మల్ని మీరు బతకనివ్వటల్లేదు. మీ ఆహారం కోసం మమ్మల్ని చంపుకొని తింటున్నారు. అయినా సహించాం. మా జాతికి చెందిన కోడి మిమ్మల్ని నిద్ర లేపుతుంది. కోడికి పల్లెటూరి గడియారమని పేరు. కోడిని పకోడిగా చేసుకొని తినేస్తున్నారు. మీ రాక్షసానందం కోసం మా కాళ్లకు కత్తులు కట్టి పోరాటాలు పెడుతున్నారు. నెమలి పింఛం అంత అందమైనదేదీ ఈ సృష్టిలో లేదు. ఆ నెమలి కూడా మీకు బలైపోతుంది. కొంతమంది దయామూర్తులు పక్షి ప్రేమికులు మమ్మల్ని పెంచుతూ కాపాడుతున్నారు. మీ ఆనందం కోసం మమ్మల్ని బాధ పెట్టకండి. చంపకండి.

3) జంతువులు :
మేము జంతువులం. మా బాధ వర్ణనాతీతం. మా బాధలకు ఎక్కువగా కారణమయ్యేది మానవులే. మాలోని ఆవులు, గేదెలు, మేకలు మీకు త్రాగడానికి పాలనిస్తున్నాయి. మా పాలు తాగి బలం పొంది, మమ్మల్నే కోసుకొని తినేస్తున్నారు. మీ ఇళ్లలో పెళ్లి వచ్చినా, చావు వచ్చినా మాకు చావు తప్పదు. మాకు పులులు, సింహాలు కంటే కూడా మాన్క “తేనే భయం. పులులు, సింహాలకే మీరంటే భయం. మీ మూర్ఖత్వానికి మాలోనూ, పక్షులలోనూ కొన్ని రకాల జాతులు నశించిపోయాయి. అక్కడక్కడా జంతు ప్రేమికులుండబట్టి ఈ మాత్రమైనా బతుకుతున్నాం. లేకపోతే మాకసలు బతుకే లేదు.

ప్రశ్న 2.
మీరు చూసిన / విన్నటువంటి బాధ / సంతోషం గురించి మీ మాటల్లో చెప్పండి.
జవాబు:
నేను చూసిన బాధ :
ఒకసారి అమలాపురం దగ్గర ఉన్న ఒక గ్రామంలో గ్యాస్ లీకై మండిన సందర్భంలో చాలామంది శరీరాలు కాలిపోయాయి. ఒళ్లంతా కాలిపోయి మంటపుట్టి వాళ్లందరూ గోలగోలగా ఏడుస్తుంటే నాకూ ఏడుపొచ్చేసింది. చాలా సేపు ఏడ్చాను. మా అమ్మా, నాన్న ఎంత ఊరుకో పెట్టినా ఏడుపు ఆగలేదు. ఇది జరిగి చాలాకాలమైంది. కానీ, ఇప్పటికీ చలిమంటంటే కూడా నాకు భయమే.

నేను చూసిన సంతోషం :
మా అక్క లావణ్య పెళ్లి జరిగి రెండేళ్లయింది. మా ఇంటికి చాలామంది చుట్టాలు వచ్చారు. బోలెడన్ని పిండివంటలు చేసారు. ఎన్నో ఆటలు ఆడుకున్నాం. మా లావణ్యక్కను పెళ్లికూతుర్ని చేసిన రోజు అక్క చాలా సిగ్గుపడింది. ఆ సిగ్గు చూసి అందరూ ఒకటే నవ్వు. మా మాధురక్క ఐతే మరీ నవ్వేసింది. మా శివ బావగారు తెగ ఆటపట్టించారు. పెళ్లి పిలుపులకు, బ్యాండు మేళంతో ఊరంతా తిరిగాం. పెళ్లిలో కూడా మేమందరం చాలా ఆనందంగా తిరిగాం. మేమంతా పెళ్లి కొడుకైన సృజిత్ కు కారం కిళ్లీ ఇచ్చి ఏడిపించాం. ఆ పెళ్లి వేడుకలు నాకు చాలా సంతోషాన్నిచ్చాయి.

ప్రశ్న 3.
మఱ్ఱి చెట్టు నిస్వార్ధ బుద్ధితో పక్షులకు, మానవులకు ఎలాంటి సహాయాన్ని అందిస్తోందో మీ మాటల్లో చెప్పండి.
జవాబు:
మఱ్ఱిచెట్టు నిస్వార్థ బుద్ధితో మానవులకు, పక్షులకు ఆశ్రయం కల్పించింది. మానవులకు చెట్టు కింద నీడ నిచ్చింది. పక్షులు చెట్టుపైన గూళ్లు కట్టుకొని నివసించేలాగా ఆశ్రయం కల్పించింది.

ప్రశ్న 4.
కింది వచనం చదివి, ప్రశ్నలకు జవాబులు రాయండి.
స్వామి వివేకానంద అమెరికా, బ్రిటన్ వంటి సంపన్నదేశాలను దర్శించారు. భారతదేశానికి తిరిగి ప్రయాణమయినప్పుడు అక్కడి పత్రికా విలేఖరులు “మీ మాతృభూమి పట్ల మీ అభిప్రాయం ఏమిటి?” అని ప్రశ్నించారు. దానికి సమాధానంగా “భారతదేశాన్ని లోగడ ప్రేమించాను. కాని ఇప్పుడు భారతభూమిలోని ప్రతి ధూళికణం నాకు అత్యంత పవిత్రం. అది నాకొక తీర్థస్థానం” అని సగర్వంగా చెబుతారు. ఈ విధంగా కనిపించిన తల్లి మీద ఎలాంటి మాతృభావన ఉంటుందో మనకు జన్మభూమి అయిన భారతదేశం మీద కూడా అలాంటి మాతృభావన కలిగి ఉండాలనే ఉద్దేశాన్ని ప్రకటించారు.
ప్రశ్నలు:
1) వివేకానందుణ్ణి పరాయి దేశంలో పత్రికా విలేఖరులు ఏమని ప్రశ్నించారు?
జవాబు:
వివేకానందుని మాతృభూమి పట్ల ఆయన అభిప్రాయాన్ని గూర్చి పత్రికా విలేఖరులు ప్రశ్నించారు.

2) విలేఖరుల ప్రశ్నకు వివేకానందుడు ఏమని సమాధానం చెప్పారు?
జవాబు:
భారతదేశాన్ని గతంలో తాను ప్రేమించానన్నాడు. కాని ఇప్పుడు భారతభూమిలోని ప్రతి ధూళికణం తనకు అత్యంత పవిత్రమైనదని అన్నాడు. భారతదేశం తనకొక తీర్థ స్థానమని పత్రికా విలేఖరులకు వివేకానందుడు చెప్పాడు.

3) మాతృభావన ఎవరి యెడల కలిగి ఉండాలని ప్రకటించారు?
జవాబు:
మన జన్మభూమి అయిన భారతదేశం ఎడల మనం మాతృభావన కలిగి ఉండాలని వివేకానందుడు ప్రకటించాడు.

4) వచనాన్ని చదివి ‘శీర్షిక’ను నిర్ణయించండి.
జవాబు:
ఈ పేరాకు ‘వివేకానందుని వివేకం’ అనే శీర్షికను నిర్ణయించాను.

వ్యక్తీకరణ – సృజనాత్మకత

అ) కింది ప్రశ్నలకు నాలుగైదు వాక్యాలలో జవాబులు రాయండి.

ప్రశ్న 1.
మఱ్ఱి చెట్టు చెప్పిన నవ్వు తెప్పించే సంఘటన ఏది?
జవాబు:
మఱ్ఱిచెట్టు క్రింద కూర్చొన్న వాళ్లు చెట్టుపైన ఉన్న పక్షులను కొట్టేవారు. అది చూసి ఒక కాకి సహించలేకపోయింది. అది కూడా అదే చెట్టుపై గూడు కట్టుకొని ఉంటుంది. చెట్టు క్రింద కూర్చొని ఎవరైనా ఉత్సాహంగా, గొప్పగా, మాట్లాడుతుంటే సరిగ్గా గురి చూసి, అతనిపై కాకి రెట్ట వేసేది. అప్పుడతని వెర్రిమొహం చూసి అందరూ ఘోల్లున. నవ్వేవారు. ఈ లోగా కాకి ఎగిరిపోయేది. ఆ సంఘటనకు మఱ్ఱిచెట్టుకూ నవ్వు వచ్చేది.

ప్రశ్న 2.
పక్షి కథను గురించి మఱ్ఱిచెట్టు ఏమి చెప్పింది?
జవాబు:
ఒకరోజు పిట్టలు కొట్టేవాడొకడు వచ్చాడు. భయంతో పక్షులన్నీ పారిపోయాయి. పిల్లలున్న ఆడపక్షులు మాత్రం పిల్లలను విడిచి వెళ్లలేక, గూళ్లలోనే కూర్చున్నాయి. పిట్టలు కొట్టేవాడు గూళ్లను పొడుస్తాడని వాటికీ తెలుసు. కానీ, ఏం చేస్తాయి? పిల్లలను వదిలి వెళ్లలేక ఉండిపోయాయి.

ఒక పక్షి మాత్రం గూటిదాకా వెళ్లలేకపోయింది. ఒక కొమ్మను అంటిపెట్టుకొని కూర్చొంది. కొమ్మ చిన్నది. పక్షి పెద్దది. అందుచేత అది వేటగాడికి కనిపించింది. బాకు కట్టి ఉన్న పెద్ద వాసంతో పిట్టలు కొట్టేవాడు దానిని పొడిచాడు. ఆ పక్షి కేరుమంది. దానిని బుట్టలో వేసుకొని వెళ్లిపోయాడు.

ప్రశ్న 3.
నరసింహులు బాల్యాన్ని గురించి మద్దిచెట్టు ఏమని నెమరువేసుకొంది?
జవాబు:
నరసింహులు గ్రామ సర్పంచ్. అతడు బాల్యంలో ఆకతాయితనంగా తిరిగేవాడు. చెరువులో ఈత కొట్టేవాడు. మఱ్ఱి చెట్టెక్కి కొమ్మలు విరిచేవాడు. గోలచేసేవాడు. చెట్టుపై ఉన్న పక్షులను తోలేసేవాడు. మరీ చిన్నప్పుడు బడి ఎగొట్టేవాడు. పలకా, పుస్తకాలతో తొర్రలో దాక్కొనేవాడు. ఊడలతో ఉయ్యాలలూగేవాడని అతని బాల్యాన్ని మఱ్ఱిచెట్టు గుర్తుచేసుకుంది.

ఆ) కింది ప్రశ్నలకు 8 నుండి 10 వాక్యాలలో జవాబులు రాయండి.

ప్రశ్న 1.
మఱ్ఱిచెట్టు హక్కులను గురించి మాట్లాడవలసి వచ్చిన సందర్భాన్ని వివరించండి.
జవాబు:
తన నీడను కూర్చొని మానవులు అస్తమానూ హక్కుల గురించి మాట్లాడుకొనేవారు. కొమ్మలను ఆశ్రయించుకొని బతుకుతున్న పక్షులను బాధించేవారు. అది తమ హక్కులా భావించేవారు. తనను అడగకుండానే తన నీడను చేరేవారు. హాయిగా సేదతీరేవారు. కబుర్లు చెప్పుకొనేవారు. కాని, పక్షులకూ హక్కులుంటాయని ఆలోచించరు. చెట్లకు హక్కులుంటాయని తెలుసుకోరు. వాటికున్న జీవించే హక్కును హరించే హక్కు తమకుందని భావించే మనుషుల ఆలోచనా ధోరణికి మజ్జి చెట్టుకు అసహ్యం వేసింది. అదే హక్కుల గురించి మాట్లాడవలసిన సందర్భంగా ఏర్పడింది.

ప్రశ్న 2.
మఱ్ఱి చెట్టు తనకు – గ్రామానికి ఉన్న సంబంధాన్ని చెప్పిన విధానాన్ని మీ మాటల్లో రాయండి.
జవాబు:
మఱ్ఱిచెట్టు గ్రామస్తులతో తనకు ఉన్న అనుబంధాన్ని చక్కగా చెప్పింది. గ్రామస్తులు చెప్పుకొనే సంగతులన్నీ తనకు తెలుసు. ఎవరికి వారే తామే ఉన్నామనుకొని రహస్యాలు చెప్పుకొనేవారట. తాము చెట్టు క్రింద నీడలో ఆశ్రయం. పొందుతూనే దానిమీద ఉన్న పక్షులను కొట్టేవారు. అది తమ హక్కుగా భావించేవారు. ఇవన్నీ మానవులలోని దుర్లక్షణాలు. వీటిని చక్కగా వివరించింది. పిట్టలు కొట్టేవాడు ఒక పక్షిని చంపిన దృశ్యాన్ని కళ్లకు కట్టినట్లుగా వర్ణించి చెప్పింది. అది చాలా హృదయ విదారకమైన దృశ్యం.

పాతకాలంనాటి మనుషులకు ఈ రోజులలో మనుషులకు తేడాలను బాగా చెప్పింది. ఆ రోజులలో ఎవరైనా చెట్ల కొమ్మలు విరుస్తున్నా, పక్షులను, జంతువులను కొడుతున్నా చూసినవారు గదమాయించేవారు. నేటి రోజులలో ఆ పద్ధతి పోయింది. ఎవ్వరూ ఎవరినీ పట్టించుకోవడంలేదు.

చిన్నతనంలో నరసింహులు చేసిన అల్లరిని గుర్తు చేసుకొంది. అతను సర్పంచ్ అయినందుకు ఆనందించింది. కాని, అతను తనను నరకడానికి వచ్చాడని తెలిసి బాధపడింది. ఈ విధంగా ప్రతి విషయాన్నీ మఱ్ఱిచెట్టు చక్కగా వివరించింది.

ప్రశ్న 3.
మానవుల వలె చెట్లు / పక్షులు, జంతువులు మాట్లాడగలిగితే ఎలా ఉంటుందో మీ మాటల్లో వివరించండి.
జవాబు:
మానవుల వలే చెట్లు / పక్షులు / జంతువులు మాట్లాడగలిగితే అవి అనే మాటలకు మానవుడు ఈ భూమి మీద బతకలేడు. అతను చేసే అరాచకాలను ప్రకృతి ప్రశ్నించకే మూర్ఖుడిలా, ఉన్మాదిలాగా తయారయ్యాడు. కొన్నివేల హెక్టార్ల అడవులను మనిషి నాశనం చేశాడు. భూమండలం మీద కాలుష్యం పెంచాడు. ఆక్సిజన్ కొరత ఏర్పరిచాడు. వేడిని పెంచాడు. వర్షాలు రాకుండా చేశాడు. చెట్లు మాట్లాడితే ఈ అరాచకాలకు ఏనాడో అడ్డుకట్ట పడేది. భూలోకం స్వర్గలోకంలా ఉండేది.

ఆదిమానవుని కాలంలో పక్షులను, జంతువులను వేటాడి చంపాడు. ఆధునికుడయ్యాక పెంపకం పేరుతో చంపుతున్నాడు. అనేక పక్షి, జంతు జాతులు ఆనవాలు కూడా లేకుండా పోయాయి. ఎంకి పెళ్లి సుబ్బి చావుకు వచ్చినట్లు మానవుని నూతన ఆవిష్కరణలు, సైన్సు అభివృద్ధి పక్షుల, జంతువుల నాశనానికి వచ్చింది. అవి మాట్లాడితే భూమండలం కిలకిలలతో కలకలలాడుతూ ఉండేది.

భాషాంశాలు

అ) కింది వాక్యాలను చదివి గీత గీసిన పదాలకు అర్ధాన్ని రాయండి.
ఉదా : గాల్వన్ లోయలో కల్నల్ సంతోష్ బాబు ధైర్య సాహసాలకు చైనా సైన్యం విస్తుపోయింది.
విస్తుపోవు – ఆశ్చర్యపడు

1. జంతువులు, పక్షులు వంటి ప్రాణుల యెడల నిర్దాక్షిణ్యంగా ప్రవర్తించరాదు.
జవాబు:
నిర్దాక్షిణ్యం – దయలేకపోవడం

2. జడివానతో వీచే పెనుగాలి చెట్లను పెళ్ళగిస్తుంది.
జవాబు:
పెళ్ళగించు – పెకలించు

3. దండకారణ్యంలో రాముని సత్తువ రాక్షసులను వణికించింది.
జవాబు:
సత్తువ – బలం

4. 2025 నాటికి భారతదేశం ఇదమిద్ధంగా విశ్వగురుస్థానాన్ని చేరుతుంది.
జవాబు:
ఇదమిద్ధం – కచ్చితం

ఆ) కింది పదాలకు పర్యాయపదాలను పద విజ్ఞానం నుండి గ్రహించండి.

1. నెపం – కారణం, మిష
2. ఆశ్రయం – అండ, ఆలంబన
3. అపేక్ష – కాంక్ష, కోరిక

ఇ) కింది ప్రకృతి – వికృతులను జతపరచండి.

1. హృదయము	అ) సత్తువ
2. నిభ	ఆ) ఎద
3. సత్వము	ఇ) పత్తనము
4. పట్టణము	ఈ) నెపము

జవాబు:

1. హృదయము	ఆ) ఎద
2. నిభ	ఈ) నెపము
3. సత్వము	అ) సత్తువ
4. పట్టణము	ఇ) పత్తనము

ఈ) కింది పదాలకు సొంతవాక్య ప్రయోగం చేయండి.
ఉదా : సీత, సావిత్రి కబుర్లు చెప్పుకొంటున్నారు.

మనసులో పెట్టుకొను – తరతరాలు – విశ్రాంతి – చీటికీ మాటికీ – చూడముచ్చట – చెవిలో పడటం జ్ఞాపకం – అపేక్ష – ఆశ్రయం – అల్లాడిపోవు – అస్తమానం – మరుపుకురానంత – గొంతునులమటం – ఉయ్యాలలూగు – ఆగతాయి పనులు.
జవాబు:
1) మనసులో పెట్టుకొను = ఎవ్వరికీ చెప్పకపోవడం.
సొంతవాక్యం : మంచిని మనసులో పెట్టుకొని తిరిగి ఉపకారం చేయాలి.

2) తరతరాలు = వంశంలోని అనేకమంది.
సొంతవాక్యం : గాంధీజీని తరతరాలు గుర్తుపెట్టుకుంటారు.

3) విశ్రాంతి = విరామము
సొంతవాక్యం : విశ్రాంతి లేకుండా కష్టపడితే విజయం వరిస్తుంది.

4) చీటికీ మాటికీ = ఎక్కువసార్లు
సొంతవాక్యం : చీటికీ మాటికీ బడి మానేస్తే చదువురాదు కదా !

5) చూడముచ్చట = చూడడానికి అందంగా ఉండడం.
సొంతవాక్యం : చంటి పిల్లల అల్లరి చూడముచ్చటగా ఉంటుంది.

6) చెవిలో పడటం = వినబడటం
సొంతవాక్యం : మంచిమాటలు చెవిలో పడటం అదృష్టం.

7) జ్ఞాపకం = గుర్తు
సొంతవాక్యం : వృద్ధులకు చిన్నతనం జ్ఞాపకం వస్తుంటుంది.

8) అపేక్ష = కోరిక
సొంతవాక్యం : ధనం పైన మితిమీరిన అపేక్ష పనికిరాదు.

9) ఆశ్రయం = ఆలంబన
సొంతవాక్యం : పేదలకు ఆశ్రయం ఇవ్వాలి.

10) అల్లాడిపోవు = బాధపడు
సొంతవాక్యం : వేసవిలో నీరు దొరకక కొందరు అల్లాడిపోతారు.

11) అస్తమానం = పదేపదే
సొంతవాక్యం : అస్తమానం ఆడుకోకూడదు. చదువుకోవాలి.

12) మరుపుకురానంత = మరిచిపోలేనంత
సొంతవాక్యం : ఎవరి విజయం వారికి మరుపురానంత ఆనందం ఇస్తుంది.

13) గొంతునులమటం = పీకనొక్కడం, చంపడం
సొంతవాక్యం : ఎవ్వరినైనా గొంతునులమటం తప్పు, మహాపాపం.

14) ఉయ్యాలలూగు = హాయిని అనుభవించు
సొంతవాక్యం : పిల్లలు ఆనందంతో ఉయ్యాలలూగుతారు.

15) ఆగతాయి పనులు = అల్లరి పనులు
సొంతవాక్యం : ఆగతాయి పనులు చేస్తే అపఖ్యాతి వస్తుంది.

ఉ) కింది పదాలను ఏ అర్థంలో – సందర్భంలో ఉపయోగిస్తారో తెలుసుకోండి.
ఉదా : కాలక్షేపం : ‘సమయాన్ని వృథాగా గడుపుట’ అనే అర్థంలో ఉపయోగిస్తారు.

1) హృదయ విదారకం :
మనసుకు చాలా బాధ కలిగించేదానిని వివరించే సందర్భంలో ఉపయోగిస్తారు.

2) గుండెలు అలసిపోయేటట్టు :
విపరీతంగా ఏడుస్తున్న లేక బాధతో పరుగెడుతున్న సందర్భం వివరించేటపుడు ఇది ఉపయోగిస్తారు.

3) ముక్కు మీద వేలేసుకొను :
ఊహకందని పరిస్థితిని చూసి ఆశ్చర్యపడే వారి గురించి వివరించే సందర్భంలో ఇది ఉపయోగిస్తారు.

4) గుండె చెరువగు :
భరించలేనంత దుఃఖం కలిగిన దానిని గురించి వివరించే సందర్భంలో ఇది ఉపయోగిస్తారు.

5) హృదయం ముక్కలవడం :
అనుబంధానికి పూర్తి వ్యతిరేకంగా ఏదైన జరిగి బాధ కలిగిన సందర్భంలో వివరించేటపుడు ఇది ఉపయోగిస్తారు.

6) పొట్టన పెట్టుకును :
కాపాడగలిగీ కాపాడకుండా ఒకరి మరణానికి కారణమైన వారి గురించి వివరించే సందర్భంలో ఇది ఉపయోగిస్తారు.

వ్యాకరణాంశాలు

అ) కింది వాక్యాలు చదవండి.

1. వాల్మీకి సంస్కృతంలో రామాయణాన్ని రచించాడు.
2. వ్యాసుడు సంస్కృతంలో భారతాన్ని రచించాడు.
3. విశ్వనాథ సత్యనారాయణ తెలుగులో శ్రీమద్రామాయణ కల్పవృక్షాన్ని రచించాడు.
4. ఎర్రన తెలుగులో హరివంశాన్ని రచించాడు.
5. పోతన తెలుగులో భాగవతాన్ని రచించాడు.

ఆ) గీత గీసిన పదాలను విడదీసిరాయండి.
ఉదా : రామాయణాన్ని = రామాయణము + ని
1. భారతాన్ని = భారతము + ని
2. కల్పవృక్షాన్ని = కల్పవృక్షము + ని
3. హరివంశాన్ని = హరివంశము + ని
4. భాగవతాన్ని = భాగవతము + ని

పై ఉదాహరణల్లోని వాక్యాల్లో క్రియకు ముందు ఎవరిని / దేనిని / వేనిని అని ప్రశ్నిస్తే (వాల్మీకి సంస్కృతంలో దేనిని రచించారు?) వచ్చే సమాధానాన్ని ‘కర్మ’ అని చెప్పవచ్చు. అలాంటి పదాలకు చివర ద్వితీయా విభక్తి ప్రత్యయమైన ని/ను (రామాయణాన్ని) చేరటాన్ని గమనించవచ్చు.

సకర్మకం – లకర్మకం

ఇ) కింది వాక్యాలను చదవండి.

1. కౌసల్య రాముని చూసి సంతోషించింది.
2. సుమిత్ర లక్ష్మణుని ఆశీర్వదించింది.
3. కైకేయి భరతుని రాజుగా చూడదలచింది.
4. శత్రుఘ్నుడు శత్రువులను జయించగలడు.

పై ఉదాహరణల్లో క్రియకు ముందు ఎవరిని / దేనిని / వేనిని (కౌసల్య ఎవరిని చూసి సంతోషించింది) అనే పదాన్ని ఉంచినపుడు సమాధానం వస్తోంది. కనుక ఈ వాక్యాలను ‘సకర్మకాలు’ అంటారు.

ఈ) కింది వాక్యాలు చదవండి.

1. దశరథుడు మరణించాడు.
2. జటాయువు నేలకూలాడు.
3. సూర్యుడు ఉదయిస్తున్నాడు.
4. సంపాతి ఎగురుతున్నాడు.

పై ఉదాహరణల్లో క్రియకు ముందు దేనిని / వేనిని / ఎవరిని అనే పదాన్ని ఉంచినప్పుడు ఎలాంటి సమాధానం రావడం లేదు. అంటే ఈ వాక్యాలలో కర్మ లేదని అర్థం. కనుక పై వాక్యాలను ‘అకర్మకాలు’ అంటారు.

ఇత్వ సంధి

ఉ) కింది వాక్యాలను గమనించండి.

1. కొండపల్లి విహార యాత్రకు వెళ్లి ఏమేమి బొమ్మలు కొన్నారు?
2. ఏమంటివి? మంచిని పంచమంటివా?
3. వసతి గృహ విద్యార్థులు సంక్రాంతికింటికి వెళ్లాలని అనుకుంటున్నారు.
4. మంచినెంచు వారు మానవులే?
5. మంచి కొంచెం చేసినా పదింతలు ఫలితాన్ని ఇస్తుంది.
6. సిరిగల వానికెయ్యెడల చేసిన మేలు నిష్ఫలం బగున్.

ఊ) గీత గీసిన పదాలను విడదీయండి.
ఉదా : ఏమేమి = ఏమి + ఏమి (ఇది ఇత్వ సంధి కాదు. ఆమ్రేడిత సంధి)
1. ఏమంటివి = ఏమి + అంటివి
2. సంక్రాంతికింటికి = సంక్రాంతికిన్ + ఇంటికి
3. మంచినెంచు = మంచిని + ఎంచు
4. పదింతలు = పది + ఇంతలు
5. వానికెయ్యెడల = వానికిన్ + ఎయ్యెడల

పై ఉదాహరణలలో విడదీసిన పదాలలో పూర్వ స్వరంగా ‘ఇ’ కారం ఉంది. ఇలా పూర్వస్వరంగా ‘ఇ’ ఉండి దానికి ఏదైనా అచ్చు పరమైనపుడు జరిగే సంధి కార్యాన్ని “ఇకారసంధి” అంటారు. పైన 2వ, 5వ ఉదాహరణలలో విడదీసినపుడు సంక్రాంతికిన్, వానికిన్, అని ఉంది. రెండు పదాలలోనూ చివర “నకారపు పొల్లు” ఉంది కదా ! ‘నకారపు పొల్లు’ను ‘ద్రుతము’ అంటారు. ‘ద్రుతము’ అంటే (అవసరం లేకపోతే) కరిగిపోవునది అని అర్థం.

ఇక్కడ ఇత్వసంధి కలిసినపుడది ,కరిగిపోయింది. సంక్రాంతికింటికి, వానికెయ్యెడల అనే రూపాలేర్పడ్డాయి. ద్రుతము కరగకపోతే “సంక్రాంతికినింటికి, వానికి నెయ్యెడల” అనే రూపాలుకూడా ఏర్పడతాయని గ్రహించండి. ఇది వైకల్పిక సంధి కదా ! పైన చెప్పిన సంక్రాంతికి నింటికి, వానికి నెయ్యెడల అనేవి సంధి రానప్పటి రూపాలని గుర్తుంచుకోండి.

ఋ) కింది పదాలను విడదీయండి. పూర్వ స్వరాన్ని గమనించండి.

1. అమ్మగారింట్లో = అమ్మగారి + ఇంట్లో ‘8’లోని హ్రస్వ ఇకారం)
2. అత్తగారింట్లో – అత్తగారి + ఇంట్లో (‘8’లోని హ్రస్వ ఇకారం)
3. చేతికందెడు = చేతికి(న్) + అందెడు (‘కి’లోని హ్రస్వ ఇకారం)
4. చిన్నదైనా – చిన్నది + ఐనా (‘ది’లోని హ్రస్వ ఇకారం)
5. లేనిదంటు – లేనిది + అంటు (‘ది’లోని హ్రస్వ ఇకారం)

ఋ) కింది వాక్యాలను చదవండి. ‘కర్మ’ ను గుర్తించి గీత గీయండి.

1. నేను చెరువు గట్టునే పుట్టాను.
2. నేను దగ్గరలో ఉన్న ఆకులతో ఆమెను కప్పడానికి ప్రయత్నించాను.
3. పక్షి కేరుమని అరిచింది.
4. పిట్టలు కొట్టేవాడు పక్షి కడుపును పొడిచాడు.
5. మర్రి చెట్టు పాలు, కాయలు ఎన్నో జబ్బులను నయం చేస్తవి.
6. మరునాడే వడ్రంగులను వెంటబెట్టుకొని వచ్చాడు.

ఎ) పై వాక్యాల నుండి సకర్మక – అకర్మక వాక్యాలను విడదీసి రాయండి.
సకర్మక వాక్యాలు :
1. నేను దగ్గరలో ఉన్న ఆకులతో ఆమెను కప్పడానికి ప్రయత్నించాను.
2. పిట్టలు కొట్టేవాడు పక్షి కడుపును పొడిచాడు.
3. మర్రిచెట్టు పాలు, కాయలు ఎన్నో జబ్బులను నయం చేస్తవి.
4. మరునాడే వడ్రంగులను వెంటబెట్టుకొని వచ్చాడు.

అకర్మక వాక్యాలు :
1. నేను చెరువు గట్టునే పుట్టాను.
2. పక్షి కేరుమని అరిచింది.

ఏ) పాఠం ఆధారంగా కొన్ని సకర్మక వాక్యాలు గుర్తించండి. రాయండి.

1. పై భాగాన్నంతా కట్టెల క్రింద కొట్టారు.
2. ఆ రహస్యాలను మనసులో పెట్టుకొని ఉండేదాన్ని.
3. అనేక విషయాలు చెప్పుకొంటూ ఉండేవారు.
4. పులిజూదం ఆడుకొనేవారు.
5. నేను గాలివీస్తూ ఉండేదానిని.
6. నా మాట నిస్సంకోచంగా నమ్మవచ్చు.
7. నా వేళ్లే నాకు ఆహారాన్ని సమకూర్చి పెట్టినై
8. నా నీడన మనుష్యులు విశ్రాంతిని పొందుతారు.
9. నా నీడన మనుష్యులు చల్లదనాన్ని అనుభవిస్తారు.
10. కాకి గూడును కట్టుకొని ఉంది.

ఐ) పాఠం ఆధారంగా కొన్ని అకర్మక వాక్యాలు గుర్తించండి. రాయండి.

1. ఆ కొమ్మను ఆకులు కూడా ఉన్నాయి.
2. కొన్ని పక్షులు భయంతో లేచిపోయినై
3. పిట్టలు కొట్టేవాడు క్రింద ఉన్నాడు.
4. ఇదంతా చూస్తూ నిలబడిపోయాను నేను.
5. ఆ పక్షి కొంచెం పెద్దది.
6. రోజులలా మారినై.
7. మానవుల దృష్టి మారిపోయింది.
8. నరసింహులు మా గ్రామపంచాయితీ ప్రెసిడెంటు అయ్యాడు.
9. నిన్న మొన్నటి వరకు ఆగతాయితనంగా తిరిగేవాడు.
10. కాని, అతను అందుకు రాలేదు.

ప్రాజెక్టుపని

చుట్టూ వున్న పరిసరాలలో మానవులకు మేలు చేసే (వేప/రావి/తులసి/తుమ్మ ఏదైనా చెట్టు చిత్రాన్ని గీయండి. దాని గురించి రాయండి.
జవాబు:
వేప :

వేపచెట్టు ఆరోగ్య ప్రదాయిని. వేపచెట్టు గాలి తగిలితే ఊపిరితిత్తులకు సంబంధించిన రోగాలు నయమౌతాయి. వేపాకులు నీళ్లలో మరిగించి ఆ నీటితో స్నానం చేస్తే శరీరంపై దురదలు, దద్దుర్లు తగ్గుతాయి. వేప పుల్లతో పళ్లు తోముకుంటే పళ్లు గట్టిపడతాయి. పిప్పిపళ్లు, పుచ్చుపళ్లు వంటివి ఉండవు. పరగడుపున వేపచిగుళ్లు నమిలితే కడుపులో నులిపురుగులు పోతాయి. షుగరు వ్యాధి కూడా అదుపులో ఉంటుంది. వేప కలపను గుమ్మాలకు ఉపయోగిస్తారు. ఇన్ని ప్రయోజనాలు ఉన్నాయి. కనుకనే వేపచెట్టును అమ్మవారిగా పూజిస్తారు. ప్రదక్షిణలు చేస్తారు.

తులసి :

తులసి మొక్కను లక్ష్మీ స్వరూపంగా భావిస్తారు. ప్రతి ఇంటిలోను గుమ్మానికి ఎదురుగా తులసికోట కట్టుకొని, దానిలో తులసి మొక్కను వేసి భక్తి శ్రద్ధలతో పూజిస్తారు. తులసిమొక్కలు రెండు రకాలుగా ఉన్నాయి. ఒకటి విష్ణుతులసి, రెండవది లక్ష్మీ తులసి. విష్ణుతులసి కొంచెం నల్లగా ఉంటుంది. తులసి ఆకులను పూజలలో ఉపయోగిస్తారు. విష్ణువుకు తులసిమాలలు అలంకరిస్తారు. తులసి తీర్థం త్రాగి ఉపవాసం ప్రారంభిస్తారు. ఉపవాసం ముగించడానికి కూడా తులసి తీర్థం త్రాగుతారు.

మందుల తయారీలో ఎక్కువగా విష్ణు తులసిని ఉపయోగిస్తారు. తులసి ఆకుల రసం ఆయుర్వేదంలో వాడతారు. ఇంటి వైద్యంగా కూడా ఉపయోగిస్తారు. జలుబు, తలనొప్పి, పొట్టకు సంబంధించిన వ్యాధులు, వాపులు, గుండె . జబ్బులు, విషాహారాలు, మలేరియా వంటి చాలా రోగాలు నయం చేయడానికి తులసిని ఉపయోగిస్తారు. తులసిలో అధిక మోతాదులో యూజినాల్ ఉండడం వలన నొప్పిని కూడా తగ్గిస్తుంది. ఒక్కమాటలో తులసి మనపాలిట ఆరోగ్యలక్ష్మి.

సుభాషితం

మేలైనను గీడైనను
శీలవతీ ! మనుజుడెద్ది సేయు బరులకున్
వాలయంబుగ నది ఫల
కాలంబున గుడుచు వేరుగలుగదు చెపుమా !

భావం :
ఓ సదాచార సంపన్నురాలా ! మానవుడు ఇంకొకరికి మేలు చేసినా, కీడు చేసినా దానికి సంబంధించిన ఫలితాన్ని అనుభవించి తీరుతాడు. ఫలితం అనుభవించుటలో ఇంకో విధంగా జరగనే జరగదు.

ఉపాధ్యాయులకు సూచనలు

1. ‘మాకూ ఉన్నాయి స్వగతాలు’ రచనను సేకరించండి. చదవండి.
2. ‘నీతి చంద్రిక’ కథలను విద్యార్థులతో చదివించండి.

కవి పరిచయం

రచయిత పేరు : త్రిపురనేని గోపీచంద్
జననం : కృష్ణాజిల్లా, అంగలూరులో 8. 9. 1910లో జన్మించారు.
తల్లిదండ్రులు : పున్నమాంబ, రామస్వామి చౌదరి.
చదువు : బి.ఎ. న్యాయవాద పట్టా (‘లా’ డిగ్రీ)
ఉద్యోగాలు : న్యాయవాది (కొంతకాలం), ఆంధ్రరాష్ట్ర సమాచారశాఖ డైరెక్టర్, ఆకాశవాణిలోనూ పనిచేశారు.

రచనలు :
ధర్మవడ్డీ, మమకారం, తండ్రులు – కొడుకులు, మాకూ ఉన్నాయి స్వగతాలు, పోస్టు చేయని ఉత్తరాలు మొదలైనవి.

అవార్డులు : వీరి రచన ‘పండిత పరమేశ్వర శాస్త్రి వీలునామా’కు కేంద్ర సాహిత్య అకాడమీ బహుమతి లభించింది. 8.9.2011న గోపీచంద్ శతజయంతి సందర్భంగా భారత ప్రభుత్వం తపాలాబిళ్ల విడుదల చేసింది.

ప్రత్యేకతలు :
గోపీచంద్ దర్శక నిర్మాతగా కొన్ని సినిమాలను నిర్మించారు. ఆయన జీవితమే ఒక చైతన్య కు స్రవంతి. ఆయన 2.11. 1962న స్వర్గస్తులయ్యారు.

పదాలు – అర్థాలు

1. నేనిప్పుడే……… జ్ఞాపకం వుంది.
అర్థాలు :
లాట్లు = పోగులు, గుట్టలు (వస్తువుల)
నాశనం = నిర్మూలనం
కబుర్లు = మాటలు
ముఖమార్జన = పళ్లుతోముకొని ముఖం శుభ్రం చేసుకోవడం
రహస్యాలు = మర్మాలు
చెవిలో పడడం = వినబడడం
గ్రామస్తులు = గ్రామంలోనివారు
కుర్రకారు = యువత
విస్తుపోవడం = ఆశ్చర్యపోవడం
పులిజూదం = పులి – మేక ఆట
అర్థించుట = యాచించుట
చీటికీమాటికీ = చాలాసార్లు
అపేక్ష = ఆశ, అభిమానం
విత్తు = విత్తనం
ఇదమిద్దంగా = కచ్చితంగా
ఆశ్రయం = అండ
కసి = కోపం
భేదం = తేడా
నిత్యం = ఎల్లప్పుడూ
ఏటికికోటికి = ఎప్పుడైనా
జ్ఞాపకం = గుర్తు
హృదయం ముక్కలవడం = మనసుకు చాలా బాధ కలగడం
దారుణం = ఘోరం
అవిసిపోవడం = పగిలిపోవడం

2. ఒకరిమీద ………… కూర్చున్నారంటారా?
అర్థాలు :
సత్తువ = బలం
నిమ్మ = చెమ్మ
కించిత్ = కొద్దిగా
స్వార్థం = కేవలం తన గురించి
స్వభావం = తన యొక్క ఆలోచన
ఇబ్బంది = అసౌకర్యం
అల్లాడు = గిలగిల లాడు, బాధపడు
ముక్కుమీద వేలు వేసుకోవడం = ఊహించని దాన్ని చూసి ఆశ్చర్యపోవడం
ఘోరాపచారం = దారుణమైన తప్పు

3. అవి రెట్టలు వేస్తున్నవంటారా? …………. ఆ పిట్టలవాడు.
అర్థాలు :
అనాకారపు పనులు = వికృత చేష్టలు
కశ్మలం = మలినము, మురికి
సంపర్కం = కలయిక
పట్టుబడడం = అలవడడం
హింసించటం = బాధపెట్టడం
హృదయం ద్రవించడం = చాలా బాధ కలగడం
పరిసరాలు = చుట్టుప్రక్కలు
అపాయం = ప్రమాదం
అలలు = కెరటాలు
ప్రాణాలు అరచేతిలో పెట్టుకోవడం = చాలా భయపడడం
పసిగట్టు = గ్రహించు
కొన = చివర
బాకు = కత్తి
వాసం = దూలం

4. ఇదంతా………. లూగుతుండేవాడు.
అర్థాలు :
నులమడం = నలపడం
పెల్లగించి = వెలికితీసి
స్పృహ = తెలివి
నిర్దాక్షిణ్యంగా = దయలేకుండా
పొట్టను పెట్టుకోవడం = చంపడం
దృష్టి = ఆలోచన
ఆగతాయితనంగా = అల్లరి చిల్లరగా, బాధ్యత లేకుండా

5. ఆ నరసింహులు ……. నా ధర్మం !
అర్ధాలు :
సన్మానం = సత్కారం
చూడముచ్చటగా = అందంగా
పురస్కరించి = గౌరవించి
పార్కు = ఉద్యానవనం
అభ్యుదయం = అభివృద్ధి
పంథా = మార్గం
జోహారు = నమస్కారము
అర్పించడం = ఇవ్వడం
గుండె చెరువవ్వడం = చాలా బాధ కలగడం
నిర్లక్ష్యం = పట్టించుకోకపోవడం
విస్తరి = భోజనం చేయడానికి ఉపయోగించే ఆకు
ఘనకార్యం = గొప్ప పని
వడ్రంగి = కర్రతో సామానులు చేసే వ్యక్తి
కుప్ప = పోగు
మొండము = కాండము
సమూలంగా = పూర్తిగా
కుళ్లగించు = పెల్లగించు, పెకలించు
కొన ఊపిరి = చివరి శ్వా స
రంగరించి = కలిపి

AP State Syllabus AP Board 7th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 5 Triangle and Its Properties Ex 4 Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 5th Lesson Triangle and Its Properties Exercise 4

Question 1.
In ΔABC, name all the interior and exterior angles of the triangle.

Solution:
Interior angles
∠ABC, ∠BAC, ∠CAB
Exterior angles
∠ACZ, ∠BAY and ∠CBX

Question 2.
For ΔABC, find the measure of ∠ACD.

Solution:
In ΔABC,
∠ACD = ∠BAC + ∠ABC (exterior angle property)
=66° + 45° = 111°.

Question 3.
Find the measure of angles x and y.

Solution:
In the figure,
x° + 65° = 180° (lInear pair of an1es)
∴ x°= 180°- 65°= 115°
Also y° + 30° = 65° (exterior angle property)
y° = 65° – 30° = 35°

Question 4.
In the following figures, fmd the values of x and y.


Solution:
In ΔABC,
107° = x° + 57° (exterIor angle property)
∴ x° = 107° – 57° =50°
In ΔADC,
∠CAD + ∠ADC + ∠ACD = 180° (angle – sum property)
40° + 107°+ x°= 180°
∴ x° = 180° – 147° = 33°
Also in ΔABC,
∠A +∠B +∠C = 180°
40° + ∠B + (33° + 65°) = 180°
∠B + 138° = 180°
B = 180° – 138° = 42°
Now y° = ∠A + ∠B for ΔABC (exterior angle property)
=40° + 42° = 82°

Question 5.
In the figure ∠BAD = 3 ∠DBA, find ∠CDB. ∠DBC and ∠ABC.

Solution:
In ΔBCD,
∠DBC + ∠BCD = ∠BDA (exterior angle property)
∠DBC + 65° -104°
∴ ∠DBC = 104° – 65° = 39°
Also ∠BDA + ∠BDC = 180° (linear pair of angles)
104° + ∠BDC = 180°
∠CDB or ∠BDC = 180° – 104° = 76°
Now in ΔABD,
∠BAD + ∠ADB + ∠DHA = 180°
3∠DBA + ∠DBA + 104° = 180° (given)
4∠DBA + 104° – 180°
∴ 4∠DBA = 180° – 104°= 76°
∴∠DBA = \(\frac{76^{\circ}}{4}\) = 19°
Now ∠ABC = ∠DBA + ∠DBC = 19° + 39° = 58°

Question 6.
Find the values of x and y in the following figures.




Solution:
i) In the figure the angles are
70°, x°, x° (angles in an Isosceles triangle)
Also 70° + x° + x° = 180° (angle – sum property)
2x° + 70°= 180°
2x° = 180° – 70° [∵ y° = x°]
2x° = 110°
x°= \(\frac{110^{\circ}}{2}\) = 55°

ii) From the figure,
the Interior opposite angles of x are 50°, 500 (angles in an isosceles triangle )
50° + 50° = x° (exterior angle is equal to sum of the Interior opposite angles)
∴ x = 100°

iii) From the figure,
y° = 30° (vertically opposite angles)
ALso y = x° – 30° (equal angles of an Isosceles triangles)
∴ x° = 30° and y = 30°

iv) From the figure,
a + 110° = 180° (linear pair of angles)
∴ a = 180° – 110°= 70
Also y° = a° = 70° (equal angles of an isosceles triangle)
x + y + a = 180 (sum of interior angles)
x + 70 + 70 = 180
x + 140 = 180
x = 180 – 40 = 40°, ∴ x = 40°

v) From the figure,
30° + y° – 180°
y° = 180° – 30° = 150°
Also x° + a° = y° (exterior angle property)
x° + 90° = 150°
x° = 150° – 90° = 60°

vi) From the figure,
b = 80° (vertically opposite angles)
Also x° = a° (equal angles of an isosceles triangle.)
° 80° + x° + a° = 180
80 + x° + x° = 180
2x° = 180° – 80° =100°
2x° = 100°
∴ x° = \(\frac{100}{2}\) = 50°
Now y = x° b° (exterior angle property)
50° + 80° = 130°

Question 7.
One of the exterior angles of a triangle is 125° and the interior opposite angles are in the
ratio 2 :3. Find the angles of the triangle.
Solution:
Ratio of the interior opposite angles = 2 : 3
Sum of the terms of the ratio = 2 + 3 = 5
Sum of the interior angles exterior angle = 125°
∴ First angle = \(\frac{2}{5}\) x 125° = 500
Second angle = \(\frac{3}{5}\) x 125° = 75°

Question 8.
The exterior ∠PRS of ∆PQR is 105°. If Q = 70°. find ∠P. Is ∠PRS > ∠P?
Solution:

∠P+ ∠Q = ∠PRS (exterior angle is equal to sum of the interior opposite angles)
∠P + 70° = 105°
∠P = 105° – 70° = 35°
Now ∠PRS > ∠P.

Question 9.
If an exterior angle of a triangle is 130° and one of the interior opposite angle is 6. Find
the other interior opposite angle.
Solution:
Let the other interi6r opposite angle be = x°
Give interior opposite angle be = 60°
Now sum of the interior opposite angle = exterior angLe
x° + 60° = 130°
x° = 130° – 60° = 70°
∴ The other interior opposite angle = 70°

Question 10.
One of the exterior angle ofa triangle is 105° and the interior opposite angles are in the ratio 2 : 5. Find the angles of the triangle.
Solution:
Ratio of interior opposite angles = 2 : 5
Sum of the terms of the ratio = 2 + 5 = 7
Sum of the angles = 105°
∴ 1st angle = \(\frac { 2 }{ 7 }\) x 105° = 30°
2nd angIe = \(\frac { 5 }{ 7 }\) x 105° = 75°
3rd angle = 180° – (30° + 75°) [∵ angle – sum property]
= 180° – (105°) = 75°

Question 11.
In the figure find the values of x andy.
Solution:

From the figure,
∠y = 50° + 30° = 80° (exterior angle property)
∠x = y° + 55° (exterior angle property)
= 80° + 55°
= 135°

SCERT AP Board 7th Class Hindi Study Material 2nd Lesson होशियार कौआ Textbook Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Hindi 2nd Lesson Questions and Answers होशियार कौआ

7th Class Hindi 2nd Lesson होशियार कौआ Textbook Questions and Answers

सोचिए-बोलिए

प्रश्न 1.
चित्र में क्या – क्या दिखाई दे रहे हैं? (చిత్రంలో ఏమేమి కన్పించుచున్నవి?)
उत्तर:
चित्र में एक बालक और एक अलमारी है। अलमारी के ऊपर एक गेंद है और बिजली का लट्ट दिखाई दे रहे हैं।
(చిత్రంలో ఒక బాలుడు మరియు ఒక అలమరా (బీరువా) ఉన్నాయి. అలమరాపై ఒక బంతి ఉంది మరియు ఒక బల్బు కనిపిస్తున్నవి.)

प्रश्न 2.
लड़का क्या कर रहा है? (బాలుడు ఏమి చేయుచున్నాడు?)
उत्तर:
लडका अलमारी पर रखे हुए गेंद को लेने का प्रयास कर रहा है। अलमारी ऊँची है। वह नीचा है। इसलिए वह उसे पकड नहीं सका। उसके मन में एक उपाय आया। वह एक संदूक लाकर उस पर खडे होकर गेंद को अलमारी की ऊपर से पाने की कोशिश कर रहा है।
(బాలుడు అలమారు (బీరువా) పైనున్న బంతిని తీసుకొనుటకు ప్రయత్నించుచుండెను. బీరువా ఎత్తైనది. అతడు పొట్టివాడు. అందువలన అతడు దానిని పట్టుకొనలేకపోవుచుండెను. అతని మనస్సులో ఒక ఉపాయం వచ్చెను. అతడు ఒక పెట్టెను తెచ్చి దానిపై నిలబడి బంతిని బీరువా పై నుండి తీసుకొను ప్రయత్నం చేయుచున్నాడు.)

Intext Questions Answers

प्रश्न 1.
लोमडी ने कौए से गाने के लिए क्यों कहा? (నక్క కాకితో పాట పాడమని ఎందుకు చెప్పెను?)
उत्तर:
कौए की चोंच में रोटी है । इसे देखकर लोमडी के मुँह में पानी भर आया। किसी न किसी प्रकार रोटी को लेना चाहा। लोमडी ने गाने के लिए इसलिए कहा कि यदि वह गायेगा तो उसके मुँह से रोटी नीचे गिर जाएगी।
(కాకి నోటిలో ఒక రొట్టె ఉన్నది. దానిని చూసి నక్క నోటిలో నీరు ఊరినది. నక్క ఏదో విధముగా కాకి నోటిలోని రొట్టెను తీసుకొనవలెనని అనుకున్నది. నక్క కాకితో పాడమని ఎందుకన్నదనగా కాకి పాడితే దాని నోటి నుండి రొట్టె క్రింద పడిపోతుంది. )

प्रश्न 2.
कौए ने रोटी को अपने पैरों के नीचे क्यों रख लिया? (కాకి రొట్టెను తన పాదముల క్రింద ఎందుకు ఉంచుకున్నది?)
उत्तर:
कौए ने रोटी को अपने पैरों के नीचे इसलिए रख लिया कि गाते समय उसके मुख से रोटी न गिरें।
(కాకి తన పాదముల క్రింద రొట్టెను ఎందువలన ఉంచుకున్నదనగా తను పాట పాడేటప్పుడు నోటి నుండి రొట్టె క్రింద పడకుండా ఉండుట కొరకు. )

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सुनिए-बोलिए

प्रश्न 1.
कुछ पक्षियों के नाम बताइए। ( కొన్ని పక్షుల పేర్లు చెప్పండి.)
उत्तर:
कौआ, तोता, कोयल, कबूतर, मोर और गैरय्या आदि कुछ पक्षियों के नाम हैं।
(కాకి, చిలుక, కోకిల, పావురము, నెమలి మరియు పిచ్చుక మొదలగునవి కొన్ని పక్షులు పేర్లు.)

प्रश्न 2.
लोमड़ी क्या पाना चाहती थी? (నక్క ఏమి పొందకోరుచున్నది?)
उत्तर:
लोमड़ी, कैए के मुँह से रोटी पाना चाहती थी।
(నక్క కాకి నోటిలోనున్న రొట్టెను పొందగోరుచున్నది.)

प्रश्न 3.
कौए ने लोमड़ी से कैसा व्यवहार किया? (కాకి నక్కతో ఎలా వ్యవహరించెను?)
उत्तर:
कौए ने लोमडी से सोच विचारकर विवेक और होशियारी से व्यवहार किया।
(కాకి నక్కతో బాగా ఆలోచించి వివేకంతో తెలివితో వ్యవహరించెను.)

पढ़िए

अ) चित्र से संबंधित शब्द जोड़िए।

आ) पाठ में वाक्यों के सही क्रम को पहचानकर क्रम संख्या कोष्ठक में लिखिए।

1. कौआ रोटी को निगल गया। [5]
2. लोमड़ी के मुँह में पानी भर आया। [ 1 ]
3. रोटी को अपने पैरों के नीचे रख लिया। [ 3 ]
4. मैं कामयाब नहीं हो सका। [ 4 ]
5. आपका गाना बहुत मधुर था। [ 2 ]

इ) सही वर्तनी वाले शब्दों पर गोला “O” बनाइए।

ई) नीचे दिए गए वाक्यों में चित्रों से संबंधित शब्दों पर गोला “O” बनाइए।

लिखिए

अ) नीचे दिये गये प्रश्नों के उत्तर छोटे – छोटे वाक्यों में लिखिए।
క్రింది ఇవ్వబడిన ప్రశ్నలకు సమాధానములు చిన్న – చిన్న వాక్యములలో ఇవ్వండి.

1. खाने की खोज में कौन घूम रहा था? (తిండి కోసం ఎవరు వెతుకుతూ తిరుగుచుండెను?)
उत्तर:
खाने की खोज में एक लोमडी घूम रही थी।
(తిండి కోసం ఒక నక్క వెతుకుతూ తిరుగుచుండెను.)

2. इस कहानी से क्या शिक्षा मिलती है? (ఈ కథ వలన మనకు ఏ ఉపదేశం లభించును?)
उत्तर:
इस कहानी से यह शिक्षा मिलती है कि – ” सोच विचार कर विवेक से काम करने पर व्यवहार में परिवर्तन आता है और बुद्धि का विकास होता है।
(ఈ కథ నుండి మనకు లభించు ఉపదేశం ఏమనగా .. “బాగా ఆలోచించి వివేకంతో పనిచేసినచో వ్యవహారంలో మార్పు వస్తుంది మరియు మన బుద్ధి వికసిస్తుంది. )

आ) नीचे दिये गये प्रश्न का उत्तर पाँच – छः वाक्यों में लिखिए।
క్రింది ఇవ్వబడిన ప్రశ్నకు సమాధానము 5- 6 వాక్యములలో వ్రాయండి

“होशियार कौआ” कहानी का सारांश लिखिए। (‘తెలివి గల కాకి’ కథ సారాంశమును వ్రాయండి.)
उत्तर:
एक भूखी लोमड़ी जंगल में भटक रही थी। उसकी दृष्टि पेड़ पर बैठे हुए एक कौए पर पड़ी। उसकी चोंच में एक रोटी का टुकड़ा था। लोमडी उसे पाना चाहती थी। लोमडी ने कौए की प्रशंसा करते हुए उससे गाने को कहा। कौआ रोटी को पैरों में दबाकर गाने लगा। कौए की चालाकी जानकर लोमड़ी ने उसे नाचने को कहा । चोंच में रोटी पकडकर कौआ नाचने लगा। अपने को होशियार समझकर लोमड़ी ने कौए से एक साथ नाचने और गाने को कहा। कौआ रोटी खाने के बाद नाचने और गाने लगा। कौआ लोमड़ी से भी चालाक था। लोमड़ी निराश होकर चली गयी।
(ఆకలిగొన్న ఒక నక్క అడవిలో తిరుగుచున్నది. దాని దృష్టి చెట్టుపై కూర్చున్న ఒక కాకిపై పడినది. దాని నోటిలో ఒక రొట్టె ముక్క ఉన్నది. నక్క దానిని పొందకోరెను. నక్క కాకిని పొగుడుతూ దానిని పాటపాడమనెను. కాకి రొట్టెను కాళ్ళ క్రింద అదిమి పెట్టుకుని పాట పాడుచుండెను. కాకి తెలివి తెలుసుకున్న నక్క దానిని నాట్యము చేయమనెను. అప్పుడు కాకి. రొట్టెను ముక్కుతో పట్టుకుని నాట్యము చేయసాగెను. తను తెలివి గలదానినని భావించి నక్క కాకితో ఒకేసారి పాట పాడుతూ నాట్యము చేయమనెను. కాకి రొట్టె తిని నాట్యము చేయుచు పాటపాడసాగెను. కాకి నక్క కంటే కూడా తెలివైనది. నక్క నిరాశతో వెళ్ళిపోయెను.)

इ) उचित शब्दों से खाली जगह भरिए।

1. लोमड़ी और कौआ ……….. में रहते थे। (शहर / जंगल)
उत्तर:
जंगल

2. ……… भोजन की खोज में घूम रही थी। (लोमड़ी / कौआ)
उत्तर:
लोमड़ी

3. रोटी के टुकडे को कौऐ ने अपनी … से पकडा। (चोंच / पंख)
उत्तर:
चोंच

4. मैं आपका …….. सुनना चाहती हूँ। (खाना / गाना)
उत्तर:
गाना

5. इस कहानी में ……….. होशियार निकला। (कौआ / लोमड़ी)
उत्तर:
कौआ

ई) चित्र देखकर पाठ से संबंधी शब्द लिखिए।

भाषांश

अ) अंत्याक्षरी विधि के अनुसार नीचे दिये गये शब्दों के आधार पर चार शब्द बनाइए।

1. कौआ – आम – मन – नल – लय

2. जंगल – ……………………………
उत्तर:
लगन – नभ – भवन – नाल

3. गाना – ………………………….
उत्तर:
नमक – कनक – कलम – मजा

4. होशियार – …………………………
उत्तर:
राग – गगन – नर – रात

5. पाँच – ……………………………….
उत्तर:
चावल – लदना – नाक – कान

आ) पर्यायवाची शब्द लिखिए।

मीठा – रसीला, पाँव – चरण, वन – कानन, तलाश-ढूँढना, बुद्धिमान – अकलमंद

1. पैर – पाँव – चरण

2. होशियार – …………., ……………..
उत्तर:
बुद्धिमान, अकलमंद

3. जंगल – …………., ……………..
उत्तर:
वन, कानन

4. मधुर – …………., ……………..
उत्तर:
मीठा, रसीला

5. खोज – …………., ……………..
उत्तर:
तलाश, ढूँढना

सृजनात्मकता

अ) चित्र देखकर शब्द लिखिए।

1. बंदर
उत्तर:
2. हाथी
3. चिड़िया
4. जिराफ़
5. शेर
6. जेबरा

आ) परियोजना कार्य :

कुछ पक्षियों के चित्र संग्रहित करके उनके नाम लिखिए।

इ) अनुवाद कीजिए।

1. मैं पाठशाला जाता हूँ।
उत्तर:
నేను పాఠశాల(బడి)కి వెళతాను.

2. तुम्हारा नाम क्या है?
उत्तर:
నీ పేరు ఏమిటి?

3. मुझे हिंदी पसंद है।
उत्तर:
నాకు హిందీ ఇష్టము.

4. आप पाठ पढ़िए।
उत्तर:
తమరు పాఠం చదవండి.

5. मेरा भारत महान है।
उत्तर:
నా భారతదేశం గొప్పది.

व्याकरणांश

संयुक्ताक्षर

अ) सीखने के लिए और कुछ अभ्यास :

1. मृ = म् + ऋ
2. दृ = द् + ऋ
3. श्र = श् + र
4. ष्ट = ष् + ट
5. ग्न = ग् + न
6. स्त = स् + त

आ) नीचे दिए गए शब्दों में से संयुक्ताक्षरवाले शब्द चुनकर लिखिए।

अध्यापकों के लिए सूचना : ఉపాధ్యాయులకు సూచన :

होशियारी से संबंधित एक और रचना का बच्चों को परिचय दीजिए। (తెలివికి సంబంధించిన మరొక రచనను పిల్లలకు పరిచయం చేయండి.)
उत्तर:
होशियार लोमडी

एक बार एक सिंह गंभीर रूप से बीमार हो गया। वह जंगल के सभी जानवरों का राजा था। अतः जंगल के सभी जानवर झुंड बनाकर उसका हालचाल पूछने आए। केवल एक लोमडी नहीं आई।

यह भेडिये के लिए सुनहरा अवसर था। वह लोमडी का शत्रु था। भेडिया सिंह से बोला – हे महराज! आपकी प्रजा के दिल में आपके लिए इतना प्रेम है कि हर जानवर आपके स्वास्थ्य की कामना कर रहा है। किसी भी जानव ने प्रातःकाल से कुछ भी खाया – पिया नहीं है। मगर लोमडी ही एक ऐसी है जो कहीं नज़र नहीं आ रही है।

यह सुनकर सिंह बहुत क्रोधित हो गया। उसने लोमडी को बुलवा भेजा। लोमडी को सिंह के दरबार में हाजिर कर दिया गया। ”बदतमीज़ लोमडी !” सिंह गुस्से से गरजा – ”अपनी गैर हाज़िरी का कारण बयान करो।’ लोमडी ने भेडिया को तिरछी नजरों और कुटिलता से मुस्कराते देख लिया था। वह सारी बात समझ गई और बिना एक क्षण की भी देर किए बोली – “मालिक ऐसा नहीं है, मुझे आपकी बीमारी के बारे में पूरी सूचना है। मैं तो किसी ऐसे डॉक्टर की तलाश कर रही हूँ, जो आपको शीघ्र स्वस्थ कर दे और आपको दोबारा शक्तिशाली बना दे और मैं सचमुच एक ऐसे डॉक्टर से मिल चुकी हूँ, जिसने बताया है कि अगर आप शीघ्र स्वस्थ होना चाहते हैं तो एक भेडिया को मारकर उसकी गरम खाल अपने शरीर पर लपेट ले।

यह सुनते ही सिंह, भेडिये की ओर मुडा। भेडिया अपने जीवनदान के लिए सिंह से भीख माँगता लेकिन सिंह उस पर टूट पड़ा और उसे मार डाला।

नीति : ईर्ष्या की आग स्वयं को जला देती है।

पाठ का सारांश

एक भूखी लोमड़ी जंगल में भटक रही थी। उसकी दृष्टि पेड़ पर बैठे हुए एक कौए पर पड़ी। उसकी चोंच में एक रोटी का टुकड़ा था। लोमडी उसे पाना चाहती थी। लोमडी ने कौए की प्रशंसा करते हुए उससे गाने को कहा। कौआ रोटी को पैरों में दबाकर गाने लगा। कौए की चालाकी जानकर लोमड़ी ने उसे नाचने को कहा । चोंच में रोटी पकडकर कौआ नाचने लगा। अपने को होशियार समझकर लोमड़ी ने कौए से एक साथ नाचने और गाने को कहा। कौआ रोटी खाने के बाद नाचने और गाने लगा। कौआ लोमड़ी से भी चालाक था। लोमड़ी निराश होकर चली गयी।

పాఠ్య సారాంశం

ఆకలిగొన్న ఒక నక్క అడవిలో తిరుగుచున్నది. దాని దృష్టి చెట్టుపై కూర్చున్న ఒక కాకిపై పడినది. దాని నోటిలో ఒక రొట్టె ముక్క ఉన్నది. నక్క దానిని పొందకోరెను. నక్క కాకిని పొగుడుతూ దానిని పాటపాడమనెను. కాకి రొట్టెను కాళ్ళ క్రింద అదిమి పెట్టుకుని పాటపాడుచుండెను. కాకి తెలివి తెలుసుకున్న నక్క దానిని నాట్యము చేయమనెను. అప్పుడు కాకి రొట్టెను ముక్కుతో పట్టుకుని నాట్యము చేయసాగెను. తను తెలివిగలదని భావించి నక్క కాకితో ఒకేసారి పాట పాడుతూ నాట్యము చేయమనెను. కాకి రొట్టె తిని నాట్యము చేయుచు పాట పాడసాగెను. కాకి నక్క కంటే కూడా తెలివైనది. నక్క నిరాశతో వెళ్ళిపోయెను.

Summary

A hungry fox was roaming in a forest. A crow perched on the branch of a tree caught his attention. The crow had a piece of bread in his beak. The fox wanted to have it. He started praising the crow wanted him to sing a song. The crow put the piece of bread under his claws and started singing. Realising the cleverness of the crow, the fox wanted him to dance. Then the crow held the piece of bread in his beak and started dancing. The fox assumed the crow to be wise, wanted him to dance and sing at a time. The crow ate the piece of bread and sang while dancing. The crow was wiser than the fox. The fox was disappointed and went away.

व्याकरणांश (వ్యాకరణాంశాలు)

लिंग बदलिए (లింగములను మార్చండి)

दादा – दादी
भाई – बहन
कौआ – मादा कौआ
बूढ़ा – बूढ़ी
लोमडी – लोमडा
काका – काकी
मामा – मामी
चाचा – चाची
कवि – कवयित्री
बकरा – बकरी
मुर्गा – मुर्गी
गाय – बैल

वचन बदलिए (వచనములను మార్చండి)

समस्या – समस्याएँ
सफलता – सफलताएँ
कहानी – कहानियाँ
रोटी – रोटियाँ
पैर – पैर
टुकडा – टुकडे
पेड – पेड
मित्र – मित्र
मै – हम
यह – ये
वह – वे
प्रेरणा – प्रेरणाएँ

विलोम शब्द (వ్యతిరేక పదములు)

विवेक × अविवेक
सफलता × असफलता
होशियार × अकलमंद
बैठना × उठना
सुनना × बोलना
अच्छा × बुरा
एक × अनेक
पुरानी × नयी
नीचे × ऊँचे
कल्पित × यथार्थ
पकडना × छोडना
बड़ा × छोटा
हाँ × नहीं
मधुर × कडुआ
सफल × असफल/विफल
जन्म × मरण
विकास × अविकास
प्रशंसा × निंदा

शब्दार्थ (అర్థాలు) (Meanings)

जंगल = वन, అడవి, forest
शक्ति = ताकत, శక్తి, power
खोज = ढूँढना, వెదుకుట, search
भैया = भाई, సోదరుడు, brother
चुराना = चोरी करना, దొంగలించుట, snatch
पैर = पाँव, పాదములు, legs
मधुर = मीठा, తీయని, sweet
होशियार = बुद्धिमान, తెలివి గల, clever
घूमना = टहलना, తిరుగుట, walking
पेड़ = वृक्ष, చెట్టు, tree
पुराना = प्राचीन, పాత, old
गौर से = ध्यान से, జాగ్రత్తగా, carefully
दिमाग = मस्तिष्क, మెదడు, mind
छीनना = जबरदस्ती से ले लेना, లాగుకొనుట, snatch
सीखना = शिक्षा प्राप्त करना, నేర్చుకొనుట, to learn
जानना = सीखना, నేర్చుకొనుట, to learn
मित्र = दोस्त, మిత్రుడు, friend
सफ़लता = कामयाबी, విజయము, victory
भगवान = प्रभु, భగవంతుడు, The God
परिवर्तन = बदलाव, మార్పు, change

SCERT AP 7th Class Maths Solutions Pdf Chapter 11 Area of Plane Figures Review Exercise Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 11th Lesson Area of Plane Figures Review Exercise

Find the missing value in the following tables and fill by using the given hints:

(i)

Answer:

(ii)

Answer:

(iii)

Answer:

(iv)

Answer:

Andhra Pradesh SCERT AP State Board Syllabus 7th Class Hindi Chapter Wise Important Questions and Answers are part of AP Board 7th Class Textbook Solutions.

Students can also read AP Board 7th Class Hindi Solutions for exam preparation.

AP State Board Syllabus 7th Class Hindi Important Questions and Answers

AP 7th Class Hindi Important Questions and Answers New Syllabus

7th Class Hindi Important Questions Sem 1

• Chapter 1 ज्ञान हम को दीजिए Important Questions
• Chapter 2 होशियार कौआ Important Questions
• Chapter 3 आदिवासी नृत्य – धिंसा Important Questions
• Chapter 4 हम नन्हें बच्चे Important Questions
• Chapter 5 ईमानदारी का फल Important Questions
• Chapter 6 पत्र-लेखन Important Questions

AP 7th Class Hindi Important Questions Sem 2

• Chapter 7 कोयल Important Questions
• Chapter 8 आओ हिन्दी सीखें Important Questions
• Chapter 9 साहसी बालक Important Questions
• Chapter 10 कबीर की वाणी Important Questions
• Chapter 11 सफलता का मंत्र Important Questions
• Chapter 12 कोंडापल्ली की यात्रा Important Questions

AP 7th Class Hindi Chapter Wise Important Questions (Old Syllabus)

• Chapter 1 मन करता है
• Chapter 2 सच्चा दोस्त
• Chapter 3 हिंदी दिवस
• Chapter 4 अपना प्यारा भारत देश
• Chapter 5 आसमान गिरा
• Chapter 6 छुट्टी पत्र
• Chapter 7 चारमीनार
• Chapter 8 हमारे त्यौहार
• Chapter 9 गुसाडी
• Chapter 10 कबीर के दोहे
• Chapter 11 साहसी सुनीता
• Chapter 12 आत्मविश्वास

SCERT AP 7th Class Maths Solutions Pdf Chapter 8 ఘాతాంకాలు మరియు ఘాతాలు InText Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 8th Lesson ఘాతాంకాలు మరియు ఘాతాలు InText Questions

నీ ప్రగతిని సరిచూసుకో [పేజి నెం. 56]

ప్రశ్న 1.
కింది వాటిని భూమి 10గా ఉండే విధంగా ఘాతాంక రూపంలో వ్రాయండి.
(i) 10,00,00,000
(ii) 100,00,00,000
సాధన.
(i) 10,00,00,000 = 10⁸
(ii) 100,00,00,000 = 10⁹

అన్వేషిద్దాం [ఆపే నెం. 58]

ప్రశ్న 1.
కింది పట్టికను గమనించి పూరించండి. మొదటిది మీ కోసం చేయబడినది.

సాధన.

ప్రశ్న 2.
కింది సంఖ్యలను ఘాతాంక రూపంలో రాయండి. వాటి – భూమి, ఘాతాంకం మరియు ఎలా చదువుతారో సూచించండి.
(i) 16
సాధన.
16 = 4² భూమి 4, ఘాతాంకం 2
4 యొక్క 2వ ఘాతం (లేదా)
4 యొక్క వర్గం.
16 = 2⁴ భూమి 2, ఘాతాంకం 4
2 యొక్క 4వ ఘాతం.

(ii) 49
సాధన.
49 = 7² భూమి 7, ఘాతాంకం 2
7 యొక్క 2వ ఘాతం (లేదా)
7 యొక్క వర్గం.

(iii) 512
సాధన.
512 = 2⁹ భూమి 2, ఘాతాంకం 9
2 యొక్క 9వ ఘాతం
512 = 8³ భూమి 8, ఘాతాంకం 3
8 యొక్క 3వ ఘాతం. (లేదా)
8 యొక్క ఘనం.

(iv) 243
సాధన.
243 = 3⁵ భూమి 3, ఘాతాంకం 5 .
3 యొక్క 5వ ఘాతం.

ప్రశ్న 3.
కింది వాటిని గణించి పెద్ద దానిని రాయండి.
(i) 4³ లేదా 3⁴
సాధన.
4³ = 4 × 4 × 4 = 64
3⁴ = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 81
81 > 64 (లేదా) 64 < 81 .
కావున, 3⁴ > 4³, 3⁴ పెద్దది.

(ii) 5³ లేదా 3⁵
సాధన.
5³ = 5 × 5 × 5 = 125
3⁵ = 3 × 3× 3 × 3 × 3 = 243
243 > 125
3⁵ > 5³, 3⁵ పెద్దది.

ప్రశ్న 4.
3² అనేది 2³ కు సమానమా ? మీ జవాబును సమర్ధించండి.
సాధన.
3² = 3 × 3 = 9
2³ = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8
9 ≠ 8 కావున 3² ≠ 2³
∴ 3² అనేది 2³ కు సమానం కాదు.

నీ ప్రగతిని సరిచూసుకో [పేజి నెం. 60]

ప్రశ్న 1.
కింది సంఖ్యలను ప్రధాన కారణాంక పద్దతిని ఉపయోగించి ఘాత రూపంలో రాయండి.

(i) 432
సాధన.

432 = 2 × 216
= 2 × 2 × 108
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 54
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 27
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 9
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3
= 24 × 33
∴ 432 = 2⁴ × 3³

(ii) 1296
సాధన.

1296 = 2 × 648
= 2 × 2 × 324
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 162
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 81
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 27
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 9
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
= 2⁴ × 3⁴
∴ 1296 = 2⁴ × 3⁴

(iii) 729
సాధన.

729 = 3 × 243
= 3 × 3 × 81
= 3 × 3 × 3 × 27
= 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 9
= 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
= 3⁶
∴ 729 = 3⁶

(iv) 1600
సాధన.

1600 = 2 × 800
= 2 × 2 × 400
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 200
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 100
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 50
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 25
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5
= 2⁶ × 5²
∴ 1600 = 2⁶ × 5²

అన్వేషిద్దాం. [పేజి నెం. 64]

ప్రశ్న 1.
క్రింది వాటిలో ఖాళీ గడి లో తగిన సంఖ్యను రాయండి.
‘b’ ఏదైనా ఒక శూన్యేతర పూర్ణసంఖ్యగా తీసుకోండి.
(i)

సాధన.

= b² × b³
= b × b × b × b × b = b⁵
∴ b² × b³ = b⁵

(ii)

సాధన.

ప్రశ్న 2.
కింది వాటిని a^m × aⁿ = a^{m + n} సూత్రాన్ని ఉపయోగించి సూక్ష్మీకరించండి.
(i) 5⁷ × 5⁴
సాధన.
5⁷ × 5⁴
5⁷ × 5⁴= 5^{7 + 4} = 5¹¹
∴ 5⁷ × 5⁴ = 5¹¹

(ii) p³ × p²
సాధన.
p³ × p²
p³ × p² = p^{3 + 2} = p⁵
∴ p³ × p² = p⁵

(iii) (- 4)¹⁰ × (- 4)³ × (- 4)²
సాధన.
(- 4)¹⁰ × (- 4)³ × (- 4)²
= (- 4)^{10 + 3} × (- 4)²
= (- 4)¹³ × (- 4)²
= (- 4)^{13 + 2}
= (- 4)¹⁵
(లేదా)
= (- 4)^{10 + 3 + 2} = (- 4)¹⁵

అన్వేషిద్దాం [సంకలనం పేజి నెం. 66]

ప్రశ్న 1.
కింది వాటిని (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn సూత్రాన్ని ఉపయోగించి ఘాతరూపంలో రాయండి.
(i) (6²)⁴
సాధన.
(6²)⁴
(6²)⁴ = 6^{2 × 4} = 6⁸ [∵ (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn]
∴ (6²)⁴ = 6⁸

(ii) (2²)¹⁰⁰
సాధన.
(2²)¹⁰⁰
(2²)¹⁰⁰ = 2^{2 × 100} = 2²⁰⁰
∴ (22)100 = 2200

(iii) (20⁶)²
సాధన.
(20⁶)²
(20⁶)² = 20^{6 × 2} = 20¹²
∴ (20⁶)² = 20¹²

(iv) [(- 10)³]⁵
సాధన.
[(- 10)³]⁵
[(- 10)³]⁵ = (- 10)^{3 × 5} = (- 10)¹⁵
∴ [(- 10)³]⁵ = (- 10)¹⁵

నీ ప్రగతిని సరిచూసుకో [పేజి నెం. 68]

కింది వాటిని a^m × b^m = (ab)^m న్యాయాన్ని ఉపయోగించి సూక్ష్మీకరించండి.

(i) 7⁶ × 3⁶
సాధన.
7⁶ × 3⁶
7⁶ × 3⁶ = (7 × 3)⁶ = (21)⁶ [∵ a^m × b^m = (ab)^m]
∴ 7⁶ × 3⁶ = 21⁶

(ii) (3 × 5)⁴
సాధన.
(3 × 5)⁴
3⁴ × 5⁴ = (3 × 5)⁴ = 15⁴
∴ (3 × 5)⁴ = 15⁴

(iii) a⁴ × b⁴
సాధన.
a⁴ × b⁴
a⁴ × b⁴ = (a × b)⁴ = (ab)⁴
∴ a⁴ × b⁴ = (ab)⁴

(iv) 3² × a²
సాధన.
3² × a²2
3² × a² = (3 × a)² = (3a)²
∴ 3² × a² = (3a)²

అన్వేషిద్దాం [పేజి నెం. 74]

ప్రశ్న 1.
కింది వాటిని సూక్ష్మీకరించి a^{m – n} లేదా \(\frac{1}{a^{n-m}}\) రూపంలో రాయండి.

(i) \(\frac{10^{8}}{10^{4}}\)
సాధన.
\(\frac{10^{8}}{10^{4}}\) = 10^{8 – 4} = 10⁴ [∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^{m – n}(m > n)]
∴ \(\frac{10^{8}}{10^{4}}\) = 10⁴

(ii) \(\frac{(-7)^{13}}{(-7)^{10}}\)
సాధన.
\(\frac{(-7)^{13}}{(-7)^{10}}\) = (- 7)^{13 – 10}
= (- 7)³ = – 7 × – 7 × – 7 = – 343
∴ \(\frac{(-7)^{13}}{(-7)^{10}}\) = (- 7)³ (లేదా) – 343

(iii) \(\frac{12^{5}}{12^{8}}\)
సాదన.

(iv) \(\frac{3^{4}}{3^{7}}\)
సాదన.
\(\frac{3^{4}}{3^{7}}\) = \(\frac{1}{3^{7-4}}\) = \(\frac{1}{3^{3}}\)
∴ \(\frac{3^{4}}{3^{7}}\) = \(\frac{1}{3^{3}}\)

ప్రశ్న 2.
ఖాళీ గడిని సరైన సంఖ్యతో నింపండి.

(i)

సాధన.

(ii)

సాధన.

(iii)

సాధన.

(iv)

సాధన.

ప్రశ్న 3.
కింది వాటిని సూక్ష్మీకరించండి.
(i) \(\frac{6^{8}}{6^{8}}\)
సాదన.
\(\frac{6^{8}}{6^{8}}\) = 6^{8 – 8} = 6⁰ = 1 (∵ a⁰ = 1)

(ii) \(\frac{\mathbf{t}^{10}}{\mathbf{t}^{10}}\)
సాదన
\(\frac{\mathbf{t}^{10}}{\mathbf{t}^{10}}\) = t^{10 – 10} = t¹⁰ = 1 (∵ a⁰ = 1)

(iii) \(\frac{12^{7}}{12^{7}}\)
సాదన
\(\frac{12^{7}}{12^{7}}\) = 12^{7 – 7} = 12⁰ = 1 (∵ a⁰ = 1)

(iv) \(\frac{p^{5}}{p^{5}}\)
సాదన
\(\frac{p^{5}}{p^{5}}\) = p^{5 – 5} = p⁰ = 1 (∵ a⁰ = 1)

నీ ప్రగతిని సరిచూసుకో మన [పేజి నెం. 76]

ప్రశ్న 1.
క్రింది ఖాళీ గడులను పూరించండి.
(i)

సాధన.

(ii)

సాధన.

(iii)

సాధన.

(iv)

సాధన.

నీ ప్రగతిని సరిచూసుకో [పేజి నెం. 78]

ప్రశ్న 1.
కింది వాటిని ఘాత రూపంలో వ్యక్తపరచండి.
(i) \(\frac{-27}{125}\)
షాధన.

(ii) \(\frac{-32}{243}\)
సాధన.

(iii) \(\frac{-125}{1000}\)
సాధన.

(iv) \(\frac{-1}{625}\)
సాధన.

ఆలోచించండి [పేజి నెం. 78]

ప్రశ్న 1.
దీక్షిత మరియు హర్ష 4(3)² ను వేరువేరు విధాలుగా లెక్కించారు. దీక్షిత ఇలా చేసింది.
4(3)2 = (4 × 3)²
= 12²
= 144
హర్ష ఇలా చేశాడు.
4(3)² = 4 × (3 × 3)
= 4 × 9
= 36
ఎవరు సమస్యను తప్పుగా చేశారు ? మీ స్నేహితులతో తప్పు చేయుటకు కారణాలను చర్చించండి.
సాధన.
దీక్షిత తప్పుగా చేసినది.
4(3)² = (4 × 3)² = 12² = 144 గా దీక్షిత తప్పు చేసినది. ఇక్కడ భూమి 3, ఘాతాంకం 2, గుణకం 4.
దీక్షిత గుణకంను కూడా భూమిగా పరిగణించి సమస్యను సాధించింది. కావున తప్పు అయినది.

ఇవి చేయండి కృత్యం [పేజి నెం. 80]

జతను కనుగొనడం: తరగతి గదిని రెండు గ్రూపులుగా విభజించండి. ప్రతి గ్రూపు కూడా కార్డుల కట్టను కలిగి ఉన్నాయి. గ్రూప్-1లోని ప్రతి విద్యార్థి గ్రూపు-2 లోని తగిన విద్యార్థితో జత కూడి సరైన కారణం చెప్పాలి.

గమనిక: తరగతిలోని విద్యార్థులందరికి ఘాతాంక న్యాయాల పట్ల అవగాహన అయ్యేవరకు ఈ కృత్యాన్ని కొనసాగించవచ్చు.
సాధన.

ప్రాజెక్టు పని [పేజి నెం. 84]

మీ ప్రాంతములోని 5 కుటుంబాల వార్షిక ఆదాయ వివరాలను వారి రేషన్ కార్డును పరిశీలించి దగ్గర వెయ్యి / లక్షలకు సవరించి ఘాత రూపంలో వ్యక్తపరచుము. ఒకటి మీ కోసం చేయబడినవి.

సాధన.

తార్కిక విభాగం

సంఖ్యలలో భిన్నమైన దానిని గుర్తించడం [పేజి నెం. 90]

క్రింద ఇవ్వబడిన ప్రతి ప్రశ్నలో 4 సంఖ్యలు ఇవ్వబడ్డాయి. అందులో 3 ఒకే విధంగా సంబంధాన్ని కలిగి ఉన్నాయి. కాని ఒకటి మాత్రం మిగిలిన మూడు సంఖ్యలకు భిన్నంగా ఉన్నది. మూడింటి మధ్య సంబంధాన్ని కనుగొని భిన్నంగా ఉన్న సంఖ్యను గుర్తించి సమాధానంగా వ్రాయుము.
సంఖ్యలు బేసి / సరి / వరుస సంఖ్యలు, ప్రధాన సంఖ్యలు, ఏదో ఒక సంఖ్య యొక్క గుణిజాలు వర్గాలు లేదా ఘనాలు, కూడిక లేదా తీసివేతలలో ఏదైనా ఒక సంబంధాన్నిగాని విభిన్న సంబంధాల కలయికగానైనా ఉండవచ్చు. ప్రశ్నలు
సమాధానాలు సూచనలు

ప్రశ్న 1.
(a) 12
(b) 25
(c) 37
(d) 49
జవాబు
(c) 37

వివరణ:
ప్రధాన సంఖ్య.

ప్రశ్న 2.
(a) 13
(b) 63
(c) 83
(d) 43
జవాబు
(b) 63

వివరణ:
ప్రధాన సంఖ్య కాదు.

ప్రశ్న 3.
(a) 21
(b) 49
(c) 56
(d) 36
జవాబు
(d) 36

వివరణ:
7 తో భాగింపబడదు.

ప్రశ్న 4.
(a) 112
(b) 256
(c) 118
(d) 214
జవాబు
(b) 256

వివరణ:
వర్గ సంఖ్య.

ప్రశ్న 5.
(a) 42
(b) 21
(c) 84
(d) 35
జవాబు
(d) 35

వివరణ:
3 తో భాగింపబడదు.

ప్రశ్న 6.
(a) 11
(b) 13
(c) 15
(d) 17
జవాబు.
(c) 15

వివరణ:
ప్రధాన సంఖ్య కాదు.

ప్రశ్న 7.
(a) 10
(b) 11
(c) 15
(d) 16
జవాబు
(b) 11

వివరణ:
ప్రధాన సంఖ్య.

ప్రశ్న 8.
(a) 49
(b) 63
(c) 77
(d) 81
జవాబు
(d) 81

వివరణ:
7 తో భాగింపబడదు.

ప్రశ్న 9.
(a) 28
(b) 65
(c) 129
(d) 215
జవాబు
(a) 28

వివరణ:
సరి సంఖ్య.

ప్రశ్న 10.
(a) 51
(b) 144
(c) 64
(d) 121
జవాబు
(a) 51

వివరణ:
వర్గ సంఖ్య కాదు.

ఉదాహరణ

ప్రశ్న 1.
8² లేక 2⁸ లలో ఏది పెద్దది ? సమర్థించండి.
సాధన.
8² = 8 × 8 = 64
2⁸ = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 256
256 > 64
∴ 28 > 89.

ప్రశ్న 2.
కింది వాటిని am × an = am + n సూత్రాన్ని ఉపయోగించి సూక్ష్మీకరించండి.
(i) (- 5)⁷ × (- 5)⁴
సాధన.
(- 5)⁷ × (- 5)⁴ = (- 5)^{7 + 4} (∵ a^m × aⁿ = a^{m + n})
= (- 5)¹¹
∴ (- 5)⁷ × (- 5)⁴ = (- 5)¹¹

(ii) 3³ × 3² × 3⁴
సాధన.
3³ × 3² × 3⁴ = 3^{3 + 2 + 4} (∵ a^m × aⁿ = a^{m + n})
= 3⁹
∴ 3³ × 3² × 3⁴ = 3⁹

ప్రశ్న 3.
కింది వాటిని (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn సూత్రాన్ని ఉపయోగించి సూక్ష్మీకరించండి.
(i) (8³)⁴
సాధన.
(8³)⁴ = 8^{3 × 4} [∵ a^m)ⁿ = a^mn
= 8¹²
∴ (8³)^{4</sup = 812}

(ii) [(- 11)⁵]²
సాధన.
[(- 11)⁵]² = (- 11)^{5 × 2}
= (- 11)¹⁰
∴ [(- 11)⁵]² = (- 11)¹⁰

(iii) (7⁵⁰)²
సాధన.
(7⁵⁰)² = 7^{50 × 2}
= 7¹⁰⁰
∴ (7⁵⁰)² = 7¹⁰⁰

ప్రశ్న 4.
కింది వాటిని a^m× b^m = (ab)^m న్యాయాన్ని ఉపయోగించి సూక్ష్మీకరించండి.
(i) 5² × 3²
సాధన.
5² × 3² = (5 × 3)² [∵ a^m × b^m = (ab)^m]

(ii) p³ × q³
సాధన.
p³ × q³ = (p × q)³

(iii) (7 × 8)⁴
సాధన.
(7 × 8)⁴ = 7⁴ × 8⁴ [∵ (ab)^m = a^m × b^m]

ప్రశ్న 5.
కింది వాటిని సూక్ష్మీకరించి \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^{m – n} లేదా \(\) = \(\frac{1}{a^{n-m}}\) రూపంలో రాయండి.

(i) \(\frac{2^{9}}{2^{3}}\)
సాధన.
\(\frac{2^{9}}{2^{3}}\) = 2^{9 – 3} [∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^{m – n}]
= 2⁶

(ii) \(\frac{(-9)^{11}}{(-9)^{7}}\)
సాధన.
\(\frac{(-9)^{11}}{(-9)^{7}}\) = (- 9)^{11 – 7} = (- 9)⁴

(iii) \(\frac{7^{10}}{7^{13}}\)
సాధన.
\(\frac{7^{10}}{7^{13}}\) = \(\frac{1}{7^{13-10}}\) (∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = \(\left.=\frac{1}{a^{n-m}}\right)\)]
= \(\frac{1}{7^{3}}\)

(iv) \(\frac{6^{2}}{6^{5}}\)
సాధన.
\(\frac{6^{2}}{6^{5}}\) = \(\frac{1}{6^{5-2}}\) = \(\frac{1}{6^{3}}\)

ప్రశ్న 6.
కింది వాటిని \(\frac{a^{m}}{b^{m}}\) = \(\left(\frac{\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{b}}\right)^{\mathrm{m}}\)సూత్రాన్ని ఉపయోగించి సూక్ష్మీకరించండి.

(i) \(\frac{5^{3}}{2^{3}}\)
సాదన.
\(\frac{5^{3}}{2^{3}}\) = \(\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^{3}\) (∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{b^{m}}\) = \(\left(\frac{\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{b}}\right)^{\mathrm{m}}\))

(ii) \(\left(\frac{8}{5}\right)^{4}\)
సాదన.
\(\left(\frac{8}{5}\right)^{4}=\frac{8^{4}}{5^{4}}\) = \(\frac{8^{4}}{5^{4}}\) (∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{b^{m}}\) = \(\left(\frac{\mathrm{a}}{\mathrm{b}}\right)^{\mathrm{m}}\))

ప్రశ్న 7.
(1)⁴, (1)⁵, (1)⁷, (- 1)², (- 1)³, (- 1)⁴, (- 1)⁵ విలువలను లెక్కించండి.
సాధన.
(1)⁴ = 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 = 1
(1)⁵ = 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 = 1
(1)⁷ = 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 = 1
(- 1)² = (- 1) × (- 1) = 1
(- 1)³ = (- 1) × (- 1) × (- 1) = – 1
(- 1)⁴ = (- 1) × (- 1) × (- 1) × (- 1) = 1
(- 1)⁵ = (- 1) × (- 1) × (- 1) × (- 1) × (- 1) = – 1
పై ఉదాహరణల నుండి మనం కింది విషయాలు గమనించవచ్చు.
(i) 1 యొక్క ఏ ఘాతంకైనా దాని విలువ 1.
(ii) (- 1) యొక్క సరి ఘాతం 1 మరియు (- 1) యొక్క బేసి ఘాతం – 1 అగును.
కాబట్టి (- 1)^m = 1 ‘m’ సరిసంఖ్య అయిన
(- 1)^m = – 1 ‘m’ బేసిసంఖ్య అయిన

ప్రశ్న 8.
\(\frac{-8}{27}\) ను ఘాత రూపంలో వ్యక్తపరచండి.
సాధన.
– 8 = (- 2) × (- 2) × (- 2) = (- 2)³
27 = 3 × 3 × 3 = (3)³
∴ \(\frac{-8}{27}\) = \(\frac{(-2)^{3}}{3^{3}}\) = \(\left(\frac{-2}{3}\right)^{3}\)

ప్రశ్న 9.
అభిలాష్ a³ ∙ a² ను a⁶ గా లెక్కించాడు. అతడు చేసినది సరియైనదేనా ?
సాధన.
అభిలాష్ చేసినది సరికాదు. ఎందుకనగా
a³ ∙ a² = a^{3 + 2} = a⁵
[∵ a^m – aⁿ = a^{m + n}]
కావున, a³ ∙ a² = a⁵ అనునది సరియైనది.

ప్రశ్న 10.
రియాజ్ \(\frac{a^{8}}{a^{2}}\) ను a⁴ గా లెక్కించాడు. అతడు చేసినది సరియైనదేనా ? మీ జవాబును సమర్థించండి.
సాధన.
రియాజ్ చేసినది సరికాదు. ఎందుకనగా
\(\frac{a^{8}}{a^{2}}\) = a^{8 – 2} = a⁶ (∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^{m – n}]
∴ \(\frac{a^{8}}{a^{2}}\) = a⁶ అనునది సరియైనది.

ప్రశ్న 11.
కింది వాటిని ప్రామాణిక రూపంలో రాయండి.
(i) 7465
సాధన.
7465 = 7.465 × 1000 (దశాంశం మూడు స్థానాలు ఎడమ వైపుకు మార్చబడుతుంది.)
= 7.465 × 103

(ii) ఎవరెస్ట్ శిఖరం ఎత్తు 8848 మీ.
సాధన.
ఎవరెస్ట్ శిఖరం ఎత్తు = 8848 మీ.
= 8.848 × 1000 మీ. (దశాంశం మూడు స్థానాలు ఎడమ వైపుకు మార్చబడుతుంది.)
= 8.848 × 103 మీ.

(iii) సూర్యుడు మరియు భూమి మధ్య దూరం 149,600,000,000 మీ.
సాధన.
సూర్యుడు మరియు భూమి మధ్య దూరం
= 149,600,000,000 మీ.
= 1.496 × 100000000000 మీ.
= 1.496 × 10¹¹ మీ.

సాధనా ప్రశ్నలు [పేజి నెం. 90]

క్రింద ఇవ్వబడిన వాటిలో భిన్నమైన సంఖ్యను గుర్తించండి.

ప్రశ్న 1.
(a) 3
(b) 9
(c) 5
(d) 7
జవాబు
(b) 9

వివరణ:
3, 5, 7 లు ప్రధాన సంఖ్యలు, 9 సంయుక్త సంఖ్య.

ప్రశ్న 2.
(a) 6450
(b) 1776
(c) 2392
(d) 3815
జవాబు
(d) 3815

వివరణ:
3815 బేసి సంఖ్య, మిగిలినవన్నీ సరిసంఖ్యలు.

ప్రశ్న 3.
(a) 24
(b) 48
(c) 42
(d) 12
జవాబు
(c) 42

వివరణ:
42 తప్ప మిగిలిన అన్ని సంఖ్యలు 12చే భాగింపబడును.

ప్రశ్న 4.
(a) 616
(b) 252
(c) 311
(d) 707
జవాబు
(c) 311

వివరణ:
311 తప్ప మిగిలిన అన్ని సంఖ్యలు పాలిండ్రోమ్ సంఖ్యలు.
(లేదా)
311 తప్ప మిగిలిన అన్ని సంఖ్యలు 7 చే భాగింపడును.

ప్రశ్న 5.
(a) 18
(b) 12
(c) 30
(d) 20
జవాబు
(d) 20

వివరణ:
20 తప్ప మిగిలిన అన్ని సంఖ్యలు 3 చే భాగింపబడుతాయి
(లేదా)
20 తప్ప మిగిలిన అన్ని సంఖ్యలు 6 చే భాగింపబడుతాయి.

ప్రశ్న 6.
(a) 3730
(b) 6820
(c) 5568
(d) 4604
జవాబు
(c) 5568

వివరణ:
ఇచ్చిన సంఖ్యలలో (c) 5568 తప్ప మిగిలిన సంఖ్యలు 3 చే భాగింపబడవు.
(లేదా)
ఇచ్చిన సంఖ్యలలో. (c) 5568 మాత్రమే 6 చే భాగింపబడుతుంది.

ప్రశ్న 7.
(a) 2587
(b) 7628
(c) 8726
(d) 2867
జవాబు
(a) 2587

వివరణ:
(a) 2587 తప్ప మిగిలిన అన్ని సంఖ్యలు 2, 6, 7, 8 అనే అంకెలతో ఏర్పడినవి.
(లేదా)
2587 లో తప్ప మిగిలిన సంఖ్యల అంకమూలం 23 (Digit root).
7628 అంక మొత్తం = 7 + 6 + 2 + 8 = 23 అలాగే,
8726 అంక మొత్తం = 8 + 7 + 2 + 6 = 23
2867 అంక మొత్తం = 2 + 8 + 6 + 7 = 23

ప్రశ్న 8.
(a) 63
(b) 29
(c) 27
(d) 25
జవాబు
(d) 25

వివరణ:
(a) : 25 వర్గ సంఖ్య.

ప్రశ్న 9.
(a) 23
(b) 37
(c) 21
(d) 31
జవాబు
(c) 21

వివరణ:
21 సంయుక్త సంఖ్య, మిగిలిన అన్ని సంఖ్యలు ప్రధాన సంఖ్యలు.

ప్రశ్న 10.
(a) 18
(b) 9
(c) 21
(d) 7
జవాబు
(d) 7

వివరణ:
7 ప్రధాన సంఖ్య, మిగిలిన అన్ని సంఖ్యలు సంయుక్త సంఖ్యలు.
(లేదా)
7 తప్ప మిగిలిన అన్ని సంఖ్యలు ‘3’ చే భాగింప బడతాయి.

SCERT AP 7th Class Maths Solutions Pdf Chapter 8 ఘాతాంకాలు మరియు ఘాతాలు Unit Exercise Questions and Answers.

AP State Syllabus 7th Class Maths Solutions 8th Lesson ఘాతాంకాలు మరియు ఘాతాలు Unit Exercise

ప్రశ్న 1.
కింది వాటికి సమాధానం ఇవ్వండి.
(i) ఘాత రూపం 14⁹ ను చదివే విధానం …………………
సాధన.
14 యొక్క 9వ ఘాతం.

(ii) భూమి 12 మరియు ఘాతాంకం 17 అయిన దాని ఘాతాంక రూపం …………..
సాధన.
12¹⁷.

(iii) (14 × 21)⁰ విలువ …………..
సాధన.
1

ప్రశ్న 2.
కింది సంఖ్యలను ప్రధాన కారణాంకాల లబ్దముగా వ్యక్తపరచండి.
(i) 648
సాధన.

∴ 648 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
= 2³ × 3⁴

(ii) 1600
సాధన.

∴ 1600 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 2 × 5 × 5
= 2⁶ × 5²
(లేదా)
1600 = 16 × 100
= 2⁴ × (2 × 5)²
= 2⁴ × 2² × 5²
= 2⁶ × 5²
∴ 1600 = 2⁶ × 5²

(iii) 3600
సాధన.

∴ 3600 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5
= 2⁴ × 3² × 5²
(లేదా)
3600 = 36 × 100
= 6² × 10²
= (2 × 3)² × (2 × 5)²
= 2² × 3² × 2² × 5²
= 2⁴ × 3² × 5²
∴ 3600 = 2⁴ × 3² × 5²

ప్రశ్న 3.
కింది వాటిని ఘాతాంక న్యాయాలను ఉపయోగించి సూక్ష్మీకరించండి.
(i) a⁴ × a¹⁰
సాధన.
a⁴ × a¹⁰ = a^{4 + 10} = a¹⁴
(∵ a^m × aⁿ = a^{m + n})

(ii) 18¹⁸ ÷ 18¹⁴
సాధన.
18¹⁸ ÷ 18¹⁴ = \(\frac{18^{18}}{18^{14}}\) = 18^{18 – 14} = 18⁴

(iii) (x^m)⁰
సాధన.
(x^m)⁰ = x^{m × 0} = x⁰ [∵ (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn]
= 1 [∵ a⁰ = 1]

(iv) (6² × 6⁴) ÷ 6³
సాధన.
(6² × 6⁴) ÷ 6³
= (6^{2 + 4}) ÷ 6³ [∵ a^m × aⁿ = a^{m + n}]
= 6⁶ ÷ 6³ = \(\frac{6^{6}}{6^{3}}\)
= 6^{6 – 3} = 6³ (∵ a\(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^{m – n}, m > n)
∴ (6² × 6⁴) ÷ 6³ = 6³

(v) \(\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^{p}\)
సాధన.
\(\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^{p}\) = \(\frac{2^{\mathrm{p}}}{3^{\mathrm{p}}}\) \(\left[\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^{m}=\frac{a^{m}}{b^{m}}\right]\)

ప్రశ్న 4.
కింది వాటిలో పెద్ద సంఖ్యను గుర్తించి మీ జవాబును సమర్థించండి.
(i) 2¹⁰ లేదా 10²
సాధన.
2¹⁰ = 1024
10² = 100
1024 > 100
కావున 2¹⁰ > 10²
∴ 2¹⁰ పెద్దది.

(ii) 5⁴ లేదా 4⁵
సాధన.
5⁴ = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 = 625
45 = 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 = 1024
1024 > 625
కావున 4⁵ > 5⁴
∴ 4⁵ పెద్దది,

ప్రశ్న 5.
\(\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^{2} \times\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^{5}=\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^{k}\) అయితే ‘K’ విలువను కనుక్కోండి.
సాధన.
\(\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^{2} \times\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^{5}=\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^{k}\)
⇒ \(\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^{2+5}\) = \(\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^{\mathrm{k}}\)
⇒ \(\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^{7}\) = \(\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^{\mathrm{k}}\)
సమీకరణంలో ఇరువైపులా భూములు సమానం. కావున ఘాతాంకాలు సమానం.
∴ k = 7.

ప్రశ్న 6.
5^{2p + 1} ÷ 5² = 125 అయితే ‘p’ విలువను కనుక్కోండి.
సాధన.

సమీకరణంలో ఇరువైపులా భూములు సమానం. కావున ఘాతాంకాలు సమానం.
∴ 2p – 1 = 3
⇒ 2p = 3 + 1 = 4
⇒ p = \(\frac{4}{2}\) = 2
∴ p = 2

సరిచూచుట:
p = 2 అయిన 5^{2p + 1} ÷ 5²
= 5^{2(2) + 1} ÷ 5²
= 5⁵ ÷ 5²
= 5^{5 – 2}
= 5³ = RHS.

ప్రశ్న 7.
\(\left(\frac{x^{b}}{x^{c}}\right)^{a} \times\left(\frac{x^{c}}{x^{a}}\right)^{b} \times\left(\frac{x^{a}}{x^{b}}\right)^{c}\) = 1 అని చూపండి
సాధన.

ప్రశ్న 8.
కింది సంఖ్యలను విస్తరణ రూపంలో వ్యక్తపరచండి.
(i) 20068
సాధన.
20068 విస్తరణ రూపం
= (2 × 10,000) + (0 × 1000) + (0 × 100) + (6 × 10) + (8 × 1)
= (2 × 10⁴) + (6 × 10¹) + (8 × 1)

(ii) 120718
సాధన.
120718 విస్తరణ రూపం
= (1 × 100000) + (2 × 10000) + (0 × 1000) + (7 × 100) + (1 × 10) + (8 × 1)
= (1 × 10⁵) + (2 × 10⁴) + (7 × 10²) + (1 × 10¹) + (8 × 1)

ప్రశ్న 9.
కింది వాక్యాలలో గల సంఖ్యలను ప్రామాణిక రూపంలో వ్యక్తపరచండి.
(i) చంద్రుడు భూమికి సుమారు 384467000 మీటర్ల దూరంలో వున్నాడు.
సాధన.
384467000 ప్రామాణిక రూపం
= 3.84467 × 10⁸ మీటర్లు
చంద్రుడు భూమికి సుమారు 3.84467 × 10<sup8 మీటర్ల దూరంలో ఉన్నాడు.

(ii) సూర్యుని ద్రవ్యరాశి
1,989,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 కి.గ్రా.
సాధన.
సూర్యుని ద్రవ్యరాశి = 1,989,000,000,000, 000,000,000,000,000,000
ప్రామాణిక రూపం = 1.989 × 10<sup30 కి.గ్రా.

ప్రశ్న 10.
ఘాతాంకాలు మరియు ఘాతాలలోని సమస్యలను ‘లాస్య’ కింది విధంగా చేసింది. ఆమె సాధనతో మీరు ఏకీభవిస్తున్నారా ? మీ జవాబును సమర్థించండి..
(i) x³ × x² = x⁶
సాధన.
x³ × x² = x⁶
లాస్య సాధనతో నేను ఏకీభవించను. ఎందుకనగా
x³ × x² = x^{3 + 2} = x⁵
(∵ a^m × aⁿ = a^{m + n})

(ii) (6³)¹⁰ = 6¹³
సాధన.
(6³)¹⁰ = 6¹³
లాస్య సాధనతో నేను ఏకీభవించను. ఎందుకనగా
(6³)¹⁰ = 6^{3 × 10}
= 6³⁰ [∵ (a^m)aⁿ = a^mn]

(iii) \(\frac{4 x^{6}}{2 x^{2}}\) = 2x³
సాధన.
\(\frac{4 x^{6}}{2 x^{2}}\) = 2x³
లాస్య సాధనతో నేను ఏకీభవించను. ఎందుకనగా

(iv) \(\frac{3^{5}}{9^{5}}\) = \(\frac{1}{3}\)
సాధన.
\(\frac{3^{5}}{9^{5}}\) = \(\frac{1}{3}\)
లాస్య సమాధానంతో నేను ఏకీభవించను.
ఎందుకనగా

ప్రశ్న 11.
– 2² అనునది 4కు సమానమా ? మీ జవాబును సమర్థించండి.
సాధన.
– 2² అనునది 4కు సమానం కాదు.
కారణం:
– 2² = – (2 × 2) = – 4

ప్రశ్న 12.
బ్యులా 2⁵ × 2¹⁰ = 2⁵⁰ గా లెక్కించింది. ఆమె చేసినది సరియైనదేనా ? కారణం తెలపండి.
సాధన.
బ్యులా 2⁵ × 2¹⁰ = 2⁵⁰ గా లెక్కించడము సరైనది కాదు.
కారణం:
2⁵ × 2¹⁰ = 2^{5 + 10} = 2¹⁵
(∵ a^m × aⁿ =a^{m + n})

ప్రశ్న 13.
రఫి \(\frac{3^{9}}{3^{3}}\) ను 3³ గా లెక్కించాడు. అతడు చేసినది సరియైనదేనా ? మీ జవాబును సమర్థించండి.
సాధన.
\(\frac{3^{9}}{3^{3}}\) = 3³ గా లెక్కించడము సరైనది కాదు.
కారణం:
\(\frac{3^{9}}{3^{3}}\) = 3^{9 – 3} = 3⁶ (∵ \(\frac{a^{m}}{a^{n}}\) = a^{m – n})

ప్రశ్న 14.
(a²)³ అనునది a⁸ కు సమానమా ? కారణం తెలపండి.
సాధన.
(a²)³ అనునది a⁸ కు సమానం కాదు.
కారణం:
(a²)³ = a^{2 × 3} = a⁶ [∵ (a^m)ⁿ = a^mn]